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31-589: The World Association for Sexual Health ( WAS ) is an international umbrella organization representing sexological societies and sexologists worldwide. Founded in 1978 in Rome, Italy , the WAS main goal is to promote sexual health for all through sexological science. Since its beginning, the WAS has successfully sponsored 19 international congresses, the last one being held in Gothenburg , Sweden, from June 21 to June 25, 2009. The WAS
62-437: A 22-year-old Mexican sexual health advocate and sexologist, Antón Castellanos Usigli, mentored by Esther Corona, WAS Executive Coordinator, making it an International Youth Initiative conceived by a young mind. The WAS Youth Initiative Committee, was initially co-chaired by Antón Castellanos Usigli and Esther Corona, and composed of ten members belonging to Venezuela, Lebanon, Cuba, Chile, Sweden, Italy, Kenya, Australia and India
93-410: A disease, immoral, or a crime. The work assumes that same-sex love transcended age taboos as well as gender taboos. Seven of his twenty-one case studies are of inter-generational relationships. He also developed other important psychological concepts, such as autoerotism and narcissism , both of which were later developed further by Sigmund Freud . Ellis pioneered transgender phenomena alongside
124-412: A document entitled: Promotion for Sexual Health. Recommendations for Action , in which a conceptual framework for the promotion of sexual health is developed. The WAS established its youth initiative in an effort to contribute to youth's sexual health and sexual rights through a fuller participation of Youth in WAS governance, policies and activities. The WAS Youth Initiative was proposed and developed by
155-779: Is a peer-reviewed academic journal that covers research on sexual health as a state of physical, emotional, mental, and social well-being. Sexological Sexology is the scientific study of human sexuality , including human sexual interests, behaviors , and functions. The term sexology does not generally refer to the non-scientific study of sexuality, such as social criticism . Sexologists apply tools from several academic fields, such as anthropology , biology , medicine , psychology , epidemiology , sociology , and criminology . Topics of study include sexual development (puberty), sexual orientation , gender identity , sexual relationships , sexual activities, paraphilias , and atypical sexual interests. It also includes
186-504: Is a regulated profession in some jurisdictions. In Quebec, sexologists must be members of the Ordre professionnel des sexologues du Québec. They are one of the professions eligible to receive psychotherapy permits from the Ordre des psychologues du Québec. This is a list of sexologists and notable contributors to the field of sexology, by year of birth: International Journal of Sexual Health The International Journal of Sexual Health
217-596: Is a statement on sexual pleasure proclaimed by WAS in 2019. It was declared, in part, in reference to research that asserts sexual pleasure is an element necessary to healthy sexuality. The Pan American Health Organization (an office of the World Health Organization ) convened a Regional Consultation on sexual health in collaboration with WAS in Antigua Guatemala , Guatemala in May 2000. The consultation resulted in
248-772: Is the organ within WAS that develops the Initiative. The Second World Sexual Health Day, which took place on September 4, 2011, celebrated young people's sexual health and rights because of the WAS Youth Initiative and the International Year of Youth. In 2020 the Chair of the committee is Stefano Eleuteri. The official journal of the World Association for Sexual Health is the International Journal of Sexual Health ,
279-687: The Kama Sutra of Vatsyayana , the Ananga Ranga , and The Perfumed Garden for the Soul's Recreation . De la prostitution dans la ville de Paris ( Prostitution in the City of Paris ), an early 1830s study on 3,558 registered prostitutes in Paris , written by Alexander Jean Baptiste Parent-Duchatelet (published in 1837, a year after he died), has been called the first work of modern sex research. In England, James Graham
310-517: The G-spot is named, published the initial research developing the intrauterine device (IUD). After World War II, sexology experienced a renaissance, both in the United States and Europe. Large scale studies of sexual behavior, sexual function, and sexual dysfunction gave rise to the development of sex therapy . Post-WWII sexology in the U.S. was influenced by the influx of European refugees escaping
