119-491: Warwick Central State School is a heritage-listed state school at 55B Guy Street, Warwick , Southern Downs Region , Queensland , Australia. It was built from 1874 to 1875. It is also known as Warwick West Boys School, Girls School and Infants School and Warwick West School. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 6 February 2006. The Central State School is a stone building constructed in 1875 as
238-543: A further education college or sixth form college to prepare themselves for a wide range of apprenticeships and study. Major provider of vocational qualifications include the Business and Technology Education Council , City and Guilds of London Institute and Edexcel . Higher National Certificates and Higher National Diplomas typically require 1 and 2 years of full-time study and credit from either HNE or Diplomas can be transferred toward an undergraduate degree. Along with
357-500: A grammar school if they pass the eleven plus exam ; there are also a number of isolated fully selective grammar schools and a few dozen partially selective schools . The oldest state school in England is Beverley Grammar School , which was founded in 700 AD. The French educational system is highly centralised, organised, and ramified. It is divided into three stages: Schooling in France
476-572: A selective school system where admission is restricted on the basis of selection criteria, usually academic performance. The term is commonly used in relation to England and Wales, where comprehensive schools were introduced as state schools on an experimental basis in the 1940s and became more widespread from 1965. About 90% of English secondary school pupils attend a comprehensive state school. Comprehensive schools provide an entitlement curriculum to all children, without selection whether due to financial considerations or attainment. A consequence of that
595-476: A distant perch to eat, but may drop them on the way. The suggestion that extinct large animals (initially dinosaurs and later the Australian megafauna ) may have been dispersers for the bunya is reasonable, given the size of the seeds and their energy content, but difficult to confirm given the incompleteness of the fossil record for coprolites . A. bidwillii has an unusual cryptogeal seed germination in which
714-450: A fire. The flavour of the kernel is often compared to a chestnut, although it is less intense in terms of aroma and flavour. The savory flavour and aroma is also comparable to cooked potato. The cones were a very important food source for native Australians – each Aboriginal family would own a group of trees and these would be passed down from generation to generation. This is said to be the only case of hereditary personal property owned by
833-470: A fraction of the unit cost of government schools. The teacher to student ratio is usually much lower in private schools than in the government ones, creating more competitive students. Education in India is provided by the public sector as well as the private sector, with control and funding coming from three levels: federal, state, and local. The Nalanda University was the oldest university-system of education in
952-462: A governmental entity. Private school generally refers to primary, secondary and tertiary educational institutions that are not government-owned. Elementary, middle, and high schools that are operated by a religious organization are commonly called parochial schools , though, in practice, the term is generally used to refer only to schools operated by the Catholic Church or mainline denominations;
1071-461: A large number of private schools and universities. In the United States , the term "state school" is colloquial for state university , a college, and a university in a state university system. It is also used by state governments in the names of juvenile prisons , and facilities for disabled people. Instead, the term "public school" is used for elementary, middle, and high schools funded or run by
1190-578: A model plan for the Queensland Board of Education, to be used for country schools. Whilst employed in Backhouse's office Suter prepared designs for school buildings, which later lead to the Board commissioning Suter for the design of timber schools and teacher's residences. From the end of 1868 until 1875, Suter undertook almost all of the Board's work, which involved approximately 30 National Schools. He described
1309-638: A new species of Araucaria from Moreton Bay, New Holland") was published in his own journal London Journal of Botany . The genus name Araucaria is taken from the Spanish word Araucanía , the name of the area in Chile where the first species of this genus originated, and/or Araucanos , the Spanish word for the original inhabitants of the area. Hooker coined the species epithet in honour of Bidwill, for his efforts in collecting specimens and bringing them to him. In various Australian Aboriginal languages this tree
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#17328982991591428-416: A part of the free education. With the establishment of the provincial council system in the 1980s the central government handed control of most schools to local governments. However the old schools which had been around since the colonial times were retained by the central government, thus creating three types of government schools: National Schools, Provincial Schools, and Piriven. National Schools come under
1547-401: A pre-school class (mandatory since 2009), the 9-year obligatory course and a voluntary 11th year. It thus caters for pupils aged 6 to 17. It is also possible for parents to send their children to various kinds of private schools . These schools also receive government funding, although they are not public. In addition to this funding, these schools may charge a fee from the parents. England has
1666-555: A regular food item in grocery stalls and street-side stalls around rural southern Queensland. Some farmers in the Wide Bay/ Sunshine Coast regions have experimented with growing bunya trees commercially for their nuts and timber. Bunya timber was and is still highly valued as "tonewood" for stringed instruments' sound boards since the first European settlers. Since the mid-1990s, the Australian company Maton has used bunya for
