A unitary authority is a local authority responsible for all local government functions within its area or performing additional functions that elsewhere are usually performed by a higher level of sub-national government or the national government.
51-512: Cleethorpes ( / ˈ k l iː θ ɔːr p s / ) is a seaside town on the estuary of the Humber in North East Lincolnshire , Lincolnshire , England with a population of 29,678 in 2021. It has been permanently occupied since the 6th century, with fishing as its original industry, then developing into a resort in the 19th century. Before becoming a unified town, Cleethorpes was made up of
102-479: A council or other authority. An authority can be a unit of a county or combined authority . In Canada, each province creates its own system of local government, so terminology varies substantially. In certain provinces (e.g. Alberta , Nova Scotia ) there is only one level of local government in that province, so no special term is used to describe the situation. British Columbia has only one such municipality, Northern Rockies Regional Municipality , which
153-515: A fishing village. By the time of the 1801 census the population was 284. The 1820s saw the first developments of Cleethorpes as a health holiday resort , with sea-bathing and the taking of medicinal waters becoming fashionable. By 1831 the population had increased to 497. In 1842 the Cleethorpes Enclosure Bill was enacted. 2,100 acres (8.5 km) of land were divided among land owners and eight new roads developed. In 1848 Cleethorpes
204-681: A single tier of local government with some functions shared between groups of adjacent authorities. A single-tier system has existed in Northern Ireland since 1973. For many years the description of the number of tiers in UK local government arrangements has routinely ignored any current or previous bodies at the lowest level of authorities elected by the voters within their area such as parish (in England and Wales) or community councils; such bodies do not exist or have not existed in all areas. Northern Ireland
255-605: A venue for a variety of events, was demolished in 2007 and replaced by 47 flats. During a mass boycott of punk bands in the 1970s the Winter Gardens was just one of five U.K. venues that allowed the likes of the Clash, AC/DC and the Sex Pistols to perform. The old mini steam railway running from the seafront Leisure centre to St Anthony's bank has been extended and significantly improved whilst a cafe, taphouse, and gallery has been added to
306-438: A wider parish called Clee (centred on Old Clee ) named from clee , an old form of the word clay . The name Cleethorpes is of comparatively recent origin, combining the parish Clee with thorp , an Old English / Old Norse word for "village". The earliest attestations are 1552 for singular Clethorpe (meaning Itterby) and 1588 for plural Clethorpes (including Oole, adjacent to Itterby; later also Thrunscoe slightly to
357-718: A woman fell to her death on 9 January 2009. In 2007 the town was the Royal Horticultural Societies Britain in Bloom award winner in the coastal category. The town was also received a Silver-Gilt award, a Tourism Award (for Lollipop Road Train) and Jeff Blanchard the Shredded Wheat Community Champions award. A statue of the Boy with the Leaking Boot was given to the town in 1918 by John Carlborn. It
408-629: Is a bus service to Skegness, via Louth , which runs once a day on weekends in the summer. The Cleethorpes area is served by the following roads: Secondary schools in Cleethorpes include Cleethorpes Academy and Beacon Academy . From September 2011, N.E. Lincolnshire SSP was the only remaining School Sports Partnership after government funding cuts. The parish church is St Peter's, built in 1866. Other churches are St Francis of Assisi on Sandringham Road, and Holy Trinity and St Mary's Church in Old Clee,
459-559: Is a territorial collectivity, with legal personality and fiscal autonomy. In New Zealand , a unitary authority is a territorial authority (district, city or metropolitan area) that also performs the functions of a regional council (first-level division). There are five unitary authorities, they are (with the year they were constituted): Gisborne District Council (1989), Tasman District Council (1992), Nelson City Council (1992), Marlborough District Council (1992), and Auckland Council (2010). The Chatham Islands , located east of
510-603: Is divided into eleven districts for local government purposes. In Northern Ireland local councils have no responsibility for education, road building or housing (though they do nominate members to the advisory Northern Ireland Housing Council ). Their functions include waste and recycling services , leisure and community services, building control and local economic and cultural development. Since their reorganisation in 2015 councils in Northern Ireland have also taken on responsibility for planning functions. The collection of rates
