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37-551: Zeytinburnu is located on the part of Çatalca peninsula that is apart from historical peninsula with Walls of Constantinople and overlooks to the Marmara Sea in İstanbul. Its altitude generally increases from south to north, and in south districts (Sümer, Nuripaşa, Kazlıçeşme etc.) embankments, alluvium and former stream beds lay while in north districts (Beştelsiz, Telsiz, Maltepe etc.) wearing surfaces of Bakırköy member (limestone with intercalated clay) lay. In addition Zeytinburnu

74-767: A Madrassa. The Turkish-run English language BGNNews news agency reported that the Turkish Meydan newspaper discovered that Uyghur fighters joining the Islamist terrorist organization ISIL were being helped by businessman Nurali T., who led a network based in Zeytinburnu, which produced counterfeit Turkish passports numbering up to 100,000 distributed to Uyghurs from China to help them go to Turkey form where they would enter Iraq and Syria to join ISIL. Uyghurs from China would travel to Malaysia via Cambodia and Thailand and then to Turkey, since

111-561: A prevalent issue in Tuzla. Frequent deaths of shipyard workers have become a common occurrence in Tuzla. This has led to criticism of the government for their lack of control of illegal employment and inaction in regards to companies and improving their working conditions. In February and March 2008, thousands of workers went on strike for better wages and conditions. The police intervened in the demonstrations, and 86 workers were taken into police custody, 15 of them injured. The mayor of Tuzla during

148-674: A property deed of 1388. After the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the name Kyklobion was transferred to the Yedikule Fortress by the local Greeks, and the original site was abandoned. Ruins of the original circular fortress survived until the 19th century, where the Austrian traveller Hammer-Purgstall saw them. Its name at the time was called in Greek Elaion Akra , "Cape of the Olive Trees";

185-464: A result, Zeytinburnu became the site of over 50 police sweeps against "East Turkistanis" (Uyghurs), Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, and Uzbeks. Zeytinburnu is infamous for being used by Syria-destined jihadists as a transit point. An Uzbek national committed the nightclub attack according to the Turkish police. Turkish media said he was from the "East Turkestan" wing of ISIS. Erdoğan's government has deliberately facilitated

222-604: A storm on 29 December 1999, the Russian oil tanker Volgoneft broke in two in the Sea of Marmara, spilling more than 1,500 tonnes of oil into the water. In 2021 the shores of the Sea of Marmara were disfigured by marine mucilage - nicknamed 'sea snot' - caused, at least in part, by the dumping of untreated waste into the water. Towns and cities on the coast of the Sea of Marmara include: Bursa Province Çanakkale Province Tekirdağ Province Tuzla, Istanbul Tuzla

259-515: A top-flight football team in the early 1990s, is now languishing in the minor leagues. Arif Erdem and Emre Belözoğlu started their careers here. Matjaž Cvikl (1967–1999) from the Slovenia national football team also played there. The women's football team played once in the Turkish Women's First Football League . The 2010-established men's ice hockey team of Zeytinburnu Belediyespor finished

296-521: A visa is not needed for travel between Turkey and Malaysia, then stay at locations in Istanbul, and then go to Iraq and Syria by traveling to southeastern Turkey. The information was revealed by AG who participates in the network, who noted that even though Turkish authorities are able to detect the fake passports they do not deport the Uyghurs and allow them into Turkey. AG said that: “Turkey has secret deals with

333-705: Is twinned with: Marmara Sea The Sea of Marmara , also known as the Sea of Marmora or the Marmara Sea , is a small inland sea located entirely within the borders of Turkey . It connects the Black Sea to the Aegean Sea via the Bosporus and Dardanelles straits, separating Turkey’s European and Asian sides. It has an area of 11,350 km (4,380 sq mi), and its dimensions are 280 km × 80 km (174 mi × 50 mi). Its greatest depth

370-556: Is 1,370 m (4,490 ft). The Sea of Marmara is named after the largest island on its south side, called Marmara Island because it is rich in marble ( Greek μάρμᾰρον , mármaron 'marble'). In classical antiquity , it was known as the Propontis , from the Greek words pro 'before' and pontos 'sea', reflecting the fact that the Ancient Greeks used to sail through it to reach

407-457: Is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province , Turkey . It has a population of 288,878 (2022) and a land area of 138 km . It is on the Asian side of the city next to the municipality of Pendik . Tuzla is on a headland on the coast of Marmara Sea , at the eastern limit of the city. The mayor is Eren Ali Bingöl ( CHP ). The Greek name for the headland was Akritas (Ακρίτας). During

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444-570: Is first attested during the reign of Justinian I (527–565). Kyklobion was used as the landing-site of the Arab armies on both of their assaults on Constantinople, in 674 and in 717 . In the early 8th century, the iconodule Saint Hilarion was kept prisoner in the local monastery on the orders of Emperor Leo V the Armenian (r. 813–820). The site is again, and for the last time in Byzantine times, mentioned in