1785-476: A school that is state-controlled. These are officially called public schools according to the South African Schools Act of 1996, but it is a term that is not used colloquially. The Act recognised two categories of schools: public and independent. Independent schools include all private schools and schools that are privately governed. Independent schools with low tuition fees are state-aided and receive
1904-869: A shaded area and watered weekly. Four tubes were lost due to being knocked over. Of a total of 100 seeds placed, 87 germinated. The tubes were checked monthly for emergence over three years. Of these seeds, 55 emerged from April to December, 1999; 32 emerged from January to September in 2000, one seed emerged in January 2001, and the last appeared in February 2001. Once established, bunyas are quite hardy and they can be grown as far south as Hobart in Australia (42° S) and Christchurch in New Zealand (43° S) and (at least) as far north as Sacramento in California (38° N) and Coimbra (in
2023-454: A single unbranched trunk up to 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in) diameter , which has dark brown or black flaky bark. The branches are produced in whorls at regular intervals along the trunk, with leaf-bearing branchlets crowded at their ends. The branches are held more or less horizontally – those towards the top of the trunk may be somewhat ascending, those on the lowest section of the trunk may be somewhat drooping. This arrangement gives
2142-498: A strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons. The Warwick Central State School has provided primary education to generations of Warwick children and continues to be valued in this role. The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland's history. The Warwick Central State School
2261-477: A strong state-funded school system. There are a number of categories of English state-funded schools including academy schools , community schools , faith schools , foundation schools , free schools , grammar schools , maths schools , studio schools, university technical colleges , state boarding schools and City Technology Colleges . About one third of English state-funded schools are faith schools ; i.e. affiliated with religious groups, most often from
2380-520: A subsidy on a sliding-scale. Traditional private schools that charge high fees receive no state subsidy. State schools are all state-owned, including section 21 schools, formerly referred to as "model C" or semi-private schools, that have a governing body and a degree of budget autonomy, as these are still fully owned and accountable to the state. Under the Canadian constitution , public-school education in Canada
2499-608: Is a 12-year compulsory education program from the government. The Indonesian educational system is divided into three stages: Most students attend public schools through the lower secondary level, but private education is popular at the upper secondary and university levels. The first public education system on record was put in place during the Koryo Dynasty. The national school system was put in place under Hak-Je ( Korean : 학제 ; Hanja : 學制 ; lit. Education Policy) enacted by King Seong Jong, which
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#17328982991592618-468: Is a provincial responsibility and, as such, there are many variations among the provinces. Junior kindergarten or equivalent exists as an official program in Ontario and Quebec while kindergarten or equivalent is available in every province, but provincial funding and the level of hours provided varies widely. Starting at grade one, at about age six, there is universal Crown-funded access up to grade twelve, or
2737-673: Is a responsibility shared by the national government, the provinces and federal district and private institutions, though basic guidelines have historically been set by the Ministry of Education. Closely associated in Argentina with President Domingo Sarmiento 's assertion that "the sovereign should be educated." The word "sovereign" refers to the people. Education has been extended nearly universally and its maintenance remains central to political and cultural debate. Even though education at all levels, including universities, has always been free, there are
2856-410: Is a small arched window. The eastern elevation has five large square windows to both northern and southern wings on either side of the projecting gabled entry porch . On both sides of each wing are open verandahs. The southwestern section is enclosed and incorporates a timber extension now used as a tuck shop. Internally, the building is divided into four large rooms. At the front is the gabled entry to
2975-419: Is a wider ranging curriculum, including practical subjects such as design and technology and vocational learning. Technical education in state schools are introduced during the secondary school years and goes on into further education (FE) and higher education (HE). Further education incorporates vocational oriented education as well as a combination of general secondary education. Students can also go on to
3094-581: Is also advised when parking under these trees as the falling cones can dent or damage vehicles. A specimen of Araucaria bidwillii in East Los Angeles, California is featured in Taylor Hackford 's 1993 film Blood In Blood Out as a touchstone for the main characters. The tree, known as " El Pino " ("the pine" in Spanish), has become famous from this association, and is visited by international fans of
3213-475: Is also gluten free, making bunya nut flour a substitute for people with gluten intolerance. Bunya nuts are slow to germinate. A set of 12 seeds sown in Melbourne took an average of about six months to germinate (with the first germinating in three months) and only developed roots after one year. The first leaves form a rosette and are dark brown. The leaves only turn green once the first stem branch occurs. Unlike
