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71-537: The Windows Server family of operating systems consists of Windows operating systems developed and licensed for use on server computers. This family started with Windows Server 2003 , for which Microsoft released a major upgrade every four years and a minor upgrade every two years following a major release. This family has branded members too, such as Windows Home Server , Windows HPC Server and Windows MultiPoint Server . The following products are shipped as Windows component, as opposed to standalone products. Some of

142-620: A Storage Area Network , in which the data is transferred in terms of chunks rather than files, thus providing more granularity to the data that can be transferred. This provides higher performance to database and transaction processing applications. Windows Storage Server 2003 also allows NAS devices to be connected to a SAN. Windows Storage Server 2003 led to a second release named Windows Storage Server 2003 R2. This release adds file-server performance optimization, Single Instance Storage (SIS), and index-based search. Single instance storage (SIS) scans storage volumes for duplicate files, and moves

213-425: A database . The tester can observe the state of the product being tested after performing certain actions such as executing SQL statements against the database and then executing queries to ensure that the expected changes have been reflected. Grey-box testing implements intelligent test scenarios based on limited information. This will particularly apply to data type handling, exception handling , and so on. With

284-526: A Requirements gap – omission from the design for a requirement. Requirement gaps can often be non-functional requirements such as testability , scalability , maintainability , performance , and security . A fundamental limitation of software testing is that testing under all combinations of inputs and preconditions (initial state) is not feasible, even with a simple product. Defects that manifest in unusual conditions are difficult to find in testing. Also, non-functional dimensions of quality (how it

355-457: A SAN, without any modification to the application. The Datacenter edition, like the Enterprise edition, supports 8-node clustering . Clustering increases availability and fault tolerance of server installations by distributing and replicating the service among many servers. This edition supports clustering with each cluster having its own dedicated storage, or with all cluster nodes connected to

426-609: A Storage Management snap-in for the Microsoft Management Console. It can be used to manage storage volumes centrally, including DFS shares, on servers running Windows Storage Server R2. Windows Storage Server 2003 R2 can be used as an iSCSI target with standard and enterprise editions of Windows Storage Server 2003 R2, incorporating WinTarget iSCSI technology which Microsoft acquired in 2006 by from StringBean software. This will be an add-on feature available for purchase through OEM partners as an iSCSI feature pack, or

497-531: A back-end with another remote server as the front-end, CALs may still be required. Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Standard is aimed towards small to medium-sized businesses. Standard Edition supports file and printer sharing, offers secure Internet connectivity, and allows centralized desktop application deployment. A specialized variant for the x64 architecture was released in April 2005. The IA-32 variants supports up to four physical processors and up to 4 GB RAM;

568-463: A backup system to restore lost files has been created together with improved disk management, including the ability to back up from shadows of files, allowing the backup of open files. Another important area where improvements have been made are the scripting and command-line tools, with the improvements being part of Microsoft's initiative to bring a complete command shell to the next version of Windows. Other notable new features include support for

639-689: A build number of 2721. This was followed by build 2805, known as Beta 2 Refresh. The final build is 3790. Microsoft has described Service Pack 2 as a "standard" service pack release containing previously released security updates, hotfixes, and reliability and performance improvements. In addition, Service Pack 2 contains Microsoft Management Console 3.0, Windows Deployment Services (which replaces Remote Installation Services ), support for WPA2 , and improvements to IPsec and MSConfig. Service Pack 2 also adds Windows Server 2003 Scalable Networking Pack (SNP), which allows hardware acceleration for processing network packets, thereby enabling faster throughput. SNP

710-470: A common SAN. Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003 (CCS), released in June 2006, is designed for high-end applications that require high performance computing clusters . It is designed to be deployed on numerous computers to be clustered together to achieve supercomputing speeds. Each Compute Cluster Server network comprises at least one controlling head node and subordinate processing nodes that carry out most of

781-415: A copy of Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 1 included and another containing a host of optionally-installed new features needed for Windows Server 2003 R2 installation, similar to that of Microsoft Plus! for Windows 95 . Software testing Software testing is the act of checking whether software satisfies expectations. Software testing can provide objective, independent information about

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852-413: A failure. For example, a defect in dead code will not be considered a failure. A defect that does not cause failure at one point in time may later occur due to environmental changes. Examples of environment change include running on new computer hardware , changes in data , and interacting with different software. A single defect may result in multiple failure symptoms. Software testing may involve

