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84-775: In 2015 prizemoney was increased from $ 175,000 to $ 250,000 and in 2018 to $ 500,000. In 2018 the race was renamed to the Winx Stakes, in honour of the champion Australian racehorse. † Not held because of outbreak of equine influenza ‡ Dead heat Winx (horse) Winx (foaled 14 September 2011) is a retired champion Australian Thoroughbred racehorse. She won 37 of 43 career starts, including, between May 2015 and her retirement in April 2019, her last 33 races in succession, including 25 Group 1s (a world record), at distances ranging from 1300 metres (roughly 6 + 1 ⁄ 2 furlongs ) to 2200 metres (roughly 11 furlongs). In

168-486: A "drame burlesque" ( Matroco , 1777). Stravinsky called his 1916 one-act chamber opera-ballet Renard ( The Fox ) a "Histoire burlesque chantée et jouée" ( burlesque tale sung and played ) and his 1911 ballet Petrushka a "burlesque in four scenes". A later example is the 1927 burlesque operetta by Ernst Krenek entitled Schwergewicht ( Heavyweight ) (1927). Some orchestral and chamber works have also been designated as burlesques, of which two early examples are

252-484: A better return to racing." On 24 March, Winx won the George Ryder Stakes for the third time, extending her winning streak to 24 – just shy of Black Caviar's Australian record of 25. It was also her seventeenth Group 1 win, breaking the world record she had previously shared with John Henry. In what Bowman called a tactical race, Winx settled near the back of the six-horse field then started to make up ground around

336-566: A budget" by a partnership of Magic Bloodstock Racing (owned by Peter Tighe and his wife Patty), Richard Treweeke and Debbie Kepitis (daughter of famed owner Bob Ingham). The name "Winx" was inspired by her dam's name "Vegas Showgirl", and a memory of Treweeke that in Las Vegas burlesque shows from the 1970s and 1980s, "men in the front row would wink at the exotic dancers". Winx raced in Magic Bloodstock's silks: dark blue with white epaulettes and

420-620: A commanding eight length victory over rival Hartnell . She completed the season with a win in the Queen Elizabeth Stakes and was again named Horse of the Year. For the 2017/18 season, she earned her third Horse of the Year honour after recording seven straight wins, including her third victories in the Cox Plate, Chipping Norton and George Ryder and her second win in the Queen Elizabeth. In

504-457: A half lengths. On 2 April, the filly started odds-on favourite for the A$ 3 million Doncaster Mile at Randwick despite carrying top weight in a fifteen-runner field on unsuitably soft ground . She looked unlikely to obtain a clear run in the straight but broke through in the closing stages to win by two lengths from Happy Clapper. Waller commented, "I'll call her a champion while I can speak. I thought she

588-619: A horse like her." Winx was given some time off, then returned to training in January 2017. Her next start was the Apollo Stakes at Randwick, originally scheduled for 11 February but delayed to 13 February due to extreme heat in the Sydney area. Winx broke poorly, then settled in mid pack behind a fast early pace. She swung out three-wide leaving the far turn, then pulled away in the straight to defeat Hartnell by two lengths. "My only worry going into

672-474: A large white "M", and was trained by Chris Waller . Unlike many elite racehorses, Winx does not have a particularly long stride – her stride was measured at 6.76 metres (22.2 ft) compared to nearly 8.5 metres (28 ft) for Black Caviar and Phar Lap . Rather, her success has been attributed to a "freakish" cadence that allows her to take 14 strides every 5 seconds, compared to 12 for her rivals. "This means she can settle or accelerate at any time during

756-586: A length. Her time of 2:02.94 bettered her own race and course record for 2040m set in 2015. It was her fifteenth Group 1 win, tying her with Black Caviar's Australian record. The winner's share of the A$ 3 million purse made her the leading prize money earner in Australian racing history. "It wasn't an easy victory, she had to be good to fight Humidor", said Waller. "But you never expect these races to be easy. In fact, you never expect to win when you come to these races. That

840-669: A lot of horses. She overcomes barrier draws, track conditions and distances. She had a long three-year-old year. She has been everywhere and she is still firing. For her to come back as a four-year-old is pretty special." On 24 October, Winx started favourite for Australia's most prestigious weight-for-age race, the Cox Plate over 2040 metres at Moonee Valley Racecourse . The field included an international element with Highland Reel ( Secretariat Stakes ) from Ireland, Arod ( Diomed Stakes , Summer Mile Stakes ) from England and Gailo Chop ( Prix Guillaume d'Ornano ) from France. The filly raced on

