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21-405: The western swamp turtle or western swamp tortoise ( Pseudemydura umbrina ) is a critically endangered species of freshwater turtle endemic to a small portion of Western Australia . It is the only member of the genus Pseudemydura in the monotypic subfamily Pseudemydurinae . It is the sister taxon to the subfamily Chelodininae . As a consequence of the greatly altered habitat in

42-462: A different level of global extinction risk. Species that are considered to be Critically Endangered are placed within the "Threatened" category. As the IUCN Red List does not consider a species extinct until extensive targeted surveys have been conducted, species that are possibly extinct are still listed as Critically Endangered. IUCN maintains a list of "possibly extinct" and "possibly extinct in

63-418: A faster rate than that of the natural extinction rate. It has largely been credited towards human impacts on climate change and the loss of biodiversity . This is along with natural forces that may create stress on the species or cause an animal population to become extinct. Currently the biggest reason for species extinction is human interaction resulting in habitat loss. Species rely on their habitat for

84-756: A membership of more than 2.5 million people across 116 country partner organizations , including the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds , the Wild Bird Society of Japan , the National Audubon Society , and American Bird Conservancy . BirdLife International has identified 13,000 Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas and is the official International Union for Conservation of Nature 's Red List authority for birds. As of 2015, BirdLife International has established that 1,375 bird species (13% of

105-407: A method to outcompete the native organisms, eventually taking over the habitat. This can lead to either the native species' extinction or causing them to become endangered, which also eventually causes extinction. Plants and animals may also go extinct due to disease. The introduction of a disease into a new habitat can cause it to spread amongst the native species. Due to their lack of familiarity with

126-426: A synonym of Pseudemydura umbrina . Adult males do not exceed a length of 155 mm or a weight of 550 g. Females are smaller, not growing beyond 135 mm in carapace length or a weight of 410 g. Hatchlings have a carapace length of 24–29 mm and weigh between 3.2 and 6.6 g. The colour of the western swamp turtle varies dependent on age and the environment where it is found. Typical colouration for hatchlings

147-599: Is being translocated to a distant location (200 kilometers poleward) expressly because of climate change. Public appreciation and assistance is supported by The Friends of the Western Swamp Tortoise. Critically Endangered The IUCN Red List provides the public with information regarding the conservation status of animal, fungi, and plant species. It divides various species into seven different categories of conservation that are based on habitat range, population size, habitat, threats, etc. Each category represents

168-465: Is grey above with bright cream and black below. The colour of adults varies with differing swamp conditions, and varies from medium yellow-brown in clay swamps to almost black with a maroon tinge in the black coffee-coloured water of sandy swamps. Plastron colour is variable, from yellow to brown or occasionally black; often there are black spots on a yellow background with black edges to the scutes . The legs are short and covered in scale-like scutes and

189-825: The Americas, Asia, Europe and Central Asia, the Middle East and the Pacific. The programmes provide the framework for planning, implementing, monitoring and evaluating conservation work and include the Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas Programme, Marine Programme, Preventing Extinctions Programme, and Flyways Programme. In 2008, the English name of Wild Bird Federation Taiwan was renamed to Chinese Wild Bird Federation in order to comply with BirdLife International's demand, stemming from People's Republic of China 's pressure. Following

210-629: The area in which it occurs near Perth , Western Australia, it exists in small fragmented populations, making the species critically endangered. The accepted description of the species by Friedrich Siebenrock was published in 1901. The first specimen of the western swamp tortoise was collected by Ludwig Preiss in 1839 and sent to Vienna Museum. There it was labelled "New Holland" and was named Pseudemydura umbrina 1901 by Seibenrock. No further specimens were found until 1953. In 1954, Ludwig Glauert named these specimens Emydura inspectata , but in 1958, Ernest Williams of Harvard University showed that to be

231-479: The disease or little resistance, the native species can die off. BirdLife International BirdLife International is a global partnership of non-governmental organizations that strives to conserve birds and their habitats . BirdLife International's priorities include preventing extinction of bird species, identifying and safeguarding important sites for birds, maintaining and restoring key bird habitats, and empowering conservationists worldwide. It has

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252-451: The feet have well-developed claws. The short neck is covered with horny tubercles and on the top of the head is a large single scute. It is the smallest chelid found in Australia. The only other species of freshwater turtle occurring in the southwest of Western Australia is the southwestern snake-necked turtle ( Chelodina oblonga ). It has a neck equal to or longer than its shell, making

273-431: The introduced red fox Vulpes vulpes , changed hydrology due to land-use changes and extraction of groundwater, and reducing rainfall due to climate change. Recovery actions include population monitoring, management of nature reserves, and captive breeding at Perth Zoo and subsequent reintroduction and introduction. This species is notable in conservation history for being the first example of an endangered vertebrate that

294-472: The opportunity to discuss BirdLife International's demands in its General Assembly meeting, BirdLife International Global Council voted to remove CWBF from its partnership program. BirdLife International CEO Patricia Zurita subsequently issued what Reuters described as a "gag order", directing her staff to not comment publicly on the "sadly public statement" from CWBF. "If you receive any queries regarding this matter, please DO NOT offer comment and instead refer

315-531: The organization's removal from BirdLife International in 2020, the English name was changed to Taiwan Wild Bird Federation (TWBF). In December 2019, BirdLife International asked Taiwan's then named Chinese Wild Bird Federation (CWBF), to address the following issues or risk removal from its partnership program: However, BirdLife International stated that even if CWBF were to address all of its demands, it may still be removed from BirdLife International's partnership program. On 7 September 2020, before CWBF had

336-408: The resources needed for their survival. If the habitat becomes destroyed, the population will see a decline in their numbers. Activities that cause loss of habitat include pollution , urbanization , and agriculture . Another reason for plants and animals to become endangered is due to the introduction of invasive species . Invasive species invade and exploit a new habitat for its natural resources as

357-553: The species as listed by the Australian federal and state ( W.A. ) governments is critically endangered. The IUCN Red List assessed the species as Critically Endangered . The 2007 Red List noted the description as in need of updating. A recovery plan was first published in 1994 and has been updated since, the most recent version is dated 2010. Threatening processes include small, fragmented populations occurring in nature reserves that are smaller than an individual's home range, predation by

378-406: The total) are threatened with extinction ( critically endangered , endangered or vulnerable ). BirdLife International publishes a quarterly magazine, BirdLife: The Magazine , which contains recent news and authoritative articles about birds and their conservation, and publishes its official journal Bird Conservation International with Cambridge University Press . BirdLife International

399-734: The two species from south west Western Australia easily distinguishable. The western swamp turtle has been recorded only in scattered localities on the Swan Coastal Plain in Western Australia, from Perth Airport northwards to near Pearce Royal Australian Air Force Base in the Bullsbrook locality (roughly parallel with the Darling Scarp ). Most of this area is now cleared and either urbanised , used for intensive agriculture or mined for clay for brick manufacture. The legal status of

420-491: The wild" species, modelled on categories used by BirdLife International to categorize these taxa . To be defined as Critically Endangered in the Red List, a species must meet any of the following criteria (A–E) ("3G/10Y" signifies three generations or ten years—whichever is longer—over a maximum of 100 years; "MI" signifies Mature Individuals): The current extinction crisis is witnessing extinction rates that are occurring at

441-472: Was founded in 1922 as the International Council for Bird Protection by American ornithologists T. Gilbert Pearson and Jean Theodore Delacour . The group was renamed International Committee for Bird Preservation in 1928, International Council for Bird Preservation in 1960, and BirdLife International in 1993. BirdLife International has nine conservation programmes implemented across Africa,

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