Xinhui , alternately romanized as Sunwui and also known as Kuixiang , is an urban district of Jiangmen in Guangdong , China. It grew from a separate city founded at the confluence of the Tan and West Rivers . It has a population of about 735,500, 98% of whom are Han Chinese but many of whom speak a dialect of Cantonese as their first language. Xinhui is best known in China for its chenpi , a kind of dried Mandarin orange peel .
25-647: Xinhui is situated at the confluence of the Tan and West Rivers in the southwestern area of the Pearl River Delta . It borders the South China Sea and adjoins Macao and Hong Kong . It comprises a total area of 1,387.02 square meters (14,929.8 sq ft). Geologists have shown that Xinhui originated as a shallow bay at the mouth of the Pearl River about 5000 years ago , with its southeastern portion consisting of
50-574: A chain of islands . The movement of the Tan and West Rivers eventually formed a delta that became the present alluvial plain over the last nine hundred years. Most of the present area of the Xinhui district formed during the historical period from silt deposited by the Tan and West Rivers . Some Neolithic artifacts, however, have been found in the district's territory over the last ten years, including shell mounds and pottery shards. The former Gugang Prefecture
75-770: A place called Laohe Kou (老河口 literally: old river mouth ). Later on during and after the Tang dynasty (618–907 CE) under the Fan Zhen (藩镇) or "Buffer Town" system of administration, the Dan River area had the power to block transport on the Huai and Bian Rivers. As a result, the Dan became an important waterway in the Yangtze and Huai River region. At the time of the Ming dynasty (1368–1644) and later,
100-449: A regional hub port, similar to the status of Nansha ( 南沙港 ) in Shunde , by the governments of Guangdong, Jiangmen and Xinhui. Harbour industries and logistics services will be developed in the surrounding areas of the port. Mount Chishi is a famous scenic spot and tourist destination. Tan River The Dan River ( Chinese : 丹江 ; pinyin : Dān Jiāng ), formerly known as
125-764: Is a product of the Warring States , Qin or Early Han periods. References to maritime history in the Analects of Confucius and the Yu Gong suggest their origin in a single culture while the appearance of the West River (西河) and South River (南河) in the latter indicate that the author came from the State of Wei . In the preface to his Commentary on the Yu Gong Map (禹贡图注), Ming dynasty Scholar Ài Nányīng (艾南英) (1583–1646) considered
150-543: Is also used in traditional Chinese cooking. Dried orange peel produced in Xinhui is world-renowned. It has been used for hundreds years in Chinese cooking and traditional Chinese cooking, adding a pleasant aroma and flavor to food. Yinzhou Lake ( 银州湖 ; 銀州湖 ), or Yamen Channel ( 崖门水道 ; 崖門水道 ), has an area of 65 km (25 sq mi). The average 8–13 m deep river channel and the gentle water current can accommodate vessels up to 10,000 tonnes deadweight (DWT), and
175-560: Is an advantage for port development and in-river transport. The Yinzhou Lake Economic Area ( 银州湖经济区 ; 銀州湖經濟區 ), which is the key development area, is one of the four main economic areas in Jiangmen city. The Tianma port ( 天马港 ; 天馬港 ), which is located in Yinzhou Lake inside Yamenkou ( 崖门口 ; 崖門口 ), is in a strategic location and is in excellent natural condition for port development in the western Pearl River Delta. Tianma port has designated as
200-658: The Guanzhong Plain suffered crop failure bringing famine to the region. Ding Sikong (丁思孔), governor general of the provinces of Hubei and Guangdong with the assistance of others, sent relief aid from Xiangyang via the Dan River into Shaanxi Province after carrying out dredging operations. Famine reoccurred later during Kangxi's reign in 1720 when 100,000 dan (石), equivalent to 10,000 cubic metres (350,000 cu ft), of rice were shipped to Shaanxi from warehouses in Jingzhou , City, Hubei Province and other locations by boat along
225-401: The 1962 "Cut off the tail of capitalism" policy (割掉资本主义尾巴) halted part-time shipping activities by the farming community. Thirdly, with deforestation and the construction of reservoirs the water sources for the Dan River declined. Large quantities of silt in the river bed increased the number of dangerous reefs so that parts of the waterway became impassable. The following are recorded amongst
250-547: The Dan River got its name: The Dan River Basin is located between 109°30'-112°00' East and 32°30'-34°10' North. Roughly 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) wide, the river flows for 287 kilometres (178 mi) through a basin covering 16,812 square kilometres (6,491 sq mi). According to the Yu Gong , the geography section of the Book of Documents , the Dan River joined the Han River at
275-421: The Dan River included kerosene, tobacco, chinaware, silk, medicinal ingredients, walnuts, peach kernels (used in Chinese medicine) and specialty products from the mountains. During the 1940s onwards, waterborne trade on the Dan went into decline. Three primary factors account for the decline in trade on the Dan River during the previous century. Firstly, wooden sailboats were a relatively backward technology. On
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#1733085210778300-832: The Dan River to Longju Village. A decade later on 16 February 1731, the Yongzheng Emperor ordered grain to be dispatched from Hubei and Guangdong to Shangzhou , Shaanxi as a contingency against food shortages. In 1737, during the Qianlong Emperor 's reign, crops failed in Shangzhou and grain prices rocketed. To keep down prices and provide disaster relief, the authorities in Liguanqiao Town (李官桥镇) and Dengzhou City in Xichuan County, Henan procured 1880 dan , equivalent to 188 cubic metres (6,600 cu ft), of foodstuffs which
