Dan, Duke Wen of Zhou , commonly known as the Duke of Zhou , was a member of the royal family of the early Zhou dynasty who played a major role in consolidating the kingdom established by his elder brother King Wu . He was renowned for acting as a capable and loyal regent for his young nephew King Cheng , and for successfully suppressing the Rebellion of the Three Guards and establishing firm rule of the Zhou dynasty over eastern China. He is also a Chinese culture hero , with the authorship of the I Ching and the Classic of Poetry having traditionally been attributed to him, as well as the establishment of the Rites of Zhou .
16-450: (Redirected from Wen Gong ) Duke Wen may refer to these rulers from ancient China: Duke of Zhou ( fl. 11th century BC) Duke Wen of Qi (died 804 BC) Duke Wen of Chen (died 745 BC) Duke Wen of Qin (died 716 BC) Duke Wen of Jin (697–628 BC) Duke Wen of Eastern Zhou (died 249 BC) See also [ edit ] Marquess Wen (disambiguation) Topics referred to by
32-549: Is attributed to him. The main line of the Duke of Zhou's descendants came from his firstborn son, the State of Lu ruler Bo Qin 's third son Yu ( 魚 ) whose descendants adopted the surname Dongye ( 東野 ). The Duke of Zhou's offspring held the title of Wujing Boshi ( 五經博士 ; Wǔjīng Bóshì). One of the Duke of Zhou's 72 generation descendants family tree was examined and commented on by Song Lian . Duke Huan of Lu 's son through Qingfu ( 慶父 )
48-508: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Duke of Zhou His personal name was Dan ( 旦 ). He was the fourth son of King Wen of Zhou and Queen Tai Si . His eldest brother Bo Yikao predeceased their father (supposedly a victim of cannibalism); the second-eldest defeated the Shang dynasty at the Battle of Muye around 1046 BC, ascending
64-484: The nine tripod cauldrons symbolic of royal authority, while the Duke continued to administer the kingdom from the former capital of Haojing . Once Cheng came of age, according to traditional narrative, the Duke of Zhou dutifully gave up the throne without trouble. The duke's eight sons all received land from the king. The eldest son received Lu ; the second succeeded to his father's fief, Zhou [ zh ] . In later centuries, subsequent emperors considered
80-601: The 13th century CE. The 12th-century BCE Duke of Zhou's third son was the ancestor of the Jiangs. Haojing Hao or Haojing , also called Zongzhou ( 宗周 ), was one of the two settlements comprising the capital of the Western Zhou dynasty (1066–770 BCE), the other being Fēng or Fēngjīng ( 灃京 ). Together they were known as Fenghao and stood on opposite banks of the Feng River ( 沣河 ): with Feng on west bank and Hao on
96-585: The Duke of Zhou a paragon of virtue and honored him with posthumous names . The empress Wu Zetian named her short-lived 8th-century Zhou dynasty (known as Wu Zhou in historiography) after him and called him the Honorable and Virtuous King ( 褒 德 王 , Bāodé Wáng ). In 1008, the Zhenzong Emperor gave the Duke the posthumous title King of Exemplary Culture ( traditional Chinese : 文憲王 ; simplified Chinese : 文宪王 ; pinyin : Wénxiàn Wáng ). He
112-592: The Duke of Zhou had managed to defeat the Three Guards and other rebellions and his armies pushed east, bringing more land under Zhou control. The Duke of Zhou was credited with elaborating the doctrine of the Mandate of Heaven , which countered Shang propaganda that as descendants of the god Shangdi they should be restored to power. According to this doctrine, Shang injustice and decadence had so grossly offended Heaven that Heaven had removed their authority and commanded
128-466: The Duke of Zhou." This was meant as a lamentation of how the governmental ideals of the Duke of Zhou had faded, but was later taken literally. In Chinese legends, if an important thing is going to happen to someone, the Duke of Zhou will let the person know through dreams: hence the Chinese expression "Dreaming of Zhou Gong". Zhou Gong's Explanations of Dreams (Chinese: 周公解夢, pinyin: Zhōu gōng jiěmèng )
144-465: The east bank. Archaeological discoveries indicate that the ruins of Haojing lie next to the Feng River around the north end of Doumen Subdistrict ( 斗门街道 ) in present-day Xi'an , Shaanxi Province . It was the center of government for King Wu of Zhou (r. 1046-1043 BCE). King Wen of Zhou (r. 1099-1056 BCE) moved the Zhou capital eastward from Qíyì ( 岐邑 ) to Fēngjīng; his son King Wu later relocated across
160-549: The eastern part of the kingdom. From then on, although King Cheng was permanently stationed in Chengzhou, Haojing remained the main operations center. At the time of King Zhao of Zhou (r. 996–977 BCE), further reinforcement of the eastern part of the Zhou kingdom took place thus Chéngzhōu became the major center of operations. In King You of Zhou 's reign (r. 781–771 BCE), the Marquess of Shen with support from Quanrong nomads from
176-457: The reluctant Zhou to replace the Shang and restore order. On a more practical level, the Duke of Zhou expanded and codified his brother's system of territorial administration , granting titles to loyal Shang clansmen and even establishing a new capital city at Chengzhou around 1038 BC. Laid out according to exact geomantic principles , Chengzhou was the home of King Cheng, the Shang nobility, and
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#1732869895529192-528: The river to Haojing, next to a certain lake Hao (鎬池). Fēngjīng became the site of the Zhou ancestral shrine and gardens whilst Haojing contained the royal residence and government headquarters. The settlement was also known as Zōngzhōu to indicate its role as the capital of the vassal states. During the reign of King Cheng of Zhou (r. 1042–1021 BCE), the Duke of Zhou built a second settlement at Luoyi , also known as Chengzhou ( 成周 ), in order to reinforce control of
208-412: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Duke Wen . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Duke_Wen&oldid=889592758 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
224-533: The throne as King Wu . King Wu distributed many fiefs to his relatives and followers and Dan charged with securing the former Shang capital region near present-day Luoyang . Only three years after assuming power, King Wu died and left the kingdom to his young son King Cheng . The Duke of Zhou successfully attained the regency and administered the kingdom himself, leading to revolts not only from disgruntled Shang partisans but also from his own relatives, particularly his older brother Guan Shu . Within five years,
240-526: Was also known as the First Sage ( traditional Chinese : 元聖 ; simplified Chinese : 元圣 ; pinyin : Yuán Shèng ). In 2004, Chinese archaeologists reported that they may have found his tomb complex in Qishan County , Shaanxi . Duke of Zhou is also known as the "God of Dreams". The Analects record Confucius saying, "How I have gone downhill! It has been such a long time since I dreamt of
256-562: Was the ancestor of Mencius . He was descended from Duke Yang of the State of Lu 魯煬公 Duke Yang was the son of Bo Qin , who was the son of the Duke of Zhou. The genealogy is found in the Mencius family tree ( 孟子世家大宗世系 ). The Zhikou Jiangs (also romanized as "Chiangs") such as Chiang Kai-shek were descended from Jiang Shijie who during the 17th century moved there from Fenghua District , whose ancestors in turn came to southeastern China's Zhejiang province after moving out of Northern China in
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