Misplaced Pages

#378621

74-437: It is not known when or where Zhang Chujin was born. His father Zhang Wenli had been an army officer at Lulong Circuit (盧龍, headquartered in modern Beijing ), but at one point fled to Chengde Circuit and was adopted by Wang Rong the military governor ( Jiedushi ) of Chengde, who changed his name to Wang Deming. Zhang Chujin had at least two younger brothers, Zhang Chuqiu ( 張處球 ) and Zhang Chuqi ( 張處琪 ). In 921, Wang Rong

148-463: A 148 kilometres (92 mi) north–south extent and a 175 kilometres (109 mi) wide from east to west. The prefecture has borders stretching 760 kilometres (472 mi) long and covers an area of 15,722 square kilometres (6,070 sq mi). Bordering prefecture-level cities in Hebei are Hengshui (E), Xingtai (S), and Baoding (N/NE). To the west lies the province of Shanxi . The city stands at

222-541: A Tang subject.) Li Cunxu's initial instinct was to attack Zhang for his killing of the Wang clan, but Li Cunxu's staff members thought that as Jin was locked in a struggle with Later Liang at that point, it should not create another enemy. Li Cunxu thus commissioned Zhang as the acting military governor. However, Zhang was fearful that the Jin prince would eventually attack him. He thus repeatedly sent secret messengers to both Zhu Zhen and

296-484: A county named Shiyi (Chinese: 石邑 ; lit. 'stone city'), in present-day Luquan District , was already present during the Warring States period , suggesting that the name, or its elements, have even older origins. At first, the settlement was officially known only as "Shijia", as the "zhuang" was solely used to denote the nature of the settlement being a village, instead of being part of its name. This

370-409: A large city. As of the end of 2017, the urban population of Shijiazhuang exceeded 4.5 million. In just six decades, the city's population has increased by more than 20 fold. At the end of 2009, the city's total non-migrant population was 9,774,100, an increase of 109,300 over the previous year. The birth rate of the city's population is 14.65%, the death rate is 6.25%, and the natural growth rate

444-486: A new enemy, commissioned Zhang as the acting military governor, but after urging by Wang Rong's former subordinate Fu Xi ( 符習 ) (who had been commanding Zhao troops that Wang Rong sent to assist Li Cunxu in his campaigns) and after discovering that Zhang had been communicating with Zhu Zhen the emperor of Jin's archenemy Later Liang and Khitan 's Emperor Taizu , launched a general campaign against Zhang, with his generals Yan Bao ( 閻寶 ) and Shi Jiantang ( 史建瑭 ) commanding

518-412: A rare distinction of being served by both the "conventional" Beijing–Guangzhou Railway and the new Beijing–Guangzhou–Shenzhen–Hong Kong High-Speed Railway . Such an arrangement is fairly uncommon on China's high-speed rail network , as typically high-speed lines are constructed to bypass city cores, where the older "conventional" train stations are. In Shijiazhuang's case, to make it possible to bring

592-609: A result of industrialization and infrastructural developments. From 2008 to 2011, Shijiazhuang implemented a three-year plan, resulting in an increase of green areas and new buildings and roads. A railway station, airport and subway system have been opened. Shijiazhuang is east of the Taihang Mountains , a mountain range extending over 400 km (250 mi) from north to south with an average elevation of 1,500 to 2,000 m (4,900 to 6,600 ft). The city's present name, Shijiazhuang (Chinese: 石家庄 ), first appeared during

666-536: A son and changed his name to Wang Deming, entrusting much of the Chengde military affairs to him. In 910, Wang Rong, who had by that point been given the title of Prince of Zhao by Zhu Wen (who had taken over the throne from Tang) but who had subsequently come after Later Liang surprise attack, entered into an alliance with Later Liang's archenemy Li Cunxu the Prince of Jin; subsequently, in 911, Jin and Zhao forces defeated