3332-521: Is appointed or elected to co-ordinate the state department of education, the state board of education, and the state legislature. Statewide education policies are disseminated to school districts or their equivalents. They are associated with counties, or with groups of counties, but their boundaries are not necessarily coterminous with county boundaries. The intermediate school districts encompass many local school districts. Local school districts operate with their own local boards, which oversee operations of
3451-401: Is both distichous and decussate (referred to as secondarily distichous) – that is, one pair of leaves are produced on the twig opposite each other, and the next pair above is rotated around the twig 90° to them, and so on. The cones are terminal , the male (or pollen) cone is a spike up to 20 cm (7.9 in) long which matures around October to November. The female (or seed) cone
3570-427: Is composed of four single paned casements. The eastern, principal, elevation features a projecting gable with two narrow lancet windows with a small arched window above them and a centrally positioned circular air vent. A similar arrangement of vent and lancet windows is found at the western gabled end of the building. On the northern and southern gable ends there are sets of three narrow lancet windows. Above each set
3689-413: Is essentially a daycare facility. French secondary education is divided into two schools: The completion of secondary studies leads to the baccalauréat . The baccalauréat (also known as bac ) is the end-of- lycée diploma students sit for in order to enter university , a Classe préparatoire aux grandes écoles , or professional life. The term baccalauréat refers to the diploma and
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3808-520: Is increasingly common in which the elementary school contains kindergarten or 1st grade to 5th or 6th grade and the middle School contains 6th or 7th and 8th grade. In addition, some elementary schools are splitting into two levels, sometimes in separate buildings: elementary school (usually K–2) and intermediate (3–5). Some middle schools are different. The K–8 format is also an emerging popular concept in which students may attend only two schools for all of their K–12 education. Many charter schools feature
3927-521: Is known as banya (anglicized as bunya ), bonye, bonyi (in Gubbi Gubbi ), bunyi or bunya-bunya , leading to its common name 'bunya pine'. It is also less-known as the false monkey puzzle tree (not to be confused with Araucaria araucana , the monkey puzzle tree). The bunya pine is a member of the Section Bunya of the genus Araucaria , and is the sole extant species within it. This section
4046-441: Is mandatory as of age three. Primary education takes place in kindergarten ( école maternelle ) for children from 3 to 6 and ( école élémentaire ) from 6 to 11. For public schools, both schools building and administrative staff are managed by the borough's ( commune ) while professors are ( Education nationale ) civil servants. Some children even start earlier at age two in pré-maternelle or garderie class, which
4165-588: Is much larger, reaching up to 30 cm (12 in) long and 20 cm (7.9 in) wide, which is roughly equivalent to a rugby ball . At maturity, which occurs from December through to March, female cones are green with 50–100 pointed segments, each of which encloses a seed, and they can weigh up to 10 kg. Both seed and pollen cones are some of the largest of all conifer species. The edible seeds measure between 2.5 cm (1.0 in) and 5 cm (2.0 in) long and are ovoid to long-elliptic . Araucaria bidwillii , like many species from
4284-602: Is provided to a large extent by the government, with control coming from state level, ( Länder ) and funding coming from two levels: federal and state. Curricula, funding, teaching, and other policies are set through the respective state's ministry of education. Decisions about the acknowledgment of private schools (the German equivalent to accreditation in the US) are also made by these ministries. However, public schools are automatically recognised, since these schools are supervised directly by
4403-556: Is significant as an example of the work of influential architect Richard Suter, who made an important contribution to the design of schools in Queensland. It is the only stone State school building designed by him in Queensland. [REDACTED] This Misplaced Pages article was originally based on "The Queensland heritage register" published by the State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 7 July 2014, archived on 8 October 2014). The geo-coordinates were originally computed from
4522-574: Is the Education Act of 1996. Education may be obtained from government-sponsored schools, private schools , or through homeschooling . By law, primary education is compulsory . As in other Asian countries such as Singapore and China, standardised tests are a common feature. Philippines has had a public education system since 1863 and is the oldest in Asia. It was created during the Spanish colonization of
4641-583: Is thought to have been most widespread in the Mesozoic – fossils from the Jurassic period with cone morphology similar to A. bidwillii have been found in the UK ( Araucaria sphaerocarpa ) and South America ( Araucaria mirabilis ) At the start of British occupation, A. bidwillii was abundant in southern Queensland, occurring in large groves or sprinkled regularly as an emergent species throughout other forest types on
4760-405: Is uncommon as an early and substantially intact school building and as one constructed of local stone, rather than brick or the timber later in common use. The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places. The building demonstrates the principal characteristics of early schools such as the provision of large classrooms for teaching by
