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39-671: The World Oral Literature Project was "an urgent global initiative to document and disseminate endangered oral literatures before they disappear without record" . Directed by Dr Mark Turin and co-located at the Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology , at the University of Cambridge and Yale University , the project was established in January 2009. From March 2013 the organization ceased funding projects, whilst maintaining online resources. The World Oral Literature Project provided small grants to fund

78-682: A database of language endangerment levels, including references to collections and recordings of oral literature that exist in archives around the world. Data on language endangerment are drawn from the online Ethnologue , the UNESCO Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger , and from a 'red list' compiled by Professor William Sutherland in the Department of Zoology at the University of Cambridge. However

117-472: A free intereactive digital map of New York City, one of the most linguistically diverse metropolitan areas in the world. In the classroom and beyond, Turin is committed to creating rich instructional experiences through the use of digital tools and open source materials. Turin has received grants from: University of Leiden During the Dutch Golden Age scholars from around Europe were attracted to

156-489: A joint summer program on global and transnational law from its Hague campus. The university has no central campus; its buildings are spread over the city. Some buildings, like the Gravensteen, are very old, while Van Steenis, Lipsius and Gorlaeus are much more modern. Among the institutions affiliated with the university are The KITLV or Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies (founded in 1851),

195-764: A second campus located in The Hague houses a liberal arts college ( Leiden University College The Hague ) and several of its faculties. It is a member of the Coimbra Group , the Europaeum , and a founding member of the League of European Research Universities . The university has produced twenty-six Spinoza Prize Laureates and sixteen Nobel Laureates . Members of the Dutch royal family such as Queen Juliana , Queen Beatrix , and King Willem-Alexander are alumni, and ten prime ministers of

234-473: A strategic alliance with Delft University of Technology and Erasmus University Rotterdam for the universities to increase the quality of their research and teaching. The university is also the unofficial home of the Bilderberg Group , a meeting of high-level political and economic figures from North America and Europe. Leiden University partnered with Duke University School of Law starting in 2017 to run

273-621: Is Luca Turin , a biophysicist and writer with a long-standing interest in bioelectronics, the sense of smell, perfumery, and the fragrance industry. After attending University College School , and completing his undergraduate studies in Anthropology and Archaeology with First Class Honours from the University of Cambridge (1995), Turin prepared a grammatical description and lexicon of the previously undocumented Thangmi (Thami) language spoken in Nepal and northern India for his doctoral research through

312-552: Is primarily audio and visual files that are either born digital or are digitised by the Project. This material is archived using DSpace and, where culturally appropriate, disseminated to the public through the World Oral Literature Project websites and streaming media services. Papers published by the World Oral Literature Project and Open Book Publishers : Researchers at the World Oral Literature Project have compiled

351-619: Is the most advanced graduate degree and is awarded by select university departments (mostly in the fields of Arts, Social Sciences, Archeology, Philosophy, and Theology). Admission to these programmes is highly selective and primarily aimed at those students opting for an academic career or before going into law or medicine. Traditionally, the MPhil degree enabled its holder to teach at the university levels as an associate professor. In addition, most departments, affiliated (research) institutes, or faculties offer doctorate programmes or positions, leading to

390-724: The Peter Wall Institute for Advanced Studies and the Killam Trust . Turin currently serves on 10 Editorial Boards, 2 Advisory Boards, 3 Advisory committees, 2 Steering Committees, and 2 Scientific Committees. He is also a member of the board of directors for the Canadian Language Museum since 2020; an Honorary committee member for the Association for the Promotion and Preservation of Himalayan Cultures (2020 – present); and

429-583: The Dutch Republic for its climate of intellectual tolerance. Individuals such as René Descartes , Rembrandt , Christiaan Huygens , Hugo Grotius , Benedictus Spinoza , and later Baron d'Holbach were active in Leiden and environs. The university has seven academic faculties and over fifty subject departments, housing more than forty national and international research institutes. Its historical primary campus consists of several buildings spread over Leiden, while