924-419: A master of ceremonies. Comics who appeared in burlesque early in their careers included Fanny Brice , Mae West , Eddie Cantor , Abbott and Costello , W. C. Fields , Jackie Gleason , Danny Thomas , Al Jolson , Bert Lahr , Phil Silvers , Sid Caesar , Danny Kaye , Red Skelton and Sophie Tucker . The uninhibited atmosphere of burlesque establishments owed much to the free flow of alcoholic liquor, and

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1008-402: A race of it. He left no stone unturned. I was comfortable in the first quarter of the race but I could see what was happening so I started to make my way a bit closer from the 900-metre mark but I still had to stay within myself... I'm concentrating on just keeping her balanced but when she hit the afterburners at the 150-metre mark today, I just can't explain the feeling." On 16 September, Winx

1092-456: A race", said Dr. Graeme Putt, who has studied the science of racehorse success. "I think this makes her unique." After two racecourse trials, Winx made her competitive debut on 4 June 2014 in a maiden race and won over 1100 metres at Warwick Farm Racecourse . Later that month, on her second and final race of the season, she won over 1400 metres at Rosehill Racecourse in Sydney. Winx suffered

1176-504: A rating of 132 for the race, matching her personal best rating from the 2016 Cox Plate. In the 2017 rankings, Winx once again ranked second behind Arrogate on the World's Best Racehorse ratings, and was the top-rated turf horse and female horse. Winx earned her second Australian Champion Racehorse of the Year award in a ceremony held on 8 October, becoming only the fourth mare to win this honour twice (Sunline, Makybe Diva and Black Caviar being

1260-464: A rating of at least 130 in three consecutive years. Winx was turned out for a six-week spell and then resumed training with a goal to win her fourth Cox Plate. On 4 October 2018, Winx was awarded the Australian Racehorse of the Year title for the 2017/2018 season, her third such title in a row. She also repeated as Australian champion middle-distance horse. Burlesque A burlesque

1344-963: A revival of burlesque, sometimes called Neo-Burlesque , on both sides of the Atlantic. A new generation, nostalgic for the spectacle and perceived glamour of the classic American burlesque, developed a cult following for the art in the early 1990s at Billie Madley's "Cinema" and later at the "Dutch Weismann's Follies" revues in New York City, "The Velvet Hammer" troupe in Los Angeles and The Shim-Shamettes in New Orleans. Ivan Kane's Royal Jelly Burlesque Nightclub at Revel Atlantic City opened in 2012. Notable Neo-burlesque performers include Dita Von Teese , and Julie Atlas Muz and Agitprop groups like Cabaret Red Light incorporated political satire and performance art into their burlesque shows. Annual conventions such as

1428-511: A time, burlesque verses were known as poesie bernesca in his honour. "Burlesque" as a literary term became widespread in 17th century Italy and France, and subsequently England, where it referred to a grotesque imitation of the dignified or pathetic. Shakespeare 's Pyramus and Thisbe scene in Midsummer Night's Dream and the general mocking of romance in Beaumont and Fletcher's The Knight of

1512-697: Is Richard Strauss 's 1890 Burleske for piano and orchestra . Examples of theatrical burlesques include W. S. Gilbert 's Robert the Devil and the A. C. Torr – Meyer Lutz shows, including Ruy Blas and the Blasé Roué . A later use of the term, particularly in the United States , refers to performances in a variety show format. These were popular from the 1860s to the 1940s, often in cabarets and clubs, as well as theatres, and featured bawdy comedy and female striptease . Some Hollywood films attempted to recreate

1596-495: Is a literary, dramatic or musical work intended to cause laughter by caricaturing the manner or spirit of serious works, or by ludicrous treatment of their subjects. The word derives from the Italian burlesco , which, in turn, is derived from the Italian burla – a joke, ridicule or mockery. Burlesque overlaps with caricature , parody and travesty , and, in its theatrical form, with extravaganza , as presented during

