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51-557: Designed by the then chief engineer of the Rhaetian Railway , Henning Friedrich, it was built between 1906 and 1909 by the contractor G. Marasi (Westermann & Cie, Zürich) under the supervision of P. Salaz and Hans Studer (RhB). The Rhaetian Railway still owns and uses it today for regular service. An important element of the Davos–Filisur railway , the viaduct is 88.9 metres (292 ft) high and 210 metres (690 ft) long; it has

102-620: A dual system station, as the Bernina Railway operates on 1,000 V DC . Track 3 at Pontresina station has a switchable catenary, and is used for trains, such as the Heidi Express , operating through the station and needing to change from one of the two electification systems to the other. Between Samedan and Bever, the Engadin line shares its track with the Albula Railway. With the opening of

153-660: A horizontal distance of 5 km (3.1 mi), without using rack-and-pinion , but with many spirals. Then the line enters the Albula Tunnel at 1,815 metres under the Albula Pass . It emerges in the Val Bever, where it reaches Bever (1,708 m [5,604 ft]) on the Engadin plain. The line continues toward Samedan (1,721 m [5,646 ft]) and arrives at St. Moritz (1,775 m [5,823 ft]). In 2009 it

204-515: A hotel in Davos. He proposed a railway line from Landquart to Davos in 1888. Holsboer founded the Landquart-Davos AG to begin construction of a standard-gauge line, but the mountainous terrain lacked sufficient space. On 29 June 1888, a ground-breaking ceremony took place for a narrow-gauge railway instead. By 1890, the railway line served Davos. In 1895, Holsboer changed his company's name to

255-532: A limited freight traffic continued until 2003. The private association (SEFT, Società Esercizio Ferroviario Turistico) operated it as a heritage railway for tourists over 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) of the original 31 kilometres (19 mi) of line until part of the concession was withdrawn in 2013 to allow road construction. The road construction had been started in July 2014. For commuter services Rhaetian Railway ABe 4/16 electric multiple units are used. Apart from

306-466: A main span of 55 metres (180 ft). The Wiesen Viaduct forms part of the Davos–Filisur railway section between Wiesen and Filisur . Just 300 metres (980 ft) southwest of Wiesen railway station, it has, on its south side, a separate pedestrian bridge giving hikers access to Filisur . At the western end of the viaduct is a non functioning Hippsche turning wheel . The Wiesen Viaduct structure

357-469: A number of passing loops along the route: at all stations with the exception of Chur Stadt (and formerly Sassal), as well as at Chur Sand depot and at Haspelgrube near Arosa. The maximum incline is 6% but there is no rack-and-pinion used. A short section of the line runs along the streets of Chur and is known as the Chur stadtbahn ('town railway'). In Chur, the line starts on Bahnhofplatz, in front of

408-440: Is August during which time Thusis receives an average of 112 mm (4.4 in) of precipitation. During this month there is precipitation for an average of 10.7 days. The month with the most days of precipitation is June, with an average of 10.7, but with only 97 mm (3.8 in) of precipitation. The driest month of the year is February with an average of 42 mm (1.7 in) of precipitation over 10.7 days. Located

459-521: Is a municipality in the Viamala Region in the Swiss canton of Graubünden . On 1 January 2018 the former municipality of Mutten merged into the municipality of Thusis. Thusis is first mentioned in 1156 as Tosana . The town was devastated by more than 10 fires and after the one of 1845, it had to be rebuilt. Thusis has an area, as of 2006 , of 6.8 km (2.6 sq mi). Of this area, 18%

510-656: Is a Swiss transport company that owns the largest network of all private railway operators in Switzerland . Headquartered in Chur , the RhB operates all the railway lines of the Swiss canton of Grisons , except for the line from Sargans to the cantonal capital, Chur, which are operated by Swiss Federal Railways (SBB CFF FFS), as well as the line from Disentis/Mustér to the Oberalp Pass and further on to Andermatt , Uri , which