740-508: A thick layer of smog over the region. Officials blamed the dense pollution on lack of wind, automobile exhaust emissions under low air pressure, and coal-powered district heating system in North China region. Prevailing winds blew low-hanging air masses of factory emissions (mostly SO 2 ) towards China's east coast. Shijiazhuang has direct administrative jurisdiction over: Migrants flowing in from all across China largely contributed to

814-407: A tractor-accessory plant. There are important coal deposits at Jingxing and Huailu, now named Luquan , a few miles to the west in the foothills of the Taihang Mountains , which provide fuel for a thermal-generating plant supplying power to local industries. Tianjin was again carved out of Hebei in 1967, remaining a separate entity today. The provincial capital was then moved to Baoding , however,

SECTION 10

#1732884941379

888-856: Is 11.2 times the World Health Organization PM2.5 Guideline (5 μg/m : set in September, 2021). These pollution levels are estimated to reduce the Life Expectancy of an average person living in Shijiazhuang by almost 5 years. A dense wave of smog began in the Central and Eastern part of China on December 2, 2013, across a distance of around 1,200 kilometres (750 mi), including Shijiazhuang and surrounding areas. A lack of cold air flow, combined with slow-moving air masses carrying industrial emissions, collected airborne pollutants to form

962-639: Is 5,075,875, accounting for 49.94% of the total population. The gender ratio of the total population is 100 women per 100.24 men. The population aged between 0 and 14 is 1,548,125, accounting for 15.23% of the total population; the population aged between 15 and 64 is 7,789,753, accounting for 76.64% of the total population; the population aged 65 and over is 825,910, accounting for 8.13% of the total population. The top 10 surnames of Shijiazhuang are: Zhang (10.27%), Wang (9.25%), Li (9.17%), Liu (6.73%), Zhao (4.28%), Yang (2.82%), Gao (2.08%), Chen (1.92%), Ma (1.77%), and Guo (1.55%). On May 6, 2011,

1036-413: Is 8.4%. According to the sixth national census in 2010, the city's total non-migrant population stands at 10,163,788. Compared with the fifth national census a decade prior, there was an increase of 818,365 people, or an increase of 8.76%, and an average annual growth rate of 0.84%. Among them, the male population stood at 5,087,913, accounting for 50.06% of the total population; the female population

1110-558: Is home to major pharmaceutical companies and factories like the North China Pharmaceutical Group Corporation, Shijiazhuang Pharma Group , and Shineway Pharma. The textile industry is also one of the backbones of the city's commerce. Other sectors include machinery and chemicals such as Shijiazhuang Donghua Jinlong , building materials, light industry, and electronics. With abundant agricultural resources, Shijiazhuang has 590,000 hectares of cultivated land and

1184-638: Is similar to spring in temperature and lack of rainfall. January averages −1.4 °C (29.5 °F), while July averages 27.7 °C (81.9 °F); the annual mean is 14.3 °C (57.7 °F). With the monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 38 percent in July to 56 percent in May, the city receives 2,163 hours of sunshine annually. More than half of the annual rainfall occurs in July and August alone. Extremes since 1951 have ranged from −26.5 °C (−15.7 °F) to 42.8 °C (109.0 °F). According to

1258-421: Is the main source of cotton, pears, dates and walnuts in Hebei province. In 2008, total imports reached US$ 1.393 billion, an increase of 42.1 percent over the previous year. Exports increased by 34.9 percent to US$ 5.596 billion. 2006 World Bank reported that Shijiazhuang was spending less than RMB400 per capita on education, as opposed to Beijing (RMB1,044) and Weihai (RMB1,631). The zone

1332-604: The Chinese Academy of Social Sciences published the "2011 China Urban Competitiveness Blue Book: China Urban Competitiveness Report". In it, the happiness survey sampled 294 cities across China, arriving at the conclusion that the residents of Shijiazhuang were the happiest. This result caused strong doubts from netizens. In 2014, the GDP of Shijiazhuang reached CN¥510.02 billion (about $ 80.45 billion in USD), an increase of 12 percent over