1680-421: Is still performed in revues and sketches . Tom Stoppard 's 1974 play Travesties is an example of a full-length play drawing on the burlesque tradition. Beginning in the early 18th century, the term burlesque was used throughout Europe to describe musical works in which serious and comic elements were juxtaposed or combined to achieve a grotesque effect. As derived from literature and theatre, "burlesque"

1764-607: The Victorian era . The word "burlesque" has been used in English in this literary and theatrical sense since the late 17th century. It has been applied retrospectively to works of Chaucer and Shakespeare and to the Graeco-Roman classics. Contrasting examples of literary burlesque are Alexander Pope 's The Rape of the Lock and Samuel Butler 's Hudibras . An example of musical burlesque

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1848-722: The World's Best Racehorse Rankings , she was the second-ranked filly or mare in 2015, improving in 2016 to become both the world's top-ranked filly or mare and the world's top-ranked turf horse. She retained this ranking in 2017 and in 2018 was co-ranked as the best horse in the world. In 2017 she was inducted into the Australian Racing Hall of Fame , only the third horse to earn this honour while still in training. Over her career, she earned more than 26 million Australian dollars . Winx began her racing career with three straight wins but then won only one race in her next seven starts. Towards

1932-460: The sextet , 'Chi mi frena in tal momento?', from Lucia di Lammermoor by Donizetti . Victorian burlesque, sometimes known as "travesty" or " extravaganza ", was popular in London theatres between the 1830s and the 1890s. It took the form of musical theatre parody in which a well-known opera, play or ballet was adapted into a broad comic play, usually a musical play, often risqué in style, mocking

2016-506: The "Rondo-Burleske" third movement of Symphony No. 9 by Mahler , and the "Burlesque" fourth movement of Shostakovich's Violin Concerto No. 1 . The use of burlesque has not been confined to classical music. Well-known ragtime travesties include Russian Rag , by George L. Cobb , which is based on Rachmaninoff 's Prelude in C-sharp minor , and Harry Alford 's Lucy's Sextette based on

2100-473: The 1600 metre Chipping Norton Stakes two weeks later. Starting the odds-on favourite, she won by a length and a half from Dibayani with Hauraki a length away in third. Bowman, who had ridden many major winners including So You Think , described her as "the best I have had anything to do with." In the George Ryder Stakes at Rosehill on 19 March, she again won at short odds, beating Kermadec by one and

2184-428: The 200m mark, she still had three lengths to make up when Bowman dropped the whip. Under a hand ride, Winx continued to close ground and pulled clear in the final strides to win by a length. "At the top of the straight I wasn't worried last start, but today I really was", said Bowman. "What she did today was incredible, I mean everything she does is incredible, but I'm lost for words... He (Red Excitement) certainly made

2268-469: The 2018/19 season, Winx began her seven-year-old campaign on 18 August in a race renamed in her honour and in doing so extended her winning streak to an Australasian record of 26, since extended to 33. Winx became the first horse in history to win the prestigious Cox Plate four times. She won the 2018 Secretariat Vox Populi Award , the top choice among race fans in a record 60 countries. She finished her career on 13 April 2019 at Randwick racecourse by winning

2352-551: The Burning Pestle were early examples of such imitation. In 17th century Spain, playwright and poet Miguel de Cervantes ridiculed medieval romance in his many satirical works. Among Cervantes' works are Exemplary Novels and the Eight Comedies and Eight New Interludes published in 1615. The term burlesque has been applied retrospectively to works of Chaucer and Shakespeare and to the Graeco-Roman classics. Burlesque

2436-530: The Caulfield Stakes. Black Heart Bart set the early pace, then Winx moved alongside on the turn while on the wrong lead. In the final 200m (one furlong), she switched to the right lead and drew off. On 22 October, Winx faced a stiffer challenge in her attempt to defend her 2015 win in the Cox Plate. Her leading rival was Hartnell , whose form had significantly improved since the two met in the Warwick, making him

2520-471: The Cox Plate, which placed her in a tie for eighth in the 2015 World's Best Racehorse Rankings . In comparison to other fillies and mares, she ranked only behind Treve and tied for second with Beholder . After a three and a half month break, Winx returned in autumn for two races at Randwick. On 13 February 2016 she won the Group 2 Apollo Stakes over 1400 metres and was then stepped back up to Group 1 level for