561-462: Is often abbreviated as "ChA" (Chur-Arosa). Work began in 1912 on the route and the line opened on 12 December 1914. The railway leads up from Chur to Arosa (a total climb of 1,155 m or 3,789 ft) via a number of tunnels, bridges and other structures, including the Langwieser Viaduct - a structure of national importance. In 1942 the line became part of the RhB company and network; however

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612-776: Is operated by Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn (MGB). Inaugurated in 1888 and expanded from 1896 onwards in various sections, the RhB network is located almost entirely within Grisons, with one station across the Italian border at Tirano . The Rhaetian Railway serves a number of major tourist destinations, such as St. Moritz and Davos . One of the RhB lines, the Bernina Railway , crosses the Bernina Pass at 2,254 metres (7,395 ft) above sea level and runs down to Tirano, Lombardy in Italy. In 2008,

663-564: Is predominant. Only 5% speak the local Romansh . The germanization is assumed to have begun in the 15th century, with people from the southern parts of Germany and the Wallis . As of 2000 , the gender distribution of the population was 50.4% male and 49.6% female. The age distribution, as of 2000 , in Thusis is; 304 people or 11.2% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old. 142 people or 5.2% are 10 to 14, and 141 people or 5.2% are 15 to 19. Of

714-717: Is technically very interesting, not only due to its famous Wiesen Viaduct . The Davos–Filisur line is 19 km (12 mi) long, runs through 14 tunnels extending a total of 4,200 m (13,780 ft) in length, and crosses 28 bridges. It was electrified in 1919. Starting in the Rhine valley, the Landquart-Thusis line runs more or less parallel with the Swiss Federal Railways ' Sargans - Landquart - Chur standard gauge line as far as Chur (elevation 585 m or 1,919 ft). The line to Thusis then simply follows

765-564: Is used for agricultural purposes, while 58.2% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 15.2% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (8.6%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains). The municipality is the capital of the Thusis sub-district, of the Hinterrhein district, after 2017 it was part of the Viamala Region. It is the center of the Hinterrhein valley and is located at

816-541: The Swiss Reformed Church . Of the rest of the population, there are 134 individuals (or about 4.93% of the population) who belong to the Orthodox Church, and there are 46 individuals (or about 1.69% of the population) who belong to another Christian church. There are less than 5 individuals who are Jewish , and 96 (or about 3.53% of the population) who are Islamic . There are 64 individuals (or about 2.36% of

867-478: The Landwasser Viaduct before arriving at Filisur (1,032 m [3,386 ft]). Shortly after Filisur the line passes its first spiral tunnel then continues to Bergün/Bravuogn (1,373 m [4,505 ft]). Between Bergün/Bravuogn and Preda (1,789 m [5,869 ft]), at the end of the valley, the line has to achieve a difference in height of about 400 m (1,300 ft) within

918-697: The Vereina Tunnel and line in November 1999, the Engadin line, at both Lavin ( Sagliains car shuttle train station) and Susch (Sasslatsch II car shuttle train station), acquired a direct connection to the Prättigau at Klosters , on the Landquart–Davos line. This line begins at St.Moritz and runs towards Pontresina (elevation 1,774 m [5,820 ft]) in Val Bernina. It ascends progressively through

969-524: The confluence of the Hinterrhein and Nolla rivers. Thusis is also at the end of the Viamala canyon. It consists of the village of Thusis and, since 1875, includes Übernolla. Thusis has a population (as of 31 December 2020) of 9,453. As of 2008 , 23.6% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years the population has grown at a rate of 0.7%. In the town, the Swiss German dialect

1020-464: The primary economic sector and about 5 businesses involved in this sector. 525 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 36 businesses in this sector. 1,325 people are employed in the tertiary sector , with 190 businesses in this sector. The historical population is given in the following table: In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 31.4% of

1071-654: The 5.864-kilometre (3.644 mi) Albula Tunnel ) and 383 bridges. The maximum gradient is 7% on the Bernina railway , 6% on the Chur–Arosa line and 4.5% on Landquart–Davos line. In 2022, to celebrate the 175th anniversary of Switzerland's first railway, the Rhaetische Bahn, supported by Swiss train-builder Stadler, came together to run the world's longest-ever passenger train, composed of 100 cars stretching almost two kilometres long. Current passenger services as operated by