923-519: A hardware-based " watchdog timer ", which can restart the server if the operating system does not respond within a certain amount of time. On this version of Windows Server the Themes service is disabled by default, defaulting to the appearance of previous Windows versions (such as Windows 2000). Windows Server 2003 comes in a number of editions, each targeted towards a particular size and type of business. In general, all variants of Windows Server 2003 have

994-829: A part of the Windows Server 2003 series, is a specialized server operating system for network-attached storage (NAS). Launched in 2003 at Storage Decisions in Chicago, it is optimized for use in file and print sharing and also in storage area network (SAN) scenarios. It is only available through Original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). Unlike other Windows Server 2003 editions that provide file and printer sharing functionality, Windows Storage Server 2003 does not require any CAL. Windows Storage Server 2003 NAS equipment can be headless , which means that they are without any monitors, keyboards or mice, and are administered remotely. Such devices are plugged into any existing IP network and

1065-420: A processor with ACPI in any supported architecture ( x86 , x64 and Itanium ). As of July 2016, 18% of organizations used servers that were running Windows Server 2003. Windows Server 2003 is the follow-up to Windows 2000 Server, incorporating compatibility and other features from Windows XP . Unlike Windows 2000, Windows Server 2003's default installation has none of the server components enabled, to reduce

1136-661: Is a Windows Small Business Server 2003 R2 Transition Pack. Windows Home Server (WHS) is an operating system from Microsoft based on Windows Small Business Server 2003 SP2. Windows Home Server was announced on January 7, 2007, at the Consumer Electronics Show by Bill Gates and is intended to be a solution for homes with multiple connected PCs to offer file sharing, automated backups, and remote access. Windows Home Server began shipment to OEMs on September 15, 2007. Windows Server 2003 for Embedded Systems replaced "Windows 2000 Server for Embedded Systems". Intended use

1207-449: Is a lack of its compatibility with other application software , operating systems (or operating system versions , old or new), or target environments that differ greatly from the original (such as a terminal or GUI application intended to be run on the desktop now being required to become a Web application , which must render in a Web browser ). For example, in the case of a lack of backward compatibility , this can occur because

1278-408: Is designed for infrastructures demanding high security and reliability. Windows Server 2003 is available for IA-32, Itanium, and x64 processors. It supports a maximum of 32 physical processors on IA-32 platform or 64 physical processors on x64 and IA-64 hardware. IA-32 variants of this edition support up to 64 GB of RAM. With Service Pack 2 installed, the x64 variants support up to 1 TB while

1349-660: Is designed to be used primarily as an IIS web server and provides a platform for developing and deploying XML Web services and applications that use ASP.NET technology. Domain controller and Terminal Services functionality are not included on Web Edition. However, Remote Desktop for Administration is available. Only 10 concurrent file-sharing connections are allowed at any moment. It is not possible to install Microsoft SQL Server and Microsoft Exchange software in this edition without installing Service Pack 1 . Despite supporting XML Web services and ASP.NET, UDDI cannot be deployed on Windows Server 2003 Web . The .NET Framework version 2.0

1420-537: Is different and costs slightly more than CALs for the other editions of Windows Server 2003. However, the SBS CAL encompasses the user CALs for Windows Server, Exchange Server, SQL Server and ISA Server, and hence is less expensive than buying all other CALs individually. SBS has the following design limitations, mainly affecting Active Directory: To remove the limitations from an instance of SBS and upgrade to regular Windows Server, Exchange Server, SQL and ISA Server, there

1491-713: Is helpful in ensuring correct functionality, but not sufficient since the same code may process different inputs correctly or incorrectly. Black-box testing (also known as functional testing) describes designing test cases without knowledge of the implementation, without reading the source code. The testers are only aware of what the software is supposed to do, not how it does it. Black-box testing methods include: equivalence partitioning , boundary value analysis , all-pairs testing , state transition tables , decision table testing, fuzz testing , model-based testing , use case testing, exploratory testing , and specification-based testing. Specification-based testing aims to test

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1562-480: Is included in some versions of WSS as configured by OEMs. Windows Storage Server 2003 can be promoted to function as a domain controller; however, this edition is not licensed to run directory services. It can be joined to an existing domain as a member server. Windows Storage Server 2003 R2 was available in the following editions: Windows Unified Data Storage Server is a variant of Windows Storage Server 2003 R2 with iSCSI target support standard, available in only