2604-571: The Group 2 Furious Stakes over 1200 metres at Randwick Racecourse in Sydney on 6 September 2014. She then finished second to First Seal in both the Tea Rose Stakes and the Flight Stakes before being given a summer break. She finished unplaced twice in February 2015 before winning the Group 2 Phar Lap Stakes against male opponents over 1500 metres at Rosehill on 14 March. Two weeks later at

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2688-556: The Group 2 Theo Marks Stakes over 1300 metres at Rosehill. After starting slowly, she moved to the outside of the field and closed rapidly to win by a head from the outsider Sons of John. Jockey James McDonald said, "She took a bit to get going. I just let her flop out and then let her gather momentum." Three weeks later she contested the 150th running of the Epsom Handicap over 1600 metres at Randwick. Starting favourite against thirteen opponents, she overcame serious interference on

2772-399: The Group 3 Sunshine Coast Guineas on 16 May. She trailed the large field as they turned for home but finally found racing room and drew off to win by one and three quarter lengths from the colt Ulmann. "At the 1000m I thought 'This is not good.' At the 600m it was even worse. I was in an impossible position", said jockey Larry Cassidy . "I just made the decision to come to the outside. If I

2856-405: The Lock . Low burlesque applied an irreverent, mocking style to a serious subject; an example is Samuel Butler 's poem Hudibras , which described the misadventures of a Puritan knight in satiric doggerel verse, using a colloquial idiom. Butler's addition to his comic poem of an ethical subtext made his caricatures into satire . In more recent times, burlesque true to its literary origins

2940-690: The Ouverture-Suite Burlesque de Quixotte , TWV 55, by Telemann and the Sinfonia Burlesca by Leopold Mozart (1760). Another often-performed piece is Richard Strauss 's 1890 Burleske for piano and orchestra . Other examples include the following: Burlesque can be used to describe particular movements of instrumental musical compositions, often involving dance rhythms. Examples are the Burlesca, in Partita No. 3 for keyboard (BWV 827) by Bach ,

3024-924: The Queen Elizabeth Stakes for the third time. She was then retired to be a broodmare . Winx is a bay mare bred in Australia by John Camilleri's Fairway Thoroughbreds. She was foaled on 14 September 2011 at Coolmore Stud , Jerrys Plains in the Hunter Valley of New South Wales . She was sired by the Irish-bred Street Cry , who won the Dubai World Cup in 2002 before becoming a very successful breeding stallion in North America and Australasia. His other progeny included Zenyatta , Street Sense , Shocking and Whobegotyou . Winx's dam , Vegas Showgirl,

3108-514: The Queen Elizabeth Stakes. Bowman settled the mare in last place, with Gailo Chop setting a comfortable pace up front. With 800m remaining in the race, Winx moved alongside Happy Clapper at the back of the pack while Japanese runner Ambitious pushed Gailo Chop for the lead. As the field rounded the turn, Happy Clapper made his move along the rail while Winx moved far wide for racing room. She accelerated and quickly closed ground on Gailo Chop then drew clear to win by 3 + 3 ⁄ 4 lengths. The win

3192-411: The addition of gags and 'turns'." In the early burlesques, following the example of ballad opera , the words of the songs were written to popular music; later burlesques mixed the music of opera , operetta , music hall and revue , and some of the more ambitious shows had original music composed for them. This English style of burlesque was successfully introduced to New York in the 1840s. Some of

3276-462: The audience would readily recognize. The house stars included Nellie Farren , John D'Auban , Edward Terry and Fred Leslie . From about 1880, Victorian burlesques grew longer, until they were a whole evening's entertainment rather than part of a double- or triple-bill. In the early 1890s, these burlesques went out of fashion in London, and the focus of the Gaiety and other burlesque theatres changed to

3360-525: The autumn on 8 April at Royal Randwick in the Queen Elizabeth Stakes , the world's most valuable 2000 metre turf race with a purse of A$ 4 million. In the early running, she was positioned on the outside of the second group of runners, a few lengths behind the leading group that included Hartnell , who made his move as they rounded the turn. Winx responded as they entered the straight, "excellerating away" to win by 5 + 1 ⁄ 4 lengths from Hartnell with Sense of Occasion in third. "I don't think you see

3444-481: The back of the pack after an awkward break, then started making up ground on the outside as they moved around the turn. Once they entered the straight, Winx drew off easily and won by 7 + 1 ⁄ 4 lengths from Le Romain, with Chautauqua in third. Her share of the purse took her earnings over the A$ 10 million mark. Timeform called the performance "her best yet", assigning a rating of 134. Winx made her final start of

