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29-649: In 1986, the Widmer Brothers introduced their " Hefeweizen " beer – an American variant on a traditional Hefeweizen, which is usually characterized by distinctive yeast flavors. Instead, the Widmer brew was an unfiltered version of their existing wheat beer (Weizenbier), and used Cascade hops . Subsequently, both this style of "American Hefeweizen" and the custom of serving wheat beer with a slice of lemon have both spread widely. In November 2007, Redhook Ale Brewery and Widmer Brothers officially announced plans to merge, forming

58-553: A much higher alcohol content than their lighter cousins. The four largest brands in Germany are Erdinger , Paulaner , Franziskaner , and Maisel . Other renowned brands are Augustiner , Weihenstephaner , Schneider (a bronze-coloured specialty), and Andechser . Regional brands in Bavaria are Hopf, Unertl, Ayinger , Schweiger and Plank. Aventinus is an example of Weizen Doppelbock , stronger and darker version of Weizenbock, made by

87-523: A new company called Craft Brewers Alliance, which was later renamed as Craft Brew Alliance in 2012. The merged company retained both the Redhook and Widmer brands. The two had already been working closely for several years through a licensing agreement whereby Redhook brewed and distributed Widmer beers on the East Coast . Anheuser-Busch held a minority stake of approximately 32% in the company until they sold

116-555: A slice of lemon or orange in the glass. This is not traditional in Bavaria, and is generally frowned upon there. The modern American custom appears to have originated in Portland, Oregon , in the mid-1980s, where the Dublin Pub served Widmer Brothers Brewery 's Weizenbier with a slice of lemon, to accentuate the citrus flavor of the Cascade hops . In northern Bavaria, a grain of rice commonly

145-461: A special privilege to brew and sell wheat beer. By law, Weißbiers brewed in Germany must use a "top-fermenting" yeast . Specialized strains of yeast are used which produce overtones of banana and clove as by-products of fermentation . Historically, Bavarian Weißbier was either brewed with a large share of wheat malt (which was a ducal privilege in Bavaria) or from air-dried pale barley malt only (which

174-492: Is added to Kristallweizen, which causes a gentle bubbling effect and results in a longer-lasting foam. A common item on pub menus in Bavaria is cola-weizen , which is a mix of cola and Weizenbier. Another mixture popular during the summer is a radler variant with a 50–50 mix of Weißbier with lemonade named after cyclists. Weißbiers feature fermentation by-products such as esters (which lend fruity flavors and aromas), especially isoamyl acetate , reminiscent of bananas, and

203-478: Is also made with wheat and barley, but differs from nearly all beers in the use of wild yeast for spontaneous fermentation . A variation on the barley wine style involves adding a large quantity of wheat to the mash bill, resulting in what is referred to as wheat wine. This style originated in the United States in the 1980s. Wheat beers vary in name according to where they are brewed and small variations in

232-730: Is also significant in terms of linguistics because it is not written in the East German Saxon, but in Bavarian Upper German. William was a significant collector and commissioner of art. Among other works he commissioned an important suite of paintings from various artists, including the Battle of Issus by Albrecht Altdorfer . This, like most of William's collection, is now housed in the Alte Pinakothek in Munich. With his order to expand

261-424: Is particularly noted for its low hop bitterness (about 15 IBUs ) and relatively high carbonation (approaching four volumes), considered important to balance the beer's relatively malty sweetness. Another balancing flavor note unique to Hefeweizen beer is its phenolic character; its signature phenol is 4-vinyl guaiacol , a metabolite of ferulic acid , the result of fermentation by top-fermenting yeast appropriate for

290-591: The G. Schneider & Sohn brewery in Kelheim . British brewers producing cask-conditioned varieties include Oakleaf Eichenblatt Bitte, Hoskins White Dolphin, Fyfe Weiss Squad and Oakham White Dwarf. Witbier , white beer, bière blanche , or simply witte is a barley/wheat, top-fermented beer brewed mainly in Belgium and the Netherlands . It gets its name due to suspended yeast and wheat proteins, which cause

