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37-504: Construction began in the spring of 1937. The new dorm was built just east of Saint Edward’s Hall on the site of the minim's extension (a structure that was added to Saint Edward's Hall) and the temporary dorm called Sophomore Hall (built in 1923), a wooden-framed structure that was demolished around 1935. Zahm was the third building constructed on North Quad – at the time called the “east campus.” The Boston architecture firm of Maginnis and Walsh designed it, together with Cavanaugh hall and

74-413: A bystander can ask for someone else to help intervene in the situation. The 3 D's work in situations of high risk to act as reactive Green Dots. Examples of proactive Green Dots are creating social media campaigns, checking-in with friends, promoting awareness, and hosting green dot sports games. Examples of reactive Green Dots include: directly confronting a situation, distracting by changing

111-403: A fire broke out around 9 AM and engulfed the roof and the fourth floor of the building, likely caused by workers who were installing a sprinkler system. Four firemen were injured in fighting the blaze and the fire was put out by 11:30 AM. No students were in the building since the semester had ended, and the only resident was the rector Fr. Mario Pedi. The fire resulted in extensive damage, although

148-540: A manicured lawn in front of the building. An annex was built on the east side of the hall in 1898 to make room for a gym, a roller skating rink, and more classrooms. In 1925, Knute Rockne received his First Holy Communion in the Chapel of Saint Edward the Confessor . In 1929 president Charles L. O’Donnell decided to abandon the boarding school program, and the hall was converted into an undergraduate residence hall (since

185-722: A mural by the Vatican muralist Luigi Gregori , whose work also adorns the Main Building, and the Basilica of the Sacred Heart . The mural depicts a meeting between Father Sorin and the local Native Americans at the founding of the University in 1842. The residence hall is the oldest building on campus currently in use as an undergraduate dormitory, and its original wing is constructed of the signature yellow bricks dredged by Holy Cross religious from

222-761: A public health priority. A recent study of 2,504 college undergraduate students between 18 and 24 looked at the impact of bystander intervention on college campuses. The study found that 46% of the students surveyed had heard a Green Dot speech on their college campus. Out of the sample size surveyed, only 14% had received active bystander training in the past two years. Students trained in Green Dot bystander intervention reported engaging in significantly more bystander behaviors and observing more self-reported active bystander behaviors compared to non-trained students. Those receiving bystander intervention training appeared to report more active bystander behaviors than those simply hearing

259-510: A troubling culture." Reactions to the shutdown of Zahm Hall were mixed. Residents of the dorm protested the move by marching on South Quad and in front of the Main Building , arguing that the university's decision was unjust and saying that the dorm's negative reputation was undeserved. The Observer , a student newspaper, published claims by some students that the dorm's culture enabled an increased frequency of sexual assault. Those opposed to

296-454: Is created from the concepts and lessons learned through research and theory across disciplines including: violence against women , diffusion of innovation, public health , social networking , psychology , bystander dynamics , perpetration, and marketing/advertising. A Green Dot is a behavior, choice, or action that promotes safety for everyone. It communicates intolerance for sexual violence , dating violence , and stalking . The goal

333-452: Is to promote safety on college campuses. Green Dot develops programs, strategies, curriculum, and training courses designed to address power-based personal violence across environments. Training strategies include: strategic planning, bystander mobilization, communication, and coalition building . The program provides training courses for leadership and professionals that focus on the core areas necessary for successful implementation of

370-713: Is to reduce power-based violence by being a proactive bystander and a reactive bystander. Title IX of the 1972 Education Amendment is a tool meant to combat campus violence. The law requires colleges and universities to fight gender-based violence , harassment , and respond to the needs of survivors promoting equal educational access. The Green Dot Bystander Intervention Program was founded in 2006 by Dr. Dorothy Edwards. The program trains people about sexual assault and domestic violence on college campuses, primary and secondary schools, and communities. It develops and offers training for sexual assault and domestic violence. The method teaches students to intervene by using

407-495: The Luigi Gregori fresco on the second floor and the stained glass windows were saved. The university decided to restore the hall (which was 98 years old art the time) instead of demolishing and building a new one, and reconstruction started on October 1. While the hall was being rebuilt, the 124 residents of St. Edward's had to be assigned to makeshift housing in portions of Grace, Flanner, and Columba Halls. The intramural teams for

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444-595: The University of Notre Dame and one of sixteen male dormitories. Saint Edward's Hall is located directly east of the Main Administration Building and is directly west of Zahm Hall and houses 162 undergraduate students. The dorm community and culture are not as old as Sorin College (1888) as it was established as an undergraduate residence hall 30 years later. However the building itself was built in 1882 to house

