Misplaced Pages

#114885

33-565: In 1992, the religious Buddhist Master Hsing Yun had arrived in Brazil, by an invitation of a local Buddhist Temple in São Paulo , for a ceremony. A present monk asked him if he could leave a monk from his entourage in the country so they could continue the teachings. As a result, accompanying monk, Jue Cheng, decided to stay in the country and begin a new project, earning later the title of Master of Sincerity. The disciple who asked Master Yun to leave

66-501: A larger temple . As the Brazilian architects involved in the project were not familiar with the architecture of a temple, Master Sinceridade assembled a team to travel to China with the purpose of studying the Tang dynasty temples. The cornerstone was laid in 1999. Due to the necessity of importing the tiles and the parapet from China, as this type of work was not yet available in Brazil at

99-404: A monk in the country has donated a house situated on a farm so that the work could continue. The house was not too small and it became the headquarters for ceremonies, cults and rituals. Four years later, the number of visitors had reached 100, which led to the need to expand the space. Despite the renovation, the place still didn't have conditions to accommodate followers, so it was decided to build

132-421: A practicing Buddhist and meditator. Just prior to monastic life, he had accompanied his mother to Nanjing to search for his missing father but they were unsuccessful. In 1938 he entered the monastic life at the age of 12, ordaining as a novice at Qixia Temple under Zhikai, where he received the novice name Jinjue. He received the upasampadā vinaya precepts under Ruoshun at the same temple in 1941 and received

165-516: A supporter of the One-China policy as well as government legislation supported by the Kuomintang , and was criticized for his views by those in favor of Taiwan independence and by religious figures, as being overtly political and "considerably far afield from traditional monastic concerns". During the 2008 presidential election , Hsing Yun publicly endorsed Kuomintang candidate Ma Ying-jeou . During

198-583: A younger generation such as Hsing Yun , Sheng-yen , Wei Chueh and Cheng Yen . These four figures, collectively known as the Four Heavenly Kings of Taiwanese Buddhism, head the Four Great Mountains , or monasteries, of Taiwanese Buddhism and Buddhist new religious movements , namely Fo Guang Shan , Dharma Drum Mountain , Chung Tai Shan and Tzu Chi . Humanistic Buddhism originated in China at

231-584: Is absolutely central to Buddhism. Another aspect of manifesting the teaching of Humanistic Buddhism is the interfaith dialogue and the study of the common tenets of non-violence . Another aspect of manifesting the teaching of Humanistic Buddhism is the interfaith dialogue and the study of the common tenets of non-violence . Soka Gakkai International teaches that "the Lotus Sutra ... leads all people to Buddhahood and we ordinary human beings are in no way different or separate from one another" and viewed

264-530: The " Four Heavenly Kings " of Taiwanese Buddhism, along with his contemporaries: Master Sheng-yen of Dharma Drum Mountain , Master Cheng Yen of Tzu Chi and Master Wei Chueh of Chung Tai Shan . Hsing Yun was born Lee Kuo-shen ( pinyin : Lǐ Guóshēn ) in 1927 in Jiangdu village (modern day Yangzhou ), Jiangsu Province in the Republic of China . Hsing Yun's first exposure to Buddhism came from his grandmother,

297-547: The Buddha as a role model for all humanity: "The purpose of the appearance in this world of Shakyamuni Buddha, the lord of teachings, lies in his behaviour as a human being". Yin Shun was the key figure in the doctrinal exposition of Buddhism and thus humanistic Buddhism in Taiwan. However, he was not particularly active in the social or political spheres of life. This was to be carried out by

330-536: The Chinese government, which opposes proselytizing. Fo Guang Shan's presence in China increased under the premiership of General Secretary Xi Jinping after he started a program to revive traditional Chinese faiths. According to Hsing Yun, his goal in mainland China was to work with the mainland government to rebuild China's culture following the destruction of the Cultural Revolution , rather than promote Buddhism in

363-663: The afternoon of 5 February 2023, after years of unstable health. He was 95 (97 according to East Asian age reckoning ), and had spent 85 years of his life as a monastic. The next day his body was placed in a seated position inside a dome-like container in the shape of the Parinirvana Stupa in Kushinagar, India. His body was placed upon a dais inside the Cloud Dwelling Building where he lay in state for seven days while visitors paid their respects. Hsing Yun's funeral