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468-718: The Himalayan Languages Project at the University of Leiden . From May 2007 until May 2008, he served as Chief of the Translation and Interpretation Unit in the United Nations Mission in Nepal . Turin continues to direct the Digital Himalaya Project, which he co-established in December 2000, based jointly the University of Cambridge and the University of British Columbia . In 2009, he established up

507-846: The Himalayas and the Pacific Northwest . From 2014–2018, he served as Chair of the First Nations and Endangered Languages Program and Acting Co-Director of the Institute for Critical Indigenous Studies at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver. He is an Associate Professor at the University of British Columbia, cross-appointed between the Department of Anthropology and the Institute for Critical Indigenous Studies. Turin served as Interim Editor of

546-561: The World Oral Literature Project supporting the documentation and preservation of oral literatures and endangered cultural traditions, affiliated to the University of Cambridge Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology . Turin was elected to a Fellowship at Hughes Hall, Cambridge in March 2011 and made a Quondam Fellow in March 2014. From August 2011 to June 2014, Turin held the posts of Lecturer and Associate Research Scientist, and

585-716: The Zeeman effect was discovered at the institution by Pieter Zeeman and shortly afterward explained by Hendrik Antoon Lorentz . In the world's first university low-temperature laboratory, Professor Heike Kamerlingh Onnes achieved a temperature only one degree above absolute zero . In 1908, he was also the first to succeed in liquifying helium and has played a role in the discovery of superconductivity in metals. The University Library has more than 5.2 million books and fifty thousand journals. It also has collections of Western and Oriental manuscripts , printed books, archives, prints, drawings, photographs, maps, and atlases . It houses

624-422: The 1640s, over five hundred students were enrolled from all across Europe, making it the largest Protestant university. Baruch Spinoza discovered Descartes's work partly at Leiden University, which he visited for periods of study multiple times. In the 18th century, Jacobus Gronovius , Herman Boerhaave , Tiberius Hemsterhuis , and David Ruhnken were among the renowned academics of the university. In 1896,

663-489: The 1920s and 1930s. Martinus Beijerinck , one of the founders of virology, finished his Ph.D. at Leiden in 1877. Kamerlingh Onnes was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1913. Three other professors received the Nobel Prize for their research performed at Universiteit Leiden: Hendrik Antoon Lorentz and Pieter Zeeman received the Nobel Prize for their pioneering work in the field of optical and electronic phenomena, and

702-655: The Convent of Saint Barbara, then moved to the Faliede Bagijn Church in 1577 (now the location of the university museum) and in 1581 to a former convent of Cistercian nuns , a site which it still occupies, though the original building was destroyed by a fire in 1616. Leiden University's reputation was created in part by the presence of scholars such as Justus Lipsius , Joseph Scaliger , Franciscus Gomarus , Hugo Grotius , Jacobus Arminius , Daniel Heinsius , and Gerhard Johann Vossius within fifty years of its founding. By

741-698: The Himalaya region. Turin briefly worked as the fieldwork coordinator for the Chintang and Puma Documentation Project (CPDP). Since 2009, Turin has directed the World Oral Literature Project , with the goal of supporting Indigenous-led research and publishing beyond the academy. He is the principal investigator for the Relational Lexicography (RelLex) project, which is developing a toolkit for dictionary-making for marginalized languages through community-informed methodologies. Turin also serves as one of project leads on

780-676: The Himalayan region, particularly in Nepal , northern India, and Bhutan . Most recently, he has developed research partnerships in the Pacific Northwest. In both regions, he works collaboratively with local Indigenous communities. Turin has also led research projects in the Tibetan Autonomous Region of China and in India's state of Sikkim . Turin has worked in close partnership with members of

819-620: The Leiden Observatory 1633; the Natural History Museum, with a very complete anatomical cabinet; the Rijksmuseum van Oudheden (National Museum of Antiquities), with especially valuable Egyptian and Indian departments; a museum of Dutch antiquities from the earliest times; and three ethnographical museums, of which the nucleus was Philipp Franz von Siebold 's Japanese collections. The anatomical and pathological laboratories of