1406-762: The Khitan Emperor Taizu . (Zhu Zhen, despite the urging of his chancellor Jing Xiang , took no action, believing that Zhang was not truly a trustworthy subject.) Many of these secret messengers were, however, intercepted by Jin forces. Li Cunxu released the secret messengers back to Zhang, further increasing Zhang's fear about what Li Cunxu might do next. He was also fearful that the senior officers of Zhao might rebel against him, and often found excuses to kill them. He tried to appease Fu Xi by promoting Fu Xi's son Fu Zimeng (符子蒙), while recalling Fu Xi back to Chengde. Fu, instead, met with Li Cunxu, urging Li Cunxu to avenge Wang Rong. In fall 921, Li Cunxu commissioned Fu as

1480-658: The Ming dynasty . Its literal meaning is " Shi family's village". The word Shijiazhuang was generally used after construction of the Shijiazhuang station of the Zhengtai Railway in 1907. The origin of the name is heavily disputed. One story claimed that the Wanli Emperor sent 24 officers and their families to the area, after which the group splits into two settlements consisting of 10 and 14 families. The imperial court then named

1554-683: The Second Sino-Japanese War and the Chinese Civil War still referred to the city as "Shijiazhuang" or "Shizhuang". To avoid confusion and association with the Japanese Army , the Chinese Communist Party ultimately reverted the city's name back to Shijiazhuang on December 26, 1947. Since then, many terms regarding the city have been stemmed from the "zhuang" suffix, including its nickname "international village" ( 国际庄 ), and

SECTION 20

#1732884941379

1628-580: The Tang dynasty (618–907), Hengshan county was abolished, and it was reestablished as a prefecture. It was renamed as Zhen Prefecture due to a naming taboo with Emperor Muzong of Tang , whose personal name was Li Heng. Zhending was a giant city in the area, now Zhengding county, where was destination of migration from Yuan dynasty people and central area of preceding Northern Song dynasty people, particularly in Kaifeng and Zhengzhou etc. Marco Polo has glanced

1702-449: The defeat of the Lü clan , Liu Chao was killed and the territory became a commandery of Zhao once again. Later, due to a naming taboo of Emperor Wen of Han , whose personal name is Liu Heng, its name was changed to Changshan (常山). From Han (206 BC–AD 220) to Sui (581–618) times it was the site of a county seat named Shiyi. With the reorganization of local government in the early period of

1776-454: The 2020 census, the city had a population of 11,235,086, with 6,230,709 in the built-up area comprising all urban districts except Jingxing District and Zhengding County , the twelfth largest in mainland China. Shijiazhuang experienced dramatic growth after the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949. The population of the metropolitan area has more than quadrupled in thirty years as

1850-461: The Chengde forces, but was eventually defeated and killed by Li Cunxu in 922. Li Cunxu took over the former Zhao territory. He had Zhang Wenli's body cut in pieces in public. Shijiazhuang Shijiazhuang is the capital and most populous city of China's Hebei Province. A prefecture-level city about 266 kilometres (165 mi) southwest of Beijing, it administers eight districts , three county-level cities and eleven counties . At

1924-424: The Chengde mutineers inflicted a number of unexpected losses on the forces Li Cunxu sent against them from fall 921 to fall 922, including: However, Later Liang refused to aid them. Wang Chuzhi failed to aid him before himself overthrown by his adoptive son Wang Du . Khitan's Emperor Taizu did try to do so, but after Li Cunxu himself intercepted Khitan troops and defeated them, Khitan troops withdrew as well, leaving

1998-520: The Chengde mutineers without aid. When their food supplies ran out, Zhang Chujin sent emissaries to Li Cunxu, offering to surrender; Li Cunxu did not respond. Soon thereafter, Li Cunxu's adoptive brother Li Cunshen arrived and continued the siege. The city fell, and Zhang Chujin, his brothers, and Zhang Wenli's wife (it is unclear whether she was Zhang Chujin's mother or not) were all captured by Jin troops and delivered to Li Cunxu after their legs were first broken. It appeared that they were executed, for