4879-599: The série littéraire (L) focuses on French and foreign languages and philosophy . The Grandes écoles of France are higher education establishments outside the mainstream framework of the public universities . They are generally focused on a single subject area, such as engineering , have a moderate size, and are often quite (sometimes extremely) selective in their admission of students. They are widely regarded as prestigious, and traditionally have produced most of France's scientists and executives . Education in Germany
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4998-409: The "Queensland heritage register boundaries" published by the State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 5 September 2014, archived on 15 October 2014). State school A state school , public school , or government school is a primary or secondary school that educates all students without charge. They are funded in whole or in part by taxation and operated by
5117-457: The Araucariaceae family and the fir genus, changes its structural model over time – initially its growth follows a perfect Massart's model and gradually changes to a Rauh model when old. Tree architecture has been studied in recent decades from a scientific point of view, in a systematic way. Botanists Hall, Oldeman and Tomlinson studied the growth of tropical trees and arrived at the idea of
5236-657: The Atherton Tableland , in New South Wales , and around the Perth metropolitan area, and it has also been widely planted in other parts of the world. They are very tall trees – the tallest living individual is in Bunya Mountains National Park and was reported by Robert Van Pelt in January 2003 to be 51.5 m (169 ft) in height. Araucaria bidwillii will grow to a height of 50 m (160 ft) with
5355-675: The Church of England (approximately 2/3 of faith schools), or the Roman Catholic Church (around 3/10). There are also schools affiliated to other Christian churches; in 2011, there were 42 Jewish, 12 Muslim, 3 Sikh and 1 Hindu faith schools. These faith schools include sub-categories such as faith- academy schools , voluntary aided schools , and voluntary controlled schools : most voluntary controlled schools are faith schools. All of these are funded through national and local taxation. All state-funded schools in England are required to follow
5474-481: The National Curriculum , which is made up of twelve subjects. Every state school must offer a curriculum which is balanced and broadly based and which promotes the spiritual, moral, cultural, mental and physical development of pupils at the school and of society, and prepares pupils at the school for the opportunities, responsibilities and experiences of later life. For each of the statutory curriculum subjects,
5593-638: The Secretary of State for Education is required to set out a Programme of Study which outlines the content and matters which must be taught in those subjects at the relevant Key Stages. Teachers should set high expectations for every pupil. They should plan stretching work for pupils whose attainment is significantly above the expected standard. Teachers should use appropriate assessment to set targets which are deliberately ambitious. A high number of state-funded secondary schools are specialist schools , receiving extra funding to develop one or more subjects in which
5712-407: The government of the state. State-funded schools are global with each country showcasing distinct structures and curricula. Government-funded education spans from primary to secondary levels, covering ages 4 to 18. Alternatives to this system include homeschooling , private schools , charter schools , and other educational options. In South Africa , a state school or government school refers to
5831-452: The states are also referred to as "public". However, unlike public high schools, public universities usually charge tuition, but fees are usually much lower than those charged by private universities , particularly for students who meet in-state residency criteria. Community colleges , state colleges , and state universities are examples of public institutions of higher education. In particular, many state universities are regarded as among
5950-671: The Aboriginal people. After the cones had fallen and the fruit was ripe, a large festival harvest would sometimes occur, between two and seven years apart. The people of the region would set aside differences and gather in the Bon-yi Mountains ( Bunya Mountains ) to feast on the kernels. The local people, who were bound by custodial obligations and rights, sent out messengers to invite people from hundreds of kilometres to meet at specific sites. The meetings involved Aboriginal ceremonies , dispute settlements and fights, marriage arrangements and
6069-425: The Australian continent over the millennia, leading to a reduction of areas with suitable climatic zones for rainforest. A variety of birds and animals, including sulphur-crested cockatoos ( Cacatua galerita ), short-eared possums ( Trichosurus caninus ), fawn-footed melomys ( Melomys cervinipes ), and wallabies are known to eat the seeds. The cockatoos are also a dispersal agent as they will carry seeds to
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#17328982991596188-478: The Board acquired four schools; 73 schools had been opened by 1868, and by 1874, 203 schools were open. Many of the schools were conducted in buildings that were of primitive construction, the first Warwick school being constructed of timber slabs. Warwick was settled early and soon became an important regional centre. The Warwick National School quickly became overcrowded and, as development in Warwick spread westward,
6307-445: The Board of Education on 12 November 1875 criticised the design for its poor lighting and ventilation and commented on the ill fit of the windows. He recommended the construction of playground shelter sheds. It was usual for parents to provide one fifth of the cost of such sheds and money was collected for them. They cost £140 each and were built by Keleher and completed by 5 February 1878. In 1884 Johann Guntz bequeathed land adjoining
