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44-511: Robert Whitehead founded ANTA to create "a national theatre as a guiding spirit". He needed a location, as he had both a company of actors and commissioned two playwrights ( Arthur Miller & S. N. Behrman ), and he needed one quickly. New York University leased land to them, with ANTA having to foot the bill, an estimated $ 525,000. Marvin Carlson described the theatre as "characterless steel box, about 20 feet high and more or less square, painted

88-689: A Wappinger Confederacy village in present-day Pound Ridge was attacked by a mixed force of 130 New Netherland soldiers under the command of John Underhill . This event is now known as the Pound Ridge Massacre . The soldiers surrounded and burnt the village in a night attack killing between 500 and 700 Indians. The dead included 25 members of the Wappinger tribe, with the remainder being either Tankiteke or Siwanoy or both. The New Netherland force lost one man killed and 15 wounded. More casualties were suffered in this attack than in any other single incident in

132-507: A heavy rain storm and rode until he reached North Castle early on July 2. He then decided to attack Pound Ridge by an indirect northern route. In this way he managed to avoid the force of continentals located on the southern road. A lookout spotted the British as they approached the town and warned Colonel Sheldon. The commander dispatched Major Tallmadge with a small group to find out if the arriving force were British or expected reinforcements under

176-614: A home there. In 1815, Samuel Piatt (Peatt) (1773–1850) purchased 7 acres (2.8 ha) and an existing house from Gen. Philip Van Cortlandt. This home, since demolished, was on what now is Honey Hollow Road. The farmland in the Pound Ridge and Lewisboro sections (Ward Pound Ridge Reservation) were part of the Van Cortlandt Manor lands that were divided into "great lots" of about 3,000 acres (1,200 ha) each. These lots were further divided into 300-acre (120 ha) farms. Pound Ridge

220-522: A letter from George Washington. These papers revealed information on the operations of the Culper Spy Ring. Reports on battle casualties are contradictory. One secondary source provides a figure of 10 Americans wounded and eight captured along with two British killed and four captured. The nearby towns of Bedford and Norwalk were burned by the British on July 11. Throughout the Revolutionary War,

264-615: A mountain area in New York State , and built a house there. Caldwell, who won a Tony as Brodie, later appeared for Whitehead in a revival of Medea (with Judith Anderson as the nurse), Lillian, a one-woman show about Lillian Hellman , and Terrence McNally 's Master Class , in which she played Maria Callas . 2002 Tony Award for Lifetime Achievement. The Commercial Theater Institute gives an annual award for "Outstanding Achievement in Commercial Theater Producing" which

308-478: A museum. According to the United States Census Bureau , the town has a total area of 23.1 square miles (60 km ), of which 22.3 square miles (58 km ) is land and 0.8 square miles (2.1 km ) (3.37%) is water. The eastern and southern town lines are along the border with Connecticut . As of the census of 2000, there were 4,726 people, 1,699 households, and 1,406 families residing in

352-520: A mustard yellow and from the outside, suggesting a warehouse or storage facility. The simple entrance had a marquee bearing the name ANTA". The theatre, which was not intended to be permanent, had a seating capacity of 1,158", and opened in 1963 with previews of Miller's After the Fall . Another observer praised "the fine acoustics that have been achieved by the creation of irregularly surfaced concave walls." However, that same observer noted that "the interior of

396-500: A series of fires broke out that burned hundreds of acres. George Irving Ruscoe served as town supervisor from 1894 to 1927. He also served as a justice of the peace for 62 years until his retirement in 1945. In 1916, the Northern Westchester District Nursing Association requested permission to open a Polio hospital in Pound Ridge. Sentiment in the town was strongly against the proposal and the hospital

440-476: A variety of crops for their own consumption. Commercial beef and dairy farming were also practiced. The town was a center for shoemaking with almost 150 families listed as shoemakers. Shoe parts were acquired from factories in Long Ridge and New Canaan. Residents would then stitch, fit and attach the parts and return the completed shoes to the factories. This activity was greatest in the winter during which farmers had

484-460: Is named for Robert Whitehead. Reference: Reference: Pound Ridge Pound Ridge is a town in Westchester County , New York , United States. The population was 5,082 at the 2020 census. The town is located toward the eastern end of the county, bordered to the north and east by the town of Lewisboro , by Stamford, Connecticut , and New Canaan, Connecticut , to