2072-556: The Jin troops and Fu commanding the Zhao troops. When the combined Jin/Zhao troops captured Zhao Prefecture (趙州, in modern Shijiazhuang , Hebei ) quickly, Zhang Wenli died in shock. Zhang Chujin kept news of Zhang Wenli's death a secret and took over leadership, continuing to resist the Jin/Zhao troops. The Jin/Zhao troops quickly put Chengde's capital Zhen Prefecture ( 鎮州 ) under siege. However, under Zhang Chujin and Zhang Chuqiu's leadership,

2146-690: The Later Liang army and forced it to withdraw, saving Zhao. In gratitude, Wang Rong took 37 corps out of his army and put them under Wang Deming's command, sending him to accompany and assist Li Cunxu in his campaigns. In 912, when Li Cunxu was set to launch a major attack against Liu Rengong's son and successor Liu Shouguang , who had claimed the title of Emperor of Yan, Wang Deming joined forces with Li Cunxu's major general Zhou Dewei , as well as Cheng Yan (程巖), who commanded an army from Jin's and Zhao's ally Yiwu Circuit (義武, headquartered in modern Baoding , Hebei ), and they subsequently sieged You Prefecture. By

2220-403: The Later Liang title of Princess Puning), hoping that this would open the possibility of Later Liang assistance. Zhang Wenli sent a report of what occurred to Li Cunxu, requesting to be commissioned as a military governor, while at the same time offering to support him as emperor. (Li Cunxu had, up to that point, only carried the title of Prince of Jin as he theoretically still considered himself

2294-607: The National Environmental Analysis released by Tsinghua University and The Asian Development Bank in January 2013, Shijiazhuang was one of ten most air-polluted cities in the world. Also according to this report, 7 of 10 most air-polluted cities are in China, including Taiyuan , Beijing, Urumqi , Lanzhou , Chongqing, Jinan and Shijiazhuang. As air pollution in China is at an all-time high, several northern cities are among

Zhang Chujin - Misplaced Pages Continue

2368-546: The Northwest Agricultural Bank, the People's Bank of China was established here, where it produced and released the first series of the renminbi . Meanwhile, the industrialization of the city also gathered momentum thanks to government initiatives including the First Five-Year Plan . Shijiazhuang was one of the fourteen cities selected as focus cities for development. The population more than tripled in

2442-488: The acting military governor of Chengde and launched a general campaign against Zhang. He sent his generals Yan Bao (閻寶) and Shi Jiantang (史建瑭) to assist Fu. Together, the Jin troops and Fu's Zhao troops attacked Chengde's Zhao Prefecture (趙州, in modern Shijiazhuang). Zhao Prefecture's prefect Wang Ting (王鋌) surrendered quickly. Upon hearing the fall of Zhao Prefecture, Zhang, who was then suffering from an abdominal illness, died in shock. His son Zhang Chujin took over command of

2516-508: The area is a memorial site. Since the city was pivotal to the People's Liberation Army 's victory of the Chinese Civil War , many governmental agencies have roots in Shijiazhuang. The creation of the North China People's Government in 1947 affirmed the city's position as a key political center. A year later, as the result of the merger between the Bank of North China, the Bank of Beihai, and

2590-461: The bombings were an act of revenge on his relatives, who were among the tenants of the apartments. Jin and his accomplices were later executed. In December 2020, its mayor, Deng Peiran, was charged with corruption, with Ma Yujun currently serving as the acting mayor. A few weeks later, the city became a new COVID-19 hotspot: starting from the village of Xiaoguozhuang in Gaocheng District in

2664-509: The center of an extensive road network. Pre- World War II , Shijiazhuang was a large railway town as well as a commercial and collecting center for Shanxi and regions farther west and for agricultural produce of the North China Plain , particularly grain, tobacco, and cotton. By 1935, it had far outstripped Zhengding as an economic center. At the end of World War II the character of the city changed when it took on an administrative role as

