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40-813: He also served as Leader of the Opposition from 2011 to 2014 and as Secretary-General of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) from 2012 to 2014. He obtained a PhD in Organic Chemistry at the Complutense University of Madrid . He was born in Solares village, municipality of Medio Cudeyo , in the province of Santander . Moved at age 3 to Madrid with his family, he studied at the Colegio del Pilar . Rubalcaba's early involvement in politics began in

80-668: A helicopter crash and visit those deployed due to an earthquake. At the NATO summit in Lisbon in 2010, she informed that the Spanish Armed Forces would start the transference of two Afghan provinces under their control in 2011, three years before the established date by the Alliance for the retreat of the troops. As a minister, the country's Emergency State of the democracy was decreed for the air traffic controllers' crisis in 2010. She also chaired

120-694: A lecturer of constitutional law at the University of Girona between 1994 and 2004. Chacón was a member of the Socialists' Party of Catalonia (PSC) and Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) since 1994. She was first elected as a PSOE member of parliament for Barcelona in the 2000 election. In the same year, she became vice-president of the Spanish Congress of Deputies ( Lower House ) in José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero 's legislature and she

160-454: A party congress was held in February 1987, he was acknowledged as Opposition Leader on his own right. This lasted until he was defeated by Antonio Hernández Mancha in the 1987 AP congress, which prompted his resignation as the party's parliamentary speaker and leader on 8 February 1987. Hernández Mancha became Leader of the Opposition, but was hampered by the fact of him not being a deputy at

200-500: A severe stroke after teaching in the university. He died two days later aged 67 and PSOE cancelled all the acts of the first day of the campaign for local elections. He had a funeral with state honors at the Congress of Deputies. Leader of the Opposition (Spain) The Leader of the Opposition ( Spanish : Líder de la oposición ) is an unofficial, mostly conventional and honorary title frequently (but not exclusively) held by

240-633: The Complutense University of Madrid and, in addition, he joined the editorial board of the Spanish newspaper El País , of which he was part until July 2018. Amid the 2019 Madrid City Council election , on 26 December 2018 he rejected the proposal of Pedro Sánchez to be the PSOE candidate for mayor of Madrid . Rubalcaba was admitted to the Puerta de Hierro Hospital, in Majadahonda , on 8 May 2019 when he had suffered

280-631: The Prime Minister and the chairman of the largest party not within the government. However, such meetings are carried out mostly at the Prime Minister's leisure. Before 1983, the figure served only as an informal reference to the "Leader of the Main Opposition Party", who at the time was Felipe González as leader of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party , the main opposition party in Spain during

320-450: The country's transition to democracy until 1982. The first recognized Leader of the Opposition was Manuel Fraga , who in February 1983 was granted such a formal status by the Congress of Deputies Bureau, despite the rejection of several parties. On 1 December 1986, Manuel Fraga resigned as People's Alliance chairman and was replaced in the interim by Miguel Herrero de Miñón . While Herrero de Miñón served as interim AP leader until

360-577: The 38th Federal Congress of PSOE, Chacón lost against Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba 487 to 465 votes. Since PSOE's Extraordinary Congress, celebrated in July 2014, Chacón handled the Socialist party's international relations. When Rubalcaba later announced his resignation after his party's dismal showing in the 2014 European elections , Chacón was widely seen as one of the frontrunners for his replacement, but did not run. She left politics in 2016 to practice law. She

400-559: The Government, accumulating these charges to the head of the Interior portfolio. On 10 January 2011, ETA declared that their September 2010 ceasefire would be permanent and verifiable by international observers. On 20 October 2011, the Basque terrorist group, after 43 years of activity and more than 800 deaths in Spain, announced its definitive cessation of violence. As minister he also had to face

440-518: The Ministry's residence, which has its own kindergarten, so as not to waste time travelling between her home and her workplace. That year surveys results points to her as the most influential minister of Mr Zapatero's cabinet. In 2009, Carme announced the controversial withdrawal of Spanish troops set in Kosovo due to its unrecognizable independence proclamation for the country. Despite the strong opposition of

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480-559: The Opposition is entitled a special office in the Congress of Deputies if he or she is a member of the chamber. In addition, the officeholder usually receives much more attention from the media in parliamentary sessions and activities, such as in the yearly-held State of the Nation Debate. Established precedent has also led for the Leader of the Opposition usually sitting directly across from

520-478: The Prime Minister in the Congress seating plan, so long as he or she has a seat in the Congress of Deputies. While it is not required for a Leader of the Opposition to have a seat in Congress, there have been only three occasions where the recognized officeholder did not have such a seat: Even with the absence of a law defining the role of the Opposition Leader, it is customary to conduct update meetings between

560-428: The Spanish real estate bubble. April 14, 2008, Chacón was named minister of Defence. She became the first female minister of Defence in Spain, which, together with the fact that she was seven months pregnant at the time, was considered a significant development by the press. Interior Minister Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba temporarily took over the defense portfolio when Chacón gave birth. Shortly after she chose to live in