SECTION 10

#1732876382115

396-561: The beginning of the 20th century. The movement emerged as a collective attempt to emphasize the importance of serving the living in Buddhist practice, rather than placing focus on the traditional Buddhist rituals for the dead. After the Ming dynasty , penance for the dead had become more widespread, replacing rituals focused on meditation. A possible cause for this was Emperor Zhu Yuanzhan 's Buddhist Orders issued in 1391. These created three categories of

429-471: The communist victory in the civil war but was arrested along with several other Buddhist monastics. Hsing Yun and the others were released after 23 days, and he then spent the next several years developing a large following and founding numerous temples. In 1966, Hsing Yun bought some land in Kaohsiung and started building a large monastery. After partial completion, the temple opened in 1967 and would later become

462-461: The dead was the spread of tantric Buddhism following the Yuan dynasty which promoted ritual practice. Fo Guang Shan is one of the most popular humanistic Buddhist organizations in present-day Taiwan. They have done work to reform and re-invent more traditional ritual practices. They strive to highlight Dharmic aspects of ritual and tailor their practices and worship to benefit the living, rather than

495-446: The dead. Fo Guang Shan are known for their Recitation Teams, which they send to hospitals and hospice care facilities to assist the dying and their loved ones in performing humanistic Buddhist ritual practice. Humanistic Buddhists believe that death is not an end so much as the beginning of a new life and therefore rituals at the end of life should comfort and pacify the dying individual. They also hold ceremonies that celebrate marriage and

528-574: The dharma name Wuche. Shortly after taking the full precepts, Hsing Yun was first inspired by Buddhist modernism in 1945 while studying at Jiaoshan Buddhist College. There he learned about Buddhist teacher Taixu's calls for reform in Buddhism and the Sangha. At a certain point, he adopted the name "Hsing Yun"—" nebula " in Chinese—to reflect his new philosophy. He fled mainland China to Taiwan in 1949 following

561-592: The focus of ritual from the dead to the living. Taixu , a Buddhist modernist activist and thinker who advocated the reform and renewal of Chinese Buddhism , used the term Buddhism for Human Life ( Chinese : 人生佛教 ; pinyin : rénshēng fójiào ). The first two characters, "human" and "life", indicating his criticism of several aspects of late Qing dynasty and early Republican Chinese Buddhism that he wished to correct, namely, an emphasis on spirits and ghosts ("human") and funeral services and rites ("life"). His disciples continued this emphasis. Taixu also used

594-502: The happiness of married couples which are popular worldwide. Hsing Yun (1927–2023) was widely considered a contemporary leader in the humanistic Buddhist movement in Taiwan and was the founder of Fo Guang Shan in the 1960s. He wrote Rites for Funerals , a work outlining the Dharmic elements of these rituals and reforming them to place emphasis on the living participants and worshipers. He also wrote The Etiquettes and Rules , which outlines

627-500: The headquarters of the Fo Guang Shan Buddhist organization. Hsing Yun's Fo Guang Shan Buddhist order is a proponent of "Humanistic" Buddhism , and Hsing Yun himself was the abbot of the order until his resignation in 1985. Following his resignation, Hsing Yun founded the Buddha's Light International Association (BLIA) as a layperson based Humanistic Buddhist organization. Fo Guang Shan eventually grew to become one of

660-533: The mainland. The headquarters of Fo Guang Shan in Kaohsiung is currently the largest Buddhist monastery in Taiwan. On top of that, the order has a network of over 300 branches throughout Taiwan, as well as several branches worldwide in at least fifty countries, including the United States, Australia, South Africa, and Brazil. In Taiwan, Hsing Yun was notable for his activity in political affairs, particularly as

693-465: The material world, not solely concerned with achieving delivery from it. According to Daisaku Ikeda , head of the Soka Gakkai new religious movement: The essence of Buddhist humanism lies in the insistence that human beings exercise their spiritual capacities to the limit, or more accurately, without limit, coupled with an unshakable belief in their ability to do this. In this way, faith in humanity

SECTION 20

#1732876382115

726-462: The most significant social actors in Taiwan; the organization has established several schools and colleges, and runs orphanages, homes for the elderly, and drug rehabilitation programs in prisons. Fo Guang Shan has also been involved in some international relief efforts. Fo Guang Shan entered mainland China in the early 21st century, focusing more on charity and Chinese cultural revival rather than Buddhist propagation in order to avoid conflict with