481-409: Is home to many refugees of Syrian origin. Zeytinburnu is a very crowded county of İstanbul, so it undergoes a dense housing. Around coastal areas of Zeytinburnu the government ignored the court decisions and committed gentrification and ecocide . While public lands next to the coast were transformed to residences, between Zeytinburnu and its coast a concrete wall was constructed. Zeytinburnuspor ,

518-501: Is next to the west part of the North Anatolian Fault , according to KOERI-UDİM possibility of an earthquake with M=7.0 in the next 50 years is 60,2% so Zeytinburnu is seismically at risk. According to the study carried out in 2024, amount of tree cover in Zeytinburnu is 151 Hectare, and its tree cover's percentage is 13.02%. The tree cover of Zeytinburnu has been mostly limited to its graveyards recently, so this district presents

555-400: Is possibly exaggerated nowadays, and steps are being taken to smarten up the area. Most residents are working class, recent migrants from Anatolia, typically lacking in education. However, the younger generations are more educated thus changing the demographic shape of Zeytinburnu. To integrate the district with the rest of Istanbul, the municipality has improved the transportation by extending

592-654: Is privately owned by the Koç family of industrialists. The North Anatolian Fault runs under the sea and has triggered several major earthquakes , such as those in Izmit and Düzce in August and November 1999 respectively. The August 1999 earthquake is commonly referred to as the Marmara Earthquake since its epicentre lay under the Sea and most of the places worst affected by the quake and ensuing tsunami lay along its shores. During

629-821: The Susurluk , Biga (Granicus), and Gönen Rivers also reduces the salinity of the sea, though with less effect than on the Black Sea. With little land in Thrace draining southward, almost all of these rivers flow from Anatolia . There are two main groups of islands in the Sea of Marmara. To the north lie the Princes' Islands , an archipelago made up of the inhabited islands of Kınaliada , Burgazada , Heybeliada , Büyükada and Sedef Adası and several uninhabited islands including Sivriada , Yassıada , Kaşıkadası and Tavşanadası . The inhabited islands are readily accessible by ferry from both

666-550: The Aegean Sea [A line joining Kum Kale (26°11'E) and Cape Helles ]. On the Northeast . A line joining Cape Rumili with Cape Anatoli (41°13′N). The sea's south coast is heavily indented and includes the Gulf of İzmit ( Turkish : İzmit Körfezi ), the Gulf of Gemlik ( Turkish : Gemlik Körfezi ), the Gulf of Bandırma ( Turkish : Bandırma Körfezi ), and the Gulf of Erdek ( Turkish : Erdek Körfezi ). The surface salinity of

703-582: The Black Sea , which they called Pontos . In Greek mythology , a storm on the Propontis brought the Argonauts back to an island they had left, precipitating a battle in which either Jason or Heracles killed King Cyzicus , who had mistaken them for his Pelasgian enemies. The International Hydrographic Organization defines the limits of the Sea of Marmara as follows: On the West . The Dardanelles limit of

740-504: The 2013–14 Turkish Ice Hockey Super League (TBHSL) season as the runner-up. They became the champion in the following 2014–15 and 2015–16 seasons. Zeytinburnu Stadium with a total capacity of 16,000 people, is home to the football teams of Zeytinburnu. The Zeytinburnu Ice Rink , opened in 2016, is a mobile ice rink , which hosted the home 2015–16 season matches of the Zeytinburnu Belediyespor ice hockey team. Zeytinburnu

777-523: The European and Asian shores of İstanbul and the entire archipelago forms part of the conurbation. To the south lie the Marmara Islands , an archipelago made up of the eponymous Marmara Island and three other inhabited islands – Avşa , Paşalimanı and Ekinlik – as well as of seventeen largely uninhabited islands including the prison island of Imralı whose most famous prisoner, since 1999, has been

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814-468: The Late Roman and early Byzantine period. The leather industry has largely moved out to Tuzla now but the rows of six-storey blocks of housing and textiles remain. Although some improvements have been made to the streets and drainage, the area still has a stereotypical reputation for being the home of tough men and uncontrollable youths who drive around in cars blasting out pop music at high-volume. This

851-528: The Marmara averages about 22 parts per thousand, which is slightly more than that of the Black Sea , but only about two-thirds that of most oceans . The water is much more saline at the bottom of the sea, averaging a salinity of around 38 parts per thousand, similar to that of the Mediterranean Sea . This high-density saline water does not migrate to the surface as is also the case with the Black Sea. Water from

888-541: The PKK leader Abdullah Öcalan . These islands lie within Balıkesir province and are most readily accessible from Tekirdağ in Thrace or Erdek on the southern shore of the Sea of Marmara. In high summer additional ferries travel to Avşa and Marmara Islands from the centre of İstanbul to facilitate a growing tourist trade. There are also a few individual islands elsewhere in the Sea of Marmara, such as Koç Adası, off Tuzla , which

925-501: The Uighurs. The authorities first confiscate the passports but then release the individuals.” Seven Uyghur restaurant workers, who provided money to the perpetrator of the 2017 Istanbul nightclub attack for his taxi fare, were arrested in Zeytinburnu. The restaurant was owned by Şemseddin Dursun. The Seferoğlu Sokak-based Uyghurs in Zeytinburnu aided the attacker when he fled the nightclub. As

