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24-644: Zakharyan is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: The rulers of the Zakarid dynasty were known as Zakarians. They include: Zakarid dynasty During the 13th century, the Zakarids held the highest offices in the Georgian government , as Atabegs (Governor General) and Amirspasalars (Commander-in-Chief of the Army) of the Kingdom of Georgia . The dynasty

48-580: A great fortune, governing all of northern Armenia; Zakare and his descendants ruled in northwestern Armenia with Ani as their capital, while Ivane and his offspring ruled eastern Armenia, including the city of Dvin. Both brothers left several bilingual inscriptions across the Armeno-Georgian border lands and built several churches and forts, such as the Harichavank Monastery and Akhtala Monastery in northern Armenia. The family went in decline with

72-469: A large cultural and enlightenment center of medieval Armenia. At the end of the 12th and the beginning of the 13th century, two monumental gavits ( narthexes ) were built of big stones, some measuring 3.5 meters. The larger narthex (gavit) is adjacent to the western facade of the cathedral and is linked to the northern apse of the Church of St. Gregory. It is a rectangular building supported by four pillars, with

96-569: A period of Georgian political domination of about a hundred years, while Armenians became prominent in trade and among the urban populations of Gori and Tbilisi . The Zakarids became vassals of the House of Orbeli . Under George III of Georgia , Sargis Zakarian was appointed as governor of the Armenian city of Ani in 1161, however it was soon recaptured by the Shaddadids . In 1177, the Zakarids supported

120-474: A refectory with a kitchen and a bakery, a school, a hostel for monks and disciples, an inn, stores and cattlesheds. Greenery was planted in the yards. South of the monastery, on a steep cliff, stands the Hermitage Chapel. In the cemetery there are ruins of a small single-nave basilica of the fifth century with annexes in the sides of the altar apse and interesting tombstones with ornamented slabs dating from

144-583: A stalactite carving in the central part of the ceiling. Over 800 years the monastery was repeatedly reconstructed. Damages inflicted on it were repaired and small annexes and chapels were added to it at various times. The largest of these dates back to the second half of the 19th century, when Harich was made the summer audience of the Katholikos of Echmiadzin in 1850. The monastery grounds expanded northwards and were encircled with walls and towers. New one- and two-storey structures were erected: Katholikos’ offices,

168-465: Is usually placed in the category of so-called "Mastara-style" churches (named after the fifth century church of St. Hovhannes in the village of Mastara, in the southern part of Shirak ). The founding date of the monastery is unknown, but probably it was built no later than the 7th century, when St. Gregory was erected. Harichavank was occupied and modified by the Kipchak Turks from 1120 to 1191, but

192-535: The Kingdom of Georgia by his nephew, King George V "the Brilliant". Harichavank Monastery The Harichavank ( Armenian : Հառիճավանք ; transliterated as Harijavank or Harichavank ) is a 7th century Armenian monastery located near the village of Harich (Armenian: Հառիճ) in the Shirak Province of Armenia . The village is 3 km southeast of the town of Artik . Harichavank known as one of

216-522: The Zakarides restored the traditional decoration when then restored sovereignty after 1191. The Cathedral of the Holy Mother of God (Սբ. Աստվածածին) that dominates the monastic complex was built by the orders of Zakare Zakarian , Amirspasalar (commander-in-chief) and Prince who ruled Eastern Armenia in the 13th century together with his brother Ivane Zakarian , and completed in 1201. Prince Zakare started

240-574: The 18th century the branch of the Zakarids–Mkhargrdzeli ;entered the ranks of the Russian Empire nobility and became known as Argutinsky-Dolgorukov . The Zakarids held some of the highest offices in the Georgian government . Ivane I Zakarian was the first Atabeg of the Georgian kingdom under King Tamar from 1207 and remaining in office until his death in 1227. From 1217, he also became Amirspasalar , Commander-in-Chief of

264-604: The Cathedral after he bought Harich from a family representing the Pahlavuni dynasty. The narthex or zhamatun was built soon after, before 1219, by a vassal of the Zakarids , Vahram. The Cathedral is a cruciform church with two-story sacristies in each of the four extensions of the building. The tall 20-hedral drum of the cupola is of original style. Initially tent-roofed, it acquired triple columns on its facets and large rosettes in

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288-539: The Georgian army). The Zakarids were so successful and talentuous, with land holdings throughout Armenia and Georgia, that they were promoted to the highest posts in the Georgian government, despite their Kurdish-Armenian origins and the fact that they followed the Monophysite Christian faith rather than Diophysite faith of the Georgians. The brothers, Zakare and Ivane Zakarian, who were sons of Sargis, were