6426-608: The Bunya Mountains to this day. A number of strategies including the use of traditional ecological knowledge have been incorporated into the current management practices of the national park and conservation reserves with the Bunya Murri Ranger project currently operating in the mountains. Indigenous Australians eat the nut of the bunya tree (known as yenggi Aboriginal pronunciation: [jeŋgi] ) both raw and cooked, and also in its immature form. Traditionally,
6545-499: The Bunya feast. In 1842, the government of what was then the Colony of New South Wales published a notice in the N.S.W. Government Gazette which prohibited settlers from occupying land or cutting timber within a proclaimed "Bunya district". This may have been in recognition of the local Aboriginal people's close association with these trees, or their "fierce protection" of them. Regardless,
6664-488: The Education Department recommended a new brick building replace the exiting main building, but this did not eventuate. In 1956 and 1961 two new schools were built in Warwick and they relieved the overcrowding issue at Warwick Central State School. In 1959 a new wing with six classrooms was constructed and two further classrooms were added in 1968–1969. When the new classrooms were built, the original school building
6783-620: The HNC and HND, students who are interested in other vocational qualifications may pursue a foundation degree , which is a qualification that trains students to be highly skilled technicians. The National Apprenticeship Service also offers vocational education where people at ages of 16 and older enter apprenticeships in order to learn a skilled trade . There are over 60 different certifications can be obtained through an apprenticeship, which typically lasts from to 3 years. Trades apprentices receive paid wages during training and spend one day at school and
6902-550: The K-8 format in which all elementary grades are housed in one section of the school, and the traditional junior high school students are housed in another section of the school. Some very small school districts, primarily in rural areas, still maintain a K–12 system in which all students are housed in a single school. A few 7–12 schools also exist. In the United States, institutions of higher education that are operated and subsidised by
7021-484: The Lancastrian system and in its gender division, separating class and play areas for girls and boys. The place is important because of its aesthetic significance. The Warwick Central State School has aesthetic value as an early example of Gothic revival school architecture and as a prominently sited building, pleasing in form and material, makes an important contribution to the character of Guy Street. The place has
7140-497: The Ministry of Education. The Danish school system is supported today by tax-based governmental and municipal funding from day care through primary and secondary education to higher education and there are no tuition fees for regular students in public schools and universities . The Danish public primary schools , covering the entire period of compulsory education, are called folkeskoler (literally 'people's schools' or 'public schools'). The folkeskole consists of
7259-924: The National Board Curriculum. Many children, especially girls, drop out of school after completing the 5th Year in remote areas. In larger cities such as Dhaka and Chittagong , however, this is fairly uncommon. Many good public schools conduct an entrance exam, although most public schools in the villages and small towns usually do not. Public schools are often the only option for parents and children in rural areas, but there are large numbers of private schools in Dhaka and Chittagong. Many Bangladeshi private schools teach their students in English and follow curricula from overseas, but in public schools lessons are taught in Bengali . In China, state schools are funded and administered by
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#17328982991597378-465: The United States, 88% of students attend public schools, compared with 9% who attend parochial schools , 1% who attend private independent schools , and 2% who are homeschooled . Public school is normally split up into three stages: elementary school ( kindergarten to 5th or 6th grade), middle ("intermediate" or junior high school) from 5th, 6th, or 7th grade to 8th or 9th grade, and high school (9th or 10th to 12th grade). The middle school format
7497-492: The Warwick Central State School. In 1909 both the main school building and toilet block required re- roofing. In 1910 a timber addition was made to the north of the main building. A report at the time also made mention of the poor lighting in the main building. In 1914 dormer windows in the main building were inserted. In 1919 an open-air annexe was erected at a cost of £1167. While the annexe did relieve some of
7616-480: The additional fees. Some parents appreciate the idea as they may send their children to good schools even though they may not be academically qualified, while others believe that it is not fair for someone who has a background of poverty. The public spending on schools in China has been uneven due to insufficient investment in education. This condition is in favor of urban schools and it is promoted by past policies such as
7735-579: The age of sixteen in most provinces, while students in Ontario and New Brunswick must attend schools until the age of 18. Some Canadian provinces offer segregated-by-religious-choice, but nonetheless Crown-funded and Crown-regulated, religiously based education. In Ontario, for example, Roman Catholic schools are known as "Catholic Schools" or "Separate Schools", not "Public Schools", although these are, by definition, no less "public" than their secular counterparts. In some countries, such as Brazil and Mexico ,
7854-519: The architectural model, which can be seen as a growth strategy to occupy space. The trees' pollen cones appear in April and mature in September or October. The cones require fifteen months to mature, and the cones fall 17 to 18 months after pollination in late January to early March from the coast to the current Bunya Mountains . When there is heavy rainfall or drought, pollination may vary. The species
