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15-569: AIMA can refer to: AIMA prophecy on the Komnenian family in the Byzantine Empire All India Management Association Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach , standard university textbook on Artificial Intelligence Australian Institute of Multicultural Affairs , an Australian government agency from 1979 to 1986 Topics referred to by

30-583: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages AIMA prophecy It claimed to foretell that the initial letters of the names of the emperors of the Komnenos dynasty would spell aima (αἷμα), the Greek word for "blood". The emperors of the dynasty had been, in order, Alexios I Komnenos ( r.  1081–1118 ) ( alpha ), Ioannes II Komnenos ( r.  1118–1143 ) ( iota ), and Manuel I ( mu ) (whose succession

45-860: The Byzantine Empire founded after the Fourth Crusade in 1204, until its fall to the Ottoman Empire in 1461. All but two of the Trapezuntine rulers belonged to the Komnenos dynasty, which had previously ruled the Byzantine Empire from 1081 to 1185. They initially claimed to represent the legitimate line of Roman emperors, in opposition to the Latin Empire in Constantinople , the Laskaris dynasty of

60-465: The Empire of Trebizond . The sequence re-appears again with Andronikos I Gidos ( r.  1222–1235 ), Ioannes I Axouchos ( r.  1235–1238 ), Manuel Megas Komnenos ( r.  1238–1263 ), and Andronikos II Megas Komnenos ( r.  1263–1266 ). Emperors of Trebizond The Trapezuntine emperors were the rulers of the Empire of Trebizond , one of the successor states of

75-589: The Nicene Empire , and the Komnenos Doukas family of Epirus and Thessalonica . To emphasize their dynastic claim, Trapezuntine emperors from the late 13th century onwards styled themselves as Megas Komnenos ( Μέγας Κομνηνός , lit.   ' Grand Komnenos ' ). Out of the Byzantine claimants that emerged in 1204 and thereafter, the Trapezuntine emperors, despite their illustrious descent, had perhaps

90-670: The Trapezuntine emperors to be emperors at all, instead typically referring to them as "princes of the Lazes ". Although the Nicene emperors are generally regarded by modern historians to have been the legitimate Byzantine emperors from 1204 to the recapture of Constantinople in 1261, this is only because it was their successor state that eventually retook the city. The emperors in Trebizond and Thessalonica were no less legitimate emperors than those in Nicaea,

105-578: The distinction only having been made retroactively as the Trapezuntines never succeeded in taking Constantinople and eventually gave up their claim to the Roman title. The line of Komnenos emperors in Trebizond lasted for more than 250 years, far longer than their dynasty had ruled from Constantinople, and outlasted the restored Byzantine Empire under the Palaiologos dynasty by eight years, before it too fell to

120-543: The ensuing uprising, Isaac was crowned emperor, while Andronikos was overthrown and killed a few days later. The AIMA line continued, however, from Andronikos' eldest son Manuel to his own descendants—the only male-line branch of the Komnenoi to survive the 12th century—the "Grand Komnenoi" emperors of Trebizond : Andronikos I, Ioannes as co-emperor, Manuel, who would have been the legitimate successor, and Manuel's son Alexios I Megas Komnenos ( r.  1204–1222 ), founder of

135-633: The entire former Byzantine Empire for decades thereafter, conflict with the Nicene Empire and the Sultanate of Rum in the early 13th century reduced the power of the Trapezuntine emperors. After the fall of Sinope to Sultan Kaykaus I in 1214, the Empire of Trebizond ceased to be a major contender for restoring the Byzantine Empire and became reduced to a small and local power. After the Nicene Empire under Michael VIII Palaiologos retook Constantinople in 1261,

150-729: The letter iota. For that reason, he bypassed his firstborn son Manuel Komnenos in favour of the younger Ioannes , who was crowned co-emperor in 1184. Andronikos also feared his throne would be usurped by another cousin, Isaac Komnenos of Cyprus . Stephen Hagiochristophorites , the Logothete of the Drome , suspected a different Isaac, Isaac II Angelos ( r.  1185–1195, 1203–1204 ), who had been seen in Constantinople . On September 11, 1185 Hagiochristophorites visited Isaac Angelos at his hideout. Isaac Angelos slew Hagiochristophorites with his sword and fled to Hagia Sophia seeking sanctuary. In

165-964: The rulers of Trebizond continued to style themselves as ' Emperor and Autocrat of the Romans' ( βασιλεὺς καὶ αὐτοκράτωρ Ῥωμαῖων ), viewing the Palaiologos dynasty as just another family of usurpers. The Trapezuntine title was altered in 1282, 21 years later, to 'Emperor and Autocrat of all the East, the Iberians , and the Transmarine Provinces ' ( βασιλεὺς καὶ αὐτοκράτωρ πάσης Ἀνατολῆς, Ἰβήρων καὶ Περατείας ) in order to placate Michael VIII Palaiologos after John II Megas Komnenos ( r.  1280–1297 ) of Trebizond married his daughter, Eudokia Palaiologina . The Palaiologoi emperors in Constantinople did not consider

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180-405: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title AIMA . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=AIMA&oldid=1113013668 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

195-412: The worst position. Not only were they far away from Constantinople in a peripheral province of the empire, but the reputation of the Komnenoi had been severely damaged by the detested last emperor of the dynasty, Andronikos I Komnenos ( r.  1183–1185 ), grandfather of the first Trapezuntine emperor Alexios I ( r.  1204–1222 ). Though they continued to claim to be the legitimate rulers of

210-527: Was customary among the Byzantines. Manuel also gave the name to at least one and perhaps two of his own illegitimate sons. The reign of Alexios II lasted only three years, before he was deposed and killed by his cousin, Andronikos I Komnenos ( r.  1183–1185 ), with whom, apparently, the AIMA sequence began again. In accordance with this, Andronikos would be succeeded in turn by an emperor whose name began with

225-471: Was unexpected since he was the fourth son of Ioannes). Because of his belief that his successor's name would have to start with the letter alpha, Manuel had the name Alexios bestowed on Béla , the fiancé of his daughter Maria and his designated heir from 1168 to 1169, when his second wife bore Manuel a son, who was named again in accordance with the prophecy as Alexios II Komnenos ( r.  1180–1183 ), rather than Ioannes after his paternal grandfather, as

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