325-737: The Dan Shui (丹水) or 800 Li Black River (八百里黑江), is a river located in Shaanxi province in the People's Republic of China . The longest tributary of the Han River , the Dan rises at Heilongkou (黑龙口) in the Qin Mountains of Shaanxi province then flows south east through Shangluo City, Danfeng County , Shangnan County and Xichuan County , Henan province before joining the Han River at Danjiangkou , Hubei province. There are three different theories as to how
350-499: The Dan as the "Black River", emphasizing the bandit problem. At that time, three relatively large families controlled shipping; those of Ling Laosi (凌老四) from Jingziguan Town (荆紫关镇)，Guo Laopo (郭老婆) from Laocheng Town (老城镇) and Liguanqiao Town's (李官桥镇) Jin Yulou (金玉楼), head of the Red Guild (红帮会). They were all considered leeches and exploiters by the boatmen. Records show that cargoes carried on
375-645: The Dan was used by merchants of the Guanlong Trading Bloc (关陇集团) to transport goods to Xiangyang and Hankou , both in Hubei Province. At the same time many shipping (船帮会馆) and horse-drawn transportation (马帮会馆) guilds were established at Longju Village (龙驹寨) (modern day Danfeng County, Shaanxi Province), illustrating the flourishing trade on the Dan River. In 1693, during the reign of the Qing Kangxi Emperor , both Xi'an and Fengxiang County on
400-455: The Shangluo section of the waterway a maximum of only four tons could be carried upriver and 10 tons downstream. With calm water, the 167-kilometre (104 mi) round trip from Longju Village to Jingziguan took 20 days and involved heavy physical work with little return. However, in transportation terms, wooden sailboats were quite advanced for the time and there was no better option available. With
425-458: The emperor along with his government and army. With the advent of the Republic of China in 1912, a ballad spread amongst the people of Xichuan County featuring the words "The boatmen have three knives stuck in their stomachs: the river pirates, the bandits and the submerged reefs. They have only three choices: starvation, death by drowning or imprisonment." In turn, the boatmen themselves referred to
450-683: The last two centuries, more than 600,000 people from Xinhui have migrated overseas (mostly to the Americas, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Hong Kong), making it one of the largest representative Chinese districts of overseas Chinese . The paper company Vinda International has its headquarters in the Donghou Industrial Development Zone ( 东侯工业区 ) in Huicheng Town in the district. Xinhui food exports include rice and fruits, especially oranges . Dried orange peel produced in Xinhui
475-605: The many natural disasters that have occurred through history in the Dan River region: Yu Gong The Yu Gong or Tribute of Yu is a chapter of the Book of Xia ( Chinese : t 夏書 , s 夏书 , Xià Shū ) section of the Book of Documents , one of the Five Classics of ancient Chinese literature . The chapter describes the legendary Yu the Great and the provinces of his time. Most modern scholars believe it
500-452: The rapid growth of rail and road transportation from the early days of the Republic of China the sailboat's days were numbered. The second factor concerns economic changes that occurred from the 1950s onwards. China's implementation of economic regionalization and a state monopoly on purchasing and marketing effectively severed the upstream/downstream trade links on the Dan River. A decade later
525-486: The royal domain (甸服 Diānfú ) around the capital to the remote wild domain (荒服 Huāngfú ). Later, this would become important in the justification for the concept of Tianxia or "All Under Heaven" as a means to back up the territorial and other claims of successive Chinese dynasties. Although the Yu Gong is traditionally dated to the Xia dynasty ( c. 2070 – c. 1600 BCE ), most modern scholars agree that
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#1733085210778550-458: The work is considerably more recent. Tradition dictates that Confucius (551–479 BCE) compiled the Book of Documents and included the Yu Gong , although it is more likely that this was done later. Wang Guowei suggested in his New Confirmation of Ancient History (古史新证) that the Yu Gong was written at the start of the Zhou dynasty , but most scholars now agree with the view of Gu Jiegang that it
575-491: Was located in the area. Xinhui County administered the area of Jiangmen Town before being placed under Jiangmen's administration. It was later promoted to an urban district. Xinhui District now forms a part of downtown Jiangmen . It comprises 10 towns, 239 village commissions, 25 community residents' committees, and 4 agencies. Xinhui people are part of the greater Siyi people, in the Greater Siyi Region. Over
600-587: Was shipped along the Dan River to Shangzhou. The Qing Guangxu Emperor 's reign saw the 1890 occupation of Beijing by the Eight-Nation Alliance following the Boxer Rebellion . The emperor along with Empress Dowager Cixi escaped to Xi'an. Grain taxes from the Jingdai (荆襄) District (south of modern-day Neixiang County , Henan) were forwarded along the Dan River to Longju Village then on to Xi'an for use by
625-462: Was written in the fifth century BCE or later. The chapter can be divided into two parts. The first describes the nine provinces of Ji (冀), Yan (兗), Qing (青), Xu (徐), Yang (揚), Jing (荊), Yu (豫), Liang (梁), and Yong (雍), with the improvement works conducted by Yu in each province. The second enumerates Yu's surveys of the rivers of the empire, followed by an idealized description of five concentric domains of five hundred li each, from
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