481-499: The V-12 Navy program from 1943 to 1944. Over the years, Zahm Hall garnered a reputation on campus, and has been the center of many contentions with the administration and other dorms. According to one legend, this stereotype comes from the early days of the university, when Zahm, at the time being the farthest hall from the academic and dining halls, was always picked last by students. Since picks were in order by GPA , Zahm often hosted

518-451: The 134 before the fire. The cost of the project was 2 million dollars, 1 million of which had come from insurance. Saint Edward's Hall's signature annual event is Founder's Week. It is celebrated during the week of October 13 and it includes a badminton tournament, historical lectures, a festival in St. Edward's Park, and a special dormitory Mass. There is also an annual spring excursion to Chicago,

555-404: The 2022-2023 academic year and the women of Breen-Phillips Hall during the 2023-2024 academic year. Currently, the men of Fisher Hall are scheduled to move into Zahm Hall with the beginning of the 2024-2025 academic year. St. Edward%27s Hall (University of Notre Dame) St. Edward's Hall (also referred to as St. Ed's or Steds ) is one of the 32 Residence Halls on the campus of

592-406: The 3 D's: Direct, Delegating the responsibility to others, and creating a Distraction to defuse a potentially dangerous situation. As described by Green Dot an example of this is in a situation at a party, intervening could mean that instead of calling out an inebriated student, an individual can create a distraction by "accidentally" spilling their drink on a potential aggressor. Prior to creating

629-731: The Biology hall (now Haggar Hall). The designs of Cavanaugh and Zahm Halls are nearly identical. They were erected despite the lack of funds during the Great Depression . The dorm, with its brick exterior, limestone stone, and slate roof, was finished in time for the opening of the school in September 1937 and housed 193 men. At its construction, it joined Brownson and Cavanaugh halls to host freshmen, while Carroll, Lyons, Morrissey, and Badin were for sophomores, Howard, Dillon, and Saint Edward’s for Juniors, and Sorin, Walsh, and Alumni for seniors. Zahm Hall

666-610: The Yacht Dance, in which the Gentlemen take part in a dance aboard a chartered yacht. St. Ed's main dorm rivalry is with Sorin Hall . Fr. Ralph Haag, C.S.C., is the current rector of Saint Edward's Hall. The building is in Second Empire style. The Chapel of St. Edward the Confessor contains eight stained glass windows depicting various saints, Saints Edward, Anthony, and Andrew, while

703-517: The boarding school for the minims program, ages six to thirteen, which was growing and reached a population of a 100 in 1883. The hall was designed by Charles Harding, C.S.C, in Notre Dame yellow brick in French style, with a Mansard roof and named after Edward Sorin 's patron saint. The cornerstone was laid on 20 April 1882 by Sorin himself. It had dormitories, classrooms, recreation rooms, refectory, and

740-523: The college population was growing and space badly needed) under the direction of professor and architect Vincent Fagan in June 1929. The open dormitory was converted into double rooms, while the chapel was left untouched, and it opened in September to house 207 undergraduates. The hall's first rector was Raymond Clancy, C.S.C. The building annex was demolished to make space for Zahm Hall in 1937. The facade received minor renovations in 1976. On 25 June 1980 when

777-415: The conversation and the energy of the interaction or by distracting the individuals, or delegating by finding someone who will be more successful in fixing the problem (bar tender, other friends, Police officer, etc.) Ann Coker at the University of Kentucky's Center for Research on Violence Against Women (CRVAW) led a study pertaining to the effectiveness at Green Dots' reduction of sexual violence. In

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814-408: The dorm was "impossible to determine", citing a lack of public data. The Observer also reported that a series of mass emails distributed among Zahm residents featured references to heavy drinking, party culture, racial slurs, and jokes about sexual assault. As a swing dorm, the men of Sorin Hall took up residence in the dorm during the 2021-2022 academic year, as did the men of Alumni Hall during

851-467: The fall semester and their SYR (Screw Your Roommate) dance, Decade Dance, in the spring semester. Zahm was known for its raucous reputation on campus. Its residents referred to it as Zahm House . Zahm Hall exhibited a large "Here Come The Irish" sign on the side of the building facing the North Quad during home football games. The mascot of the hall was Ignats, a stuffed moose 's head acquired in 1979. It

888-526: The hall were kept during that time, in order to maintain hall spirit alive. During reconstruction, the two story, detached annex to the north was torn down, and replaced by a four-story addition in style matching the rest of the hall with a French mansard roof . The addition gave the building its current L shape. The old annex, while not damaged by the fire, was in poor state. The renovated building, which featured expanded social and study spaces, improved stairwells, and an elevator, housed 187 students compared to