600-534: The US government, the Spanish cabinet agreed with the NATO allies the gradual withdrawal of these troops. In the same year, with the growth of piracy in Somali waters, Carme had to deal with the capture of Alakrana, a Basque trawler. A year after, she justified the delivery of new troops to Afghanistan as she proclaimed there was light at the end of the tunnel. Months later, she travelled to Haiti to decorate dead Spanish soldiers on

640-661: The cabinet led by Spanish Prime Minister José Luís Rodríguez Zapatero as minister of Housing. A year later, she became the first woman to take charge of the Spanish Ministry of Defense. Chacón was born in Esplugues de Llobregat in Catalonia , in the region of Baix Llobregat . She held a bachelor's degree in law from the University of Barcelona , and conducted her postgraduate studies at Osgoode Hall Law School , Kingston University and Laval University . Besides this, she worked as

680-461: The change of direction in the fight against terrorism that led to the end of the violence of ETA . However, several media and political parties accused Rubalcaba of being involved in the Faisán case , about an extortion network of ETA, a fact that has not been verified. After the socialist victory in the general elections of 2008 , Pérez Rubalcaba was renewed in the ministerial portfolio, occupying again

720-668: The electoral strategy of the PSOE . Some political analysts attribute him a decisive role in the socialist victory. After the constitution of the Cortes Generales , Pérez Rubalcaba was appointed Leader of the Socialist Group in the Congress of Deputies . On 11 April 2006 he replaced José Antonio Alonso as head of the Ministry of the Interior . It was in this ministry where he gained popularity within his party, thanks, among other measures, to

760-456: The high accident rate on Spanish roads. His mandate was the most successful in history in reducing the number of fatalities and became a benchmark at European level. As it became assumed that President Zapatero was not going to seek reelection he became favorite to succeed him with Carme Chacón as his only rival in the primaries. Nevertheless, in May 2011, Chacón announced that she was withdrawing from

800-484: The later being officially referred to as the leader of the opposition. However, both Almunia and Borrell kept clashing on leadership issues for months—in a situation referred to as 'bicephaly' —until an agreement between the two parts definitely recognized Borrell the condition of opposition leader in November 1998. He would eventually resign as candidate in May 1999, awarding Almunia the sole and undisputed leadership over

840-482: The leader of the largest party in the Congress of Deputies —the lower house of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales —not within the government. They are usually the person who is expected to lead that party into the next general election. From 31 October 2016 to 18 June 2017, the title was disputed between the two largest parties in the left, the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) and Podemos . The position

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880-484: The list of precedences. By agreement of the Congress Bureau of 28 December 1982, Manuel Fraga was acknowledged as Leader of the Opposition by the PSOE government of Felipe González —himself having unofficially led opposition from 1977 to 1982. Such an agreement, further expanded on 8 February 1983, established a series of conditions for the role and awarded some prerogatives for the officeholder: The Leader of

920-725: The meetings of the EU defence ministers while Spain held the European Union's six-month rotating presidency . During this time, she led the negotiations with EADS about €3.5 billion ($ 4.7 billion) extra funding for the Airbus A400M Atlas military transport. In 2011, the Congreso de los Diputados, the lower house in the Spanish Parliament, adopted a law for the rights and duties of the soldiers (also known as Chacon law ). This law allows

960-571: The party and opposition. The office came again under dispute in 2016, days after a caretaker committee under Javier Fernández had taken control over PSOE as a result of a leadership crisis in October. Podemos ' Pablo Iglesias subsequently self-proclaimed himself as new opposition leader on the basis of his party's strength in Congress being close to PSOE's—67 seats to 84. During Mariano Rajoy 's second investiture debate on 27 October, Spanish media and parliamentarians informally acknowledged Iglesias

1000-485: The position of Minister of the Interior to exercise during the IX Legislature. Between 20 May and 30 June 2008 he assumed the duties of Minister of Defense temporarily during the maternity leave of the head of the department, Carme Chacón , combining these functions with his work in front of Interior. He replaced on 21 October 2010 María Teresa Fernández de la Vega as First Deputy Prime Minister and Spokesperson of

1040-485: The position was again left vacant following an internal PP rebellion, led by Galician and Madrilenian presidents Alberto Núñez Feijóo and Isabel Díaz Ayuso , that resulted in the downfall of Casado as party leader following his abandonment by most of his party's colleagues and other leading members. Carme Chac%C3%B3n Carme Maria Chacón Piqueras ( Catalan pronunciation: [ˈkaɾmə tʃəˈkom piˈkeɾəs] ; March 13, 1971 – April 9, 2017)

1080-526: The race and in June the Party announced that no other candidate had filed and Rubalcaba became the PSOE's candidate to the premiership for the 2011 general elections . On 8 July 2011, he resigned from his duties in the government in order to focus on the general election campaign , which he lost getting the worst results in PSOE's history. He filed to succeed José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero as PSOE's General Secretary and won

