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62-509: The Holgate Road carriage works was a railway carriage manufacturing factory in the Holgate area of York , England. The factory began production in 1884 as a planned expansion and replacement of the North Eastern Railway 's Queen Street site; the works was substantially expanded in 1897–1900, and saw further modernisations through the 20th century. The works passed to the ownership of

124-572: A Traffic Apprenticeship Scheme to attract graduates, train young managers and provide supervision by assistant general manager Robert Bell for career planning. The company adopted a regional managerial system, with general managers based in London, York and Edinburgh, and for a short time, Aberdeen. For passenger services, Sir Nigel Gresley , the Chief Mechanical Engineer built new powerful locomotives and new coaches. Later developments such as

186-604: A complete train which was produced for the Director General of Transportation. In 1920 the carriage works had 13.5 acres (5.5 ha) of buildings on a site of 45 acres (18 ha). The works built all of the coaching stock of the NER, plus much of the East Coast Joint Stock and Great Northern and North-Eastern Joint Stock, as well as undertaking most of the NER's carriage repairs. The site consisted of two main buildings on

248-527: A free hand. William Barribal designed a series of bold Art Deco posters in the 1920s and 1930s. When Teasdale was promoted to Assistant General Manager, this philosophy was carried on by Cecil Dandridge who succeeded him and was the Advertising Manager until nationalisation in 1948. Dandridge was largely responsible for the adoption of the Gill Sans typeface, later adopted by British Railways. The LNER

310-465: A glass store and paintshop. Overall the carriage works employed 1,500 persons. At the start of this period a survey by the LNER showed that York Works had a construction capacity of 200 coaches per year and to improve capacity the varnishing shop was converted to provide extra build capacity in 1924. The London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) added traversers ( c.  1930s ) at the west and east end of

372-548: A large lifting shop adjacent south of the main works building. Electric and gas shops were also added and additional stores, plus servicing and washing sheds to the west. The expansion of buildings was mostly complete by 1900, excluding a wagon (rulley) shop built 1904. A large wood drying store allowed a ready supply of seasoned woods for carriage manufacture. In 1903 two 53.5 feet (16.3 m), 35 long tons (36 t) Petrol Electric Autocars were built, numbers 3170 and 3171, early examples of electric transmission in rail vehicles;

434-679: A maintenance facility, servicing amongst other things the rail head treatment trains. Separately the wagon works off Cinder Lane have been developed by Freightliner as an important maintenance depot for their mineral carrying wagons. There are small groupings of retail shops and stores throughout the Holgate area. English Martyr's Roman Catholic Voluntary Aided Primary in Hamilton Drive was originally located in Blossom Street and opened in March 1882, it

496-511: A part of the manor of Acomb in the Ainsty of York . It became a separate civil parish in 1866, but the civil parish was abolished on 26 March 1900 and merged with York. In 1891 the parish had a population of 1073. The city boundary of York was expanded by local legislation, in 1884, to include Holgate. Until 1974 it was in the North Riding of Yorkshire . The Fox pub lies on Holgate Road; it

558-714: A reasonable history in non-league football as they once played in the Northern Counties East Football League . Rugby and Hockey are also catered for at the Railway Institute with this being the home ground for York Lokomotive who play in the Rugby League Conference Yorkshire Premier Division. There are five main places of worship in Holgate. They are St Paul's Church on Holgate Road, Holgate Methodist Church on Acomb Road, St Barnabas' Church on Jubilee Terrace and

620-456: A week for the city's economy. At the beginning of the 20th century, York had around 5,500 railway employees, of which half were employed in the wagon and carriage works. The works closed in 1996. Part of the site is now office accommodation for various companies, such as CPP . A large part of the works was retained and used by Thrall Car Manufacturing Company to build wagons for EWS . When this ceased Network Rail took over and has developed

682-695: Is Rachael Maskell , a Labour Co-operative member. The figures below were taken from the Census 2001 Key Statistics for Local Authorities in England and Wales, from the Office for National Statistics on 29 April 2001. The population in Holgate Ward was 11,564 of which 92.3% were born in England and 3.8% from outside the United Kingdom. The largest Age Group within the population, 25.1%, were between 30 and 44 years old. Of

