46-789: Seán Garland (7 March 1934 – 13 December 2018) was the General Secretary of the Workers' Party in Ireland from 1977 to 1991, and President from 1998 to 2008. Born at Belvedere Place, off Mountjoy Square in Dublin , Garland joined the Irish Republican Army in 1953. In 1954, he briefly joined the British Army as an IRA agent and collected intelligence on Gough Barracks in Armagh and supplied it to
92-531: A Marxist and was one of a generation of IRA leaders who attempted to lead the organisation away from violence and into left-wing political agitation. He worked closely in this with figures such as Cathal Goulding and Tomás MacGiolla . During the 1969/70 IRA split, Garland supported the moves to abandon abstentionism and was a key figure in Official Sinn Féin (as national organiser) and Official Irish Republican Army (as Adjutant-General). The Official IRA
138-826: A starry plough , and an Irish flag. Garland died from cancer at his home at Kentstown near Navan , County Meath on 13 December 2018, aged 84. He was waked at both the Official-linked Lower Falls Social Club on the Falls Road in Belfast, and at Liberty Hall in Dublin. His funeral later took place at Glasnevin Cemetery . Then-party President Michael Donnelly, former leader Tom French , and Dublin City Councillor Mannix Flynn were in attendance at
184-657: Is different from Wikidata Articles with hCards Commons link is locally defined National Forum on Europe The National Forum on Europe ( Irish : Fóram Náisiúnta um an Eoraip ) was established by Taoiseach Bertie Ahern , TD , in the aftermath of the rejection of the Treaty of Nice by the Irish people in 2001. It exists to provide a forum for debate between senior politicians in Ireland and informed observers from abroad, to promote wider public participation and to inform
230-517: Is typically elected by the communist party's central committee (with the Workers' Party of Korea as an exception), and the holder of this title also frequently serves on the communist party's politburo and secretariat . General secretaries of ruling communist parties [ edit ] Leaders of current ruling communist parties Party Title Officeholder Took office Length of tenure Ref. [REDACTED] Chinese Communist Party General Secretary of
276-934: The Central Committee Tô Lâm [REDACTED] 3 August 2024 112 days [REDACTED] Lao People's Revolutionary Party General Secretary of the Central Committee Thongloun Sisoulith [REDACTED] 15 January 2021 3 years, 313 days [REDACTED] Workers' Party of Korea General Secretary Kim Jong-un [REDACTED] 11 April 2012 12 years, 226 days See also [ edit ] [REDACTED] Wikimedia Commons has media related to General Secretary . Central Committee Politburo Secretariat References [ edit ] ^ Li, Cheng . "Xi Jinping 习近平" (PDF) . Brookings Institution . Archived from
322-549: The Central Committee Xi Jinping [REDACTED] 15 November 2012 12 years, 8 days [REDACTED] Communist Party of Cuba First Secretary of the Central Committee Miguel Díaz-Canel [REDACTED] 19 April 2021 3 years, 218 days [REDACTED] Communist Party of Vietnam General Secretary of
368-559: The Czech Republic , Denmark , the UK, the Republic of Ireland, Poland , and Russia . They also alleged that the source of the banknotes was the government of North Korea . Garland was released on bail . A campaign was then launched against the U.S. extradition attempt. His supporters claimed the U.S. waited for Garland to travel north of the Irish border before seeking his extradition, believing
414-578: The High Court dismissed the U.S. application for Garland's extradition. Justice Edwards told the court he was not disposed to grant the application and would furnish his reasons for doing so later. On 27 January 2012, Justice Edwards stated that since the offence for which the U.S. wanted to extradite was regarded as having been committed in the Republic of Ireland the Court was prohibited from extraditing Garland. He
460-531: The Irish Farmers Association , National Platform , People's Movement , Institute for European Affairs, Peace and Neutrality Alliance , Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP), Irish Business and Employers Confederation (IBEC), Union representatives, and the representatives of the main churches in Ireland. The forum held sessions in Dublin Castle , but also a number of events and meetings around
506-463: The United Kingdom authorities would be more willing to acquiesce than those in the Republic of Ireland . On 9 October 2005, a Sunday Times article alleged that Garland became chief of staff of the largely inactive Official IRA in 1998. On 1 December, the High Court in Belfast issued a warrant for Garland's arrest after he failed to appear for an extradition hearing. On 1 April 2006, Garland
