50-483: Witek is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Elżbieta Witek (born 1957), Polish politician Frank P. Witek (1921–1944), United States Marine Kate Witek , American politician Melissa Witek (born 1981), American actress, model and beauty queen Mickey Witek (1915–1990), American professional baseball player Terri Witek , American poet [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with
100-455: A film set for the following films as a result of its well preserved Old Town, proximity to Germany and low costs: Legnica tends to be a left -of- center town with a considerable influence of workers' unions . The Municipal Council of Legnica ( Rada miejska miasta Legnica ) is the legislative branch of the local government and is composed of 25 members elected in local elections every five years. The mayor or town president ( Prezydent miasta )
150-564: A huge fire. The fire decreased the number of inhabitants in the city and halted any significant further development for many decades. Legnica, along with other Silesian duchies, became a vassal of the Kingdom of Bohemia during the 14th century and was included within the multi-ethnic Holy Roman Empire , however remained ruled by local dukes of the Polish Piast dynasty . In 1454, a local rebellion prevented Legnica from falling under direct rule of
200-404: A kindergarten teacher born in 1991. This article about a Law and Justice politician is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Legnica Legnica ( Polish: [lɛɡˈɲit͡sa] ; German : Liegnitz , pronounced [ˈliːɡnɪts] ; Silesian : Ligńica ; Czech : Lehnice ; Latin : Lignitium ) is a city in southwestern Poland, in
250-487: A military unit formed almost exclusively out of Polish soldiers. The census of 1910 gave Liegnitz's population as 95.86% German , 0.15% German and Polish, 1.27% Polish , 2.26% Wendish , and 0.19% Czech . On 1 April 1937 parts of the Landkreis of Liegnitz communities of Alt Beckern (Piekary), Groß Beckern (Piekary Wielkie), Hummel, Liegnitzer Vorwerke, Pfaffendorf (Piątnica) und Prinkendorf (Przybków) were incorporated into
300-516: A new fortified settlement was built here in a style typical of the early Piast dynasty . It is mentioned in 1149 when High Duke Bolesław IV the Curly funded a chapel at the St. Benedict monastery. Legnica was the most likely place of residence for Bolesław and it became the residence of the high dukes of Poland in 1163 and was the seat of a principality ruled from 1248 until 1675. Legnica became famous for
350-424: A part of national road no 3 . The express road S3 building has been planned nearby. In the city there are 20 regular bus lines, 1 belt-line , 2 night lines and 3 suburban. The town has an airport (airport code EPLE) with a 1600-metre runway, the remains of a former Soviet air base, but it is (as of 2007 ) in a poor state and not used for commercial flights. In recent years Legnica has been frequently used as
400-540: A postal milestone of King Augustus II the Strong from 1725 in Legnica. In the 1950s and 1960s, the local copper and nickel industries became a major factor in the economic development of the area. Legnica houses industrial plants belonging to KGHM Polska Miedź , one of the largest producers of copper and silver in the world. The company owns a large copper mill on the western outskirts of town. Legnica Special Economic Zone
450-588: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles El%C5%BCbieta Witek Elżbieta Barbara Witek (née Zbanuch ; born 17 December 1957) is a Polish conservative politician of the Law and Justice party. Historian , history teacher by profession. Marshal of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland for the 8th and 9th parliamentary terms from 2019 to 2023. Member of the Sejm of
500-604: Is renowned for its varied architecture , spanning from early medieval to modern period, and its preserved Old Town with the Piast Castle , one of the largest in Poland. According to the Foreign direct investment ranking (FDI) from 2016, Legnica is one of the most progressive high-income cities in the Silesian region. As of 31 December 2012 Legnica has 102,708 inhabitants and
550-478: Is the third largest city in the voivodeship (after Wrocław and Wałbrzych ) and 38th in Poland. It also constitutes the southernmost and the largest urban center of a copper deposit ( Legnicko-Głogowski Okręg Miedziowy ) with agglomeration of 448,617 inhabitants. Legnica is the largest city of the conurbation and is a member of the Association of Polish Cities. Archaeological research conducted in eastern Legnica in
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#1732917432863600-550: The Kristallnacht in 1938 the synagogue was burned down, and in 1939 the local Polish population was terrorized and persecuted. A Nazi court prison was operated in the city with a forced labour subcamp. During World War II , several members of the Polish resistance movement were imprisoned and sentenced to death there. The Germans also established two forced labour camps in the city, as well as two prisoner of war labor subcamps of
650-723: The Kingdom of Prussia after King Frederick the Great's defeat of Austria in the War of the Austrian Succession . In 1760 during the Seven Years' War , Liegnitz was the site of the Battle of Liegnitz when Frederick's army defeated an Austrian army led by Laudon . During the Napoleonic Wars and Polish national liberation fights , in 1807 Polish uhlans were stationed in the city, and in 1813,