759-414: The nature of Sakyamuni Buddha achieving Buddhahood while bound in an earthly form. Humanistic Buddhism is based on six core concepts, namely humanism, altruism, spiritual practices as part of daily life, joyfulness, timeliness and the universality of saving all beings. From these principles, the aim of humanistic Buddhism is to reconnect Buddhist practice with the ordinary and places emphasis on caring for

792-434: The practices of traditional Buddhism from a humanistic perspective. One controversy of humanistic Buddhism is the role of women in society. Hsing Yun held a conservative perspective as to the position of women and published a variety of articles for men on how to maintain a functioning household and for women on how to provide proper companionship and please their husbands. Despite this perception, women have earned themselves

825-675: The race. Despite his Kuomintang partisanship, Hsing Yun was generally known to be respected by politicians of both parties. He encouraged reconciliation between China and the Dalai Lama, but tried hard to avoid causing rifts between him and his organisation and the Chinese government. On 26 December 2011, Hsing Yun suffered a minor ischemic stroke , his second in that year. In his older years Hsing Yun began suffering from numerous health issues, including diabetes and near blindness. Hsing Yun died at his residence in Fo Guang Shan monastery on

858-446: The sangha, or monastic class: meditation monks, teaching monks and yoga monks. These yoga monks were responsible for performing rituals for the dead. This led to certain monks taking on the roles of monks on call who performed rituals to earn their livelihood. These monks on call made up a majority of the sangha by the end of the Qing dynasty . Another possible cause of the increased rituals for

891-533: The second World Buddhist Forum in 2009, Hsing Yun asserted that there are "no Taiwanese" and that Taiwanese "are Chinese". During the 2016 presidential election campaign, Hsing Yun caused considerable comment when he compared DPP candidate Tsai Ing-wen to the Chinese goddess Mazu , commenting that those traits would probably help Tsai be elected president, which she eventually was. To dispel rumors of party switching, Hsing Yun publicly gave his endorsement to KMT candidate Hung Hsiu-chu , who eventually withdrew from

924-480: The term Buddhism for the Human World, or popularly humanistic Buddhism ( Chinese : 人間佛教 ; pinyin : rénjiān fójiào ). It appears that at first the two terms were largely interchangeable. One of Taixu's disciples, Yin Shun , used the term humanistic Buddhism to indicate a criticism against the "deification" of Buddhism, which was another common feature of much of Chinese Buddhism, in his articles and books. It

957-463: The time, the resources were insufficient to commence the works immediately, resulting in the inauguration of the Zu Lai Temple being postponed until October 2003. This article about a Brazilian religious building or structure is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Hsing Yun Hsing Yun ( Chinese : 星雲 ; pinyin : Xīng Yún ; 19 August 1927 – 5 February 2023)

990-627: Was Yin Shun and other disciples of Taixu who brought both of these two terms to Taiwan in the wake of the Nationalist government defeat during the Chinese Civil War by the Chinese Communist Party . It was in Taiwan that the term humanistic Buddhism became the most commonly used term, particularly amongst the religious leaders who originally hailed from China. Humanistic Buddhism integrates Buddhist practices into everyday life based on

1023-473: Was a Chinese Buddhist monk , teacher, and philanthropist based in Taiwan. He was the founder of the Fo Guang Shan Buddhist monastic order as well as the layperson -based Buddha's Light International Association . Hsing Yun was considered a major proponent of Humanistic Buddhism and one of the most influential teachers of modern Taiwanese Buddhism . In Taiwan, he was popularly referred to as one of

Zu Lai Temple - Misplaced Pages Continue

1056-535: Was awarded the honorary Doctor of Humane Letters (L.H.D.) from Whittier College . On the morning of 13 February 2023, President Tsai Ing-wen conferred a posthumous presidential citation upon Hsing Yun, extolling his many achievements. Humanistic Buddhism Humanistic Buddhism ( Chinese : 人間佛教 ; pinyin : rénjiān fójiào ) is a modern philosophy practiced by Buddhist groups originating from Chinese Buddhism which places an emphasis on integrating Buddhist practices into everyday life and shifting

1089-555: Was held on 13 February, with President Tsai Ing-wen , Premier Chen Chien-jen , KMT chairman Eric Chu , and Kaohsiung mayor Chen Chi-mai in attendance. His remains were cremated at Daxian Temple in nearby Tainan , Baihe District . His urn was returned to Fo Guang Shan's Longevity Memorial Park the same evening. His ashes were interred inside the Founder's Hall of the Fo Guang Shan Sutra Repository. In 2008, Hsing Yun

#114885