2738-543: The city and noted it in his book. The name "Shijiazhuang" was first mentioned in 1535 on a stele of a local temple. Shijiazhuang was then little more than a local market town , subordinated to the flourishing city of Zhengding a few miles to the north. The growth of Shijiazhuang into one of China's major cities began in 1905, when the Beijing– Wuhan ( Hankou ) railway reached the area, stimulating trade and encouraging local farmers to grow cash crops. Two years later

2812-491: The city was plunged into chaos due to the Cultural Revolution just a year later. Thus, under the direction of Mao Zedong to "prepare for war and natural disasters", Shijiazhuang became the provincial capital in 1968. Beginning in the 1990s, Shijiazhuang saw another episode of rapid growth and development. Starting from the plains area in the east and south of the city, the focus of the developments later shifted towards

2886-494: The city's divisions. Qiaodong District was dissolved and merged into Chang'an and Qiaoxi districts. Three county-level cities, Gaocheng , Luquan , and Luancheng , became urban districts. Shijiazhuang is located in south-central Hebei, and is part of the Bohai Economic Rim . Its administrative area ranges in latitude from 37° 27' to 38° 47' N, and the longitude 113° 30' to 115° 20' E. The prefecture-level city reaches

2960-404: The city, Jingxing Mining District , was created on June 27, 1950. On November 7, 1952, Hengshui Prefecture, to the east, was merged into Shijiazhuang, adding six more counties. The prefecture continued to expand after Dingxian Prefecture was split and merged into Baoding and Shijiazhuang on June 18, 1954. Between March 1960 and May 1961, the prefecture and the city merged. Thereafter, however,

3034-461: The colloquial demonym, "villagers" ( 庄里人 ). Jokingly, people also call it "Sky Home Town" or "Rocksville" from its Chinese translating into English. This area was occupied by Xianyu people at beginning of Zhou dynasty ; it later belonged to the Zhongshan (中山國) and Zhao states during the pre-Qin period. In pre- Han times (i.e., before 206 BC), the site of the city of Shiyi in the state of Zhao

Zhang Chujin - Misplaced Pages Continue

3108-399: The commander of the Zhao forces accompanying Li Cunxu. That year, Wang Rong, who had become accustomed to luxurious living, alienated his army by spending too much time at his vacation home in the mountains west of Zhao's capital Zhen Prefecture (鎮州). The soldiers mutinied and killed Wang Rong's favorite eunuch Shi Ximeng (石希蒙), and in response, Wang Rong killed the eunuch Li Honggui (李弘規) and

3182-426: The decade 1948–58 after Communist won the civil war. In the 1950s, the city experienced a major expansion in the textile industry, with large-scale cotton spinning, weaving, printing, and dyeing works. In addition, there are plants processing local farm produce. In the 1960s it was the site of a new chemical industry , with plants producing fertilizer and caustic soda . Shijiazhuang also became an engineering base, with

3256-413: The early Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Zhao (also known as Chengde Circuit (成德)). Wang Rong favored him for his talent and adopted him as a son. However, in 921, he encouraged Wang Rong's guards to mutiny and slaughter the Wang clan. He then took over the Zhao lands. When Wang Rong's ally Li Cunxu the Prince of Jin attacked in response, he died in shock. It is not known when Zhang Wenli

3330-486: The eastern part of Shijiazhuang, covers an area of 5.8 km (2.2 sq mi), and serves as the primary section of the New High-tech Industrial Development Zone. The district focuses on the establishment of new high-tech enterprises. There are plans to expand the district into an area of 9.8 km (3.8 sq mi). A railway line operated by Shijiazhuang Oil Refinery runs through

3404-618: The edge of the North China Plain , which rises to the Taihang Mountains to the west of the city, and lies south of the Hutuo River . From west to east, the topography can be summarised as moderately high mountains, then low-lying mountains, hills, basin, and finally plains. Out of the eight east–west routes across the Taihang Mountains, the fifth, the Niangzi Pass , connects the city directly with Taiyuan , Shanxi. The mountainous part of