700-721: The POW camp located in Żagań (then Sagan ), and one labor subcamp of the Stalag VIII-A POW camp in Zgorzelec (then Görlitz ). After the defeat of Nazi Germany during World War II , Liegnitz and all of Silesia east of the Neisse was preliminarily transferred to Poland following the Potsdam Conference in 1945. The majority of the German population was either expelled in accordance with
750-468: The Polish Broadcasting Act , which triggered widespread public protests. Despite initial defeat, she controversially ordered a resumption of the vote on the adjournment of the sitting, a decision that received negative assessments from parts of the journalistic community and some legal experts. She concluded her term as Marshal of the Sejm on 12 November 2023. Following the 2023 elections, she
800-572: The Potsdam Agreement or fled from the city. The city was repopulated with Poles, including expellees from pre-war eastern Poland after its annexation by the Soviet Union . Also Greeks , refugees of the Greek Civil War , settled in Legnica in 1950. As the medieval Polish name Lignica was considered archaic , the town was renamed Legnica. The transfer to Poland decided at Potsdam in 1945
850-639: The battle that took place at Legnickie Pole near the city on 9 April 1241 during the First Mongol invasion of Poland . The Christian army of the Polish duke Henry II the Pious of Silesia, supported by feudal nobility, which included in addition to Poles, Bavarian miners and military orders and Czech troops, was decisively defeated by the Mongols . The Mongols killed Henry and destroyed his forces, then turned south to rejoin
900-406: The surname Witek . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Witek&oldid=885300698 " Category : Surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description
950-654: The 2005 elections and successfully defended her seat in subsequent elections, including in 2007, receiving 9,666 votes, and in 2011, obtaining 9,381 votes. In November 2011, she was elected to the political committee of the Law and Justice party. Her roles expanded in 2015 when she became the PiS spokesperson and was re-elected to the Sejm with 22,168 votes. She was appointed minister without portfolio in Beata Szydło's cabinet on 16 November 2015, taking on additional responsibilities as head of
1000-652: The 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th terms (since 2005). Government spokeswoman from 2015 to 2016, from 2015 to 2017 Minister-Member of the Council of Ministers and Head of the Prime Minister's Political Cabinet in the governments of Beata Szydło and Mateusz Morawiecki , in 2019 Minister of the Interior and Administration in the first cabinet of Mateusz Morawiecki . Born in Wrocław, she completed her master's degree in history at
1050-513: The Bohemian kings. In 1505, Duke Frederick II of Legnica met in Legnica with the duke of nearby Głogów , Sigismund I the Old , the future king of Poland. The Protestant Reformation was introduced in the duchy as early as 1522 and the population became Lutheran . In 1526, a Protestant university was established in Legnica, which, however, was closed in 1529. In 1528 the first printing house in Legnica
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#17329174328631100-573: The Council of Ministers, she was elected as the Marshal of the Sejm, receiving 245 votes.In the October parliamentary elections of the same year, she was re-elected as an MP with 46,171 votes. On 12 November 2019, at the first sitting of the 9th Sejm, she was elected Marshal of the Sejm, securing 314 votes. Her tenure as Marshal was marked by significant controversy, particularly surrounding the vote on amendments to
1150-659: The Faculty of Philosophy and History of Wrocław University in 1980. She furthered her education by completing post-graduate studies in European Union studies at the Wrocław University Institute of History in 1996. Her professional career began immediately after her graduation in 1980 when she took up a teaching position in Jawor . She progressed to become the head teacher at Jawor Primary School No. 2 in 1991, and later at
1200-594: The General Secondary School Complex in Jawor. In addition to her educational roles, she served as a lay judge in the labour court for four years. From 2004 to 2008, she held the position of vice-president of the Jawor Sports Club "Olimpia". Her political engagement started in 1980 when she joined " Solidarity ". She faced temporary arrest for three months in 1982 due to her opposition activities. During
1250-521: The Horned , who was buried there as the only monarch of Poland to be buried in Legnica. Already by 1300 there was a city council in Legnica. Duke Bolesław III the Generous granted new trade privileges in 1314 and 1318 and allowed the construction of a town hall, and in 1337 the first waterworks were built. In the years 1327–1380 a new Gothic church of Saint Peter (today's Cathedral) was erected in place of
1300-410: The Polish throne, however, in the 1669 Polish–Lithuanian royal election he wasn't chosen as King. In 1676, Legnica passed to direct Habsburg rule after the death of the last Silesian Piast duke and the last Piast duke overall, George William (son of Duke Christian), despite the earlier inheritance pact by Brandenburg and Silesia, by which it was to go to Brandenburg. The last Piast duke was buried in