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528-851: The Saugatuck River in Westport. The territory of the Kitchawong is thought to have extended from the Croton River to Anthony's Nose along the Hudson and some distance east from the river. The Wappinger Confederacy participated in Kieft's War which began in 1640 as a result of escalating tensions over land use, livestock control, trade and taxation between the Dutch West India Company colony of New Netherland and neighboring native peoples. In March 1644,

572-562: The Hudson River in the west 20 miles (32 km) east to the Connecticut border. A member of the historically prominent Lockwood family first purchased land in Pound Ridge in 1737 and several members of the family settled in the town within the next six years. The Scofield family first settled in the area in 1745 and the first Fancher settled in the area in 1758. Roads in the modern town bear the name of each of these families. The first record of

616-454: The Hudson River. The rebels had been warned of an impending raid on the night of June 30 by the rebel spy Luther Kinnicutt. However, the spy was not able to discover the date of the attack. The American force consisted of 100 continental foot soldiers of the 6th Connecticut Regiment under Major Eli Leavenworth, 90 of Colonel Sheldon's 2nd Regiment of Light Horse, and about 100 militia under Major Lockwood. The light horse detachment had been under

660-642: The Sound due to environmental pollution. Pound Ridge furnished 109 men to fight in the American Civil War . Of the 94 new recruits, 53 served in Connecticut regiments and 41 in New York Regiments. Seven men were killed in action, 13 died of disease, three died in prison, seven were wounded and 13 disabled. When conscription was enacted, the town began to raise money to give to conscripts for their personal use or so that they could purchase substitutes. The money

704-513: The Stamford Water Company purchased land for the construction of a dam and the creation of a reservoir for the use of the city of Stamford. Three ponds were joined to create Trinity Lake which reached a capacity of 450 million gallons when the dam height was increased in 1895. In 1891, the Stamford Water Company purchased additional land and created Siscowit Reservoir with a capacity of 88 million gallons. Annual farmers' picnics were held on

748-403: The average family size was 3.03. In the town the population was spread out, with 26.1% under the age of 18, 3.4% from 18 to 24, 25.6% from 25 to 44, 32.6% from 45 to 64, and 12.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.1 males. For every 100 females aged 18 and over, there were 95.9 males. The median income for a household in the town

792-694: The battle standard of Sheldon's 2nd Regiment back along the northern road to Bedford. Tarleton had the Presbyterian Church in Bedford burned as well as the house of a patriot. The British abandoned the cattle in Bedford before returning to the Bronx River camp under pursuit by the Americans as far as North Castle. In the course of the raid the British had managed to capture some of Benjamin Tallmadge's papers including

836-476: The building is not striking and might well be mistaken for a small industrial plant of some sort." Several highly regarded plays had their runs at the ANTA Washington Square, including Miller's Incident at Vichy and the revival of Eugene O'Neill 's Marco Millions . A production relished by many Molière lovers was William Ball's 1964 staging of Tartuffe , with an "outrageous" Michael O'Sullivan in

880-521: The center of a 50-year land dispute concerning overlapping grants of the Van Cortlandt Manor grant to Stephanus Van Cortlandt and to the Stamford patentees. After a lengthy legal battle, clear title to the 3,000 acres (1,200 ha) was finally given to Van Cortlandt heirs in 1788. Most of this land is now part of the Ward Pound Ridge Reservation. Sometime after that, Pierre Van Cortlandt built

924-471: The command of Colonel Moylan. The force under Tallmadge withdrew upon contact with the British. The force of light horse and militia under Sheldon and Lockwood were scattered and withdrew to the south. Tarleton's force pursued them for a time before returning to the town. They were then fired upon by some militia from behind cover. The British burned the Presbyterian Church and the home of Major Lockwood before withdrawing with prisoners, cattle, arms, equipment and

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968-852: The demolition of the Washington Square Theatre. The dismantled pieces of the prefabricated theatre were purchased by Yale University for the Trinity Repertory Company , one which artistic director Adrian Hall later called "bold, silly move". It was done as a way to save costs on construction, but it never materialized. Yale ended up purchasing the Majestic Theatre in downtown Providence, currently home to Trinity Repertory Company. 40°43′45″N 73°59′47″W  /  40.7291°N 73.9963°W  / 40.7291; -73.9963 Robert Whitehead (theatre producer) Robert Whitehead (March 3, 1916 – June 15, 2002)