561-534: Is handled by the Land and Property Services agency. Local authorities in Scotland are unitary in nature but not in name. The Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994 created a single tier of local government throughout Scotland. On 1 April 1996, 32 local government areas, each with a council , replaced the previous two-tier structure , which had regional, islands and district councils. Comhairle nan Eilean Siar (formerly
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#1732868885535612-651: Is not subdivided into cantons , but its 20 districts are considered equivalent. The department councils of the two departments of Corsica and of the region merged into a unitary authority, officially a collectivité territoriale . Its area of competence covers the whole administrative region and the two administrative departments (which were kept at state level with their two prefectures and their respective subprefectures for state-managed services). The overseas departements and regions were all proposed to merge their single departmental council ( conseil départemental ) coexisting with their regional council ( conseil régional ) on
663-512: Is physically linked to the neighbouring town of Grimsby by built up residential estates and the villages of Old Clee and Weelsby are also contiguous with the two towns. As with most of the British Isles , Cleethorpes experiences a maritime climate . It has mild summers and cool winters. The average annual rainfall is amongst the lowest in the British Isles. Cleethorpes railway station
714-683: Is reported that he was a Swedish immigrant to Cleethorpes who had built up a successful shipping business, and that the statue was a copy of one in the Hasselbacken Restaurant in Stockholm , Sweden. The Cleethorpes statue now stands in a pond in the Diana Princess of Wales Memorial Gardens, on Kingsway. It was stolen and replaced in 2002 and 2008, and vandalised in October 2011. In July 2012, two youths were recorded on CCTV as they frolicked naked in
765-474: Is served by two train operating companies : Trains to London King's Cross , Peterborough , Leeds , Bradford Interchange , York , Newcastle and Edinburgh are available by travelling to Doncaster and changing there. Connections to Lincoln , Nottingham and Leicester are available by changing at Grimsby Town, for services run by East Midlands Railway. Bus services to Grimsby, Immingham and nearby villages are operated by Stagecoach East Midlands . There
816-481: Is situated on the southern side of the Humber estuary in North East Lincolnshire - a unitary authority area in the North of England . The Greenwich meridian passes through the town and a signpost shows some distances to worldwide locations. North Pole 4,051 km (2,517 mi), South Pole 15,963 km (9,919 mi), New York City 5,602 km (3,481 mi), London 230 km (140 mi). Cleethorpes
867-733: Is the equivalent term for a city with the competences of both the Gemeinde (municipality) and the Kreis (district, literally circle ) administrative level. The directly elected chief executive officer of a kreisfreie Stadt is called Oberbürgermeister (literally Superior Burgomaster , in English "Chief Mayor" or "Lord Mayor"). The British counties have no directly corresponding counterpart in Germany. This German system corresponds to statutory cities in Austria and in
918-601: The Council of the Isles of Scilly or any other single-tier authority formed under the older legislation and not since given the status of a unitary authority. This is distinct from the two-tier system of local government which still exists in most of England, where local government functions are divided between county councils (the upper tier) and district or borough councils. Until 1996 two-tier systems existed in Scotland and Wales , but these have now been replaced by systems based on
969-595: The Humber Estuary ; thus the sea at Cleethorpes is the mouth of the Humber. There are several hundred metres of sand at low tide. The sea front provides views of shipping traffic entering and leaving the Humber for the ports of Grimsby, Immingham , Hull and Goole . Two large fortifications, the Humber Forts , are visible in the mouth of the river. On a clear day, the lighthouse situated on Spurn Point can be seen with
1020-511: The Local Government (Wales) Act 1994 as " principal councils ", and their areas as principal areas . Various other legislation (e.g. s.91(1) Environment Act 1995 ) includes the counties and county boroughs of Wales within their individual interpretations of the phrase "unitary authority" as an interpretive not a definitive description. In s.2 of the Act each council formed for a county is allocated