1350-543: The Prime Minister's political cabinet and Council of Ministers spokesperson, a role she held until 8 January 2016. She returned to the ministerial position without portfolio in the cabinet of Mateusz Morawiecki on 11 December 2017, and was dismissed from the Council of Ministers a week later. On 4 June 2019 she was appointed Minister of the Interior and Administration and was also appointed to the Social Dialogue Council. On 9 August 2019, following her resignation from
1400-749: The Prussians, under Field Marshal Blücher , defeated the French forces of MacDonald in the Battle of Katzbach (Kaczawa) nearby. After the administrative reorganization of the Prussian state following the Congress of Vienna , Liegnitz and the surrounding territory ( Landkreis Liegnitz ) were incorporated into the Regierungsbezirk (administrative district) of Liegnitz, within the Province of Silesia on 1 May 1816. Along with
1450-540: The St. John's church in Legnica in 1676. Silesian aristocracy was trained at the Liegnitz Ritter-Akademie , established in the early 18th century. One of two main routes connecting Warsaw and Dresden ran through the city in the 18th century and Kings Augustus II the Strong and Augustus III of Poland traveled that route many times. The postal milestone of King Augustus II comes from that period. In 1742 most of Silesia, including Liegnitz, became part of
1500-416: The ancient nation of Lugii (Lygii) in the area, and mentioned their town of Lugidunum, which has been attributed to both Legnica and Głogów . Slavic Lechitic tribes moved into the area in the 8th century. The city was first officially mentioned in chronicles from 1004, although settlement dates to the 7th century. Dendrochronological research proves that during the reign of Mieszko I of Poland ,
1550-638: The capital of the Duchy of Legnica at the beginning of the 14th century, Legnica was one of the most important cities of Central Europe, having a population of nearly 16,000 residents. The city began to expand quickly after the discovery of gold in the Kaczawa River between Legnica and Złotoryja (Goldberg) . Unfortunately, such a growth rate can not be maintained long. Shortly after the city reached its maximum population increase, wooden buildings which had been erected during this period of rapid growth were devastated by
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1600-573: The central part of Lower Silesia , on the Kaczawa River and the Czarna Woda . As well as being the seat of the county, since 1992 the city has been the seat of the Diocese of Legnica . As of 2023, Legnica had a population of 97,300 inhabitants. The city was first referenced in chronicles dating from the year 1004, although previous settlements could be traced back to the 7th century. The name "Legnica"
1650-600: The city limits. After the Treaty of Versailles following World War I , Liegnitz was part of the newly created Province of Lower Silesia from 1919 to 1938, then of the Province of Silesia from 1938 to 1941, and again of the Province of Lower Silesia from 1941 to 1945. After the Nazi Party came to power in Germany, as early as 1933, a boycott of local Jewish premises was ordered, during
1700-604: The death of the last Piast duke George William . Legnica is one of the historical burial sites of Polish monarchs and consorts . Legnica became renowned for the fierce battle that took place at Legnickie Pole near the city on 9 April 1241 during the first Mongol invasion of Poland , which ended in the defeat of the Polish-led Christian coalition by the Mongols . Legnica is an economic, cultural and academic centre in Lower Silesia , together with Wrocław . The city
1750-564: The early 1990s, she was an active member of the Citizens' Movement for Democratic Action . She served on the Jaworsk municipal council from 2002 to 2005 and made an unsuccessful bid for mayor in 2002. She initially ran for the Sejm on the Law and Justice party list in the 2001 parliamentary elections but was unsuccessful. However, she was elected to the Sejm of the fifth term in the Legnica constituency in
1800-608: The largest anti-Soviet demonstrations in Lower Silesia took place in Legnica. The last Soviet units left the city in 1993. Between 1 June 1975 and 31 December 1998 Legnica was the capital of the Legnica Voivodeship . In 1992 the Roman Catholic Diocese of Legnica was established, Tadeusz Rybak became the first bishop of Legnica. New local newspapers and a radio station were founded in the 1990s. In 1997, Legnica
1850-475: The late 1970s, showed the existence of a bronze foundry and the graves of three metallurgists. The find indicates a time interval about year 1000 BC. A settlement of the Lusatian culture people existed in the 8th century B.C. After invasions of Celts beyond upper Danube basin, the area of Legnica and north foothills of Sudetes was infiltrated by Celtic settlers and traders. Tacitus and Ptolemy recorded
1900-632: The latter closed to the public. These were first established in July 1945, when the Soviets forcibly ejected newly arrived Polish inhabitants from the parts of the city they wanted for their own use. The ejection was perceived by some as a particularly brutal action, and rumours circulated exaggerating its severity, though no evidence of anyone being killed in the course of it has come to light. In April 1946 city officials estimated that there were 16,700 Poles, 12,800 Germans, and 60,000 Soviets in Legnica. In October 1956,