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858-659: The Netherlands including Mark Rutte . US President John Quincy Adams also studied at the university. In 1575, the emerging Dutch Republic did not have universities in its northern heartland. The only other university in the Habsburg Netherlands was the University of Leuven located in an area under firm Spanish control. Prince William founded Leiden University to give the Northern Netherlands an institution that could educate its citizens in religion and provide

897-590: The Ph.D. degree. Most of the Ph.D. programmes offered by the university are concentrated in several research schools or institutes. Leiden University has more than 50 research and graduate schools and institutes. Some of them are fully affiliated with one faculty of the university, while others are interfaculty institutes or interuniversity institutes. Of the 107 Spinoza Prize laureates (the highest scientific award of The Netherlands), twenty-six were granted to professors of Leiden University. Literary historian Frits van Oostrom

936-799: The Thangmi-speaking community (in Nepal and India) since 1996, and with members of the Heiltsuk First Nation (British Columbia, Canada) since 2015. Turin has been a consultant to the World Bank, the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, and a number of United Nations agencies. Turin co-founded the Digital Himalaya Project in 2000, which has become an important open scholarly portal for multimedia resources on

975-760: The collecting of oral literature , with a particular focus on the peoples of Asia and the Pacific, and on areas of cultural disturbance. In addition, the Project hosted training workshops for grant recipients and other engaged scholars. The World Oral Literature Project also publishes oral texts and occasional papers, and makes collections of oral traditions accessible through online media platforms such as Cambridge Streaming Media Service and DSpace . Fourteen funded oral literature fieldwork and documentation projects were completed between 2009-2013. The World Oral Literature Project collected data gathered by grantees and anthropology fieldworkers as well as historic collections. This data

1014-513: The following Leiden professors: health psychologist Andrea Evers, immunology technologist Ton Schumacher and psychologist Judi Mesman. Among other leading professors are Wim Blockmans , professor of Medieval History, and Willem Adelaar , professor of Amerindian Languages . Other notable Leiden researchers were the Arabist and Islam expert Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje , the law expert Cornelis van Vollenhoven and historian Johan Huizinga , all during

1053-660: The founding Program Director of the Yale Himalaya Initiative at the MacMillan Center for International & Area Studies, Yale University . From 2013, together with Sienna Craig , Turin has served as Editor of Himalaya, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies . Turin's BBC Radio 4 series entitled Our Language in Your Hands aired in December 2012; and his second series On Language Location on

1092-422: The government with educated men in all fields. It is said the choice fell on Leiden as a reward for the heroic defence of Leiden against Spanish attacks in 1574. The name of Philip II of Spain , William's adversary, appears on the official foundation certificate as he was still the de jure count of Holland . Philip II forbade all his subjects to study in Leiden. The new institution was initially located in

1131-568: The journal Pacific Affairs from 2023-2024. Turin was born into an Italian-Dutch family, and raised in the United Kingdom and briefly in New York. His Italian father, Duccio Turin, was a UN diplomat and chief architect of the Palestinian refugee camps. His Dutch mother, Hannah Oorthuys, is a graphic designer and therapist, and the daughter of the photographer Cas Oorthuys . Turin's half-brother

1170-702: The linguistic landscape of Bhutan and Burma/Myanmar aired in October 2014 on BBC Radio 4 and in March 2015 on the BBC World Service . Turin serves as founding editor of the World Oral Literature Series with the Cambridge-based Open Book Publishers , which aims to preserve and promote the oral literatures of Indigenous communities in innovative, responsive, ethical and culturally-appropriate ways. Turin's work has been recognized by