SECTION 10
#1733094093471552-3168: The Communist Party Highest organ of state power Leading role of the party Politburo Secretariat State Transmission belt Unified power Vanguardism Variants Cuban ( Castroism Guevarism ) Ho Chi Minh Thought Hoxhaism Husakism Juche ( Songun Kimilsungism–Kimjongilism Kimjongunism ) Kadarism Khrushchevism Maoism ( Marxism–Leninism–Maoism Gonzalo Thought Prachanda Path Pantherism ( Intercommunalism ) New Communism ) Kaysone Phomvihane Thought National Pol Potism African ( Sankarism Machelism Nkrumaism ) Socialism with Chinese characteristics ( Dengism Three Represents Scientific Outlook on Development Xi Jinping Thought ) Stalinism American ( Bill of Rights socialism Browderism Lovestoneism Marcyism ) Titoism ( Đilasism Rankovićism ) Dubčekism Zachariadism Brezhnevism People Joseph Stalin Mao Zedong Ernst Thälmann Khorloogiin Choibalsan Ehmetjan Qasim José Díaz Maurice Thorez Palmiro Togliatti Dolores Ibárruri Ho Chi Minh Võ Nguyên Giáp Earl Browder Nikita Khrushchev Walter Ulbricht Josip Broz Tito Mátyás Rákosi Lazar Kaganovich Georgi Dimitrov Bolesław Bierut Valko Chervenkov Klement Gottwald Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej Enver Hoxha Kaysone Phomvihane Khalid Bakdash Leonid Brezhnev Deng Xiaoping Pol Pot Nikos Zachariadis Che Guevara Fidel Castro Agostinho Neto Mengistu Haile Mariam Kim Il Sung Chin Peng Sanzō Nosaka Nicolae Ceaușescu Gustáv Husák János Kádár Maurice Bishop Erich Honecker Władysław Gomułka Samora Machel Thomas Sankara Mathieu Kérékou Siad Barre Nur Muhammad Taraki Alfonso Cano Pushpa Kamal Dahal Rohana Wijeweera Abimael Guzmán Gus Hall Gennady Zyuganov Xi Jinping Theoretical works Foundations of Leninism Dialectical and Historical Materialism The History of
598-614: The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks) Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR A Critique of Soviet Economics Fundamentals of Marxism–Leninism Guerrilla Warfare Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung President Ho Chi Minh's Testament The Governance of China History Soviet Union 1927–1953 1953–1964 1964–1982 1982–1991 Great Break Collectivization in
644-483: The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks) Britain's Road to Socialism Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR A Critique of Soviet Economics Fundamentals of Marxism–Leninism Guerrilla Warfare History Soviet Union ( 1927–1953 1953–1964 1964–1982 1982–1991 ) Great Break Collectivization in the Soviet Union Industrialization in
690-770: The Forum from the European Anti Poverty Network that there should be a cross-cutting clause requiring all EU institutions to take account of social inclusion in al policies was taken up by Taoiseach Bertie Ahern and, on the proposal of the Irish Government, became part of the Constitution and subsequently the Lisbon Treaty. The Forum was used in the buildup to the Lisbon Treaty and after the treaty's rejection, in it
736-624: The Forum played a full part in all of its work. It included groups who had campaigned for and against the Nice Treaty and social partner organisations like IBEC, Irish Congress of Trade Unions and European Anti Poverty Network. Representatives of political parties in Ireland and figures from the European Parliament addressed the forum, such as Peter Sutherland, Pat Cox, Jens Peter Bonde MEP, and David Byrne (former Commissioner). A number of organisations made presentations and submissions, such as
782-736: The IRA in Dublin . This enabled the IRA to carry out a successful arms raid on 12 June 1954, with Garland's active involvement on the base. Garland deserted from the British Army in October of the same year, before his regiment was due to depart for Kenya . He became a full-time IRA training officer. On 1 January 1957 at the beginning of the IRA Border Campaign , he led the unsuccessful attack on Brookeborough Royal Ulster Constabulary barracks in which his associates Seán South and Fergal O'Hanlon , both
828-753: The Irish public in a non-partisan and neutral manner about developments in the European Union . The operation of the Forum was based on the Forum for Peace and Reconciliation (FPR), with an independent secretariat headed by the Assistant Secretary from the Department of the Taoiseach, and membership consisted of representatives from the Oireachtas and nominees based on the 1997 general election. The Observer Pillar of