1012-411: The eastern shore of Trinity Lake for about 20 years from 1886 onwards. Up to 2,000 people from the region would attend. The population of Pound Ridge declined from 1,417 in 1860 to a low of 515 in 1920. During this period general farming was replaced by dairy farming. Forest grew back over land cleared during the previous two centuries. The town had lost all three of its post offices by 1903. In May 1911,

1056-522: The north Long Island Sound Coast with a maximum range extending from Hell Gate to the Five Mile River separating today's Darien, Connecticut , from Rowayton to its east. The Tankiteke appear to have occupied easternmost Westchester County above the coast but extending further west in the northern part of the county and into southern and eastern Putnam County , and eastward in Fairfield County to

1100-405: The population. There were 1,699 households, out of which 38.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 76.4% were married couples living together, 4.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.2% were non-families. Of all households 13.2% were made up of individuals, and 5.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.77 and

1144-435: The region was witness to raids by both Patriots and Loyalists against opposing residents. A Loyalist raid in Pound Ridge in 1779 led to the death of a resident. Pound Ridge held a number of Loyalists as prisoners or under house arrest throughout the war. Later in the war Loyalists were denied freedom of speech, lost the use of the courts, were prevented from practicing their trades and had their property confiscated. Pound Ridge

1188-689: The south, Bedford, New York , and North Castle to the west. In the early 17th century, Pound Ridge was inhabited by Native Americans who spoke the Munsee language and were members of the Wappinger Confederacy . The geographical boundaries of the tribes within the Confederacy are unclear. Pound Ridge has been variously listed as within the territory of the Kitchawong , Siwanoy , and Tankiteke bands. The Siwanoy are generally agreed to have lived along

1232-583: The temporary command of Major Benjamin Tallmadge until the day before the attack when Colonel Sheldon arrived. Benjamin Tallmadge had organized the Culper Spy Ring which operated in British-occupied New York. The British force consisted of 200 mounted light dragoons and infantry and included some Hessian Jagers. Tarleton left his base on the Bronx River near Yonkers on the night of July 1 in

1276-528: The term "Old Pound Ridge" to refer to the present-day town's territory is found in the North Castle records from 1737. "Old Pound Ridge" begins to appear in Stamford records in 1750. The name "Old Pound Ridge" is thought to have originated from the presence of an Indian game pound on a hill within the territory when the settlers first arrived. During the 1700s, the Boutonville area of Pound Ridge found itself at

1320-418: The time to pursue secondary occupations. This cottage industry declined as the shoemaking industry began to employ full-time workers around mid-century. As a result, a number of local shoemakers moved out of town to become factory workers. Pound Ridge became a center of basketmaking with 80 families employed in the trade at its peak. Basketmaking was concentrated in the present-day hamlet of Scotts Corners which

1364-486: The title role. The longest running show to play at the ANTA Washington Square was the smash hit musical Man of La Mancha , which began its first New York run there on November 22, 1965. Man of La Mancha's producers Albert W. Selden and Hal James took over the theater in 1966. The theater closed permanently on March 17, 1968, and Man of La Mancha transferred to the more conventional Martin Beck Theatre in 1968, pending

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1408-446: The town. The population density was 207.3 inhabitants per square mile (80.0/km ). There were 1,868 housing units at an average density of 81.9 units per square mile (31.6 units/km ). The racial makeup of the town was 95.54% White , 1.21% African American , 0.06% Native American , 1.65% Asian , 0.02% Pacific Islander , 0.32% from other races , and 1.21% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 2.45% of

1452-412: The very first settlers were from Huntington on Long Island, most of the original settlers of Pound Ridge were from Stamford. A large portion of Pound Ridge was included in the town of North Castle when it was incorporated in 1721. Three thousand acres in the northern part of present-day Pound Ridge were included within the more than 86,000-acre (35,000 ha) Cortlandt Manor grant which extended from

1496-469: The war funds were disbursed. The supervisor resigned in the summer of 1868 and the town went to court against him to recover $ 9,155.77 in damages and costs. The case was apparently settled out of court. The former supervisor sold his Pound Ridge house in 1871 and moved to White Plains where he died three years later. Alsop was the sixth and last member of the Lockwood family to serve as town supervisor. In 1869,