925-527: The least accomplished students. In the 1960s, the University dropped academic requirements for first housing picks, and students were henceforth assigned randomly to residence halls before they arrived on campus their freshman year. One of the points of contention was the fraternity atmosphere fostered in the community, bolstered by hazing , streaking , vandalism, rowdiness, and the self-imposed moniker of "Zahm House". Fraternities and sororities are not allowed on campus, as they are described as in opposition to

962-613: The liberty of equal education. A majority of sexual assaults involving college students also involve drugs and alcohol. A female or male who is incapacitated due to drugs and alcohol is legally incapable of giving consent and someone who has sex with an incapacitated person can be prosecuted for rape . The goal of Green Dot is to implement a bystander intervention strategy that prevents and reduces power-based personal violence. Power-based violence includes: sexual violence , domestic violence , dating violence , stalking , child abuse , elder abuse , and bullying . The curriculum

999-445: The marl found in the University's two lakes. Green Dot Bystander Intervention Green Dot Bystander Intervention is a bystander education approach that aims to prevent violence with the help of bystanders. It is built on the premise that violence can be measurably and systematically reduced within a community. Bystander intervention as a way of violence prevention programs are becoming popular within society. Its mission

1036-570: The minims, Notre Dame's boarding school program. When such program was discontinued in 1929, the building was converted to an undergraduate residence hall, which it has been ever since. Together with other historical structures of the university, it is on the National Register of Historic Places . The coat of arms is the Cross of Saint Edward the Confessor on a green background. Matthew J. Walsh decided to build Saint Edward's Hall in 1882 to house

1073-536: The other five show scenes from the life of Jesus. The glass was produced by the Carmelite stained glass atelier in Le Mans . Two were designed by Eugène Hucher and sons studios 1888 and four by his student Albert Echivard in 1912. The same French company also completed a large stained glass portrait of the University's founder Father Edward Sorin, which is found in the central stairwell. In addition, St. Edward's second floor has

1110-427: The program, Edwards worked as the University of Kentucky's Violence Intervention and Prevention Director where she discovered that individuals were not sure how to respond when witnessing a potential sexual assault . In her first year of running the program she trained 10 individuals, but by the time she left the University of Kentucky she was training 3,500 students and volunteers. The initiative led by Dr. Edwards

1147-534: The program. The Green Dot bystander program uses four training modules to educate bystanders on their impact. The heart of the Green Dot Bystander Intervention program are the 3 D's: direct, distract, and delegate. Direct interaction with the potential perpetrator or victim can be used to address concern. Through Distraction a bystander can create a diversion to diffuse the potentially problematic situation. Lastly, through delegation

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1184-472: The study, CRVAW found a greater than 50% reduction in the self-reported frequency of sexual violence perpetration by students at schools that received Green Dot training. The CRVAW study also found a 40% reduction in self-reported frequency of total violence perpetration including sexual violence , sexual harassment , stalking , and dating violence . Ann Coker, and the CRVAW team identify violence prevention as

1221-446: The university's decision contested this notion, citing the high rate of Green Dot Bystander Intervention certification of dorm residents, pointing out that there was no data to support the claim that sexual assaults happened more frequently in Zahm, and saying that the tight knit community ensured accountability. The Observer later reported that the number of sexual assaults that occurred in

1258-517: The university's educational and residential mission. In 2001, Zahm Hall residents were disciplined for purposely vomiting and throwing fruit at the window of rector of Keenan Hall . Zahm Hall was best known for its practice of streaking during the Bun Run. The Zahm residents run naked across various campus locations, usually the weekend before final exams. This practice led to controversy and debate. Zahm also hosted their formal dance, known as "Zormal" in

1295-522: Was announced that Zahm Hall would become a temporary and host the Sorin Hall community for the 2021-2022 school year. The university cited vandalism inside and outside the dorm, a troubling culture and conduct of the dorm, deliberate lack of adherence to COVID-19 protocols (it was reported earlier that Zahm had twice the rate of cases than any other dorm), and disrespect for university officials, rector turnover, and "years of unsuccessful intervention to alter

1332-432: Was dedicated to Rev. John Augustine Zahm , CSC. Zahm was a priest, naturalist and scientist at Notre Dame, and was the pioneer of the study of natural sciences at the University. The first rector of the hall was Reverend John A. Molter, C.S.C. Other rectors included Charles I. McCarragher (1945-1953), James L. Shilts (1960-1967) and, Thomas Blantz (1967-1970). The hall also housed Navy and Marines officers in training for

1369-576: Was supported by a new focus on bystanders in The White House . Green Dot, Bringing in the Bystander, and Coaching Boys Into Men are preventative bystander programs that have begun to make cultural changes. Sexual violence in schools and on campuses is a pressing civil rights issue. According to the National Women's Law Center students who suffer from sexual assault and harassment are deprived

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