1209-605: The new 'Wijnhaven' building on Turfmarkt in 2016. The Faculty of Governance and Global Affairs was established in 2011, together with the University College, and one of the largest programmes of the Faculty of Humanities, International Studies. Since 2017 Leiden University Medical Center also has a branch at Campus The Hague. The university is divided into seven major faculties which offer approximately 50 undergraduate degree programmes and over 100 graduate programmes. Most of

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1248-455: The project states The World Oral Literature Project does not take responsibility for the accuracy of the materials that our researchers have compiled from these three sources, and the Project does not have the staffing capacity to keep these resources up to date. . Mark Turin Mark Turin (born 1973) is a British anthropologist, linguist and occasional radio broadcaster who specializes in

1287-512: The rare collection of historical trees hundreds of years old, the Japanese Siebold Memorial Museum symbolising the historical link between East and West, the tropical greenhouses with their world-class plant collections, and the central square and Conservatory exhibiting exotic plants from South Africa and southern Europe. In 1998, the university has expanded to The Hague which has become home to Campus The Hague , with six of

1326-453: The seven faculties represented and exclusive home to the Faculty of Governance and Global Affairs, International Studies and Leiden University College The Hague , a liberal arts and sciences college. Here, the university offers academic courses in the fields of law, political science, public administration and medicine. It occupied a number of buildings in the centre of the city, including a college building at Lange Voorhout , before moving into

1365-428: The university are modern, and the museums of geology and mineralogy have been restored. The Hortus Botanicus (botanical garden) is the oldest botanical garden in the Netherlands and one of the oldest in the world. Plants from all over the world have been carefully cultivated here by experts for more than four centuries. The Clusius garden (a reconstruction), the 18th-century Orangery with its monumental tub plants,

1404-533: The university's departments offer their degree programme(s). Undergraduate programmes lead to either a B.A., B.Sc., or LL.B. degree. Other degrees, such as the B.Eng. or B.F.A. , are not awarded at Leiden University. Students can choose from a range of graduate programmes. Most of the above-mentioned undergraduate programmes can be continued with either a general or a specialised graduate program. Leiden University offers more than 100 graduate programs leading to either MA , MSc , MPhil , or LLM degrees . The MPhil

1443-597: The world's largest collections on Indonesia and the Caribbean , collected by the Scaliger Institute which studies various aspects of knowledge transmissions and ideas through texts and images from antiquity to the present day. In 2005, the manuscript of Einstein on the quantum theory of the monatomic ideal gas (the Einstein-Bose condensation ) was discovered in one of Leiden's libraries. In 2012 Leiden entered into

1482-528: Was an Advisory Group Member for the Prince's Trust Canada Indigenous Languages Revitalization Initiative (2019–2020) and a Curatorial Affiliate for the Peabody Museum of Natural History (Yale, 2012 – 2020). A complete list of his appointments can be found on his faculty home page. Mark Turin's research, teaching and community engagement are focused on three principal areas: For over 20 years, Turin has worked in

1521-1296: Was the first professor of Leiden to be granted the Spinoza award for his work on developing the NLCM centre (Dutch literature and culture in the Middle Ages) into a top research centre. Other Spinoza Prize winners are linguists Frederik Kortlandt and Pieter Muysken, mathematician Hendrik Lenstra , physicists Carlo Beenakker , Jan Zaanen , Dirk Bouwmeester and Michel Orrit, astronomers Ewine van Dishoeck , Marijn Franx and Alexander Tielens , transplantation biologist Els Goulmy , clinical epidemiologist Frits Rosendaal, pedagogue Marinus van IJzendoorn , archeologists Wil Roebroeks and Corinne Hofman , neurologist Michel Ferrari , classicist Ineke Sluiter , social psychologist Naomi Ellemers , statistician Aad van der Vaart , cognitive psychologist Eveline Crone , organisation psychologist Carsten de Dreu , chemical immunologist Sjaak Neefjes , parasitologist Maria Yazdanbakhsh, electrochemist Mark Koper and astrophysicist Ignas Snellen. The Stevin Prize laureates who have achieved exceptional success in knowledge exchange and impact for society include

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