1120-465: The race. The general election was held early in November 2011 , in which Zapatero's government was defeated by the People's Party . She left her post and was replaced by new defence minister, Pedro Morenés . In January 2012 she announced her intention to opt for the general secretary of PSOE. According to Chacón, her goal was to "lead a new project" and "raise" the party. However, during the celebration of

1160-412: The role of opposition leader by virtue of Rajoy addressing him as his main rival during a heated dialectical exchange, coupled with PSOE's perceived inability to exercise as opposition after choosing to allow Rajoy's election. The chaos ensuing from the vacancy in the PSOE leadership led to other parties not recognizing a formal opposition leader. Pedro Sánchez nominally re-assumed the title once he

1200-405: The soldiers to have an associative activity and creates a committee or Junta de Personal acting as a link between the Ministry and the troops. After Zapatero announced he was not going to run in the 2012 elections , Chacón was expected to run for her party's leadership during autumn 2011. However, after the failure of the PSOE in 2011 local elections , she announced that she was withdrawing from

1240-400: The time. In 1998, with the People's Party in government, Josep Borrell beat PSOE Secretary General Joaquín Almunia in a party primary to elect the party's candidate to Prime Minister in the subsequent general election . Almunia maintained his post as party leader whereas Borrell was named the party's spokesperson in Congress and was awarded leadership over the parliamentary party, with

Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba - Misplaced Pages Continue

1280-441: The vote, held on 6 February 2012. He received 487 votes against 465 for Carme Chacón. Due to the bad results of the party in the 2014 European Parliament election , on 26 May 2014 he resigned of the office. After a leadership election, Rubalcaba was succeeded by the newly elected Secretary General Pedro Sánchez on 13 July 2014. In September 2016 it was announced that Pérez Rubalcaba rejoined his position as Chemistry professor at

1320-574: The wake of the murder of fellow Colegio del Pilar alumn Enrique Ruano  [ es ] by the Francoist secret police. He obtained a doctorate in chemistry at Complutense University in Madrid , where he went on to become a professor of chemistry, specialising in reaction mechanisms in organic chemistry . He represented Toledo in Congress from 1993 to 1996, Madrid from 1996 until 2004, Cantabria from 2004 to 2008 and, despite not being Andalusian ,

1360-524: The workings of the post are mostly based on custom, protocol and convention. The term of "Leader of the Opposition" is only legally recognized in a Royal Decree passed in 1983 establishing the order of preference of public authorities in general official acts organized by the Crown, Government or the State Administration, acknowledging the figure of Opposition Leader but only to put it in fifteenth place in

1400-598: Was a Spanish lawyer, lecturer and politician who was minister of Defence from 2008 to 2011 in the cabinet led by Spanish Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero . A member of the Spanish Socialist Workers Party (PSOE) from 1994, she was elected member of the Parliament of Catalonia and vice president of the Spanish Congress of Deputies, the lower house in the Spanish Parliament. In 2007, she entered

1440-549: Was appointed Minister of the Presidency and Relations with the Cortes and Spokesperson of the Government until 1996 when his party lost the general election . He was re-elected MP for Madrid . As a Minister he had to face the accusations that involved the government of Felipe González with the GAL paramilitary group . For the 2004 Spanish general election , Rubalcaba was responsible for

1480-497: Was later named minister of Housing after María Antonia Trujillo , before becoming minister of Defence in April 2008. Her parliamentary career started after the general elections of 2000 when she won a seat for the province of Barcelona and went on to be elected as such in different legislations. Whilst José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero's term, Carme replaced María Antonia Trujillo as minister of Housing. When already in charge, she had to face

1520-440: Was left nominally vacant after Mariano Rajoy 's government was ousted in a motion of no confidence on 2 June 2018, until the election of Pablo Casado as new PP leader . From 23 February 2022, the position was again left vacant following the ousting of Casado by most of the leading members of his party, led by Galician and Madrilenian presidents Alberto Núñez Feijóo and Isabel Díaz Ayuso . Not specifically provided legally,

1560-406: Was put forward for the safe parliamentary seat of Cádiz in the 2008 election, which he won. He was also a passionate and practitioner of athletics, reaching the 100 meter run in 11 seconds. Rubalcaba was appointed Secretary of State for Education in 1986 and in 1992 he was promoted to Minister of Education and Science by Prime Minister Felipe González . After the 1993 general election he

1600-458: Was reelected as PSOE leader in June 2017, although he did not have a seat in parliament as a result of him resigning in protest to his party tolerating Rajoy's second government in October 2016. The position was left vacant after Mariano Rajoy was ousted as prime minister in a motion of no confidence on 2 June 2018—with Rajoy himself rejecting to assume the title again—, until the election of Pablo Casado as new PP leader . From 23 February 2022,

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