7973-704: The best institutions of higher education in the US but usually are surpassed in ranking by certain private universities and colleges, such as those of the Ivy League , which are often very expensive and extremely selective in the students they accept. In several states, the administrations of public universities are elected via the general electoral ballot. Public or Government-funded schools are found throughout Bangladesh . They are referred to as 'Government High School'. These schools mostly teach students from Year 1 to 10, with examination for students in year 10. All public schools follow
8092-746: The botanical garden) and even in Dublin area in Ireland (53ºN) in a microclimate protected from arctic winds and moderated by the Gulf Stream. They will reach a height of 35 to 40 metres, and live for about 500 years. The cones of the bunya pine are some of the largest produced by the conifer family. The cones—which can grow to as much as 35 centimetres (14 in) in diameter when mature, and weigh up to 10 kilograms (22 lb)—can drop on unsuspecting passersby from heights of 40 metres (130 ft) or more. The falling cones are capable of causing severe injuries. Caution
8211-419: The bunya nut; from pancakes, biscuits and breads, to casseroles, to 'bunya nut pesto' or hoummus. The nut is considered nutritious, with a unique flavour similar to starchy potato and chestnut. When the nuts are boiled in water, the water turns red, making a flavoursome tea. The nutritional content of the bunya nut is: 40% water, 40% complex carbohydrates, 9% protein, 2% fat, 0.2% potassium, 0.06% magnesium. It
8330-479: The bunya pine in Southeast Queensland is the introduction of red deer ( Cervus elaphus ). Unlike possums and rodents, the deer eat bunya cones while still intact, preventing their dispersal. The bunya , bonye , bunyi , bunya-bunya or banya tree produces edible kernels. The ripe cones fall to the ground. Each segment contains a kernel in a tough protective shell, which will split when boiled or put in
8449-476: The development of the education system in Queensland. The building was constructed in 1874–75, a period of expansion for educational facilities in Queensland. It is an early example of a masonry school building designed by prominent architect RG Suter who was responsible for the design of many school buildings in Queensland from the late 1860s to the mid-1870s. The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland's cultural heritage. The school
8568-515: The direct control of the Ministry of Education therefore have direct funding from the ministry. Provincial Schools consists of the vast majority of schools in Sri Lanka which are funded and controlled by the local governments. Piriven are monastic college (similar to a seminary) for the education of Buddhist priests. These have been the centres of secondary and higher education in ancient times for lay people as well. Today these are funded and maintained by
8687-616: The earliest in Warwick in 1850. The Education Act of 1860 was amongst the earliest legislation enacted by the new colony of Queensland . It established a Board of General Education and provided for a system of government-subsidised primary schools, similar to that in New South Wales. Under the Queensland Act, communities were required to contribute one-third of the cost of construction of new school buildings. Pupils at schools were also subject to payment of fees. At its commencement in 1860,
8806-444: The education sector within the government. Although some, especially high schools, have started to charge a fair portion of parents of students an additional tuition fee, due to the increased places offered by the schools in recent years. Top state schools are often very selective, however. Students who miss their entrance requirement may still gain places if they meet a relatively lower requirement and their parents are willing to pay for
8925-609: The equivalent. Schools are generally divided into elementary schools (kindergarten to Grade 8) and high schools (Grades 9 to 12). However, in many areas, middle schools are also provided and in some schools, particularly in rural areas, the elementary and middle levels can be combined into one school. In 2003, Grade 13, also known as the Ontario Academic Credit or "OAC" year, was eliminated in Ontario; it had previously been required only for students who intended to go on to university. Children are required to attend school until
9044-499: The examinations themselves. It is comparable to British A-Levels , American SATs , the Irish Leaving Certificate and German Abitur . Most students sit for the baccalauréat général which is divided into three streams of study, called séries . The série scientifique (S) is concerned with mathematics and natural sciences , the série économique et sociale (ES) with economics and social sciences , and
9163-410: The exception of kindergarten. All aspects of public education are the responsibility of the Ministry of Education, which executes administration of schools, allocation of funding, certification of teachers and schools, and curriculum development with standardised textbooks across the country. In 2000, South Korea spent 4.2% of its GDP in education. As of the 2007 United Nations Education Index, South Korea
9282-540: The federal government authority to regulate education. However, any public or private school that accepts educational funding from the federal government, including participation in collegiate federal financial aid programs such as Pell Grants and Stafford Loans by accepting the funds or participating in a particular federal program, is subject to federal jurisdiction as a result of that participation. The U.S. Department of Education , based in Washington, D.C. , supervises
