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44-603: The 2019 European Parliament election in Spain was held on Sunday, 26 May 2019, as part of the EU-wide election to elect the 9th European Parliament . All 54 seats allocated to Spain as per the Treaty of Lisbon —59 after Brexit was formalized on 31 January 2020—were up for election. The election was held simultaneously with regional elections in twelve autonomous communities and local elections all throughout Spain. Held one month after

88-654: A parliamentary group on its own, approximately half a million votes in total were sufficient to send one of the founders, Damian Boeselager , into the European Parliament via a German Volt list. Since June 2019, Volt is part of the group of the Greens/EFA . = In June 2018, the European Council decided to reapportion 27 of the 73 seats which would become vacant in the event of the United Kingdom leaving

132-601: A broader group, including ALDE, but also centrist and centre-left parties outside of ALDE. The European Spring initiated from the Democracy in Europe Movement 2025 ran as a pan-European party alliance with one unified vision for Europe, the European Green New Deal. The most prominent figure is the former Greek minister Yanis Varoufakis , who ran as a candidate in the constituency of Germany, but failed to secure

176-568: A consensus President of the Commission. The two Spitzenkandidaten were discussed, but neither Manfred Weber (EPP), nor Frans Timmermans (PES), who had the backing of many leaders but not of those from the Visegrád Group , had a majority. In the final hours of the vote, the name of Ursula von der Leyen was suggested and agreed to by all governments, with Germany's abstention. The European Parliament elected Ursula von der Leyen as President of

220-460: A new alliance of anti-establishment parties that claim to be neither left nor right. In the 5-month period preceding the 2019 European Parliament elections, the blog byoblu.com, which collaborated with the Five Star Movement (M5S), published deceptive information on Twitter, spreading disinformation during the 2019 European elections. The blog byoblu.com is owned by Claudio Messora, who was

264-536: A process that has to start at least six weeks before the elections. The European Parliament gave its consent on 4 July 2018 and the Act was adopted by the Council on 13 July 2018. However, not all member states ratified the Act prior to the 2019 elections and therefore this election took place in line with the previous rules. The Spitzenkandidat process involves the nomination by European political parties of candidates for

308-449: A seat. Despite garnering approximately one and a half million votes, no representatives who ran DiEM25 were elected, due to the votes being dispersed throughout different EU countries. As a new pan-European party, Volt Europa was founded in different European countries two years before the elections and successfully campaigned in eight EU countries for the elections with one transnational programme. Despite missing its own goal to create

352-498: Is required to form a new group. In November 2018, LREM decided to cooperate with the liberal ALDE Group instead. Nevertheless, Macron stressed that this was merely a loose alliance and his party is not a member of ALDE Party. He bluntly criticised ALDE for accepting donations from the Bayer-Monsanto chemical group while LREM's campaign chief threatened to recall the alliance. In April and May 2019, LREM continued its efforts to build

396-404: Is the abstract entity that has produced the laws. When there is room for interpretation , the intent of the legislator will be questioned, and the court is directed to rule in the direction it judges to best fit the legislative intent, which can be difficult in the case of conflicting laws or constitutional provisions. The local term for a legislator is usually a derivation of the local term for

440-468: The 28 April 2019 general election , the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) of Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez scored a landslide victory—as well as the first win for the party in a European Parliament election in 15 years, also with Josep Borrell as its main candidate—by achieving 32.9% of the share and 20 seats, a result which allowed it to become the largest national delegation within

484-496: The D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation , with no electoral threshold being applied in order to be entitled to enter seat distribution. Seats were allocated to a single multi-member constituency comprising the entire national territory . The use of the electoral method resulted in an effective threshold based on the district magnitude and the distribution of votes among candidacies. The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in

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528-655: The European Alliance of Peoples and Nations as a new coalition of populist, hard Eurosceptic and anti-immigration parties. It has been joined by most of the members of the outgoing Europe of Nations and Freedom group (including Lega, the French National Rally , Freedom Party of Austria and the Dutch Party for Freedom ) as well as some former EFDD ( Alternative for Germany ) and ECR parties ( Danish People's Party and Finns Party ). It has been predicted to become

572-476: The European Parliament were allocated to Spain as per the Treaty of Lisbon . Voting was on the basis of universal suffrage , which comprised all nationals and resident non-national European citizens over 18 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political rights. Additionally, Spaniards abroad were required to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish: Voto rogado ). All seats were elected using

616-661: The Greens adopted the principle of having two leading candidates for the European Elections 2019. Unlike in 2014, where the candidates were chosen through an open online primary elections, the two leading candidates were elected by the Council of the Party in Berlin in November 2018. Four people, two of them being currently MEPs, have declared their candidacy: At their 2018 Congress in Berlin,

660-464: The Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats . Concurrently, the opposition People's Party (PP) suffered a severe setback and scored its worst result ever in a European Parliament election, but slightly improved on its general election results by achieving 20.2% of the vote and 12 seats. Citizens (Cs), which had integrated Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) within its lists ahead of