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744-455: Is West Bank Park . This is managed by the City Council and consists of 20 acres containing woodlands and an arboretum, as well as two bowling greens, a basketball court, two play areas, toilets and a refreshments building. Entrances are on Hamilton Drive and Acomb Road. The park, originally the grounds of West Bank house, was established in 1936–38 and included a statue of Queen Victoria that

806-638: Is currently bounded by the River Ouse from Scarborough Bridge to Ouse Acres on its northern boundary. Carr Lane and Ouse Acres on one side, and the intersection of York Road and Acomb Road on the other, make up its western boundary. The remainder of the southern boundary follows Moorgate and Holgate Beck to the East Coast Main Line railway which completes the eastern boundary as far as the River Ouse/Scarborough Bridge. The ward contains

868-594: Is located at the junction of Poppleton road and Water Lane. St Barnabas' Church of England Primary is located in Jubilee Terrace just off Leeman Road and opened in 1877. St Paul's Church of England Primary is located in St Paul's Terrace, not far from the Church of the same name and opened in 1872. There is no Secondary School within Holgate. York Railway Institute Football Club play their home games at New Lane. York RI have

930-727: The Great Central Main Line , from London Marylebone to Sheffield . Most of the country east of the Pennines was within its purview, including East Anglia . The main workshops were in Doncaster , with others at Darlington , Inverurie and Stratford, London . The company also owned the most westerly track and stations in Great Britain, in the form of the West Highland Railway to Arisaig and Mallaig , previously owned by

992-542: The Holy Redeemer Church on Boroughbridge Road and the York congregation of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) on Acomb Road. St Paul's Church was built in 1851 to cater to the increasing population of railway workers in the area and became the seat of its own parish in 1856. St Barnabas, built between 1902 and 1904, became its own parish in 1912, being formerly under St Paul's. Lindley Murray ,

1054-525: The London and North Eastern Railway (1923); British Railways (1948); British Rail Engineering Limited , known as BREL York (1970); and privatised and acquired by ABB in 1989 ( ABB York ). The works closed in 1996, due to lack of orders caused by uncertainty in the post- privatisation of British Rail period. Thrall Car Manufacturing Company used the works to manufacture freight wagons for English Welsh and Scottish Railway from 1998 to 2002, after which

1116-659: The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS), the LNER was co-owner of the Midland and Great Northern Joint Railway , the UK's biggest joint railway, much of which competed with the LNER's own lines. The M&GNJR was incorporated into the LNER in 1936. In 1933, on the formation of the London Passenger Transport Board , the LNER acquired the remaining operations of the Metropolitan Railway Company. The LNER

1178-465: The National Railway Museum and many historic buildings, including a restored 18th century windmill and a Cold War bunker. It is the site of the former York Carriage Works which closed in 1996. Thrall Car Manufacturing Company , briefly re-opened the works. After that closed in 2002 Network Rail continue to use it as a maintenance depot. Holgate is mentioned in chronicles as far back as

1240-511: The Royal Navy was destroyed by an accidental fire. The building was rebuilt with a new roof with clerestory lighting, being reopened in 1947. During the war period time many of the workers were women, who worked shifts up to 69 hours in a week. At nationalisation (see Transport Act 1947 ) the works employed around 5,000 people. During the 1950s there were over 3,000 staff employed by the works and early Diesel Multiple Units were maintained on

1302-487: The Strasbourg tramways at the site, and at ABB's Derby Litchurch Lane works c.  1994–95 . In 1995 ABB announced that the factory would close due to lack of orders; the cause was widely recognised as being due to a gap in train orders caused by uncertainties following the privatisation of British Rail : Union officials, ABB management, and Conservative and Labour members of parliament all expressed similar views on