1633-475: Is not included with Windows Server 2003 Web, but can be installed as a separate update from Windows Update. Windows Server 2003 Web supports a maximum of two physical processors and a maximum of 2 GB of RAM. It is the only edition of Windows Server 2003 that does not require any client access license (CAL) when used as the internet facing server front-end for Internet Information Services and Windows Server Update Services . When using it for storage or as

1704-497: Is one that detects an as-yet undiscovered error." ), it illustrated the desire of the software engineering community to separate fundamental development activities, such as debugging, from that of verification. Software testing is typically goal driven. Software testing typically includes handling software bugs – a defect in the code that causes an undesirable result. Bugs generally slow testing progress and involve programmer assistance to debug and fix. Not all defects cause

1775-488: Is supposed to be versus what it is supposed to do ) – usability , scalability , performance , compatibility , and reliability – can be subjective; something that constitutes sufficient value to one person may not to another. Although testing for every possible input is not feasible, testing can use combinatorics to maximize coverage while minimizing tests. Testing can be categorized many ways. Software testing can be categorized into levels based on how much of

1846-438: Is supposed to do and what it needs to do? Information learned from software testing may be used to improve the process by which software is developed. Software testing should follow a "pyramid" approach wherein most of your tests should be unit tests , followed by integration tests and finally end-to-end (e2e) tests should have the lowest proportion. A study conducted by NIST in 2002 reported that software bugs cost

1917-456: Is the first server edition of Windows to support the IA64 and x64 architectures. The product went through several name changes during the course of development. When first announced in 2000, it was known by its codename "Whistler Server"; it was named "Windows 2002 Server" for a brief time in mid-2001, followed by "Windows .NET Server" and "Windows .NET Server 2003". After Microsoft chose to focus

1988-457: Is the last date that OEM's may distribute systems using this version. All variants continued to receive Critical security updates until the end of extended support: Release 2 for Embedded Systems was available in 32 and 64 bit variants, Standard (1-4 CPU) and Enterprise (1-8 CPU): Windows XP Professional x64 Edition was released less than a month after Windows Server 2003 SP1, and used the same kernel and source code tree. While many features of

2059-572: Is the sixth version of the Windows Server operating system produced by Microsoft . It is part of the Windows NT family of operating systems and was released to manufacturing on March 28, 2003 and generally available on April 24, 2003. Windows Server 2003 is the successor to the Server editions of Windows 2000 and the predecessor to Windows Server 2008 . An updated version, Windows Server 2003 R2,

2130-441: The attack surface of new machines. Windows Server 2003 includes compatibility modes to allow older applications to run with greater stability. It was made more compatible with Windows NT 4.0 domain-based networking. Windows Server 2003 brought in enhanced Active Directory compatibility and better deployment support to ease the transition from Windows NT 4.0 to Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP Professional. Windows Server 2003

2201-498: The quality of software and the risk of its failure to a user or sponsor. Software testing can determine the correctness of software for specific scenarios but cannot determine correctness for all scenarios. It cannot find all bugs . Based on the criteria for measuring correctness from an oracle , software testing employs principles and mechanisms that might recognize a problem. Examples of oracles include specifications , contracts , comparable products, past versions of

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2272-526: The software system is the focus of a test. There are many approaches to software testing. Reviews , walkthroughs , or inspections are referred to as static testing, whereas executing programmed code with a given set of test cases is referred to as dynamic testing . Static testing is often implicit, like proofreading, plus when programming tools/text editors check source code structure or compilers (pre-compilers) check syntax and data flow as static program analysis . Dynamic testing takes place when

2343-484: The unit , integration , and system levels of the software testing process, it is usually done at the unit level. It can test paths within a unit, paths between units during integration, and between subsystems during a system–level test. Though this method of test design can uncover many errors or problems, it might not detect unimplemented parts of the specification or missing requirements. Techniques used in white-box testing include: Code coverage tools can evaluate

2414-511: The ".NET" branding on the .NET Framework , the OS was finally released as "Windows Server 2003". Windows Server 2003's codebase was reused for the development of Windows Vista under its codename, "Longhorn". Pre-reset builds of "Longhorn" were based on the Windows .NET Server Release Candidate 1 (3663) codebase, whereas post-reset builds of "Longhorn/Vista" after the development reset in 2004 are based on

2485-469: The 32-bit variant of Windows XP were brought over into Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, other limitations imposed by constraints such as only supporting 64-bit drivers, and support for 16-bit programs being dropped led to incompatibilities with the 32-bit Windows XP editions available. It later received a Service Pack update as part of the release of Windows Server 2003 SP2. On March 30, 2005, Microsoft released Service Pack 1 for Windows Server 2003. Among

