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24-608: A73 or A-73 may refer to: Benoni Defense , in the Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings ARM Cortex-A73 , a microprocessor Samsung Galaxy A73 5G , an Android smartphone Roads [ edit ] A73 motorway (Netherlands) A73 road , in the United Kingdom Quebec Autoroute 73 in Quebec Autovía A-73 , a Spanish motorway Bundesautobahn 73 ,

48-537: A sacrifice is a move that gives up a piece with the objective of gaining tactical or positional compensation in other forms. A sacrifice could also be a deliberate exchange of a chess piece of higher value for an opponent's piece of lower value. Any chess piece except the king may be sacrificed. Because players usually try to hold on to their own pieces, offering a sacrifice can come as an unpleasant surprise to one's opponent, putting them off balance and causing them to waste precious time trying to calculate whether

72-673: A German motorway also called A 73 Animals [ edit ] A73, an orca more commonly known as Springer (orca) See also [ edit ] List of highways numbered 73 v t e Numbered A roads A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 A14 A15 A16 A17 A18 A19 A20 A21 A22 A23 A24 A25 A26 A27 A28 A29 A30 A31 A32 A33 A34 A35 A36 A37 A38 A39 A40 [REDACTED] Topics referred to by

96-560: A knight, or to inconvenience Black's development with an early bishop check on b5. More commonly, it is reached by the sequence: Black can then offer a pawn sacrifice with 3...b5 (the Benko Gambit ), otherwise 3...e6 is the most common move, leading to the Modern Benoni . 3...d6 or 3...g6 are also seen, typically transposing to main lines, or to lines of the King's Indian Defense . 3...e5,

120-470: A potential redeployment of the bishop to g7, has also been tried. White appears to retain the advantage against both setups. The Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings has many codes for the Benoni Defense. Old Benoni Defense: Benoni Defense: Fianchetto Variation: Modern Benoni: Taimanov Variation: Four Pawns Attack: Classical Benoni: Bibliography Sacrifice (chess) In chess ,

144-566: Is classified under the ECO codes A60–A79. The Blumenfeld is a variant of the Modern Benoni beginning 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e6 4.Nf3 b5. While it superficially resembles the Benko Gambit, it has a different strategic goal, that being to initiate counterplay against White's pawn center rather than develop positional pressure on the queen's side. The Snake Benoni is a variant of the Modern Benoni where

168-553: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Benoni Defense The original form of the Benoni, now known as the Old Benoni , is characterized by This leaves Black a few options such as an early ...f5 and an early dark-squared bishop trade by ...Be7-g5, but has the drawback that White is no longer committed to playing c2-c4 after the response 2.d5. White may prefer to occupy c4 with

192-434: Is the second most common form of Benoni after the Benko Gambit . Black's intention is to play ...exd5 and create a queenside pawn majority , whose advance will be supported by a fianchettoed bishop on g7. The combination of these two features differentiates Black's setup from the other Benoni defenses and the King's Indian Defense , although transpositions between these openings are common. The Modern Benoni

216-468: The kingside and prevent ...f5. Grandmaster Ben Finegold often plays this line; he notably beat Mamedyarov in this variation. The Benko Gambit, also known as the Volga Gambit, begins 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5. Play usually continues 4.cxb5 a6 5.bxa6 Bxa6. Black sacrifices a pawn for open lines and long-term positional pressure on the queen's side. The Modern Benoni, 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e6,

240-504: The Czech Benoni , is now considered old-fashioned and allows White a clear space advantage. Benoni ( Hebrew : בֶּן־אוֹנִי ‎ ; Ben-Oni ) is an ancient Hebrew name, still occasionally used, meaning "son of my sorrow". It is a reference to the Biblical account of the dying Rachel giving birth to Benjamin , whom she named Ben-Oni. In 1825 Aaron Reinganum, a prominent member of

264-569: The Frankfurt Jewish community , published a book entitled Ben-Oni oder die Vertheidigungen gegen die Gambitzüge im Schache in which he analyzed several defenses to the King's Gambit and the Queen's Gambit, as well as the then unknown opening 1.d4 c5. Reinganum, who studied chess to alleviate his depression , conceived the name "Ben-Oni" as a nickname for his writings rather than the name of an opening. In

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288-600: The Morra Gambit , also promising equality at best. The Old Benoni may transpose to the Czech Benoni, but there are a few independent variations. This form has never attracted serious interest in high-level play, though Alexander Alekhine defeated Efim Bogoljubow with it in one game of their second match, in 1934. The Old Benoni is sometimes called the Blackburne Defense after Englishman Joseph Henry Blackburne ,