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1122-599: The Cavadürli loop tunnel. It continues to climb through dense larch and other coniferous forests to the Davos Laret . The highest point on the line is the next stop, Davos Wolfgang at 1,625 m (5,331 ft). Then the line leads back down and along Lake Davos to Davos Dorf , and the terminus at Davos Platz . The connecting line from Davos Platz to the Albula Railway at Filisur passes through wild gorges, and

1173-591: The RhB (2016): In 2002 the annual traffic carried by the RhB was 300 million passenger-kilometres and 54 million tonne-kilometres of freight. 80% of the passenger income comes from tourist traffic, although 40% of passengers are local commuters. Landquart railway station in Graubünden is the starting point of the Rhaetian Railway, historically as part of the Landquart-Davos line, operationally as

1224-501: The RhB section from the Albula / Bernina area (the part from Thusis to Tirano , including St. Moritz ) was added to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites . The Albula-Bernina line is the first rail line in the world to be photographed and put on Google Street View . The line also operates several historic trains on the network. The establishment of the Rhaetian Railway traces back to Dutch Willem Jan Holsboer , who owned

1275-620: The Rhaetian Railway ( Rhätische Bahn ) to reflect his plans for network expansion. By 1896 the lines Chur–Landquart and Chur–Thusis were operated. In 1897, a referendum was held for the Rhaetian Railway to bid on operations of the Graubünden/Grisons State Railways. This was followed by the Albula line in 1903 and the series of expansion projects carried on until 1922. In 1903 the Album line reached Celerina , and in 1904 also St.Moritz

1326-501: The Rhaetian Railway was used as the prototype for the Nord Express in the 20th Century Fox animated motion picture Anastasia . Not only was the Rhaetian Railway featured in the film, but several landmarks were also included: the Landwasser Viaduct and a 1912 Mittelthurgau-Bahn Ec 3/5 Class 2-6-2 tank locomotive No. 3 with an added tender. This 1912 locomotive was portrayed as a Russian continental steam locomotive (fictional). It

1377-528: The adult population, 354 people or 13.0% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 460 people or 16.9% are 30 to 39, 402 people or 14.8% are 40 to 49, and 333 people or 12.3% are 50 to 59. The senior population distribution is 255 people or 9.4% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 195 people or 7.2% are 70 to 79, there are 104 people or 3.8% who are 80 to 89, and there are 27 people or 1.0% who are 90 to 99. Thusis has an unemployment rate of 1.65%. As of 2005 , there were 15 people employed in

1428-506: The centerpiece of the Klosters bypass road. Just south of Klosters Platz, the tracks cross the river the last time and come to two tunnels. One of these is for the Vereina line (see below). The other, the Klosters loop tunnel , takes the Davos line through a 90-degree loop towards the west. The line to Davos begins to climb at 4.5% gradient and then loops 180 degrees back towards the east, inside

1479-402: The company's main workshop, and topologically as the 0 kilometre point of the company's core network. The Landquart-Davos line is the oldest in the Rhaetian Railway network. After leaving Landquart, the line to Davos generally follows the river Landquart upstream as far as Klosters Platz . Along the way, it crosses the river three times and passes by the award-winning Sunniberg Bridge ,

1530-631: The course of the Rhine to Bonaduz (655 m or 2,149 ft). From there, it enters the Domleschg Valley and follows the Posterior Rhine from Rhäzüns (658 m or 2,159 ft) to Thusis (697 m or 2,287 ft). This line begins in Thusis (elevation 697 m [2,287 ft]). It continues toward Tiefencastel (851 m [2,792 ft]) following the Albula and then crosses

1581-491: The existing tunnel, or the construction of a new bore to modern standards. As a result of this inquiry, RhB decided to build a new tunnel. Construction began in 2015, with the new tunnel opening in 2022 and the project completed including refurbishment of the old tunnel in 2023. The Reichenau to Disentis/Mustér line links the rest of the Rhaetian Railway network with the Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn . It branches from