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3528-554: The barriers, missing the start by some four lengths. Her stablemate Foxplay kicked clear into the straight, and Hugh Bowman on Winx had to ease her into the race. Coming from last on the turn and still last at the 300m mark, she lengthened stride and finished fast to run Foxplay down right on the line to win by a half neck in a "remarkable" effort. Concerned by the poor start in the Warwick, Waller decided to add ear muffs to Winx's racing equipment to help her relax – she had always worn them during trackwork but previously had them removed in

3612-403: The best of her when it is that sort of race", said Bowman, speaking of the slow pace. "I mean she is obviously still good, she wheeled passed them at the top of the straight and she still let down. But I honestly I think when she gets in a high pressure race, when there is a lot of pace from the start like there was in last year's Cox Plate, that's when you see the best of her." The IFHA assigned

3696-573: The early 20th century, there were two national circuits of burlesque shows competing with the vaudeville circuit, as well as resident companies in New York, such as Minsky's at the Winter Garden. The transition from burlesque on the old lines to striptease was gradual. At first, soubrettes showed off their figures while singing and dancing; some were less active but compensated by appearing in elaborate stage costumes. The strippers gradually supplanted

3780-490: The early favourite for the Melbourne Cup . The field also included several other Group One winners such as Black Heart Bart, Hauraki, Lucia Valentina and Yankee Rose. Bowman placed Winx to the outside of Hartnell during the early running then released her with 600 metres remaining. Winx moved to a two length lead at the top of the straight and continued to draw away, eventually winning by a record eight lengths from Hartnell. It

3864-474: The end of her three-year-old campaign, she rebounded to win two races in May 2015, including the Group 1 Queensland Oaks , to start her winning streak. As a four-year-old, she was named the 2015/6 Australian Horse of the Year and middle distance champion after a seven race campaign that included wins in the W. S. Cox Plate and Doncaster Mile . In the 2016/7 season, she successfully defended her 2015 Cox Plate win with

3948-641: The enforcement of Prohibition was a serious blow. In New York, Mayor Fiorello H. La Guardia clamped down on burlesque, effectively putting it out of business by the early 1940s. It lingered on elsewhere in the US, increasingly neglected, and by the 1970s, with nudity commonplace in theatres, reached "its final shabby demise." Both during its declining years and afterwards there have been films that sought to capture American burlesque, including Lady of Burlesque (1943), Striporama (1953), and The Night They Raided Minsky's (1968). In recent decades, there has been

4032-429: The final 400m in 22.71 seconds to win by 6 + 1 ⁄ 2 lengths. On 28 October, Winx extended her winning streak to 22 when she won the Cox Plate for the third time, matching Kingston Town 's achievement. Before a sell out crowd, Winx broke well and raced in mid pack before starting her move on the final turn. She struck the lead at the head of the straight and then withstood a late run from Humidor to win by half

4116-429: The final turn to win by two and a half lengths from the six-year-old gelding Ecuador. Her weight of 57 kilograms (126 lb) was the highest ever carried to victory in the race by a female. Speaking after the race, her trainer Chris Waller commented "For her to pick herself up after that and put herself back in the race before bursting through like she did, it was pretty special. Her winning strike rate separates her from

4200-572: The great mares of the last decade, only horses like Black Caviar , Treve, Zenyatta , Rachel Alexandra and Danedream have been able to run to figures of 127 and higher." Winx was voted the Australian Champion Racehorse of the Year for 2015/6, receiving all but one vote. She was also named the champion middle-distance performer. Winx began her next season in the Warwick Stakes over 1400 metres at Randwick on 20 August. She took

4284-418: The inside rail, broke clear of the field entering the straight and won by four and three quarter lengths from Criterion in a new race and course record time of 2:02.98, breaking Might and Power's 1998 race and course record by more than half a second. After the race, her jockey Hugh Bowman said "She's a group 1 mare, she's a serious racehorse. From the 800, I was very confident". Winx earned a rating of 123 for