3478-410: The end of the year, however, Wang appeared to be no longer participating in the campaign, for he was recorded as taking 30,000 men to raid Later Liang's northern territory and capturing Zongcheng (宗城, in modern Xingtai , Hebei ). However, the Later Liang general Yang Shihou counterattacked and defeated him, killing some 5,000 of his men. In 913, while Zhou still had Liu Shouguang under siege at You,

3552-405: The guards that Wang Rong was intending to slaughter them all, causing a general panic in the guard corps. In spring 921, the guards mutinied and killed Wang Rong. They offered the leadership of the circuit to Wang Deming. Wang Deming accepted, and changed his name back to Zhang Wenli. He then slaughtered Wang Rong's clan, sparing only Wang Zhaozuo's wife (who was a sister of Zhu Zhen's and who carried

3626-481: The largest formula seller in China for a continuous 15-year period. Richard McGregor , author of The Party: The Secret World of China's Communist Rulers , said that Sanlu became "an invaluable asset for a city otherwise struggling to attract industry and investment on a par with China's premier metropolises." Both the dairy trade and Sanlu were affected by the 2008 Chinese milk scandal . The chairman and general manager of Sanlu, and several party officials, including

3700-780: The most polluted cities and have some of the worst air quality in China. Reporting on China's air quality has been accompanied by what seems like a monochromatic slideshow of the country's several cities smothered in thick smog. According to a survey made by "Global voices China" in February 2013, Shijiazhuang is among China's 10 most polluted cities along with other cities including major Chinese cities like Beijing and Zhengzhou , and 6 other prefectural cities all in Hebei . These cities are all situated in traditional geographic subdivision of "Huabei (North China) Region". In 2020, annual average PM2.5 Air Pollution in Shijiazhuang stood at 56 μg/m , which

3774-471: The mountainous districts and counties in the west, as well as along the Hutuo River in the north. In the early hours of March 16, 2001, four apartment buildings were leveled after a series of explosions rocked the city, killing 108 while injuring 38. The perpetrator was a deaf, unemployed man named Jin Ruchao who police arrested weeks later. Jin confessed that he had delivered the bombs via taxi and stated that

SECTION 50

#1732884941379

3848-648: The new Later Liang emperor Zhu Zhen (Emperor Taizu's son) sent Yang and Liu Shouguang's brother Liu Shouqi (劉守奇, who had submitted to Later Liang) north to attack Zhao, apparently to divert Zhao's and Jin's attention from Liu Shouguang. When Wang Rong sought aid from Zhou, Zhou sent his officer Li Shaoheng (李紹衡) to join Wang Deming in resisting the Later Liang army. Subsequently, the Later Liang army left Chengde and headed for Yichang. By 920, Wang Rong had recalled Wang Deming back to Chengde to command his guard corps, while sending another officer, Fu Xi (符習), to replace him as

3922-433: The northern portion of the city, cases has been increasing rapidly since January 2, 2021. Due to its proximity with Beijing and the severity of the outbreak, harsh measures were put into place, with all 11 million residences undergoing mandatory testing, as well as school closures, banning of gatherings, and residential districts being sealed. All highways were blocked off, with rail and air links also suspended. Throughout

3996-435: The officer Li Ai (李藹), whom he blamed for inciting the mutiny, and slaughtered Li Honggui's and Li Ai's families. He transferred Li Honggui's and Li Ai's authorities to his son Wang Zhaozuo and Wang Deming. Wang Rong continued to pursue those whom he considered to be Li Honggui's and Li Ai's associates, and many were killed. Wang Deming, who by this point had formed the ambition to overthrow his adoptive father, falsely informed