2556-527: The IA-64 variants support up to 2 TB of RAM. Windows Server 2003 Datacenter also allows limiting processor and memory usage on a per-application basis. This edition has better support for storage area networks (SANs): It features a service which uses Windows sockets to emulate TCP/IP communication over native SAN service providers, thereby allowing a SAN to be accessed over any TCP/IP channel. With this, any application that can communicate over TCP/IP can use

2627-737: The IUT should be decided before the testing plan starts to be executed (preset testing ) or whether each input to be applied to the IUT can be dynamically dependent on the outputs obtained during the application of the previous tests (adaptive testing ). Software testing can often be divided into white-box and black-box. These two approaches are used to describe the point of view that the tester takes when designing test cases. A hybrid approach called grey-box that includes aspects of both boxes may also be applied to software testing methodology. White-box testing (also known as clear box testing, glass box testing, transparent box testing, and structural testing) verifies

2698-490: The U.S. economy $ 59.5 billion annually. More than a third of this cost could be avoided if better software testing was performed. Outsourcing software testing because of costs is very common, with China, the Philippines, and India being preferred destinations. Glenford J. Myers initially introduced the separation of debugging from testing in 1979. Although his attention was on breakage testing ("A successful test case

2769-399: The ability to deactivate classes from the schema , or to run multiple instances of the directory server (ADAM). There was also a notable change in the ability to create a rescue disk , which was removed in favor of Automated System Recovery (ASR). Other Improvements to Group Policy handling and administration have also been made. For the first time in the history of Windows Server,

2840-399: The ability to share files and printers, act as an application server, host message queues, provide email services, authenticate users, act as an X.509 certificate server, provide LDAP directory services, serve streaming media, and to perform other server-oriented functions. Windows Server 2003 Web is meant for building and hosting Web applications, Web pages, and XML web services . It

2911-468: The application is supposed to do. It uses external descriptions of the software, including specifications, requirements, and designs, to derive test cases. These tests can be functional or non-functional , though usually functional. Specification-based testing may be necessary to assure correct functionality, but it is insufficient to guard against complex or high-risk situations. Black box testing can be used to any level of testing although usually not at

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2982-455: The completeness of a test suite that was created with any method, including black-box testing. This allows the software team to examine parts of a system that are rarely tested and ensures that the most important function points have been tested. Code coverage as a software metric can be reported as a percentage for: 100% statement coverage ensures that all code paths or branches (in terms of control flow ) are executed at least once. This

3053-526: The computing cluster. MS MPI was designed to be compatible with the reference open source MPI2 specification which is widely used in High-performance computing (HPC). With some exceptions because of security considerations, MS MPI covers the complete set of MPI2 functionality as implemented in MPICH2, except for the planned future features of dynamic process spawn and publishing. Windows Storage Server 2003,

3124-501: The concept of grey-box testing, this "arbitrary distinction" between black- and white-box testing has faded somewhat. Most software systems have installation procedures that are needed before they can be used for their main purpose. Testing these procedures to achieve an installed software system that may be used is known as installation testing . These procedures may involve full or partial upgrades, and install/uninstall processes. A common cause of software failure (real or perceived)

3195-444: The developer as opposed to just describing it, and the need to replicate test failures will cease to exist in many cases. The developer will have all the evidence he or she requires of a test failure and can instead focus on the cause of the fault and how it should be fixed. Ad hoc testing and exploratory testing are important methodologies for checking software integrity because they require less preparation time to implement, while

3266-753: The duplicate files to the common SIS store. The file on the volume is replaced with a link to the file. This substitution reduces the amount of storage space required, by as much as 70%. Windows Storage Server 2003 R2 provides an index-based, full-text search based on the indexing engine already built into Windows server. The updated search engine speeds up indexed searches on network shares. This edition also provides filters for searching many standard file formats, such as ZIP archives , AutoCAD models , XML documents , MP3 audio files , PDF documents , and all Microsoft Office file formats. Windows Storage Server 2003 R2 includes built in support for Windows SharePoint Services and Microsoft SharePoint Portal Server, and adds

3337-401: The functionality of software according to the applicable requirements. This level of testing usually requires thorough test cases to be provided to the tester, who then can simply verify that for a given input, the output value (or behavior), either "is" or "is not" the same as the expected value specified in the test case. Test cases are built around specifications and requirements, i.e., what