1071-751: The South Island , have a council with its own special legislation, constituted (1995) with powers similar to those of a regional authority. In Poland , a miasto na prawach powiatu , or shortly powiat grodzki ( city with powiat rights , or urban county in short) is a, typically big, city which is also responsible for district (poviat) administrative level, being part of no other powiat (e.g. Kraków , Łódź , Wrocław , Poznań ). In total, 65 cities in Poland have this status. Most cities in Taiwan , in contrast to counties , have only one tier of local government. Unlike
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#17328688855351122-698: The Czech Republic . Until 1 January 2007, the municipalities of Copenhagen , Frederiksberg and Bornholm were not a part of a Danish county . The city of Paris works like a department council and a municipal council. Administratively at state level, it is both a department with a single departmental arrondissement (not to be confused with the 20 city districts of Paris, or arrondissements municipaux , which are local subdivisions existing in very populated municipalities, including Paris, Lyon and Marseille, with their own arrondissement councils and arrondissement mayors also elected during municipal elections), however
1173-704: The Midlands 4 East (NE). Cleethorpes cricket ground, known as Cleethorpes Sports Ground , is located on Chichester Road. It hosts professional games such as the 20/20 cup and various county games played by Lincolnshire County Cricket Club , and the Vagabonds cricket team. Cleethorpes Town F.C. play in the Northern Premier League - South East Division. Their home matches are played at the Linden Homes Club, Clee Road, Grimsby. The old Cleethorpes bathing pool
1224-746: The Western Isles Council) uses the alternative Gaelic designation Comhairle . While the phrase "unitary authority" is not used in Scottish legislation (whether from the Scottish Parliament or the UK Parliament), the term can be encountered (used either descriptively or erroneously) in a few official publications and in (usually erroneous) use by United Kingdom government departments. Local authorities in Wales are unitary in nature but are described by
1275-540: The administrative department (which is still subdivided into two subprefectures, one of which includes the métropole). So the metropole is not a unitary authority, and no longer an EPCI (like other French metropoles), but it has a specific status, considered equivalent to a department council, except that its seats are elected during the municipal French elections (at the same time as its municipal councils in each member commune ), and that (like departments and regions, but unlike other French EPCI's including other metropoles) it
1326-405: The area, including Immingham and Barton-upon-Humber. Prior to 1997, Cleethorpes had been included in the constituencies of Brigg and Cleethorpes , Louth (Lincolnshire) and Grimsby . Since 1945, the members of parliament for Cleethorpes have been as follows: Since 1996 Cleethorpes has formed an unparished area in the unitary borough of North East Lincolnshire . Cleethorpes comprises three of
1377-565: The boating lake, many ducks and geese use the boating lake to breed making it a pleasant place to visit. A large open air show ground has been built close to the eastern end of the boating lake often showing live bands and hosting special events, most notably hosting the London 2012 Olympic torch relay. A new RNLI station is set to be completed on the Central Promenade by 2025. Cleethorpes is twinned with Königswinter , Germany . Cleethorpes
1428-519: The borough's sixteen wards: Croft Baker, Haverstoe and Sidney Sussex. Each ward returns three councillors, so Cleethorpes is represented by 9 of 42 members of the council. Cleethorpes does not have its own town council; however, the nine councillors form the Charter Trustees of the Town of Cleethorpes. North East Lincolnshire Council has three Council Wards within the area of Cleethorpes. As of 3 May 2018,
1479-760: The collective term 'unitary administration' to describe all local government areas which operate as unitary authorities. In England , "unitary authorities" are those local authorities set up in accordance with the Local Government Changes for England Regulations 1994 made under powers conferred by the Local Government Act 1992 to form a single tier of local government in specified areas and which are responsible for almost all local government functions within such areas. While outwardly appearing to be similar, single-tier authorities formed using older legislation are not unitary authorities thus excluding e.g.