4070-407: The people of Zhao requested to eat their flesh. Zhang Wenli Zhang Wenli (張文禮) (died September 15, 921? ), known as Wang Deming (王德明) during the time that he was an adoptive son of Wang Rong , was a Chinese military general and politician who initially served under the late Tang dynasty warlord Liu Rengong and Liu Rengong's son Liu Shouwen , and later Wang Rong, the only prince of

4144-623: The pharmaceutical industry and the petrochemical industry . By 2009, some 2,600 enterprises had settled in the zone, of which 185 were foreign-funded enterprises. Firms from Japan, the US, the Republic of Korea, Germany, Italy, Canada, Malaysia, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan had established themselves in the zone. The city is a center for the dairy trade, being the headquarters of the Sanlu Group . Sanlu became Shijiazhuang's largest taxpayer since it had become

4218-602: The population growth of Shijiazhuang in recent times. With a population of 120,000 in 1947, Shijiazhuang became the first medium-large city captured by the Chinese Communist Party from the Kuomintang . By the time of the People's Republic of China's founding in 1949, the total urban population increased to more than 270,000 people, more than doubling in a span of two years. In 1953, when China rolled out its first five-year plan,

4292-407: The preeminent city in western Hebei, and developed into an industrial city. Some industries, such as match manufacturing, tobacco processing, and glassmaking, had already been established before the war. By 1941, Shide railway line was constructed between Shijiazhuang and Dezhou , Shandong in the war occupied period , operated by North China Transportation Company . On November 12, 1947, the city

4366-637: The prefecture consists of parts of: The Hutuo River Basin in the east juts into: The city has a continental, monsoon -influenced semi-arid climate ( Köppen BSk / Dwa ), characterised by hot, humid summers due to the East Asian monsoon, and generally cold, windy, very dry winters that reflect the influence of the Siberian anticyclone . Spring can see sandstorms blowing in from the Mongolian steppe, accompanied by rapidly warming, but generally dry, conditions. Autumn

4440-555: The prefecture was re-established, with Hengshui Prefecture splitting away the next year. The city and its prefecture merged for good in June 1993. In the 2010s, Shijiazhuang's administrative divisions saw further changes. In 2013, the county-level city of Xinji , although still part of Shijiazhuang prefecture, is now directly administered by Hebei province . Later, the State Council of the People's Republic of China approved more adjustments to

4514-550: The previous year, and placing the city 20th in provincial capitals by GDP. Shijiazhuang has become a major industrial city in North China and is considered to be the economic center of Hebei province, along with Tangshan . The city also located in Beijing-Tianjin-Shijiazhuang Hi-Tech Industrial Belt , which is one of the main Hi-Tech Belts in China. Nicknamed the "medicine hub of China", it

SECTION 60

#1732884941379

4588-465: The settlements "village of 10 families" ( 十家庄 ) and "village of 14 families" (十四家庄), respectively. Since the Chinese characters for ten ( 十 ; shí ) and stone ( 石 ; shí ) are homophones, it is speculated that the city name gradually evolved into its current spelling. Another explanation is that the settlement was named after the highest-ranking official amongst the groups, who was surnamed Shi . However,

4662-511: The total population of Shijiazhuang's urban area increased to 320,000. In 1960, the total population of the Shijiazhuang urban area had reached 650,000. In 1968, the city experienced a substantial increase due to it being designated the capital of Hebei to avoid chaos in Baoding amidst the Cultural Revolution. By 1980, the urban population had surpassed the one million mark, joining the ranks of

4736-402: The town became the junction for the new Shitai line, running from Shijiazhuang to Taiyuan , Shanxi. The connection transformed the town from a local collecting center and market into a communications center of national importance on the main route from Beijing and Tianjin to Shanxi, and later, when the railway from Taiyuan was extended to the southwest, to Shaanxi as well. The city also became

4810-612: The vice-mayor in charge of food and agriculture, Zhang Fawang, were reportedly removed from office. Mayor Ji Chuntang reportedly resigned on September 17, 2008. The city is served by many expressways, including the Shitai , Beijing– Shenzhen and Taiyuan – Cangzhou Expressways. Shijiazhuang is a transportation hub at the intersection point of the Beijing– Guangzhou , Taiyuan – Dezhou , and Shuozhou – Huanghua railways. The new Shijiazhuang railway station (opened December 2012) has