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1632-413: The line ran on a separate electric system to the remainder of the network until 1997. Before then it was 2400 V DC - now it is 11 kV 16.7 Hz AC . The gauge has always been 1,000 mm ( 3 ft  3 + 3 ⁄ 8  in ) as per the rest of the RhB network. It is a single track railway, with the exception of a short double track section along Engadinstrasse in Chur, with

1683-536: The line reaches Cavaglia (1,693 m [5,554 ft]) above Val Poschiavo ; after that, the line descends across the valley towards the Swiss Italian -speaking town of Poschiavo (1,014 m [3,327 ft]). After Poschiavo, the line runs next to Lago Poschiavo and calls at Le Prese (964 m [3,163 ft]) and Miralago (965 m [3,166 ft]). The descent continues towards Brusio (780 m [2,560 ft]), after which

1734-496: The line runs across the famous spiral bridge, Brusio Viaduct . After the spiral bridge, the line passes through the Swiss border town of Campocologno (553 m [1,814 ft]) before entering Italy at Tirano RhB station (430 m [1,410 ft]). The 25.68-kilometre (15.96 mi) railway line from Chur to Arosa is known as the Arosabahn (or Arosa-Bahn ), and

1785-417: The line to Thusis behind the shared Rhine bridge. The line, which was opened progressively between 1903 and 1912, has been electrified since 1922. In contrast with the accompanying road, which rises about 500 m (1,600 ft) towards Flims and Laax , the railway to Disentis/Mustér runs slowly up the narrow " Ruinaulta gorge ". On this part of the line, its associated engineering structures dominate

1836-510: The line to serve industry in the Vorderrhein area and supplied cement for the construction of the normal gauge Gotthard Base Tunnel with train IDs starting with 5. Usually three pairs of trains serve Disentis/Mustér with a Ge 6/6 II and a few additional trains go only to Ilanz with a Ge 4/4 II. This line, which runs up the Engadin valley, was constructed in two stages. The Samedan–Pontresina section

1887-458: The line's summit at 2,253 m (7,392 ft) above sea and holds the title of the highest point of the entire Rhetian Railway network and among all adhesion railways in Europe. Alp Grüm (2,091 m [6,860 ft]) is the first station to the immediate south of the summit. It is situated above Lago Palü and right below Piz Palü and Palü Glacier . After negotiating many hairpin turns ,

1938-558: The main railway station, where that station's platforms for the Arosabahn are, though there is a second stop in Chur only 760 m (2,490 ft) from the main station. A 5 km (3.1 mi) tunnel through the Mittenberg had been planned as an alternative route for the lower section of the line, avoiding running through the centre of Chur. This plan was finally dropped in 1996 as the considerable expense could not be justified. Currently

1989-664: The normal passenger coaches and the panoramic coaches used for the branded Bernina Express tourist services, the railway attaches to the back of trains, according to need: The RhB is 51.3% owned by the Cantonal government of Graubünden, 43.1% by the Swiss Confederation, 4.6% by private shareholders and 1% by a collection of local communities. The RhB has its headquarters at Bahnhofstrasse 25, Chur . 46°51′06″N 9°31′57″E  /  46.8517°N 9.5325°E  / 46.8517; 9.5325  ( RhB HQ ) In 1997,

2040-489: The otherwise pristine natural landscape. At Ilanz , the railway line and road merge paths once again. Their combined pathways then rise slowly and evenly to Disentis/Mustér. The main traffic on the Reichenau–Disentis/Mustér line is RegioExpress passenger trains operating at hourly intervals. Several times a day, there are Glacier Express trains in each direction. Timetabled goods trains also operate on

2091-603: The population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), 101 (or about 3.72% of the population) belong to no church, are agnostic or atheist , and 95 individuals (or about 3.50% of the population) did not answer the question. Most of the population (as of 2000 ) speaks German (the local Swiss German dialect is known as Thusnerdeutsch ) (77.7%), with Serbo-Croatian being second most common ( 5.2%) and Italian being third ( 4.7%). Thusis has an average of 101.6 days of rain per year and on average receives 892 mm (35.1 in) of precipitation . The wettest month