704-526: The United Kingdom . As such, it won the most seats by any national political party in the parliament; the German CDU/CSU also won 29 seats but as an alliance. The biggest new party after UK exit is La République En Marche! (LREM) of French President Emmanuel Macron that was formed in 2016 and won the French presidential and parliamentary elections of the following year. Initially, it balked at joining any of

748-484: The interior ministry , coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call. In order to be entitled to run, parties, federations, coalitions and groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least 15,000 registered electors; this requirement could be lifted and replaced through

792-787: The Common Candidate. The party convened an extraordinary Congress in Lisbon to ratify the election of the candidate and to vote upon the manifesto. Jan Zahradil , an MEP for the Czech Civic Democratic Party , is the Spitzenkandidat of the European Conservatives and Reformists . Rather than present a single candidate, the ALDE group presented a Team Europe of seven people as the alliance's leading candidates: As in 2014,

836-541: The EU . As the United Kingdom was still a member of the EU at the time of the election, the elections were held with the same allocation of seats as in 2014. When the United Kingdom left the EU, 27 of the seats were reallocated to other EU member states as shown below, resulting in a total of 705 MEPs. The table below shows the changes in group composition after the United Kingdom left the EU. There were no pan-European polls for

880-633: The European Commission on 16 July, with 383 votes in favour (374 votes needed). The European Commission was approved by the European Parliament on 27 November 2019, receiving 461 votes, with 157 against and 89 abstentions. EPP, S&D, Renew Europe and half of the ECR voted in favour. The Greens/EFA abstained. Deputy (legislator) The political theory of the separation of powers requires legislators to be independent individuals from

924-811: The European Commission. Two candidates sought the nomination of the EPP: At their 2018 Congress in Helsinki, the EPP elected Manfred Weber as their Spitzenkandidat for President of the European Commission. Previous candidate Martin Schulz left the European Parliament in 2017 to head the Social Democratic Party of Germany , but he stepped down from the latter position in 2018. Two candidates were nominated by PES member parties and organisations: Šefčovič announced his withdrawal in November and supported Frans Timmermans as

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968-630: The European Union on 29 March 2019. However, the United Kingdom participated alongside other EU member states after an extension of Article 50 to 31 October 2019; therefore, the allocation of seats between the member states and the total number of seats remained as it had been in 2014. On 26 May 2019, the centre-left and centre-right parties suffered significant losses, while pro-EU centrist , liberal and environmentalist parties and anti-EU right-wing populist parties made substantial gains. The European People's Party led by Manfred Weber won

1012-454: The European elections". In May 2018 a Eurobarometer poll suggested that 49% of the 27,601 individuals from all 28 EU countries surveyed think that the Spitzenkandidat process will help them vote in the next European elections while 70% also think that the process requires a real debate on European issues. Incumbent Jean-Claude Juncker stated he would not seek a second term as President of

1056-448: The European elections. However, several organisations calculated the theoretical seat distribution in the European Parliament based on national polls in all member states. The table below displays these different projections. Since the United Kingdom notified its intention to leave the European Union in March 2017, the United Kingdom was expected not to participate in the European elections and

1100-460: The election, became the third most-voted party of the country, but at 12.2% and 7 seats it only slightly improved on the combined Cs–UPyD results in 2014. Unidas Podemos Cambiar Europa (English: "United We Can Change Europe" ), the alliance of Podemos and United Left (IU) suffered a considerable drop from both parties' past results, being reduced to 10.1% and 6 seats. Far-right Vox performed well below expectations after disappointing results for

1144-553: The existing party families, instead trying to form a new parliamentary group of pro-European centrists who support Macron's plans to reform the European institutions, drawing away members from ALDE, EPP and S&D. Possible partners for such a project were expected to include Spanish Ciudadanos , Progressive Slovakia and the Hungarian Momentum Movement . However, the hypothetical group was considered to have difficulties to find MEPs from at least seven member states as

1188-438: The fourth largest group in parliament with an estimate of more than 80 MEPs. 2019 saw the debut of new parties such as Wiosna of Poland, Czech Pirate Party of Czech Republic, USR-PLUS of Romania, Human Shield and Most of Croatia, ĽSNS and Progressive Slovakia of Slovakia. Some of the new parties have already joined European parties, e.g. LMŠ of Slovenia is a member of ALDE. The new Brexit Party won 29 seats in

1232-445: The head of communications for the 5 Star Movement and a close associate and friend of Beppe Grillo. The Movement is an alliance of populist parties set up by Steve Bannon in 2018 with the purpose of contesting the European elections. Participating parties included, at least temporarily, Lega Nord , People's Party of Belgium and Brothers of Italy and possibly French National Rally . Originally envisioned as an attempt to unite