341-555: The Masters & Johnson Institute in 1978. Vern Bullough was a historian of sexology during this era, as well as being a researcher in the field. The emergence of HIV/AIDS in the 1980s caused a dramatic shift in sexological research efforts towards understanding and controlling the spread of the disease. Technological advances have permitted sexological questions to be addressed with studies using behavioral genetics, neuroimaging, and large-scale Internet-based surveys. Sexology
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#1732905353052372-746: The Society for the Advancement of Sexual Health , South Asia Institute for Human Sexuality (SAIHS), the American Association of Sex Educators, Counselors, & Therapists (AASECT) and the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH). In 2010, the WAS instituted September 4 as the World Sexual Health Day in an effort to increase social awareness about the role that sexuality plays in human health, and to promote
403-538: The penile plethysmograph in Czechoslovakia in the 1950s. The device was designed to provide an objective measurement of sexual arousal in males and is currently used in the assessment of pedophilia and hebephilia . This tool has since been used with sex offenders . In 1966 and 1970, Masters and Johnson released their works Human Sexual Response and Human Sexual Inadequacy, respectively. Those volumes sold well, and they were founders of what became known as
434-528: The 13th World Congress of Sexology in Valencia 1997 and revised at the 14th World Congress of Sexology in Hong Kong 1999. The current version is from 2014. This Declaration gave an influence on The Yogyakarta Principles , especially on the idea of each person's integrity , right to issues of sexuality , including the whole spectrum of sexual and reproductive health and rights . The Declaration on Sexual Pleasure
465-678: The African Federation for Sexual Health and Rights (AFSHR). WAS members also include more than 100 national and international sexological organizations, institutes and foundations. Among the sexological societies belonging to WAS, we can find: the International Academy of Sex Research , the Sexuality Information and Education Council of the United States (SIECUS), the Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality (SSSS),
496-497: The German Magnus Hirschfeld . He established it as new category that was separate and distinct from homosexuality. Aware of Hirschfeld's studies of transvestism , but disagreeing with his terminology, in 1913 Ellis proposed the term sexo-aesthetic inversion to describe the phenomenon. In 1908, the first scholarly journal of the field, Journal of Sexology ( Zeitschrift für Sexualwissenschaft ), began publication and
527-697: The Nazi regime and the popularity of the Kinsey studies . Until that time, American sexology consisted primarily of groups working to end prostitution and to educate youth about sexually transmitted infections . Alfred Kinsey founded the Institute for Sex Research at Indiana University at Bloomington in 1947. This is now called the Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender and Reproduction. He wrote in his 1948 book that more
558-594: The categories of homosexuality, he referred to these people as transvestiten (transvestites). Germany's dominance in sexual behavior research ended with the Nazi regime . The Institute and its library were destroyed by the Nazis less than three months after they took power, May 8, 1933. The institute was shut down and Hirschfeld's books were burned. Other sexologists in the early gay rights movement included Ernst Burchard and Benedict Friedlaender . Ernst Gräfenberg , after whom
589-530: The fact that sexual health is only attainable through sexual rights. The theme of the 2010 World Sexual Health Day was "Let's talk about it... an intergenerational discussion", thus, activities around the world had the objective of creating dialogue between youth and adults about sexual health. More than 25 countries joined the celebration, among them: Mexico, Venezuela, Colombia, Argentina, Puerto Rico, Sweden, Japan, Italy, Spain, Austria, etc. The second World Sexual Health Day took place on September 4, 2011, with
620-461: The institute to gain a clearer understanding of their sexuality and to be treated for their sexual concerns and dysfunctions. Hirschfeld developed a system which identified numerous actual or hypothetical types of sexual intermediary between heterosexual male and female to represent the potential diversity of human sexuality, and is credited with identifying a group of people that today are referred to as transsexual or transgender as separate from