9401-415: The first known national public schools called Ju-Hak ( Korean : 주학 ; Hanja : 州學 ) were opened in each Ju and Gun, states and counties, to improve nationwide academic performances. After the ceasefire agreement for the civil war was declared, north and south states of Korea established their own education system. In South Korea , education in public schools (1–12) is compulsory with
9520-479: The goal of developing first-class education in a limited number of schools in a short period of time. The key school system was canceled by the 2006 amendment to the Compulsory Education Law, along with the introduction of reforms that address education inequality. In Hong Kong the term government schools is used for free schools funded by the government. There are also subsidised schools, which are
9639-692: The individual schools within their jurisdiction. In most states, the county or regional intermediate school districts merely implement state education policy and provide the channels through which a local district communicates with a state board of education, state superintendent, and department of education. They do not establish county or regional policies of their own. Local school districts are administered by local school boards , which operate public elementary and high schools within their boundaries. Public schools are often funded by local taxpayers, and most school boards are elected. However, some states have adopted new funding models that are not dependent upon
9758-568: The islands and mandated the establishment of a school for boys and a school for girls in every municipality. The modern public schools in the Philippines are run by the Department of Education . Some public schools collect miscellaneous school fees to fund school extra-curricular activities or to improve school equipment and services. Most of the schools in Sri Lanka are maintained by the government as
9877-496: The local economy. Public schools are provided mainly by local governments. Curricula, funding, teaching, and other policies are set through locally elected school boards by jurisdiction over school districts. The school districts are special-purpose districts authorised by provisions of state law. Generally, state governments set minimum standards relating to almost all activities of elementary and high schools, as well as funding and authorisation to enact local school taxes to support
9996-511: The majority in Hong Kong and many of which are run by religious organisations, Direct Subsidy Scheme schools, private schools and international schools in Hong Kong. Some schools are international schools, which are not subsidised by the government. During British rule, a number of state higher education establishments were set up (such as Universities in Chennai , Kolkata , and Mumbai ), but little
10115-519: The mandate for rural public schools to have a higher student-to-teacher ratio. The inequality of resources is exacerbated by the way public schools in urban areas enjoy more support since local governments have more developed economies. Aside from the disparity between urban and rural public schools, there was also the dichotomized system adopted since 1978, which divided schools into two groups: key schools ( zhongdianxiao ) and non-key schools ( putongxiao ). Key schools receive more funding due to
10234-402: The mature leaves, the young leaves are relatively soft. As the leaves age they become very hard and sharp. Cuttings can be successful, though they must be taken from erect growing shoots, as cuttings from side shoots will not grow upright. In the highly variable Australian climate, the varied timing of emergence of the seedlings maximises the possibility of at least successful replacement of
10353-471: The ministry of education bureaucracy. Bunya Pine Araucaria bidwillii , commonly known as the bunya pine ( / ˈ b ʌ n j ə / ), banya or bunya-bunya , is a large evergreen coniferous tree in the family Araucariaceae which is endemic to Australia . Its natural range is southeast Queensland with two very small, disjunct populations in northeast Queensland's World Heritage listed Wet Tropics . There are many planted specimens on
10472-403: The nuts were additionally ground and made into a paste, which was eaten directly or cooked in hot coals to make bread called manu . The nuts were also stored in the mud of running creeks, and eaten in a fermented state. This was considered a delicacy. Apart from consuming the nuts, Indigenous Australians ate bunya shoots, and utilised the tree's bark as kindling. Bunya nuts are still sold as
10591-481: The other in the Mount Lewis National Park . Today, the southeast Queensland populations exist as very small groves or single trees in its former range, except on and near the Bunya Mountains, where it is still fairly prolific, while the populations in north Queensland remain stable. The limited distribution of A. bidwillii in Australia is in part due to poor seed dispersal, and also the drying out of
10710-520: The over crowding its open nature was a cause of some concern with numerous reports to the Department of Education on it deficiencies as a classroom. In 1929 Bert Mitchell planted a Bunya pine seedling at the front of the building in honour of this son, Walter who attended the school as a 5 year old. In 1939 the school and playsheds were reported to be in bad order and the Superintendent of Works from
10829-514: The parent tree. A test of germination was carried out by Smith starting in 1999. Seeds were extracted from two mature cones collected from the same tree, a cultivated specimen at Petrie , just north of Brisbane (originally the homestead of Thomas Petrie , the son of the first European to report the species). One hundred apparently full seeds were selected and planted into 30 cm by 12 cm plastic tubes commercially filled with sterile potting mix in early February 1999. These were then placed in
10948-420: The plans for the school as being drawn up with "the strictest view to economy and consistency with the accommodation required." This accommodation provided for large classrooms with galleried seating where several classes would be taught at the same time under several teachers and pupil teachers. The Mayor of Warwick, at a ceremony attended by 2000, people laid the foundation stone on 25 June 1874. The stonework