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4368-690: The lead 300 metres out and drew away to win by three and half lengths from Hartnell . She was entered in the Chelmsford Stakes on 3 September but scratched due to the heavy going. On 17 September, she won the Group I George Main Stakes (also known as the Colgate Optic White Stakes), pushing her lifetime earnings past the A$ 7,000,000 mark. She also extended her winning streak to 11, tying her with Kingston Town. On 8 October, Winx faced only two rivals in

4452-410: The mare through the stress of travel and quarantine for just one or two races. Waller had a small amount of synthetic filler applied to Winx's near (left) hind hoof. The filler is used when a horse's hoof wall becomes brittle, usually towards the end of the racing season. It provides the farrier with more surface area for nailing on horseshoes . On 14 April, Winx made her last start of the season in

4536-483: The most frequent subjects for burlesque were the plays of Shakespeare and grand opera. The dialogue was generally written in rhyming couplets, liberally peppered with bad puns . A typical example from a burlesque of Macbeth : Macbeth and Banquo enter under an umbrella, and the witches greet them with "Hail! hail! hail!" Macbeth asks Banquo, "What mean these salutations, noble thane?" and is told, "These showers of 'Hail' anticipate your 'reign ' ". A staple of burlesque

4620-415: The new more wholesome but less literary genre of Edwardian musical comedy . American burlesque shows were originally an offshoot of Victorian burlesque. The English genre had been successfully staged in New York from the 1840s, and it was popularised by a visiting British burlesque troupe, Lydia Thompson and the "British Blondes", beginning in 1868. New York burlesque shows soon incorporated elements and

4704-462: The only losses of her racing career as a three-year-old, a fact that connections later attributed to her need to grow into herself. "For her first two years in training, physically, she was just catching up with herself", said bloodstock manager Peter O'Brien. "Chris [Waller] managed her beautifully — he never overtaxed her." In ten starts that year, she earned four wins and finished second three times. Winx recorded her first major success when she won

4788-400: The others). She also repeated as middle distance champion. Bowman and Waller were also honoured as leading Group 1 jockey and trainer respectively. On 19 August 2017, Winx opened up her six-year-old campaign with a second successive win in the Group 2 Warwick Stakes to extend her winning streak to 18 races and her prize money above $ 13M. The race did not go to plan, however, as she was left at

4872-417: The pack of the pack, then swung wide around the turn while gradually improving her position. Entering the straight, she moved to the lead and pulled away for a seven length victory. The win was her sixteenth at the Group 1 level, moving her by Black Caviar for the Australian record and tied with John Henry for the world record for Group / Grade 1 victories on the flat. Bowman commented that the impressive win

4956-536: The parade ring before racing. She made her next start on 2 September in the Chelmsford Stakes at Randwick. This time she broke well and settled near the front of the main pack. On the lead, Red Excitement set a quick pace and opened up a large lead of five lengths to the second place horse, who in turn was over five lengths in front of Winx. Turning into the straight, Winx moved into second but still had five lengths to make up on Red Excitement with 450m remaining. At

5040-474: The race was if there was no tempo but that went at a good gallop and that really helped", said Bowman. "Chris [Waller] and his team have done a great job to have her ready after so long away from the races and it's a privilege to be part of this." On 25 February, Winx returned in the Chipping Norton Stakes . Originally at odds of 1.10, she drifted out slightly to 1.22 because of the heavy going . With

5124-426: The rain still falling shortly before the race, Waller walked the course and determined that it was safe for Winx to run. "I was so close to scratching her but we made the right decision. I walked the track before the race and it looked pretty good to me. It was safe and that was my main concern", he said. Although her time was slow, Winx won with ease by two lengths over longshot Lasqueti Spirit. Hartnell did not handle

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5208-534: The same track, she was stepped up in distance for the Vinery Stud Stakes against other fillies but finished unplaced behind Fenway. She started 9/5 favourite for the Australian Oaks over 2400 metres at Randwick on 11 April but was beaten by the 16/1 outsider Gust of Wind, the last race before her winning streak began. After having earned only one win in her last seven starts, Winx was dropped in class for

5292-426: The singing and dancing soubrettes; by 1932 there were at least 150 strip principals in the US. Star strippers included Sally Rand , Gypsy Rose Lee , Tempest Storm , Lili St. Cyr , Blaze Starr , Ann Corio and Margie Hart , who was celebrated enough to be mentioned in song lyrics by Lorenz Hart and Cole Porter . By the late 1930s, burlesque shows would have up to six strippers supported by one or two comics and