1950-449: The old one, and is one of Legnica's landmarks since. Also by the 14th century the city walls were erected. In 1345 the first coins were produced in the local mint. In 1374, the potters' guild was founded, as one of the oldest in Silesia. Queen consort of Poland Hedwig of Sagan died in Legnica in 1390 and was buried in the local collegiate church, which has not survived to this day. As
2000-537: The preserved old town with its town houses were demolished, the historical layout was abolished, and the city was rebuilt in modern form. From 1945 to 1990, during the Cold War , the headquarters of the Soviet forces in Poland, the so-called Northern Group of Forces , was located in the city. This fact had a strong influence on the life of the city. For much of the period, the city was divided into Polish and Soviet areas, with
2050-483: The rest of Prussia, the town became part of the German Empire in 1871 during the unification of Germany . On 1 January 1874 Liegnitz became the third city in Lower Silesia (after Breslau and Görlitz ) to be raised to an urban district , although the district administrator of the surrounding Landkreis of Liegnitz continued to have his seat in the city. Its military garrison was home to Königsgrenadier-Regiment Nr. 7
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2100-562: The rest of the Mongol armies, which were massing at the Plain of Mohi in Hungary via Moravia against a coalition of King Bela IV and his armies, and Bela's Kipchak allies. After the war, nonetheless, the city was developing rapidly. In 1258 at the church of St. Peter, a parish school was established, probably the first of its kind in Poland. Around 1278 a Dominican monastery was founded by Bolesław II
2150-419: The same day, she was also nominated by her party for the position of Deputy Marshal of the Sejm , but she did not secure the post, receiving 203 votes. She is the daughter of Florian, a baker, and Eleonora, a dressmaker. She was married to Stanislaw Witek, also a historian and history teacher, from 1980 until his passing in 2024. Together, they had two daughters: Marta, a gym teacher born in 1983, and Gabriela,
2200-533: Was officially recognized by East Germany in 1950, by West Germany under Chancellor Willy Brandt in the 1970 Treaty of Warsaw , and finally by the reunited Germany by the Two Plus Four Agreement in 1990. By 1990 only a handful of Polonized Germans, prewar citizens of Liegnitz, remained of the pre-1945 German population. In 2010 the city celebrated the 65th anniversary of the return of Legnica to Poland and its liberation from Nazi Germany. The city
2250-545: Was established in 1997. Legnica is a regional academic center with seven universities enrolling approximately 16,000 students. Legnica is noted for its parks and gardens, and has seven hundred hectares of green space, mostly along the banks of the Kaczawa ; the Tarninow district is particularly attractive. To the south of Legnica is the A4 motorway . Legnica has also a district, which is
2300-634: Was established. After the death of King Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia at Mohács in 1526, Legnica became a fief of the Habsburg monarchy of Austria. The first map of Silesia was made by native son Martin Helwig . The city suffered during the Thirty Years' War . In 1633 a plague epidemic broke out, and in 1634 the Austrian army destroyed the suburbs. In 1668 Duke of Legnica Christian presented his candidacy to
2350-408: Was mentioned in 1149 under High Duke of Poland Bolesław IV the Curly . Legnica was most likely the seat of Bolesław and it became the residence of the dukes of Legnica from 1248 until 1675. Legnica is a city over which the Piast dynasty reigned the longest, for about 700 years, from the time of ruler Mieszko I of Poland after the creation of the Polish state in the 10th century, until 1675 and
2400-419: Was only partly damaged in World War II. In June 1945 Legnica was briefly the capital of the Lower Silesian (Wrocław) Voivodship, after the administration was moved there from Trzebnica and before it was finally moved to Wrocław . In 1947, the Municipal Library was opened, in 1948 a piano factory was founded, and in the years 1951-1959 Poland's first copper smelter was built in Legnica. After 1965 most parts of
2450-404: Was re-elected as an MP, securing 89,172 votes. On 13 November 2023 the Law and Justice (PiS) party nominated her once again for the post of Marshal of the Sejm. However, she was defeated by Szymon Holownia , the candidate from Poland 2050 , who was supported by a coalition of the Polish People's Party , the Civic Coalition , the Confederation , and the Left , with a vote count of 193 to 265. On
2500-420: Was visited by Pope John Paul II . The city suffered in the 1997 Central European flood . Legnica has an oceanic climate ( Köppen climate classification : Cfb ). Legnica is a city with rich historical architecture, ranging from Romanesque and Gothic through the Renaissance and Baroque to Historicist styles. Among the landmarks of Legnica are: There is also a monument of Pope John Paul II and
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