1276-520: The members of the executive and the judiciary . Certain political systems adhere to this principle, others do not. In the United Kingdom and other countries using the Westminster system , for example, the executive is formed almost exclusively from legislators (members of the parliament), and the executive Cabinet itself has delegated legislative power. In continental European jurisprudence and legal discussion, "the legislator" ( le législateur )

1320-420: The most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on

1364-479: The most seats in the European Parliament, making Weber the leading candidate to become the next President of the European Commission . Despite this, the European Council decided after the election to nominate Ursula von der Leyen as new Commission President. On 7 June 2018, the Council agreed at ambassador level to change the EU electoral law and to reform old laws from the 1976 Electoral Act. The purpose of

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1408-670: The party elected Ska Keller and Bas Eickhout as their Spitzenkandidaten for the President of the European Commission. Oriol Junqueras , a Catalan historian, academic and former Vice President of Catalonia who, at the time of the election, was imprisoned because of his involvement in the 2017 Catalan independence referendum , was the Spitzenkandidat of the European Free Alliance . The designated candidates are Violeta Tomič from Slovenia and Belgian trade-unionist Nico Cué . The Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy

1452-412: The party in the 2019 general election, scoring 6.2% of the share and 3 seats. Afterwards, and as a result of the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union coming into effect on 31 January 2020, five additional seats were allocated to Spain's MEP delegation, which were re-distributed by granting one each to PSOE, PP, Cs, Vox and Junts according to their May 2019 election results. 54 members of

1496-436: The polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font.    Poll conducted after legal ban on opinion polls The table below lists raw, unweighted voting preferences. The following table lists the elected legislators: 2019 European Parliament election Jean-Claude Juncker EPP Ursula von der Leyen EPP The 2019 European Parliament election

1540-746: The populist parties in Europe, The Movement has so far been snubbed by the Alternative for Germany , the Freedom Party of Austria and the UK Independence Party . In March 2019, reporters assessed Bannon's project as a failure. Shortly ahead of the election, Marine Le Pen of the French National Rally distanced herself from Bannon, clarifying that he played no role in her party's campaign. In April 2019, Matteo Salvini of Italy's Lega launched

1584-541: The process and the parties are almost certain to select the candidates again. On 23 January 2018, the Constitutional Affairs Committee adopted a text stating that the Spitzenkandidat process could not be overturned, and that Parliament "will be ready to reject any candidate in the investiture procedure of the Commission President who was not appointed as a Spitzenkandidat in the run-up to

1628-445: The reform is to increase participation in elections, raise understanding of their European character and prevent irregular voting while at the same time respecting the constitutional and electoral traditions of the member states. The reform forbids double voting and voting in third countries, thus improving the visibility of European political parties. To avoid double voting, contact authorities are established to exchange data on voters,

1672-473: The relevant legislature. Typical examples include This is an incomplete list of terms for a national legislator: Some legislatures provide each legislator with an official "substitute legislator" who deputises for the legislator in the legislature if the elected representative is unavailable. Venezuela , for example, provides for substitute legislators ( diputado suplente ) to be elected under Article 186 of its 1999 constitution . Ecuador , Panama , and

1716-419: The right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll. The table below lists weighted voting intention estimates. Refusals are generally excluded from the party vote percentages, while question wording and the treatment of "don't know" responses and those not intending to vote may vary between polling organisations. When available, seat projections determined by

1760-443: The role of Commission President, the party winning the most seats in the European Parliament receiving the first opportunity to attempt to form a majority to back their candidate (akin to how heads of government are elected in national parliamentary democracies). This process was first used in 2014 and was opposed by some in the European Council . The future of the process is uncertain, but the European Parliament has attempted to codify

1804-457: The signature of at least 50 elected officials— deputies , senators , MEPs or members from the legislative assemblies of autonomous communities or from local city councils . Electors and elected officials were disallowed from signing for more than one list of candidates. Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election: The tables below list opinion polling results in reverse chronological order, showing

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1848-492: Was held in the European Union (EU) between 23 and 26 May 2019. It was the ninth parliamentary election since the first direct elections in 1979 . A total of 751 Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) were elected to represent more than 512 million people from 28 member states . In February 2018, the European Parliament had voted to decrease the number of MEPs from 751 to 705 if the United Kingdom were to withdraw from

1892-529: Was therefore excluded from projections. On 10 April 2019, the European Council extended the Brexit deadline to 31 October 2019, and the UK did participate in the European elections. The UK was included in most projections after that date. → (no En Marche) The following table shows projections with vote share instead of seats. The heads of governments, gathered in a European Council on 1–3 July 2019, could not agree on

1936-530: Was widely expected to disband after the election. One reason was that its biggest share of MEPs came from the United Kingdom, which was long expected to leave the EU before the election. The second was that the second-biggest partner, Italy's Five Star Movement (M5S), felt uneasy about this alliance anyway, having unsuccessfully tried to join the Greens/EFA or ALDE group instead. In February 2019, M5S alongside partners from Croatia, Finland, Greece and Poland presented

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