1540-498: The war. Shortly after the battle, four Wappinger Confederacy sachems arrived in the New England settlement of Stamford to sue for peace. The territory of modern Pound Ridge was first permanently settled by Europeans in 1718 in the present-day Long Ridge Road area. Long Ridge Road was originally an Indian path and had been used by the first settlers of Bedford, New York , as they traveled to that destination from Stamford. Although

1584-528: Was $ 183,208, and the median income for a family was $ 191,439 (since 2008). Males had a median income of $ 100,000 versus $ 50,553 for females. The per capita income for the town was $ 74,914. About 0.9% of families and 1.7% of the population were below the poverty line , including 0.6% of those under aged 18 and 2.8% of those aged 65 or over. Pound Ridge government offices are located in the Pound Ridge Town House on Westchester Avenue. The local school

1628-1250: Was Whitehead's cousin on the LaBatt side.) He went to Trinity College School in Port Hope, Ontario, then worked as a commercial photographer before studying acting at the New York School of the Theatre. He spent the Second World War years as an ambulance driver in North Africa and Italy . Whitehead had a long-term association with fellow producer Roger L. Stevens. In 1964, the Lincoln Center Repertory Theatre opened with Robert Whitehead and Elia Kazan as its heads and Harold Clurman as literary adviser. In 1968, Whitehead married Zoe Caldwell , who starred in The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie . (His first wife Virginia, an antique dealer whom he married in 1948, died in 1965.) The couple bought property in Pound Ridge ,

1672-473: Was a Canadian theatre producer. His first production was Medea , starring Judith Anderson and John Gielgud , and he won the Outer Critics Circle Award five times. He was nominated for 19 Tony and Drama Desk Awards, winning 4 Tony Awards and 5 Drama Desk Awards. His father owned textile mills, and his mother, Selena Mary LaBatt Whitehead, was an opera singer. (The actor Hume Cronyn

1716-481: Was known as Basket Town. Baskets were used for a variety of purposes but were particularly important for the oyster industry along the Long Island Sound. This local industry reached its height in the 1860s, with basket prices falling thereafter. The decline of basketmaking in Pound Ridge was caused by a combination of competition from foreign and machine-made products as well as the collapse of the oyster industry in

1760-484: Was not approved. The town board passed a resolution requiring all outside children under the age of 17 to be examined by health officials before they would be allowed to visit the town. In 1917, Pound Ridge was caught up in a Polio epidemic. In 1925, Westchester County purchased over 4,000 acres (1,600 ha) of land in northern Pound Ridge and adjacent Lewisboro to create the Pound Ridge Reservation. The park

1804-442: Was officially incorporated in 1788. In 1782, the population was 707 which increased to 1,062 by 1790 and 1,256 by 1800. One slave is listed as a resident in the 1800 and 1820 federal censuses. In 1830, the population was 1,437. The population remained between 1,400 and 1,500 through the census of 1860 after which the census indicates population decline. During this period Pound Ridge was an agricultural community in which families raised

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1848-410: Was raised through taxes, bonds and loans from the county. By the end of the war the town had $ 35,000 in debts. A significant portion of the money was entrusted to Alsop Hunt Lockwood who served as the town supervisor from 1844 to 1853 and then county sheriff for three years before becoming supervisor again from 1856 to 1868. In the spring of 1868, the town attempted to audit the supervisor to determine how

1892-619: Was renamed the Ward-Pound Ridge Reservation in 1938 after the park planner and longtime Republican county leader William L. Ward . From 1933 to 1940, the Reservation was host to a Civilian Conservation Corp camp known variously as Camp SP-9, Camp No. 24 and Camp Merkel after the parks superintendent for Westchester County. The camp had about 200 enrollees at any one time. Workers improved roads and built bridges, planted trees and constructed shelters, picnic areas, walls, latrines and

1936-479: Was the site of a battle during the American Revolutionary War . On July 2, 1779, a force of 300 American rebels was attacked by 200 British soldiers under the command of Banastre Tarleton . The raid was the first independent command for the 24-year-old Tarelton. The attack was planned as one of a series of raids on rebel forces in the region, the purpose of which were to draw Washington's army away from

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