962-630: The appearance of a concrete jungle. There are 13 neighbourhoods in Zeytinburnu District: Zeytinburnu was a fortress and settlement known as Kyklobion ( Greek : Κυκλόβιον ) or Strongylon ( Στρογγυλόν ) during the Byzantine period, its name referring to the circular shape of the fortress. The fortress was built in Late Antiquity as part of a series of strongholds that guarded the coastal road leading to Constantinople . It

999-462: The cityside. Travelling to Kadıköy from Tuzla by public transport takes around 40 minutes to an hour, while the European side transit hubs of Eminönü and Beşiktaş are another 30 minutes away by ferry. The local birdlife is primarily sustained by the wetland from the coast, which has since largely deteriorated due to the accelerating growth of the city as well as environmental product dumping by factories. To this day, environmental pollution remains

1036-510: The economy of the district. Olivium Outlet Center was opened in 2000, a modern shopping mall with cinemas, with many shops specializing in factory surpluses, bringing new shopping opportunities for the people of Zeytinburnu and surrounding districts. The mall attracts many visitors on weekends. There is an Alevi community served by the Erikli Baba Cemevi . There are large minority groups of Kazakhs and Turkmens , who generally work in

1073-418: The end of the 1980s, fishing had been largely overtaken by industrial services, particularly shipbuilding; the shipyards of Tuzla remain active. Farming continues to be prevalent around the inland parts of Tuzla. Tuzla is most well known for its seafront and its abundance of fish restaurants. It is also a popular location for wealthy or retired residents of Istanbul to move into houses that are further away from

1110-501: The first Gecekondu districts. In other words, most of the buildings were built illegally, without infrastructure, and without any aesthetical concern. In the 1960s legislation was passed to prevent this type of building but by then this type of development had become unstoppable. At first these were little brick-built single storey cottages. From the 1970s onwards the little houses were replaced by multi-storey concrete apartment blocks built in rows with no space in between. In most cases

1147-543: The ground floor was used as a small textile workshop, and thus Zeytinburnu became a bustling industrial area with a large residential population living above the workshops. All this was still illegal, unplanned and lacked the infrastructure and the aesthetic appeal. After a heavy rain the streets would run with dirty water for days. Mosaic floor tiles were discovered during the restoration of the Zeytinburnu Kazlıçeşme Cultural Center. The mosaics date to

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1184-418: The modern Turkish name has the same meaning. From the early 19th century onwards Zeytinburnu was an industrial village, centred on the leather industry of the area called Kazlıçeşme , which being on the coast with a good water supply was well suited to leather production. (the area was named for a fountain with a goose carved into the stonework, the fountain is still in existence). Up until the mid-20th century

1221-470: The modern tram line to Zeytinburnu, and the main tram station is now at the intersection of the metro line leading to Atatürk International Airport and Aksaray and fast tram lines leading to Istanbul's inter-city coach station and the old city in Eminönü . Moreover, Zeytinburnu has a station on the suburban railway line Sirkeci-Halkalı . Other important projects have improved the transportation, life quality and

1258-754: The reign of the Ottoman Empire , a majority of inhabitants of Tuzla were Greek farmers and fishermen. The local Greek population of Tuzla was exchanged with the Turkish population of Salonica , Kavala and Drama during the population exchange between Greece and Turkey following the Treaty of Lausanne and the foundation of the Turkish Republic in 1923. There are 17 neighbourhoods in Tuzla District: While fishing boats are still present in Tuzla today, by

1295-591: The residents were an urban mix of Greeks, Armenians, Bulgarians, Jews and Turks and still today the Yedikule Surp Pırgiç Armenian Hospital is active in Kazlıçeşme, and has a museum in the grounds. The character of Zeytinburnu changed when a large wave of immigrants from Anatolia came and settled there from 1950 on. Zeytinburnu is an important lesson for city planning in Turkey, because it was one of

1332-680: The textile industry, contributing to the Turkish economy. The Zeytinburnu-based NASCO NASREDDIN HOLDING A.S. was categorized as an Al-Qaeda ally by the United Nations. It was involved in terrorist financing. The Romanian government legislated this status for Zeytinburnu Nasco Nasreddin Holding A. S., as well as the Slovakian government. On December 10, 2014, in Zeytinburnu, an assassin killed the anti- Uzbekistan government Islamist Uzbek Imam Shaykh Abdullah Bukhoroy (Abdullah Bukhari). It took place outside of

1369-455: The travel of Jihadist Uyghurs through Zeytinburnu, with Turkish intelligence involved and the nightclub massacre at Reina is a result of this. Turkey nabbed Abuliezi Abuduhamiti and Omar Asim, both Uyghurs. There are more than 100,000 unregistered people of Xinjiang and Central Asian origin in Zeytinburnu. Zeytinburnu, among other districts such as Küçükçekmece , Başakşehir , Bağcılar , Gaziosmanpaşa , Esenler , Bayrampaşa , and Fatih ,

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