651-505: The late 19th and early 20th centuries. Wilhelm Reich and Otto Gross were disciples of Freud, but rejected his theories because of their emphasis on the role of sexuality in the revolutionary struggle for the emancipation of mankind. Pre-Nazi Germany, under the sexually liberal Napoleonic code , organized and resisted the anti-sexual, Victorian cultural influences. The momentum from those groups led them to coordinate sex research across traditional academic disciplines , bringing Germany to
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#1732905353052682-592: The leadership of sexology. Physician Magnus Hirschfeld was an outspoken advocate for sexual minorities, founding the Scientific Humanitarian Committee , the first advocacy for homosexual and transgender rights. Hirschfeld also set up the first Institut für Sexualwissenschaft (Institute for Sexology) in Berlin in 1919. Its library housed over 20,000 volumes, 35,000 photographs, a large collection of art and other objects. People from around Europe visited
713-502: The prevailing social attitude of sexual repression in the Victorian era , the movement towards sexual emancipation began towards the end of the nineteenth century in England and Germany. In 1886, Richard Freiherr von Krafft-Ebing published Psychopathia Sexualis . That work is considered as having established sexology as a scientific discipline. In England, the founding father of sexology
744-439: The study of sexuality across the lifespan, including child sexuality , puberty , adolescent sexuality , and sexuality among the elderly . Sexology also spans sexuality among those with mental or physical disabilities. The sexological study of sexual dysfunctions and disorders, including erectile dysfunction and anorgasmia , are also mainstays. Sex manuals have existed since antiquity, such as Ovid 's Ars Amatoria ,
775-474: The theme "Youth's sexual health: Shared rights and responsibilities" in order to celebrate the beginning of the WAS Youth Initiative and the ending of the International Year of Youth . And the third one took place on September 4 (also throughout the month of September) with the theme of "Celebrating diversity". More than 40 countries participated. The Declaration of Sexual Rights was first proclaimed on
806-421: Was an early sexologist who lectured on topics such as the process of sex and conception. The scientific study of sexual behavior in human beings began in the 19th century with Heinrich Kaan , whose book Psychopathia Sexualis (1844) Michel Foucault describes as marking "the date of birth, or in any case the date of the emergence of sexuality and sexual aberrations in the psychiatric field." The term sexology
837-449: Was coined for the first time in the United States by Elizabeth Osgood Goodrich Willard in 1867. Roughly simultaneously a group of homophile activists, not yet identifying themselves as sexologists, were responding to shifts in Europe 's national borders, a crisis that brought into conflict laws that were sexually liberal and laws that criminalized behaviors such as homosexual activity. Despite
868-716: Was previously named World Association for Sexology , but changed its name in order to stress that sexology is a tool for achieving sexual health. Five prominent Regional Continental Federations are members of the WAS: The Asia and Oceania Federation of Sexology (AOFS), the European Federation of Sexology (EFS), the Latin American Federation of Sexology and Sexual Education (FLASSES), the North American Federation of Sexuality Organizations (NAFSO), and
899-430: Was published monthly for one year. Those issues contained articles by Freud, Alfred Adler , and Wilhelm Stekel . In 1913, the first academic association was founded: the Society for Sexology . Freud developed a theory of sexuality. These stages of development include: Oral , Anal , Phallic , Latency and Genital . These stages run from infancy to puberty and onwards. based on his studies of his clients, between
930-477: Was scientifically known about the sexual behavior of farm animals than of humans. Psychologist and sexologist John Money developed theories on sexual identity and gender identity in the 1950s. His work, notably on the David Reimer case has since been regarded as controversial, even while the case was key to the development of treatment protocols for intersex infants and children. Kurt Freund developed
961-460: Was the doctor and sexologist Havelock Ellis who challenged the sexual taboos of his era regarding masturbation and homosexuality and revolutionized the conception of sex in his time. His seminal work was the 1897 Sexual Inversion , which describes the sexual relations of homosexual males, including men with boys. Ellis wrote the first objective study of homosexuality (the term was coined by Karl-Maria Kertbeny ), as he did not characterize it as