4884-405: The years, the city's administrative units have been shifted and adjusted multiple times. Initially, Shijiazhuang was administered under the prefecture of the same name, along with the counties of Zhengding , Pingshan , Lingshou , Jingxing , Jianping , Huailu , Jinxian , Gaocheng , Luancheng , Zhaoxian , Shulu , Yuanshi , Zanhuang , Gaoyi , and one town, Xinji . The first new district of

4958-464: The zone from north to south, so enterprises in the zone can build lines of their own. The Western District, located in the southwest of Shijiazhuang, covers an area of 8.2 km (3.2 sq mi). It focuses on small- and medium-sized technology enterprises and technology incubation. Liangcun District, which borders the Western District, covers 4 km (1.5 sq mi), and focuses on

5032-471: Was at You Prefecture to see his father, Zhang took over Yichang's capital Cang Prefecture (滄州) and refused to let Liu Shouwen return. However, the people of Cang Prefecture then rose against him, causing him to flee to neighboring Chengde Circuit (成德, headquartered in modern Shijiazhuang , Hebei ). Wang Rong , who was then the military governor of Chengde, was impressed by Zhang's speech and Zhang's claims about knowing how to lead an army, so he adopted Zhang as

5106-468: Was born, but it is known that he was originally from You Prefecture (幽州, in modern Beijing ). At some point after Liu Rengong , then the military governor ( jiedushi ) of Lulong Circuit (盧龍, headquartered at You Prefecture) conquered neighboring Yichang Circuit (義昌, headquartered in modern Cangzhou , Hebei ) and made his son Liu Shouwen the military governor of Yichang, he sent Zhang to Yichang to serve under Liu Shouwen. On an occasion when Liu Shouwen

5180-526: Was captured by Communist forces. Xibaipo , a village about 90 km (56 mi) from downtown Shijiazhuang, in Pingshan County was the location of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and the headquarters of the People's Liberation Army during the decisive stages of the Chinese Civil War between May 26, 1948, and March 23, 1949, at which point they were moved to Beijing. Today,

5254-556: Was established in March 1991 as a state-level development zone and is divided into three districts. National highways 107, 207, 307, 308 pass through the zone. It is 15 km (9.3 mi) away from Shijiazhuang railway station, 105 km (65 mi) away from Tianjin Port. Industries include pharmaceuticals, electronic information, mechanical production, automobile manufacturing, chemicals production and logistics. The Eastern District, located in

5328-485: Was further evidenced on June 24, 1925, when the Republican government ordered the village to be established as an autonomous city under the name Shijia. The city ended up being renamed as Shimen ( 石门 ) when it was officially incorporated on August 29, 1925, after the merger with another village, Xiumen (Chinese: 休门 ; lit. 'auspicious gate'). Despite being renamed, however, many documents and war plans from

5402-406: Was killed in a mutiny at Chengde (which was then known as Zhao as well, as Wang Rong carried the title of Prince of Zhao as its ruler), which Wang Deming had encouraged. The mutineers offered governorship of the circuit to Wang Deming, who accepted, slaughtered Wang Rong's family, and changed his name back to Zhang Wenli. Initially, Wang Rong's ally Li Cunxu the Prince of Jin, not wanting to create

5476-687: Was located in this area. After taking over Zhao , Qin Shi Huang established the Hengshan Commandery in the region. It became part of the Zhao Principality under Western Han . The land was briefly granted to Liu Buyi ( 劉不疑 ), son of the Emperor Hui , during Empress Dowager Lü 's reign. The territory was then passed to Liu Hong, Emperor Houshao of Han , after Buyi's death. It was then granted to Liu Chao ( 劉朝 ), another son of Emperor Hui. During

#378621