319-529: The Neuveste with the so-called Rundstubenbau and to set up the first Court Garden began the history of the Munich Residenz as a representative palace. To the history cycle of the garden pavilion belonged Albrecht Altdorfer's painting. In 1546, he and his son Albert V ordered the construction of Dachau Palace from a Gothic ruin into a Renaissance style four-winged palace with a court garden which later became

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348-615: The Schmalkaldic League in 1546, but however did not succeed in preserving the Palatine electoral dignity . William's chancellor for 35 years was the forceful Leonhard von Eck . On 23 April 1516, before a committee consisting of gentry and knights in Ingolstadt , William issued his famous purity regulation for the brewing of Bavarian Beer, stating that only barley, hops, and water could be used. This regulation remained in force until it

377-474: The phenolic compound guaiacol , a metabolite of ferulic acid , which smells and tastes like cloves . Other phenolics sometimes found in Weißbiers evoke medicinal or smoky sensations. The bittering level of most Weißbiers is close to 15 international bitterness units , a very low level. Hop flavor and aroma are typically low. The ester and phenolic aspects are produced by the special type of yeast, rather than

406-579: The amount of malted barley . The two main varieties are German Weizenbier and Belgian witbier ; other types include Lambic (made with wild yeast), Berliner Weisse (a cloudy, sour beer), and Gose (a sour, salty beer). Weißbier (German – "white beer") uses at least 52% wheat to barley malt to make a light-coloured top-fermenting beer. Witbier (Dutch – "white beer") uses flavorings such as coriander and orange peel. Belgian white beers are often made with raw unmalted wheat. German Weißbier and Belgian witbier are termed "white beers" because "wheat" has

435-445: The beer to look hazy, or white, when cold. Today, along with hops it usually contains a blend of spices, such as coriander , orange , and bitter orange . As early as the 16th and 17th century, the white beers of Hoegaarden and Leuven were renowned. Along with barley malt and unmalted barley it contained some oats, though apart from hops no other spices were used. The barley was usually not kilned but left to dry on attics where

464-410: The high fraction of wheat in the grain bill. The carbonation level can range from 5.5 g/L (about 2.7 volumes; slightly higher than that of most other German beers) to 7 g/L, or more. This produces a generous stand of foam, especially with the high protein content of wheat malt. William IV, Duke of Bavaria William IV ( German : Wilhelm IV ; 13 November 1493 – 7 March 1550)

493-486: The pale air-dried malt, as opposed to "brown beer" made from dark malt dried over a hot kiln), is a beer, traditionally from Bavaria , in which a significant proportion of malted barley is replaced with malted wheat . Wheat beer was introduced in Bavaria in the 15th century from neighbouring Bohemia . Because of reinheitsgebot only beer made from barley was allowed to be brewed in Bavaria up until 1548, when William IV, Duke of Bavaria , gave Baron Hans VI von Degenberg

522-631: The past than today. Also, the suspended yeast in the beer causes some continuing fermentation in the bottle. A minor variety of wheat beer is represented by Berliner Weiße (Berlin White), which is low in alcohol (2.5% to 3% ABV) and intentionally tart. Sweetened syrups of lemon, raspberry, or woodruff herb are often added before drinking. Leipziger Gose is similar to Berliner Weiße, but slightly stronger at around 4% ABV. Its ingredients include coriander and salt, which are unusual for German beers, but are traditional for that style of beer. Belgian lambic

551-884: The promulgation of Martin Luther 's works. After an agreement with Pope Clement VII in 1524 William became a political leader of the German Counter-Reformation , although he remained in opposition to the Habsburgs since his brother Louis X claimed the Bohemian crown. Both dukes also suppressed the peasant uprising in South Germany in an alliance with the archbishop of Salzburg in 1525. The conflict with Habsburg ended in 1534 when both dukes reached an agreement with Ferdinand I in Linz . William then supported Charles V in his war against