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1364-601: The 14th century. There are many historic buildings within its boundaries, including a restored windmill. The Holgate Windmill sits on Windmill Rise. The current windmill, built in 1770 by George Waud, ceased grinding corn in 1933 and fell into disuse. It has since undergone restoration work overseen by the Holgate windmill Association. There is also mention of a Hob Moor Water Mill located on Holgate Beck, reportedly demolished or fallen in disrepair by 1723. The York New Waterworks Company, formed in 1846, built their new works at Acomb Landing, just off Boroughbridge Road. It supplied

1426-638: The 1970s to 1989 the works manufactured much of British Rail's electric multiple unit passenger stock, including: Class 313 (64 three car trains, 1976/7); Class 314 (16 three car trains, 1979); Class 315 (61 four car, 1980/1); Class 317 (72 four car, 1981-2 & 1985–7); Class 319 (86 four car, 1987–1990); Class 318 (21 three car, 1984–1986);, Class 321 (117 four car, 1988–1991). and Class 455 (137 four car, 1982–4). The works continued producing vehicles for British Rail after privatisation. Class 150 DMUs were built, and Class 165 and Class 166 DMUs. BREL introduced some modern manufacturing methods at

1488-578: The East Coast Main Line was won by Sea Containers Ltd , who named the new operating company Great North Eastern Railway (GNER), a name and initials deliberately chosen to echo the LNER. Following the collapse of Virgin Trains East Coast in May 2018, the newly-nationalised operator of the East Coast Main Line was named London North Eastern Railway to evoke the earlier company. During the 1930s,

1550-647: The East Midlands and Yorkshire to the north east of England and Scotland. The 1923 grouping meant that former rivals within the LNER had to work together. The task of creating an instantly recognisable public image went to William M. Teasdale, the first advertising manager. Teasdale was influenced by the philosophies and policies of Frank Pick , who controlled the style and content of the London Underground's widely acclaimed poster advertising. Teasdale did not confine his artists within strict guidelines but allowed them

1612-469: The Holgate Road factory in the 1950s, 60s, 70s and even 80s. The Holgate Road site was still contaminated with asbestos in some areas in the 1990s. By 2012 it was estimated that over 140 workers had died as a result of exposure to asbestos. Most of the buildings auxiliary to the main works have been demolished post closure. West of the main works the area was cleared and partially developed for housing, and

1674-545: The LMS and the Corporation. In 1935, with the LMS, Wilson Line of Hull and others it formed the shipping company Associated Humber Lines Ltd. In 1938 it was reported that the LNER, with 800 mechanical horse tractors, was the world's largest owner of this vehicle type. The LNER operated a number of ships , including three rail ferries . In total, 6 turbine and 36 other steamers, and river boats and lake steamers were used by

1736-510: The LNER were: The total route mileage was 6,590 miles (10,610 km). The North Eastern Railway had the largest route mileage of 1,757 miles (2,828 km), whilst the Hull and Barnsley Railway was 106.5 miles (171.4 km). It covered the area north and east of London . It included the East Coast Main Line from London to Edinburgh via York and Newcastle upon Tyne and the routes from Edinburgh to Aberdeen and Inverness . It also included

1798-542: The North British Railway. The LNER inherited four of London's termini: Fenchurch Street (ex- London and Blackwall Railway ; King's Cross (ex- Great Northern Railway ); Liverpool Street (ex- Great Eastern Railway ); and Marylebone (ex- Great Central Railway ). In addition, it ran suburban services to Broad Street ( London, Midland and Scottish Railway ) and Moorgate ( Metropolitan Railway , later London Transport ). The LNER owned: In partnership with

1860-603: The York ROC Association and the Cold War Bunker Trust , having been granted Scheduled Ancient Monument status in 2000. Holgate Ward returns three councillors to the City of York Council. Following the 2023 local elections these are Jenny Kent, Lucy Steels-Walshaw, and Kallum Taylor, all of whom represent the local Labour Party. Holgate is situated in the UK parliamentary constituency of York Central . Its current MP