5376-504: The spirit of these performances from the 1930s to the 1960s, or included burlesque-style scenes within dramatic films, such as 1972's Cabaret and 1979's All That Jazz , among others. There has been a resurgence of interest in this format since the 1990s. The word first appears in a title in Francesco Berni 's Opere burlesche of the early 16th century, works that had circulated widely in manuscript before they were printed. For

5460-512: The structure of the popular minstrel shows . They consisted of three parts: first, songs and ribald comic sketches by low comedians; second, assorted olios and male acts, such as acrobats, magicians and solo singers; and third, chorus numbers and sometimes a burlesque in the English style on politics or a current play. The entertainment was usually concluded by an exotic dancer or a wrestling or boxing match. The entertainments were given in clubs and cabarets, as well as music halls and theatres. By

5544-734: The theatrical and musical conventions and styles of the original work, and quoting or pastiching text or music from the original work. The comedy often stemmed from the incongruity and absurdity of the classical subjects, with realistic historical dress and settings, being juxtaposed with the modern activities portrayed by the actors. Madame Vestris produced burlesques at the Olympic Theatre beginning in 1831 with Olympic Revels by J. R. Planché . Other authors of burlesques included H. J. Byron , G. R. Sims , F. C. Burnand , W. S. Gilbert and Fred Leslie . Victorian burlesque related to and in part derived from traditional English pantomime "with

5628-494: The top of the straight and took command of the race. Winx seemed slow to respond but then picked up her stride in mid stretch and swept to the lead, then eased off slightly near the wire to win by 1 + 1 ⁄ 4 lengths. Her time for the 1600-metre distance was a race record of 1:33.65. Winx made her first start at Flemington Racecourse on 7 October in the Turnbull Stakes , causing "commuter chaos" as her fans headed to

5712-417: The top-ranked filly/mare and top-ranked turf horse in the world for 2016. The 132 rating is tied with Black Caviar as the highest rating ever assigned to a filly or mare. When asked what set Winx apart from other competitors, Bowman said, "She is so well-balanced, light on her feet, and she can accelerate very quickly. But it is her will-to-win and her determination that makes her so good. I’ve never ridden

5796-410: The track and was well back in eighth. "Today the conditions were fair and even", said Bowman, "yeah sure it is wet but everyone is getting their chance and it is just a case of whether your horse can cope with the surface or not. Clearly this mare can." The victory extended Winx's winning streak to fifteen, surpassing Phar Lap 's win streak of fourteen and tying her with Carbine and Bernborough . It

5880-399: The track. Feeling that Winx had regained her focus at the start, Waller removed the ear muffs from her equipment. Winx broke well and settled in fifth place during the early running, then swung wide and started making up ground on the turn. With 400m remaining, the crowd started clapping as she accelerated past her rivals. Despite never being urged and easing up before the wire, Winx completed

5964-564: The turn. Invincible Gem led early, stalked by Happy Clapper. Winx unleashed her run with 300m remaining, and gradually pulled away to win by three-quarters of a length from Happy Clapper. After the George Ryder, Winx's connections discussed whether the mare would be shipped to England in June for the Royal Ascot racing festival. They ultimately decided against it as Waller was concerned about putting

6048-610: Was a fair-dinkum Cox Plate out there today." Winx was given a layoff, then was originally scheduled to return to racing in February 2018 in the Apollo Stakes. However, Bowman had been suspended for a previous racing infraction so Waller decided to delay Winx's return until Bowman would be available to ride her. On 3 March, Winx was entered in the Chipping Norton Stakes at Randwick, facing seven rivals including Victoria Derby winner Prized Icon. She broke slowly and settled near

6132-494: Was a stakes winner in New Zealand who was bought by Fairway Thoroughbreds in 2008 as a broodmare prospect for A$ 455,000. Winx stood and nursed soon after foaling and quickly stood out as "a leggy Elle Macpherson type". She was sold as a yearling for $ 230,000 at the 2013 Magic Millions Gold Coast sale. She was part of a draft of horses from Coolmore Stud and was selected by Mulcaster Bloodstock (Guy Mulcaster) to be purchased "to