874-846: The KGB, Vladimir Kryuchkov , viewed the request positively. However, on 12 January 1989, the International Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union turned it down, fearing that leaked news of such cooperation would damage the Soviet relationship with the United Kingdom . Copies of Kryuchkov's letter and of the Central Committee decision can be found in an archive of classified documents smuggled out of Russia by Vladimir Bukovsky . On 7 October 2005, Garland
920-1357: The Philippines Communist Party of the Russian Federation Communist Party of the Soviet Union Communist Party of Vietnam Communist Party of Malaya Indochinese Communist Party Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party Lao People's Revolutionary Party Nepal Communist Party Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine Sandinista National Liberation Front Shining Path ( Militarized Communist Party of Peru ) Workers' Party of Korea Portuguese Communist Party Related topics Bolshevism Leninism Trotskyism See also All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) Anti-communism ( Mass killings ) Cold War Crimes against humanity under Marxist–Leninist regimes ( Mass killings ) Criticism of Marxist–Leninist party rule Marxist schools of thought National Bolshevism New class Post-Marxism–Leninism Red fascism Red Scare ( Second ) Second World State capitalism State socialism State ideology of China State ideology of
966-1002: The Russian Federation Communist Party of the Soviet Union Communist Party of Vietnam French Communist Party Indochinese Communist Party Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party Lao People's Revolutionary Party Nepal Communist Party Party of Labour of Albania Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine Sandinista National Liberation Front Workers' Party of Korea Related topics Bolshevism All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) Anti-communism Mass killings Crimes against humanity under communist regimes Mass killings Criticism of communist party rule Cult of personality Leninism Marxism–Leninism–Maoism Marxist schools of thought National Bolshevism New class Post-communism Red fascism Red Scare Second Second World State capitalism State socialism Trotskyism State ideology of China State ideology of
SECTION 20
#17330940934711012-2380: The Soviet Union Great Purge Spanish Civil War Great Patriotic War Greek Civil War Cold War Eastern Bloc Chinese Communist Revolution China ( 1949–1976 1976–1989 1989–2002 2002–present ) Tito–Stalin split Korean War De-Stalinization Warsaw Pact Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution Non-Aligned Movement Vietnam War Albanian–Soviet split Sino-Soviet split Hungarian Revolution of 1956 Great Leap Forward Portuguese Colonial War Black Power movement Nicaraguan Revolution Cultural Revolution Prague Spring Naxalite insurgency New People's Army rebellion Maoist insurgency in Turkey Sino-Albanian split Internal conflict in Peru Nepalese Civil War Revolutions of 1989 By country Afghanistan Albania Angola Benin Bulgaria Cambodia ( Democratic Kampuchea People's Republic of Kampuchea ) China Congo Cuba Czechoslovakia ( Czechia Slovakia ) East Germany Ethiopia Grenada Hungary Laos Mongolia Mozambique North Korea Poland Romania Somalia Soviet Union ( Armenia Azerbaijan Byelarus Estonia Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lithuania Moldova Russia Tajikistan Turkmenistan Ukraine Uzbekistan ) Vietnam Yemen Yugoslavia ( Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Macedonia Montenegro Serbia Slovenia ) Organizations Albanian Party of Labour Comecon Comintern Chinese Communist Party Communist Party of Brazil Communist Party of Cuba Communist Party of India Communist Party of India (Marxist) Communist Party of Kampuchea Communist Party of
1058-2042: The Soviet Union Industrialization in the Soviet Union Great Purge Spanish Civil War World War II Great Patriotic War Greek Civil War Cold War Eastern Bloc Chinese Revolution China 1949–1976 1976–1989 1989–2002 2002–present Korean War Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution De-Stalinization Warsaw Pact Non-Aligned Movement Vietnam War Sino-Soviet split Hungarian Revolution of 1956 Great Leap Forward Portuguese Colonial War Black power movement Nicaraguan Revolution Cultural Revolution Prague Spring Naxalite insurgency Revolutions of 1989 Nepalese Civil War By country Afghanistan Albania Angola Benin Bulgaria Cambodia 1975–79 1979–92 China Congo Cuba Czechoslovakia Czechia Slovakia East Germany Ethiopia Grenada Hungary Laos Mongolia Mozambique North Korea Poland Romania Somalia South Yemen Soviet Union Armenia Azerbaijan Byelarus Estonia Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lithuania Moldova Russia Tajikistan Turkmenistan Ukraine Uzbekistan Vietnam Yugoslavia Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Macedonia Montenegro Serbia Slovenia Organizations Comecon Comintern Chinese Communist Party Communist Party of Cuba Communist Party of India Communist Party of Kampuchea Communist Party of