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2142-423: The train service (Regio) R4 provides the passenger service on the line and is shown as timetable 930 in the Swiss national timetables. It is well used by tourists coming to and from the resort at Arosa. The line also carries a substantial amount of freight. This line is not connected to the others. It opened in 1907 and was owned by the Rhaetian Railway between 1942 and 2003. Passenger services ceased in 1972, but

2193-595: The valley to the Bernina Pass over the Morteratsch station (1,896 m [6,220 ft]) (with the Morteratsch Glacier and Piz Bernina , the highest summit of the Eastern Alps , in sight). After Morteratsch, the line runs towards Bernina Diavolezza (2,093 m [6,867 ft]), where an aerial tramway leads to Diavolezza , and Ospizio Bernina station. This station, next to Lago Bianco , stands at

2244-545: The vote. The next three most popular parties were the SPS (27.2%), the FDP (24.8%) and the CVP (15.1%). In Thusis about 63.5% of the population (between age 25–64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule ). From the 2000 census , 1,085 or 39.9% are Roman Catholic , while 1,096 or 40.3% belonged to

2295-634: The west of the main span are two arches, each 20 metres (66 ft) long. East of the main span are four more arches, each of them also 20 metres (66 ft) long. These technical characteristics combine to make the Wiesen Viaduct the Rhaetian Railway's largest stone and second largest bridge. Rhaetian Railway 46°24′32″N 10°1′11″E  /  46.40889°N 10.01972°E  / 46.40889; 10.01972 The Rhaetian Railway ( German : Rhätische Bahn ; Italian : Ferrovia retica ; Romansh : Viafier retica ), abbreviated RhB ,

2346-450: Was able to be served. During the years 1907 to 1910, the Rhaetian Railway, in collaboration with the federal and cantonal governments, undertook a large-scale expansion of its network. All RhB lines are 1,000 mm ( 3 ft  3 + 3 ⁄ 8  in ) metre gauge wide and electrified: The network contains 84 tunnels (the longest being the 19.042-kilometre (11.832 mi) Vereina Tunnel , opened on 19 November 1999, and

2397-402: Was announced that an examination of the Albula Tunnel conducted in 2006 had found major degradation of the tunnel, with over 60% of the lining in need of replacement. Furthermore, the bores are small by modern standards, and cabling, signalling and drainage all need replacement. As a result, it was announced that an inquiry would decide between two options for action: a comprehensive renewal of

2448-472: Was constructed by the Graubünden carpenter Richard Coray . In 1926, the viaduct was the inspiration for Ernst Ludwig Kirchner 's painting Brücke bei Wiesen . The Wiesen Viaduct is 88.9 metres (292 ft) high and 210 metres (690 ft) long. Its main span is only 3.7 metres (12 ft) wide, but also 55 metres (180 ft) long, which makes it one of the longest main spans of any masonry bridge. To

2499-524: Was designed by the then Chief Engineer of the Rhaetian Railway, Henning Friedrich. Construction began in October 1906, under the direction of another engineer, Hans Studer. With the launch of the Davos–Filisur railway in July 1909, the viaduct came into operation. It cost a total of 324,000 Swiss francs to build. The falsework used for the building of the viaduct was designed by G. Marasi, swallowed up around 500 cubic metres (18,000 cu ft) of wood, and

2550-633: Was modified with the smoke deflectors and the smoke-box door from a Danish State Railways Class R 963. The locomotive's fictitious number being used in the movie was 2747, as this was a reference to the address of the Fox Animation Studios on East Camelback Road in Phoenix, Arizona . The Landwasser Viaduct was portrayed as a tall, 4-storey viaduct in Poland as a type of Roman aqueducts . Thusis Thusis ( Italian : Tosana , Romansh : Tusàn )

2601-483: Was opened on by the Rhaetian Railway on 1 July 1908, simultaneously with the Pontresina– Morteratsch section, which formed part of the then-independent Bernina Railway. The actual Engadine line , between Bever and Scuol-Tarasp , was opened on 1 July 1913, and was the first Rhaetian Railway line to be electrified from the start at 11 kV 16⅔ Hz AC . Since the opening of the Engadin line, Pontresina has been

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