312-636: The Georgian army, thus creating a new unified office of Atabeg - Amirspasalar . This high office was inherited by his son Avag Zakarian in 1227, and by Zakare III Zakarian in 1250. They resisted the invasions of the Khwarizmians of Jalal al-Din as well as the Mongol invasions of Georgia in 1221-1235, but the Mongol victors gave the office to the renegade Sadun of Mankaberd in 1272. In 1281, Demetrius II of Georgia blocked Sadun's son Khutlubuga from getting

336-514: The establishment of Mongol power in the Caucasus. When the Khwarazmian Empire invaded the region, Dvin was ruled by the aging Ivane, who had given Ani to his nephew Shahnshah , son of Zakare. Dvin was lost, but Kars and Ani did not surrender. However, when Mongols took Ani in 1236, they had a friendly attitude towards the Zakarids. They confirmed Shanshe in his fief, and even added to it

360-615: The fief of Avag , son of Ivane. Further, in 1243, they gave Akhlat to the princess Tamta , daughter of Ivane. After the Mongols captured Ani in 1236, the Zakarids ruled not as vassals of the Bagratids, but rather the Mongols . The later kings of Zakarids continued their control over Ani until the 1360, when they lost to the Kara Koyunlu Turkoman tribes, who made Ani their capital. In

384-636: The first large-scale migration of Kurdish tribes to the Caucasus. However, most of the migrants eventually converted to Christianity and became fully assimilated into the Georgian society, around the same time, Ivane converted to Georgian Orthodox Christianity, while Zakare remained Armenian Apostolic in faith. The brothers commanded the Armenian-Georgian armies for almost three decades, achieving major victories at Shamkor in 1195 and Basen in 1203 and leading raids into northern Iran in 1210 and suppression of rebellions of mountaineers in 1212. They amassed

408-559: The monarchy against the insurgents during the rebellion of Prince Demna and the Orbeli family . The uprising was suppressed, and George III persecuted his opponents and elevated the Zakarids. Sargis was granted Lori during the reign of the Tamar of Georgia in 1186, starting a long period during which the Zakarids held some of the highest positions at the Georgian court, such as Atabeg (Governor General) and Amirspasalar (Commander-in-Chief of

432-520: The most famous monastic centers in Armenia and it was especially renowned for its school and scriptorium . Archaeological excavations of 1966 indicate that Harich was in existence during the 2nd century BC, and was one of the more well known fortress towns in Armenia. The oldest part of this Armenian monastery is the Church of St. Gregory the Enlightener (Սբ. Գրիգոր Լուսավորիչ); it is a domed structure that

456-505: The most successful representatives of the family, who were military commanders under King Tamar. Zakare and Ivane took Dvin in 1193. They also took Sevan, Bjni, Amberd and Bargushat, and all the towns above the city of Ani , up to the bridge of Khodaafarin bridge . Around the year 1199, they took the city of Ani, and in 1201, Tamar gave Ani to them as a principality . Eventually, their territories came to resemble those of Bagratid Armenia. Their achievements under King Tamar also facilitated

480-454: The office of atabeg , and instead promoted Tarsaich Orbelian of the Orbelians . Khutlubuga then conspired to have Demetrius II excecuted by the Mongols in 1289, and finally obtained the atabegate . The Zakarids recovered the office of atabeg in the early 14th century. From 1306, the office definitively went away from the Zakarids, as Sargis II Jaqeli was made Amirspasalar and Atabeg of

504-525: The piers which, together with platbands, form an unusual decorative girder around the middle of the drum height. Later, the cupola drum of the Gandzasar Monastery (1216-1238) was decorated in the same way. The eastern facade of the Cathedral features a relief carving depicting the Zakarian brothers holding a model of the Cathedral in their hands. This theme can be found in many other Armenian churches of

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528-506: The same time in different parts of Armenia, and were endowed with similar compositional and decorative characteristics (another example—Cathedral of the Hovhannavank Monastery ). Those include umbrella-shaped dome, cruciform floor plan, narthex (often with stalactite-ornamented ceiling), and high-relief of a large cross on one of church’s walls. The privileges granted by the princes to the monastery contributed towards its becoming

552-676: The time e.g. on the Memorial Cathedral of the Dadivank Monastery in Nagorno Karabakh , as well as on main churches of the Sanahin and Haghartsin monasteries in Armenia. This relief was covered in 1895 with a marble plaque featuring Madonna ; when the plaque was removed, the original carving showed beneath. Haritchavank’s Cathedral belongs to the category of " Gandzasar -style" ecclesiastical edifices that were built approximately at

576-509: Was of Armenian or Kurdish origin. The first historically traceable Zakarid was Khosrov Zakarian in the early 11th century. During the next hundred years the Zakarids became vassals of the Bagrationi kings, and gained prominence at the Georgian court. In the 1120s, David IV of Georgia liberated parts of Armenia ( Lori Province ) from the grip of the Seljuk Empire , starting

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