1530-710: The councillors are: Key: (L) = Labour Party (C) = Conservative Party Local news and television programmes are provided by BBC Yorkshire and Lincolnshire and ITV Yorkshire . Television signals are received from the Belmont TV transmitter. The town's local radio stations are BBC Radio Humberside on 95.9 FM, Hits Radio East Yorkshire & North Lincolnshire (formerly Viking FM) on 96.9 FM, Hits Radio Lincolnshire (formerly Lincs FM) and Greatest Hits Radio Yorkshire (formerly Compass FM ) on 96.4 FM. Local newspapers are Grimsby Telegraph and Grimsby & Cleethorpes Advertiser . The seaside resort of Cleethorpes lies on
1581-492: The linking of the town by railway with industrial towns in Yorkshire . Cleethorpes Pier opened in 1873 and the promenade in 1885. Cleethorpes with Thrunscoe was created as a Local Board of Health District in 1873, and under the Local Government Act of 1894 it became an urban district . Its headquarters was established at Cleethorpes Town Hall in 1905. In 1916 the urban district was renamed Cleethorpes , and in 1922 and 1927
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1632-558: The municipalities (known as New England towns ) are the only governing tier below the state government, though the former counties still exist in the ceremonial sense. In some areas, the reverse is true; for example, Howard County, Maryland and Arlington County, Virginia , are examples of counties that, despite being densely developed, have no municipalities and are thus the only tier of general-purpose local government. In Virginia, all municipalities with city status are, by definition, independent from any county. Three other cities across
1683-552: The naked eye from the North Beach. There is a Royal National Lifeboat Institution station near the pier and next to the Coastguard on Central Promenade. Work began on a new, larger RNLI station in 2022. Cleethorpes Rescue also protect the beach. Cleethorpes has a large boating lake with many varieties of ducks, swans and geese. There is also a 62.01-hectare (153.2-acre) local nature reserve: Cleethorpes Country Park, situated between
1734-467: The oldest building (built 950 AD) in Grimsby. Christ Church of Cleethorpes, near Machray Place, is also one of the larger parishes. Cleethorpes is home to Blundell Park , the home ground of Grimsby Town ; they are one of few English League clubs with a town or city name to have their home ground in a different community. There is an athletics club and Cleethorpes Rugby Union Football Club who play in
1785-542: The past few years. Seaside town Too Many Requests If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.133 via cp1102 cp1102, Varnish XID 107634630 Upstream caches: cp1102 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Fri, 29 Nov 2024 08:28:05 GMT Unitary authority Typically unitary authorities cover towns or cities which are large enough to function independently of
1836-512: The pond and destroyed the fountain. A replacement statue was made by a local garden ornaments manufacturer and installed with improved security in September 2012. A nearby pub was named The Leaking Boot , but was destroyed by fire in June 2009. In 2019, a community alleyway on Kew Road was vandalized. The alley is known for hosting Cleethorpes In Bloom competition, and was a recipient of many awards over
1887-403: The prefecture of Paris is split between the prefecture of police of Paris (which covers the three other surrounding departments in the first ring) and the department prefecture (which is also the region prefecture, whose competence on police does not cover the four departments of Paris and the small ring). As the department of Paris has no department council elected during departmental elections, it
1938-415: The resort and the village of Humberston. To the south of Cleethorpes, near Humberston, is a yacht club. The Cleethorpes Leisure Centre was opened in 1983 to replace the open bathing pool that was wrecked by storms on 11 January 1978. The leisure centre contains a 33-metre pool, 1.8 metres deep, as well as a water slide and a wave machine. The building also contains a gym and a sports hall. In 2012, major work
1989-561: The respective English and Welsh descriptions of " County Council " or " Cyngor Sir ", each council formed for a County Borough is allocated the respective descriptions of "County Borough Council" or " Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol "; in all cases the shorter alternative forms "Council" or "Cyngor" can be used. There are several types of single-tier governments in the United States. In the states of Connecticut , Rhode Island , and much of Massachusetts , county government has been abolished, and
2040-704: The same territory (at state level they are unified as DROM for their prefectures) into a collectivité unique . The proposal was rejected by local referendum in Guadeloupe and in Réunion , but this occurred in Martinique and French Guiana whose former departemental and regional councils were merged into a single unitary authority named assemblée , elected during departmental elections. Mayotte with its newer status of department chose to keep this designation for its unitary authority, named departmental council (no regional council
