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22-631: The choir was founded by August Schmidt , on 6 October 1843 in the inn "Zum goldenen Löwen" ("The Golden Lion"). He was a journalist and founder of the Allgemeine Wiener Musik-Zeitung . The choir's first concert took place on 17 December of that year. The first concert tour was to Würzburg in 1845, further tours in Europe followed. In 1849 the first annual concert with the Vienna Philharmonic took place. From 1872, concerts were held in

44-540: A banner designed by Theophil Hansen , a gift from Emperor Franz Joseph I in 1861. Items from the collection are sometimes loaned to exhibitions for special occasions. Tours of the museum can be made on request. The following are among the musical directors of the choir: August Schmidt (journalist) August Schmidt (9 September 1808 – 13 October 1891) was an Austrian music writer , journalist, association organizer and musician. Born in Vienna, August Schmidt, son of

66-416: A piece of polyphonic music. The term is used for any kind of song in contemporary German and Dutch, but among English and French speakers, lied is often used interchangeably with " art song " to encompass works that the tradition has inspired in other languages as well. The poems that have been made into lieder often center on pastoral themes or themes of romantic love. The earliest Lieder date from

88-456: A single narrative or theme, such as Schubert's Die schöne Müllerin and Winterreise , or Robert Schumann 's Frauen-Liebe und Leben and Dichterliebe . Schubert and Schumann are most closely associated with this genre, mainly developed in the Romantic era. Typically, Lieder were for a single singer and piano, with orchestral accompaniment being a later development. The tradition

110-522: The Großer Musikvereinssaal (Great Hall) of the Musikverein , opened in 1870. " The Blue Danube ", originally for men's choir and orchestra, was written by Johann Strauss II for the choir and was first performed on 15 February 1867. Strauss wrote further pieces for the choir, including Wein, Weib und Gesang and Neu Wien . The choir placed stone tablets on Schubert's birthplace and on

132-798: The Süddeutsche Musik-Zeitung from 1852 to 1854 and from 1856 to 1872 music advisor of the Wanderer . Schmidt published, among other things, his music biographical compilation Denksteine in 1848, Geschichte des Wiener Männergesang-Vereins in 1860 and Monographie des Madrigals in 1890. His grave is located at the Vienna Central Cemetery . In 1839 the philosophical faculty of the Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena awarded Schmidt an honorary doctorate (Dr. phil.) in recognition of his services. On 24 February 1840,

154-477: The Wiener Männergesang-Verein (1843) and the mixed choir association Wiener Singakademie (1858). Schmidt, who had been publishing poems, stories and travelogues in newspapers and magazines since 1836, founded the "Allgemeine Wiener Musikzeitung" in 1841, which was influential in the development of Viennese musical life, and he was its publisher and editor until 1847. Afterwards he was correspondent of

176-742: The Monk of Salzburg in both number (about 120 lieder) and quality. From the 15th century come three large song collections compiled in Germany: the Lochamer Liederbuch , the Schedelsches Liederbuch , and the Glogauer Liederbuch . The scholar Konrad Celtis (1459–1508), the Arch-Humanist of German Renaissance, taught his students to compose Latin poems using the metric patterns following

198-698: The choir gave its 1000th public concert; in 1929 the 1500th concert took place, at the Vienna State Opera ; in 1954 it gave its 2000th public concert. In 1975 the choir appeared with the Vienna Philharmonic at the Vienna New Year's Concert . The repertoire extends from the Baroque period to the present day. The focus is on music for men's choir of the Romantic period, the Viennese Biedermeier and

220-560: The earliest German secular polyphony collections such as Johann Ott's Mehrstimmiges Deutsches Liederbuch (1534) and Georg Forster's Frische teutsche Liedlein (about 1540 onwards). According to Chester Lee Alwes, Heinrich Isaac 's popular song Innsbruck, ich muss dich lassen "became the gold standard of the Lied genre". German-speaking composers Joseph Haydn , Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven wrote Lieder for voice and keyboard. The great age of German song came in

242-499: The early fifteenth century, largely displacing the earlier word gesang . The poet and composer Oswald von Wolkenstein is sometimes claimed to be the creator of the lied because of his innovations in combining words and music. The late-fourteenth-century composer known as the Monk of Salzburg wrote six two-part lieder which are older still, but Oswald's songs (about half of which actually borrow their music from other composers) far surpass