3408-612: The important bugs can be found quickly. In ad hoc testing, where testing takes place in an improvised impromptu way, the ability of the tester(s) to base testing off documented methods and then improvise variations of those tests can result in a more rigorous examination of defect fixes. However, unless strict documentation of the procedures is maintained, one of the limits of ad hoc testing is lack of repeatability. Grey-box testing (American spelling: gray-box testing) involves using knowledge of internal data structures and algorithms for purposes of designing tests while executing those tests at

3479-560: The improvements are many of the same updates that were provided to Windows XP users with Service Pack 2. Features that are added with Service Pack 1 include: A full list of updates is available in the Microsoft Knowledge Base. Service Pack 2 for Windows Server 2003 was released on March 13, 2007. The release date was originally scheduled for the first half of 2006. On June 13, 2006, Microsoft made an initial test version of Service Pack 2 available to Microsoft Connect users, with

3550-476: The internal structures or workings of a program, as opposed to the functionality exposed to the end-user. In white-box testing, an internal perspective of the system (the source code), as well as programming skills are used to design test cases. The tester chooses inputs to exercise paths through the code and determines the appropriate outputs. This is analogous to testing nodes in a circuit, e.g., in-circuit testing (ICT). While white-box testing can be applied at

3621-508: The next unit. The aim of visual testing is to provide developers with the ability to examine what was happening at the point of software failure by presenting the data in such a way that the developer can easily find the information he or she requires, and the information is expressed clearly. At the core of visual testing is the idea that showing someone a problem (or a test failure), rather than just describing it, greatly increases clarity and understanding. Visual testing, therefore, requires

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3692-479: The products included in the Windows Server System product branding are designed specifically for interaction with Microsoft Office . These include: Microsoft System Center , a set of server products, aims specifically at helping corporate system administrators manage a network of Windows Server and client desktop systems. Windows Server 2003 Windows Server 2003 , codenamed "Whistler Server",

3763-423: The program itself is run. Dynamic testing may begin before the program is 100% complete in order to test particular sections of code and are applied to discrete functions or modules. Typical techniques for these are either using stubs /drivers or execution from a debugger environment. Static testing involves verification , whereas dynamic testing also involves validation . Passive testing means verifying

3834-451: The programmers develop and test software only on the latest version of the target environment, which not all users may be running. This results in the unintended consequence that the latest work may not function on earlier versions of the target environment, or on older hardware that earlier versions of the target environment were capable of using. Sometimes such issues can be fixed by proactively abstracting operating system functionality into

3905-553: The range or data types can be checked for data generated from one unit and tested for validity before being passed into another unit. One option for interface testing is to keep a separate log file of data items being passed, often with a timestamp logged to allow analysis of thousands of cases of data passed between units for days or weeks. Tests can include checking the handling of some extreme data values while other interface variables are passed as normal values. Unusual data values in an interface can help explain unexpected performance in

3976-417: The recording of the entire test process – capturing everything that occurs on the test system in video format. Output videos are supplemented by real-time tester input via picture-in-a-picture webcam and audio commentary from microphones. Visual testing provides a number of advantages. The quality of communication is increased drastically because testers can show the problem (and the events leading up to it) to

4047-594: The remaining 88% being found by human computer programmers . Microsoft employs more than 4,700 programmers who work on Windows, 60% of whom are software testers whose job is to find bugs in Windows source code . Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates stated that Windows Server 2003 was Microsoft's "most rigorously tested software to date." Several improvements and new features have been added to Windows Server 2003. Internet Information Services (IIS) has been upgraded to v6.0. There have also been significant improvements to Message Queuing and to Active Directory , such as

4118-418: The same product, inferences about intended or expected purpose, user or customer expectations, relevant standards, and applicable laws. Software testing is often dynamic in nature; running the software to verify actual output matches expected. It can also be static in nature; reviewing code and its associated documentation . Software testing is often used to answer the question: Does the software do what it

4189-604: The standard and enterprise editions. Windows Small Business Server (SBS) is a software suite which includes Windows Server and additional technologies aimed at providing a small business with a complete technology solution. The Standard edition of SBS includes Microsoft Remote Web Workplace , Windows SharePoint Services , Microsoft Exchange Server , Fax Server, Active Directory , a basic firewall , DHCP server and network address translation capabilities. The Premium edition of SBS adds Microsoft SQL Server 2000 and Microsoft ISA Server 2004. SBS has its own type of CAL that