1922-488: The beginning of the British Rail Modernisation Plan in the 1950s blue asbestos came into increasing use, until its health dangers were recognised. In 1975 an inquest into the death of former railway worker Frank Summers recorded that he had died from an industrial disease; he had previously been employed in asbestos spraying at York Carriage works. At the inquest it was claimed that the use of asbestos at

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1984-411: The cause of the closure. The carriage works closed in 1996 with 750 redundancies; ABB blamed the closure on the privatisation of British Rail, stating that the privatisation had delayed orders, causing a gap in the company's order books. Wagon manufacturer Thrall (USA) reopened the plant as wagon works in 1997, having obtained about a £200 million order from EWS for 2,500 wagons. First production

2046-469: The city of York, Holgate and other nearby areas and although the site has since expanded, it still serves the area as The York Waterworks Company. In 1843, it was recorded that the population of Holgate was a mere 143. The population of Holgate increased with the building of the Carriageworks in the late 19th century. Holgate was formerly a township of the parish of St. Mary - Bishophill Junior being

2108-518: The collection of the St Bride Library . Gill Sans was retained by the Railway Executive in 1948, although modified for signage, and Gill Sans was the official typeface until British Rail replaced it in the mid 1960s with Rail Alphabet for signs and Helvetica or Univers for printed matter. Continental shipping services were provided from Harwich Parkeston Quay. The company took up

2170-654: The company during its existence. The most common liveries were lined apple green on passenger locomotives (much lighter and brighter than the green used by the Great Western Railway ) and unlined black on freight locomotives, both with gold lettering. Passenger carriages were generally varnished teak (wood) finish; the few metal-panelled coaches were painted to represent teak. Some special trains and A4 Pacific locomotives were painted differently, including silver-grey and garter blue. The LNER covered quite an extensive area of Britain, from London through East Anglia,

2232-468: The contract for electric multiple units for the Heathrow Express service (awarded to Siemens/CAF, see Class 332 ) resulted in the loss of 289 jobs. The works obtained contracts to build: Class 320 (22 three car, 1990); Class 322 (5 four car, 1990); Class 365 (41 four car, 1994/5); Class 456 (24 two car. 1991–92) and Class 465 (97 four car, 1991–1994). Additionally Eurotrams were built for

2294-486: The early 1980s, but the technique was not used for production at that time. BREL was privatised in 1987, as BREL (1988) Ltd. , and acquired by a consortium including management, Trafalgar House and ABB acquired the company including the York works in 1989. Procurement contracts on British Rail began being put to public tender in the 1980s; the fate of the works was linked primarily to the number of orders for Network SouthEast for electric passenger stock – failure to win

2356-425: The east end of the site; the northernmost one was used for building and painting vehicles, the southern one included the sawmill, frame and cabinet building, machine and brake shops. There were also offices, a smithy and cat shop, and gas and electric shops. West of the main works was a large timber drying building, and carriage washing facilities. The 0.6 acres (0.24 ha) 1871 building was still in use as, mainly as

2418-460: The factory closed again. As of 2009, the site is in maintenance related rail use by Network Rail as their Rail Fleet Engineering Centre (RFEC). The site is used by Network Rail, and various rail sub-contractors to maintain Network Rail's own fleet of maintenance rail vehicles. As a consequence of manufacturing work using asbestos during the 20th century more than a hundred people associated from

2480-417: The factory was closed by Thrall successor Trinity Industries with 260 redundancies. Network Rail acquired the main building in 2009 for storage and maintenance of Rail Head Treatment Train wagons. Asbestos was used in rolling stock manufacture as thermal and sound insulation. In carriages, asbestos would be applied between inner and outer bodywork layers as well as in flooring and radiator insulation. After

2542-475: The gas and electric shops were demolished; the stores building in the northeast corner was reused as a small business premises. Holgate, North Yorkshire Holgate is a suburb of York in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire , England. It is located about 1 mile west of Micklegate Bar in the city walls . Holgate is also the name of an electoral ward in the City of York unitary authority . The ward