580-474: The recipe. Among those used are: Bavarian-style wheat beer is usually served in 500 ml (17 US fl oz), vase-shaped glasses. In Belgium, witbier is usually served in a 250-ml glass; each brewery (Hoegaarden, Dentergems, etc.) has its own shape of glass. Berliner Weiße is often served in a schooner . Kristallweizen (especially in Austria) and American styles of wheat beer are sometimes served with

609-450: The same etymological root as "white" in most West Germanic languages (including English). Other wheat beer styles, such as Berliner Weiße , Gose , and Lambic , are made with a significant proportion of wheat. Weizenbier ( German: [ˈvaɪtsn̩ˌbiːɐ̯] ) or Hefeweizen , in the southern parts of Bavaria usually called Weißbier ( German: [ˈvaɪsbiːɐ̯] ; literally "white beer", referring to

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638-523: The stake to Tilray on 8 August, 2023. On January 22, 2019, Widmer Brothers Brewing closed its taproom in Portland, Oregon's Eliot neighborhood, after 22 years. In April 2021, Widmer Brothers unveiled official beers for two of Portland's professional soccer teams. IPA 'Til I Die was created for the Portland Timbers on the occasion of their 2021 MLS season opening on April 18, 2021. Slide Tackle Hazy IPA

667-581: The style. Hefeweizen' s phenolic character has been described as "clove" and "medicinal" ("Band-aid") but also smoky. Other more typical but less assertive flavour notes produced by Weißbier yeast include "banana" ( amyl acetate ), "bubble gum", and sometimes "vanilla" ( vanillin ). Weißbier is available in a number of other forms, including Dunkelweizen (dark wheat) and Weizenstarkbier (strong wheat beer), commonly referred to as Weizenbock . The dark wheat varieties are made with darker, more highly kilned malts (both wheat and barley). Weizenbocks typically have

696-625: The wind was allowed to blow past it, in order to obtain a light colour. The style was revived by Pierre Celis at the Hoegaarden Brewery in Belgium and the Celis Brewery in the United States and is traditionally made with up to 50% raw wheat rather than wheat malt . It probably was Celis who started adding the various spices. The beers have a somewhat sour taste due to the presence of lactic acid or acetic acid , much more pronounced in

725-463: Was Duke of Bavaria from 1508 to 1550, until 1545 together with his younger brother Louis X, Duke of Bavaria . He was born in Munich to Albert IV and Kunigunde of Austria , a daughter of Emperor Frederick III . Though William's father, Albert IV , had determined the everlasting succession of the firstborn prince in 1506, his younger brother Louis refused a spiritual career with the argument that he

754-484: Was a common drink amongst poor people). It is well known throughout Germany, though better known as Weizen ("Wheat") outside Bavaria. The terms Hefeweizen ("yeast wheat") or Hefeweißbier refer to wheat beer in its traditional, unfiltered form. The term Kristallweizen (crystal wheat), or Kristallweißbier (crystal white beer), refers to a wheat beer that is filtered to remove the yeast and wheat proteins which contribute to its cloudy appearance. The Hefeweizen style

783-656: Was abolished as a binding obligation in 1986 by Paneuropean regulations of the European Union . In 1523 with the appointment of Ludwig Senfl began the rise of the Bavarian State Orchestra . Of particular importance is the Eckbibel Johann Eck wrote on behalf of William, a biblical translation from 1537, which is theologically directly against Luther and therefore belongs to the Catholic correction bibles . It

812-539: Was born before the edict became valid. With support of his mother and the States-General, Louis forced William to accept him as co-regent in 1516. Louis then ruled the districts of Landshut and Straubing , in general in concord with his brother. William initially sympathized with the Reformation but changed his mind as it grew more popular in Bavaria. In 1522 William issued the first Bavarian religion mandate, banning

841-471: Was created for the Portland Thorns and their home opener on April 9, 2021. This is an incomplete listing of Widmer beers, past and present, and their types. 45°32′28″N 122°40′35″W  /  45.541044°N 122.676344°W  / 45.541044; -122.676344 Hefeweizen Wheat beer is a top-fermented beer which is brewed with a large proportion of wheat relative to

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