4260-497: The storage capacity is available to all users. Windows Storage Server 2003 can use RAID arrays to provide data redundancy , fault-tolerance and high performance. Multiple such NAS servers can be clustered to appear as a single device, which allows responsibility for serving clients to be shared in such a way that if one server fails then other servers can take over (often termed a failover ) which also improves fault-tolerance. Windows Storage Server 2003 can also be used to create

4331-496: The system under test. This distinction is particularly important when conducting integration testing between two modules of code written by two different developers, where only the interfaces are exposed for the test. By knowing the underlying concepts of how the software works, the tester makes better-informed testing choices while testing the software from outside. Typically, a grey-box tester will be permitted to set up an isolated testing environment with activities, such as seeding

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4402-423: The system's behavior without any interaction with the software product. Contrary to active testing, testers do not provide any test data but look at system logs and traces. They mine for patterns and specific behavior in order to make some kind of decisions. This is related to offline runtime verification and log analysis . The type of testing strategy to be performed depends on whether the tests to be applied to

4473-471: The unit level. Component interface testing Component interface testing is a variation of black-box testing , with the focus on the data values beyond just the related actions of a subsystem component. The practice of component interface testing can be used to check the handling of data passed between various units, or subsystem components, beyond full integration testing between those units. The data being passed can be considered as "message packets" and

4544-424: The user, or black-box level. The tester will often have access to both "the source code and the executable binary." Grey-box testing may also include reverse engineering (using dynamic code analysis) to determine, for instance, boundary values or error messages. Manipulating input data and formatting output do not qualify as grey-box, as the input and output are clearly outside of the "black box" that we are calling

4615-749: The work. Compute Cluster Server has a built-in Message Passing Interface , the Microsoft Messaging Passing Interface v2 (MS-MPI) which is used to communicate between the processing nodes on the cluster network. Alternative MPI Stacks can also be used with the OS. It ties nodes together with a powerful inter-process communication mechanism which can be complex because of communications between hundreds or even thousands of processors working in parallel. The application programming interface consists of over 160 functions. A job launcher enables users to execute jobs to be executed in

4686-491: The works-in-progress Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 1 (3790.1232) codebase. Windows Server 2003 was the first Microsoft Windows version which was thoroughly subjected to semi-automated testing for bugs with a software system called PREfast developed by computer scientist Amitabh Srivastava at Microsoft Research . The automated bug checking system was first tested on Windows 2000 but not thoroughly. Amitabh Srivastava's PREfast found 12% of Windows Server 2003's bugs,

4757-429: The x64 and Itanium architectures. With Service Pack 2 installed, the x64 and Itanium variants are capable of addressing up to 1 TB and 2 TB of RAM, respectively. This edition also supports Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA). It also provides the ability to hot-add supported hardware. Windows Server 2003 Enterprise is also the required edition to issue custom certificate templates. Windows Server 2003 Datacenter

4828-511: The x64 variant is capable of addressing up to 32 GB of RAM and also supports Non-Uniform Memory Access . Windows Server 2003 Enterprise is aimed towards medium to large businesses. It is a full-function server operating system that supports up to 8 physical processors and provides enterprise-class features such as eight-node clustering using Microsoft Cluster Server (MSCS) software and support for up to 64 GB of RAM through PAE . Enterprise Edition also comes in specialized variants for

4899-453: Was for building firewall, VPN caching servers and similar appliances. Variants were available with "Server Appliance Software" and with "Microsoft Internet Security and Acceleration Server" Availability of the original version ended May 28, 2003. Availability of R2 ended March 5, 2006. End of extended support was July 14, 2015 (all variants except Storage Server ), and End of Licence was May 28, 2018 (R2 and original). The End of Licence date

4970-430: Was previously available as an out-of-band update for Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 1. Windows Server 2003 R2 is an updated release of Windows Server 2003. It was released to manufacturing on December 6, 2005 for IA-32 and x64 platforms, but not for IA-64 . It was succeeded by Windows Server 2008 . New features of Windows Server 2003 R2 include: Windows Server 2003 R2 was distributed in two CDs , one containing

5041-490: Was released to manufacturing on December 6, 2005. Windows Server 2003 is based on Windows XP . Windows Server 2003's kernel has also been used in Windows XP 64-bit Edition and Windows XP Professional x64 Edition , and was the starting point for the development of Windows Vista . Windows Server 2003 is the final version of Windows Server that supports processors without ACPI . Its successor, Windows Server 2008 , requires

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