1104-487: The Soviet Union Third-Worldism Totalitarianism [REDACTED] Communism portal [REDACTED] Politics portal [REDACTED] Socialism portal v t e Leader of a communist party; de facto leader of one-party communist states The title of General Secretary or First Secretary is commonly used for
1150-3927: The Soviet Union Third-Worldism Totalitarianism [REDACTED] Socialism portal [REDACTED] Communism portal v t e Leaders of socialist states espousing Marxism–Leninism [REDACTED] People's Republic of China Xi Jinping , General Secretary and state representative Li Qiang , head of government Zhao Leji , head of legislature ( Chinese Communist Party ) [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Republic of Cuba Miguel Díaz-Canel , First Secretary and head of state Manuel Marrero Cruz , head of government Esteban Lazo Hernández , head of legislature ( Communist Party of Cuba ) [REDACTED] Lao People's Democratic Republic Thongloun Sisoulith , General Secretary and head of state Sonexay Siphandone , head of government Saysomphone Phomvihane , head of legislature ( Lao People's Revolutionary Party ) [REDACTED] Socialist Republic of Vietnam Tô Lâm , General Secretary Lương Cường , head of state Phạm Minh Chính , head of government Trần Thanh Mẫn , head of legislature ( Communist Party of Vietnam ) v t e Leaders of socialist states not espousing Marxism–Leninism [REDACTED] People's Democratic Republic of Algeria Abdelmadjid Tebboune , Head of state Nadir Larbaoui , Head of government [REDACTED] [REDACTED] People's Republic of Bangladesh Mohammed Shahabuddin Chuppu , Head of state Muhammad Yunus , Head of government [REDACTED] State of Eritrea Isaias Afwerki , Head of state and government [REDACTED] Republic of Guinea-Bissau Umaro Sissoco Embaló , Head of state Nuno Gomes Nabiam , Head of government [REDACTED] Co-operative Republic of Guyana Irfaan Ali , Head of state and government Mark Phillips , Deputy Head of government [REDACTED] Republic of India Droupadi Murmu , Head of state Narendra Modi , Head of government [REDACTED] Democratic People's Republic of Korea Kim Jong Un , General Secretary and Head of state Kim Tok-hun , Head of government [REDACTED] Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal Ram Chandra Poudel , Head of state KP Sharma Oli , Head of government [REDACTED] Republic of Nicaragua Daniel Ortega , Head of state and government [REDACTED] Rebel Zapatista Autonomous Municipalities Councils of Good Government , Local leadership [REDACTED] Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Brahim Ghali , Head of state Bouchraya Hammoudi Bayoun , Head of government [REDACTED] Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Anura Kumara Dissanayake , Head of state and government [REDACTED] Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria Îlham Ehmed and Mansur Selum , Co-Presidents Amina Omar and Riad Darar , Co-Chairs [REDACTED] United Republic of Tanzania Samia Suluhu , Head of state Kassim Majaliwa , Head of government [REDACTED] Wa State Bao Youxiang , Head of state and government Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Secretary_of_the_Communist_Party&oldid=1250414528 " Categories : General secretaries of communist parties General secretaries Leaders of political parties Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description
1196-648: The country. RTÉ Broadcaster Mr Derek Davis was the host at one of the sessions for the forum in Kilmainham. The forum held discussions on the EU Constitution , and debates around Ireland, it also hosted events where politicians spoke in favour the Constitution. After the rejection by the people of France and the Netherlands, the forum or government did not support a referendum on the EU Constitution. A proposal in
1242-547: The economy Democratic centralism Dialectical logic Dialectical materialism Foco Intensification of the class struggle under socialism Labor aristocracy Marxist–Leninist atheism New Soviet man One-party state Partiinost' People's democracy Popular front Proletarian internationalism Protracted people's war Self-criticism Social fascism Socialism in one country Socialist patriotism Soviet Yugoslav State Socialist Theory of