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264-497: The first of several trips outside Europe; in 1991 it travelled to the far east for the first time, to Japan, Taiwan and Hong Kong. In 1958 the choir performed at Expo 58 in Brussels with the Vienna Philharmonic, conducted by Herbert von Karajan . A notable event between the two world wars was the 10th German Singers' Festival, organised in 1928 in Vienna by the choir. There were about 9000 choral societies and 140,000 singers. In 1914

286-544: The house where he died, in 1858 and 1869 respectively. In 1862 the choir set up a fund to erect a statue of Franz Schubert in Vienna; the Schubert Monument , created by the sculptor Carl Kundmann , was unveiled in the Stadtpark on 15 May 1872. In 1893, to celebrate 50 years since its founding, the choir performed Helgoland , a cantata written by Anton Bruckner for the occasion. The choir travelled to Egypt in 1905,

308-519: The late fourteenth or early fifteenth centuries, and can even refer to Minnesang from as early as the 12th and 13th centuries. It later came especially to refer to settings of Romantic poetry during the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and into the early twentieth century. Examples include settings by Joseph Haydn , Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart , Ludwig van Beethoven , Franz Schubert , Robert Schumann , Johannes Brahms , Hugo Wolf , Gustav Mahler or Richard Strauss . For German speakers,

330-511: The model of the Horatian odes. These poems were subsequently "set to simple, four-part music, incorporate the shifting accenmal patterns of the French vers mesurée ". The composers of this style included Heinrich Finck , Paul Hofhaimer , and Ludwig Senfl . The style also became imbued into the new German humanist dramas, thus contributing to the development of Protestant hymnody. The style is present in

352-480: The musician as well as civil servant Adam August Schmidt (1777-1847), took the school-leaving examination at the Viennese Bundesgymnasium Wien 8  [ de ] in 1824. Schmidt, who had already received violin lessons from his father at the age of five, was subsequently trained as a singer by Johann Baptist Henneberg and Ludwig Schwarzböck. In 1828 he began his military service, and in 1834 he

374-492: The nineteenth century. With the flowering of German literature , German-speaking composers found more inspiration in poetry. Schubert found a new balance between words and music, a new expression of the sense of the words in and through the music. He wrote over 600 songs, some of them in sequences or song cycles that convey a journey of the soul, not the body. Song cycles (German: Liederzyklus or Liederkreis ) are series of Lieder (generally three or more) tied by

396-480: The same university also awarded Robert Schumann this title. Lied In the Western classical music tradition, Lied ( / l iː d , l iː t / LEED , LEET , German: [liːt] ; pl.   Lieder / ˈ l iː d ər / LEE -dər , German: [ˈliːdɐ] ; lit.   ' song ' ) is a term for setting poetry to classical music to create

418-523: The term "Lied" has a long history ranging from twelfth-century troubadour songs ( Minnesang ) via folk songs ( Volkslieder ) and church hymns ( Kirchenlieder ) to twentieth-century workers' songs ( Arbeiterlieder ) or protest songs ( Kabarettlieder, Protestlieder ). The German word Lied for "song" (cognate with the English dialectal leed ) first came into general use in German during

440-582: The world of opera. There may be piano or orchestral accompaniment, and soloists may take part. The choir has a museum in the Musikverein building. The collection of music manuscripts includes the original manuscripts of compositions by Johann Strauss II, Richard Wagner , Anton Bruckner and others which were dedicated to the choir, in particular the manuscript of Strauss's "The Blue Danube". There are letters and memorabilia relating to various events. There are paintings by Julius Schmid and Christian Attersee , and

462-501: Was continued by Robert Schumann , Johannes Brahms , and Hugo Wolf in the latter half of the 19th century. Gustav Mahler , Hans Pfitzner , Max Reger , Richard Strauss , Alexander Zemlinsky carried the tradition of the Lied into the 20th century. Arnold Schoenberg , Alban Berg , Anton Webern , and Ernst Krenek wrote tonal, atonal , and twelve-tone Lieder . Somewhat later, Paul Dessau and Hanns Eisler wrote Lieder of

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484-401: Was transferred to the national debt register in the position of a cash officer. After he had been promoted there, he retired in 1870. The active musician and composer of Liedern , Waltzs and concert pieces for violin made a name for himself as a music writer, journalist and organiser of associations. August Schmidt played a leading role in the founding of the Vienna Philharmonic . (1842), of

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