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2604-524: The main works building on the south side; to accommodate the east traverser the buildings were shortened. By this time York had moved to 'sectionalised assembly' and this methodology, having some similarities to a production line, was expanded in 1931 under A. H. Peppercorn . During the Second World War the carriage works produced parts for Horsa Gliders and in 1944 part of the north building (building shop) which had been manufacturing launches for

2666-692: The noted grammarian, settled in Holgate after going into exile following the American War of Independence. Holgate was the home of Moses B. Cotsworth , inventor of the International Fixed Calendar and 13-month calendar reformer. He lived in 3, Severus House, where he wrote The Rational Almanac, (1905). He later lived in Severus House before emigrating to Vancouver , British Columbia where he died in 1943. London and North Eastern Railway The London and North Eastern Railway ( LNER )

2728-551: The offer in 1933 of government loans at low interest rates and electrified the lines from Manchester to Sheffield and Wath yard, and also commuter lines in the London suburban area. The LNER inherited: It took shares in a large number of bus companies, including for a time a majority stake in United Automobile Services Ltd. In Halifax and Sheffield , it participated in Joint Omnibus Committees with

2790-420: The public to visit the holiday destinations of the east coast in the summer. The company was nationalised in 1948 along with the rest of the railway companies of Great Britain to form British Railways . It continued to exist as a legal entity for nearly two more years, being formally wound up on 23 December 1949. On the privatisation of British Rail in 1996, the franchise to run long distance express trains on

2852-568: The site. Some early Electric Multiple Unit trains were built at York, such as British Rail Class 305 /1. In the 1960s the BR workshops were re-organised : regional workshops were abolished and control centralised with excess works closing. York, together with Derby was retained and assigned to carriage production, and £976,000 authorised for investment at the site. In 1970 the rolling stock workshops division of British Rail (excluding repair works) became British Rail Engineering Limited (BREL). From

2914-491: The standard typeface for the company. Soon it appeared on every facet of the company's identity, from metal locomotive nameplates and hand-painted station signage to printed restaurant car menus, timetables and advertising posters. The LNER promoted their rebranding by offering Eric Gill a footplate ride on the Flying Scotsman express service; he also painted for it a signboard in the style of Gill Sans, which survives in

2976-471: The streamlined Silver Jubilee train of 1935 were exploited by the LNER publicity department, and embedded the non-stop London to Edinburgh services such as the Flying Scotsman in the public imagination. The crowning glory of this time was the world record speed of 126 miles per hour (203 km/h) achieved on a test run by LNER Class A4 4468 Mallard . In 1929, the LNER chose the typeface Gill Sans as

3038-429: The total population, 95.9% described their ethnic origin as White-British. The figures show that 72.3% declared they were Christian, whilst 18.6% declared no religious belief at all. Of the population aged between 16 and 74 years old, 69.1% declared they were in some form of employment and 12.1% said they were retired. Of the 5,311 households, 34.6% were Semi-Detached and 47.9% were Terraced. The level of household ownership

3100-442: The works ended in 1964; initially the dangers of asbestos were not known and employees worked without facemasks or other protection; workers continued to be exposed to asbestos into the 1970s, relatives of workers also developed asbestos related diseases through contact with dust on workers' clothing. Many scores of former York Carriageworks employees have died over the last two or three decades from exposure to deadly asbestos dust at

3162-604: The works have died from illness caused by exposure to the material, with asbestos related illnesses still occurring and causing death into the 21st century. After the transfer of wagon building from York Queen Street in 1867, in 1880 the North Eastern Railway took the decision to move carriage building to a new site, and the first contracts let for its construction in 1880. The works was designed as an integrated carriage building factory, with separate buildings for each process. The main buildings were of brick construction, with stone and coloured brick detailing. The internal construction

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3224-659: The works produced rolling stock for the North Tyneside electrification in the same period. In 1914 York carriage works built 3 kitchen-cars for use on the Flying Scotsman , these being of all steel construction - quite advanced for the time - due to being fitted with gas cooking equipment. During the First World War the York works produced material for the war effort, mostly logistics equipment, but other work included conversion of existing carriages into an ambulance train and