1288-480: The economy Developed socialism Dialectical logic Dialectical materialism Foco Labour aristocracy Marxist–Leninist atheism Partiinost' Popular front Proletarian internationalism Self-criticism Social fascism Socialism in one country Socialist patriotism Soviet Yugoslav Theory of the productive forces Third Period Wars of national liberation Class system Dictatorship of
1334-486: The funeral. General Secretary of the Communist Party From Misplaced Pages, the 💕 Part of a series on Marxism–Leninism [REDACTED] Concepts Administrative-command system Anti-imperialism Anti-revisionism Central planning Soviet-type economic planning Collective farming Collective leadership Commanding heights of
1380-438: The leaders of most communist parties . When a communist party is the ruling party of a socialist state —often labeled as communist states by external observers—the general secretary is typically the country's de facto leader. It is not uncommon for this leader to also assume state-level positions, such as president or premiership , thereby also becoming the de jure leader of the state. The position of general secretary
1426-560: The original (PDF) on 24 May 2023 . Retrieved 21 July 2023 . ^ "Cuba leadership: Díaz-Canel named Communist Party chief" . BBC News . 19 April 2021. Archived from the original on 13 November 2023 . Retrieved 13 November 2023 . ^ "Vietnam: To Lam confirmed as country's top leader" . DW News . 3 August 2024. Archived from the original on 3 August 2024 . Retrieved 4 August 2024 . ^ "Communist party of Laos names PM Thongloun as new leader -state media" . Reuters . 15 January 2021. Archived from
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1472-592: The original on 13 November 2023 . Retrieved 13 November 2023 . ^ Kim, Jack (11 April 2012). "N.Korea's Kim Jong-un named party "first secretary" " . Reuters . Archived from the original on 13 November 2023 . Retrieved 13 November 2023 . v t e Marxism–Leninism Concepts Administrative-command system Aggravation of class struggle under socialism Anti-imperialism Anti-fascism Anti-revisionism Central planning Soviet-type economic planning Commanding heights of
1518-2491: The productive forces Third Period Vanguardism Wars of national liberation Unified power Variants Castroism Guevarism Ho Chi Minh Thought Hoxhaism Husakism Kádárism Khrushchevism Maoism Socialism with Chinese characteristics Stalinism Titoism People Vladimir Lenin Joseph Stalin Mao Zedong Ernst Thälmann Khorloogiin Choibalsan Ehmetjan Qasim José Díaz Maurice Thorez Palmiro Togliatti Ho Chi Minh Võ Nguyên Giáp Earl Browder Nikita Khrushchev Walter Ulbricht Josip Broz Tito Mátyás Rákosi Lazar Kaganovich Georgi Dimitrov Bolesław Bierut Valko Chervenkov Klement Gottwald Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej Enver Hoxha Kaysone Phomvihane Khalid Bakdash Leonid Brezhnev Deng Xiaoping Pol Pot Nikos Zachariadis Che Guevara Fidel Castro Agostinho Neto Lúcio Lara Mengistu Haile Mariam Kim Il Sung Chin Peng Hardial Bains Sanzō Nosaka Nicolae Ceaușescu Gustáv Husák János Kádár Erich Honecker Władysław Gomułka Samora Machel Thomas Sankara Mathieu Kérékou Siad Barre Nur Muhammad Taraki Alfonso Cano Rohana Wijeweera Gus Hall Harry Pollitt Harpal Brar Gennady Zyuganov Xi Jinping Wojciech Jaruzelski Todor Zhivkov Theoretical works Foundations of Leninism Dialectical and Historical Materialism The History of
1564-409: The proletariat People's democratic dictatorship People's democratic state National-democratic state Socialist state State of socialist orientation Socialist state of the whole people Political system Central committee Civilian control of the military Collective leadership Cult of personality Democratic centralism General Secretary of
1610-574: The spectrum in Ireland , Great Britain and further afield. Among these were dozens of members of the Oireachtas (Irish Parliament), MEPs and local politicians. Garland also received support from the entertainment industry including musicians Pete Seeger , Christy Moore , Alabama 3 and John Spillane . Garland's supporters pointed out that the 77-year-old had been diagnosed from a number of serious medical conditions including diabetes and bowel cancer . On 21 December 2011, Justice John A. Edwards in
1656-611: The subjects of well-known republican ballads , were shot and fatally wounded. Under fire, Garland carried South on his shoulders in an unsuccessful attempt to save his friend's life. Seriously wounded, he was subsequently hospitalised for a number of weeks and was then jailed in Mountjoy Prison . In November 1957, while in Mountjoy, Garland was an unsuccessful candidate in the Dublin North-Central by-election. Upon his release, he