6216-557: Was beaten at the half-mile. She must have an amazing will to win." The win in the Doncaster earned Winx a rating of 126 by the International Federation of Horseracing Authorities (IFHA), which tied her for the lead in the April 2016 listing of the World's Best Racehorse rankings with California Chrome . "That's an extraordinarily high figure for a mare", said Racing Victoria's Chief Handicapper Greg Carpenter. "When you think of

6300-488: Was due at least in part to the mare's preference for soft going, believing she was not at her best over the firm tracks she had encountered in four of her previous five wins. "She still performed at a high level every time but she is just not as comfortable", he said. "The one wet track she did have was at Flemington and we saw what she did there in the Turnbull. A little bit of cut here this afternoon and we couldn't have asked for

6384-497: Was entered in the George Main Stakes where she was installed as the heavy favorite. She broke well but soon settled near the back of the pack, well off the fast pace set by Red Excitement. She was not moving well and Bowman struck her with the whip with 600 metres remaining. Rounding into the straight, she was still near the rear of the field, some eight lengths behind Red Excitement. From mid-pack, Happy Clapper made his move near

6468-445: Was going to get beat, I didn't want it to be because I was on the inside behind horses. That was just breathtaking." On her final appearance of the season she started odds-on favourite for the Group 1 Queensland Oaks on 30 May at Doomben Racecourse and won by three and a half lengths from Ungrateful Ellen. After running in a trial at Warwick Farm, Winx began her four-year-old campaign on 12 September 2015 by starting favourite for

6552-431: Was her 25th in a row, tying her with Black Caviar for the Australian record. Waller commented, "We will never know how good she is because she just had the best horses in Australia take her on and beat them like that." The win earned Winx a rating of 130, making her the top-rated horse in the world in the May 2018 update of the World's Best Racehorse Rankings. She also became only the second horse after Black Caviar to post

6636-427: Was her tenth Group One win and the winner's purse took her earnings to A$ 9.8 million, third on the Australian all-time list behind Makybe Diva and Sunline . On 18 March, Winx was entered in the George Ryder Stakes at a distance of 1500 metres over another rain-soaked course. Her six rivals included sprint champion Chautauqua and Group I winner Le Romain, who was expected to relish the heavy going. Winx settled near

6720-476: Was her thirteenth consecutive win, including nine Group One victories, and took her past Black Caviar and So You Think in career earnings. "We were a long way away but we weren't disgraced", said David Vandyke, trainer of Yankee Rose who finished third. "We can say we got beaten by Winx." Timeform increased her rating to 133p, "with the possibility of even better to come". The IFHA gave her an initial rating of 130, subsequently increased to 132, making her both

6804-420: Was intentionally ridiculous in that it imitated several styles and combined imitations of certain authors and artists with absurd descriptions. In this, the term was often used interchangeably with " pastiche ", " parody ", and the 17th and 18th century genre of the " mock-heroic ". Burlesque depended on the reader's (or listener's) knowledge of the subject to make its intended effect, and a high degree of literacy

6888-425: Was taken for granted. 17th and 18th century burlesque was divided into two types: High burlesque refers to a burlesque imitation where a literary, elevated manner was applied to a commonplace or comically inappropriate subject matter as, for example, in the literary parody and the mock-heroic . One of the most commonly cited examples of high burlesque is Alexander Pope 's "sly, knowing and courtly" The Rape of

6972-526: Was the display of attractive women in travesty roles , dressed in tights to show off their legs, but the plays themselves were seldom more than modestly risqué. Burlesque became the speciality of certain London theatres, including the Gaiety and Royal Strand Theatre from the 1860s to the early 1890s. Until the 1870s, burlesques were often one-act pieces running less than an hour and using pastiches and parodies of popular songs, opera arias and other music that

7056-736: Was used, and is still used, in music to indicate a bright or high-spirited mood, sometimes in contrast to seriousness. In this sense of farce and exaggeration rather than parody, it appears frequently on the German-language stage between the middle of the 19th century and the 1920s. Burlesque operettas were written by Johann Strauss II ( Die lustigen Weiber von Wien , 1868), Ziehrer ( Mahomed's Paradies , 1866; Das Orakel zu Delfi , 1872; Cleopatra, oder Durch drei Jahrtausende , 1875; In fünfzig Jahren , 1911) and Bruno Granichstaedten ( Casimirs Himmelfahrt , 1911). French references to burlesque are less common than German, though Grétry composed for

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