312-708: The 1843 Staunton – Saint Amant match, Saint Amant met 1.d4 with 1...c5 in the second and fourth games. Saint Amant wrote in Le Palamède (1843): "This opening is not favorable to Black. Bennoni [sic] gives some examples; but it loses time to White, which deprives Black of all the advantages of a good opening." Staunton wrote in The Chess-Player's Companion (1849): "M. St. Amant derived this somewhat bizarre defense from Benoni. (Benoni, oder Vertheidigungen die Gambitzüge im Schache, &c. Von Aaron Reinganum, Frankfort, 1825.)" Staunton also mentions "Ben-Oni" while commenting on

336-566: The bishop is developed to d6 rather than g7. This opening was invented in 1982 by Rolf Olav Martens , who gave it its name because of the sinuous movement of the bishop—in Martens's original concept, Black follows up with 6...Bc7 and sometimes ...Ba5—and because the Swedish word for "snake", orm , was an anagram of his initials. Normunds Miezis has been a regular exponent of this variation. Aside from Martens's plan, 6...0-0 intending ...Re8, ...Bf8 and

360-565: The first player known to have used it successfully. In the Czech Benoni, also known as the Hromadka Benoni, after Karel Hromádka , Black plays 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e5. The Czech Benoni is more solid than the Modern Benoni, but also more passive. The middlegames arising from this line are characterized by much maneuvering; in most lines, Black will look to break with ...b7–b5 or ...f7–f5 after due preparation, while White may play Nc3, e4, h3, Bd3, Nf3, and g4, in order to gain space on

384-413: The game due to the material deficit. Because of the risk involved, real sacrifices are also called speculative sacrifices . The tactical sham sacrifices can be categorized further by the mechanism by which the sacrifice is made. Some sacrifices may fall into more than one category. Another way to classify sacrifices is to distinguish between forcing and non-forcing sacrifices. The former type leave

408-715: The king cannot take the queen because it would have been in check from the knight on h3. Having forced the rook out of a position where it was defending the f-file and into a position where it blocked the king from making any move, the black knight delivers a smothered mate by 23... Nf2# . A Philidor sacrifice , recommended and practiced by Philidor , is the sacrifice of a minor piece for one or two pawns for greater pawn mobility as compensation. An example of this real, strategic/positional sacrifice can occur in Petrov's Defense after 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.Nxe5 d6 where White elects 4.Nxf7 Kxf7 ( diagram ). Another openings example

432-514: The move 1...c5 in The Chess-player's Handbook (1847, page 382). Subsequently, the name "Benoni" came to be associated with the opening 1.d4 c5, and later with 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 and other openings in which Black counters d2–d4 with an early ....c7–c5, without first having played ...d7–d5. The Old Benoni Defense starts with 1.d4 c5. White usually replies 2.d5 in order to gain space , as 2.dxc5 e6 leads to no advantage, and 2.e4 transposes to

456-504: The opponent with no option but acceptance, typically because not doing so would leave them behind in material with no compensation. Non-forcing sacrifices, on the other hand, give the opponent a choice. A common error is to not recognize when a particular sacrifice can be safely declined with no ill-effects. In the diagram, GM Aronian has mistakenly played 24. exd4 ?? , opening up the e-file for Black's rook. After Svidler played 24... Re1+ ! , Aronian resigned, because Black's move forces

480-454: The reply 25.Rxe1 (or 25.Qf1 Qxf1 # ), after which White's queen is undefended and therefore lost. This particular type of sacrifice has also been called the "Hook and Ladder trick", for the white queen is precariously at the top of the "ladder", while the rook is at the bottom, supporting it. Black played 1... Qxg3 ? and White drew with 2. Qg8+! Kxg8 (on any other move Black will get mated) 3. Rxg7+! . White intends to keep checking on

504-447: The sacrifice is sound or not, and whether to accept it. Sacrificing one's queen (the most valuable piece), or a string of pieces, adds to the surprise, and such games can be awarded brilliancy prizes . Rudolf Spielmann proposed a division between sham and real sacrifices: In compensation for a real sacrifice, the player receives dynamic, positional, or other non-material advantages which they must capitalize on, or risk losing

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528-447: The sacrificed pawn, Black has obtained a semi-open file , a diagonal, an outpost on d5 and saddled White with a backward pawn on d3. The game was eventually drawn. The following example features a forced bishop sacrifice by White. White can force mate in two moves in the diagram at left as follows: 1. Bg6+ ! hxg6 2. Qxg6 # In this position, Black moves 22... Qg1+! forcing the white rook to take black's queen by 23. Rxg1 ;

552-448: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title formed as a letter–number combination. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A73&oldid=1077800878 " Category : Letter–number combination disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

576-555: The seventh rank , and if Black ever captures the rook it is stalemate. This save from Evans has been dubbed "The Swindle of the Century". White's rook is known as a desperado . This time Reshevsky is at the receiving end of a sacrifice. White has just played h2–h4. If Black takes the knight he has to give up his own knight on f6 to avoid mate on h7. Instead, he simply ignored the bait and continued developing. In this game Black played 14... d4! 15. Nxd4 Nd5 . In exchange for

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