1702-577: Was interned in the Curragh , but was released in 1959. Garland returned to IRA service on his release and was sent to Belfast to liaise with the then largely inactive units in the city. He was arrested while trying to return to Dublin and sentenced in November 1959 to four years in Crumlin Road Gaol where he subsequently became officer commanding (O.C.) of the IRA prisoners. In the 1960s, Garland became
1748-559: Was arrested in Belfast by British Special Air Service following an extradition application issued by U.S. authorities. He had been attending the Workers' Party Ardfheis /Annual Conference at the time. The United States authorities alleged that Garland had been involved in the distribution and resale of counterfeited U.S. dollars – so-called " superdollars " or "supernotes" – in 1998 in Belarus ,
1794-569: Was badly wounded in the attack. In 1977, Garland was elected general secretary of Official Sinn Féin. In the same year, he successfully proposed that the party be renamed Sinn Féin the Workers Party . In 1982, he proposed that the prefix Sinn Féin be dropped from the party name to become simply the Workers' Party . In 1999 Garland was allegedly observed visiting the North Korean embassy in Moscow . It
1840-400: Was its National Treasurer. Garland was subsequently arrested in Dublin in 2009 and the application by the U.S. to extradite him was heard in 2011. The campaign against his extradition continued, bringing in a number of prominent individuals from outside the Workers' Party including its Honorary Chairman Chris Hudson . It sought and received support from numerous political figures from across
1886-759: Was openly involved in shootings and bombings of military and civilian targets but declared a ceasefire in May 1972. Despite this, the Official IRA continued to carry out shootings and robberies during the 1970s and was engaged in a number of feuds with the Provisional IRA and the Irish National Liberation Army (INLA). On 1 March 1975 in Ballymun , Dublin, Garland survived an INLA assassination attempt while returning home with his wife Mary to his Ballymun home. He
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1932-434: Was subsequently alleged that he visited to collect forged U.S. dollars which, with the help of associates, would be transported to Dublin and Birmingham where the notes would be exchanged for pounds or authentic dollars. The US authorities announced that this scheme, which they said involved several international crime syndicates and transactions worth millions of dollars, had been uncovered in "Operation Mali". Garland
1978-507: Was the Workers' Party representative at the National Forum on Europe . In 2000, he was elected president of the Workers' Party. In 1988 Sean Garland asked the KGB to provide "special training" to up to five members of the Workers' Party in order to improve party security. This request was made through the KGB station chief in Dublin, with whom Garland had "confidential contacts". The Chairman of
2024-468: Was therefore obliged to refer the case to the Director of Public Prosecutions who would consider whether there was a case for prosecuting Garland in Ireland. On 29 May 2012, Garland spoke at the funeral of his comrade Noel Cullen, alongside Cullen's son Jake. Noel Cullen was a key figure in The Workers Party who died of cancer at the age of 52. Garland spoke on his friend's passion, humanity, and quest for knowledge before handing Jake and Noel's daughter Ríona
2070-405: Was unanimously re-elected as President of The Workers' Party and in a keynote address to the party membership gathered in Dublin, he vowed to fight any attempt to extradite him to the United States. In 2008 he announced his intention to retire from the presidency and was replaced in the position on 17 May 2008 by Mick Finnegan . Garland remained a member of the party's Central Executive Committee and
2116-462: Was used as a platform for discussion on the treaty. In April 2009 the forum was closed by a taoiseach Brian Cowen , the decision was controversial and condemned by a variety of groups, particularly those who campaigned against the Lisbon treaty, such as the Peoples Movement, The Workers Party, and others such as the European Anti Poverty Network which saw it as a useful forum for debate on European issues not confined to referendums. Spokesperson for
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