3286-406: The works, installations included: five sheet metal machining centres, one with an automatic tool change, used to manufacture body shells and bolster parts for EMUs; test facilities for air-conditioning units; and clean rooms for electronics repair. The works also had a short test track electrified at 750 V DC or 25 kV AC. Experiments were carried out into robotic welding machines in

3348-740: Was 73.5%. The population according to the 2011 UK Census had risen to 12,832 for the Holgate ward. Located on Acomb Road is the Police Station for the Acomb and Holgate Team of the North Yorkshire and City of York Police Force. North Yorkshire Fire & Rescue Service operate a 24/7 shift out of the Acomb Fire Station on Boroughbridge Road. The geographic area of Holgate is taken up mostly by domestic and industrial buildings with large areas of railway track. There are some open areas, one of which

3410-452: Was a very industrial company: hauling more than a third of Britain's coal, it derived two thirds of its income from freight. Despite this, the main image presented was one of glamour, of fast trains and sophisticated destinations. Advertising was highly sophisticated and advanced compared with those of its rivals. Teasdale and Dandridge commissioned top graphic designers and poster artists such as Tom Purvis to promote its services and encourage

3472-658: Was merged with Our Lady's Catholic primary school in Acomb to form Our Lady Queen of Martyrs RC Primary School, on the site of English Martyrs Primary School. Acomb Primary in West Bank was originally located on Front Street and opened in August 1894. It was one of the oldest primary schools in North Yorkshire and had been in its old buildings since 1908 and was the second largest primary school in York , with 575 pupils. Poppleton Road Primary

3534-422: Was of cast iron columns with wrought iron beams. Carriage building started in 1884 which construction of 6-wheel carriages and the works started producing bogie coaches, initially of 45 feet (14 m) length, in 1895. By the late 1890s capacity had been reached, exacerbated by the increase in length of carriages, and from 1897 contracts were let for the construction of expansion of the works, primarily west, plus

3596-547: Was originally in the Guildhall. There are six smaller play areas around the ward. There is also some open space alongside the river. In 1880 the North Eastern Railway decided to concentrate more on carriage building in York by constructing the York Carriage Works in Holgate. This expanded and by 1910 it covered an area of 45 acres. By 1855 the railway workforce was 1,200-strong and was calculated to be earning about £1,350

3658-485: Was purpose-built in 1878. Other notable buildings include Holgate House , built in 1774. Holgate was home to No. 20 Group Royal Observer Corps located in a semi-subterranean bunker built in 1961. It was in use until 1991 and situated behind the Government Building of Shelley House, which has now been redeveloped into residential properties. It has been preserved as a museum by English Heritage working with

3720-561: Was the BYA type covered steel coil carriers. The first wagon was formally presented in July 1998. Nearly half of the order was for 1145 HTA coal hoppers. Other wagon types produced included 300 MBA 'monster box', 260 BYA (covered steel coil), 100+400+300 FAA; FCA and FKA container flat wagons, and 60 BRA steel wagons. Prototype MRA ballast wagons were also manufactured for Railtrack at the site c.  2000 . No further orders were received, and in 2002

3782-901: Was the majority partner in the Cheshire Lines Committee and the Forth Bridge Railway Company . It depended on freight from heavy industry in Yorkshire, the north east of England and Scotland, and its revenue was reduced by the economic depression for much of the early part of its existence. In a bid to improve financial efficiency, staffing levels reduced from 207,500 in 1924 to 175,800 in 1937. For investment to retain freight traffic, new marshalling yards were built in Whitemoor in Cambridgeshire, and Hull in Yorkshire to attempt to retain freight traffic. Sir Ralph Wedgwood introduced

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3844-602: Was the second largest (after LMS ) of the " Big Four " railway companies created by the Railways Act 1921 in Britain. It operated from 1 January 1923 until nationalisation on 1 January 1948. At that time, it was divided into the new British Railways ' Eastern Region , North Eastern Region , and partially the Scottish Region . The company was the second largest created by the Railways Act 1921 . The principal constituents of

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