2091-507: The south). Whilst there are Neolithic and Bronze Age remains in the area, permanent occupation appears to date from the 6th century, with substantial communities appearing only in the 9th century when the Danes arrived. The manor of Itterby was purchased in 1616 by the trustees of Peter Blundell 's charity for the benefit of scholars and fellows at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge from Blundell's School , Tiverton. Cleethorpes developed as
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2142-513: The three county-administered cities ( Chiayi , Keelung , and Hsinchu ), they are independent of their surrounding county. Special municipalities , with the exception of a few mountain indigenous districts within them, are also unitary. Each of the four countries of the United Kingdom uses a different term to describe their unitary authorities. However, the Office for National Statistics uses
2193-506: The three small villages of Itterby, Oole and Thrunscoe. The town lies on the Greenwich meridian and its average annual rainfall is amongst the lowest in the British Isles . In 2021, The Trainline named Cleethorpes beach the second best seaside destination in the UK that is reachable by train, just behind Margate. Before becoming a unified town, Cleethorpes was made up of three small villages: Itterby, Oole and Thrunscoe, which were part of
2244-539: The town's boundaries were extended to include part of Humberston (as far as North Sea Lane) and the Beacon Hill area of Weelsby parish. In 1936 Cleethorpes was granted a charter of incorporation to become a municipal borough . Cleethorpes successfully resisted attempts by Grimsby to absorb it and in 1974 it became the Borough of Cleethorpes within the new county of Humberside . However, when Humberside County Council
2295-550: Was abolished in 1996, Cleethorpes Borough Council was joined with Grimsby Borough Council as the unitary authority of North East Lincolnshire. In 2009 North East Lincolnshire Council agreed to market the towns of Grimsby, Immingham and Cleethorpes, under the 'Greater Grimsby' banner. Local residents from Lincolnshire and the Yorkshire and Humber area affectionately refer to Cleethorpes and its residents as Meggies . Cleethorpes can also be known as "down beach". The Winter Gardens ,
2346-487: Was carried out to the roof of the building due to water damage. Ross Castle, a mock ruin of a castle built in 1885 by the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway , was named after Edward Ross, secretary of the railway company. Its height was the highest point on the cliffs. After a period of closure, the castle was renovated, re-opening in June 2008 to the public. Possibilities of a further closure have been raised after
2397-407: Was demolished and replaced in the eighties with a modern leisure centre. Facilities include a large indoor wave pool, badminton and squash courts, a gym and sports hall. The local badminton club meets here. A greyhound racing track was opened around the outside of the stock car racing track in 1981, which was on the site of the former Cleethorpes Marineland & Zoo which closed in 1977. The racing
2448-414: Was described as "...much resorted to as a bathing-place, for which it is highly eligible; the air is pure, the scenery good and besides a few lodging-houses and smaller inns, there is a large hotel, built some years since, on an eminence embracing extensive views of the sea, the Humber, and the Yorkshire coast. Many of the population are employed in the oyster -fisheries." The resort expanded following
2499-470: Was established in 2009. In Ontario the term single-tier municipalities is used, for a similar concept. Their character varies, and while most function as cities with no upper level of government, some function as counties or regional municipalities with no lower municipal subdivisions below them. They exist as individual census divisions , as well as separated municipalities . In Germany, kreisfreie Stadt ( lit. ' circle-free city ' )
2550-405: Was ever created), but which also has the competence of a regional council (plus a few specific competences transferred from the state like other French overseas). The Métropole de Lyon was created as a metropole from an earlier EPCI ( public establishment of intercommunal cooperation ) but gained the competences of the departmental council. The departmental council of Rhône only covers the rest of
2601-575: Was independent (not affiliated to the sports governing body the National Greyhound Racing Club NGRC) and was known as a flapping track , which was the nickname given to independent tracks. In 1983, there were plans to build new kennels and join the NGRC but racing only lasted until midway through 1986. The stock cars closed in the mid-1990s. Cleethorpes is currently part of Great Grimsby and Cleethorpes , which also includes other towns in
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