11067-556: The proclamation was repealed in 1860 in one of the first acts of the government of the newly created Colony of Queensland . The Aboriginal people were eventually driven out of the forests and the festivals ceased. The forests were felled for timber and cleared to make way for cultivation. Indigenous groups such as the Wakawaka , Githabul , Kabi Kabi , Jarowair , Goreng goreng , Butchulla , Quandamooka , Baruŋgam , Yiman and Wulili have continued cultural and spiritual connections to
11186-429: The rear and end walls. A section has been enclosed at the western end and is used for storage. Warwick Central State School was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 6 February 2006 having satisfied the following criteria. The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history. As a substantial and early government primary school, the former Warwick West School demonstrates
11305-513: The rest in the workplace to hone their skills. Grammar schools may be run by the local authority , a foundation body or an academy trust. They select their pupils based on academic ability. The original purpose of medieval grammar schools was the teaching of Latin. Over time the curriculum was broadened, first to include Ancient Greek , and later English and other European languages, natural sciences, mathematics, history, geography, art and other subjects. In some localities children can enter
11424-587: The role of the federal government in education. Direct regulation of public, private, and parochial schools is done by state and territorial governments; schools in Washington, D.C., are regulated by the Government of the District of Columbia . Regulation of public schools is typically accomplished through a state education agency and a state department of education. There is usually a state superintendent of schools , who
11543-522: The sacred status of the bunyas, some tribes would not camp amongst these trees. Also in some regions, the tree was never to be cut. Representatives of many different groups from across southern Queensland and northern New South Wales would meet to discuss important issues relating to the environment, social relationships, politics and The Dreaming lore, feasting and sharing dance ceremonies. Many conflicts would be settled at this event, and consequences for breaches of laws were discussed. A Bunya festival
11662-545: The school and further land was added to the grounds in 1892 from the estate of Carl Brell. The Warwick West School was divided by gender, the Girls and Infants School and the Boys School being conducted in identical wings of the school separated by walls and by a dividing fence down the centre of the school grounds. This division of the sexes remained in place until 1 January 1933 when the two schools where finally amalgamated to become
11781-454: The school specialises, such as Cirencester Deer Park School which currently has 5 specialisms. State schools may request payment from parents for extracurricular activities such as swimming lessons and field trips, provided these charges are voluntary. Comprehensive schools typically describe secondary schools for pupils aged approximately 11–18, that do not select its intake on the basis of academic achievement or aptitude, in contrast to
11900-658: The schools, primarily through real property taxes. The federal government funds aid to states and school districts that meet minimum federal standards. School accreditation decisions are made by voluntary regional associations. The first free public school in America was the Syms-Eaton Academy (1634) in Hampton, Virginia , and the first tax-supported public school in America was in Dedham, Massachusetts , founded by Rev. Ralph Wheelock . In
12019-471: The second school in Warwick, but one of the earliest State-run schools in Queensland. Education in Australia was first provided by Churches and by small private concerns. In 1848 a New South Wales Board of National Education was formed to provide public, secular education through National Schools. When Queensland separated from New South Wales in December 1859, two National Schools had been built in Queensland,
12138-437: The seeds develop to form an underground tuber from which the aerial shoot later emerges. The actual emergence of the seed is then known to occur over several years presumably as a strategy to allow the seedlings to emerge under optimum climatic conditions or, it has been suggested, to avoid fire. This erratic germination has been one of the main problems in silviculture of the species. A problem in small forestry plantations of
12257-410: The single sex schools amalgamated. The ceiling in the main building is lined with pressed metal. Modern stained glass windows have recently been inserted into the lancet windows on the northern wall of the library wing. One of the original playground shelter shed remains on the southern side of the grounds. It is timber framed with a gabled roof clad in corrugated iron. Walls to the lower half screen
12376-417: The soundboards of its BG808CL Performer acoustic guitars. The Cole Clark company (also Australian) uses bunya for the majority of its acoustic guitar soundboards. The timber is valued by cabinet makers and woodworkers, and has been used for that purpose for over a century. However, its most popular use is as a ' bushfood ' by indigenous foods enthusiasts. A huge variety of home-invented recipes now exists for
12495-442: The southern wing currently used for school administration. The northern wing houses the library and the western wing is divided into two rooms currently used for music and storage rooms. The administration wing is lined with fibrous cemented sheeting and contains an office and staff room. The Library is open planned and the rooms in the western wing retain the original spaces though the dividing walls have been removed, presumably when
12614-559: The term "Christian school" is generally used to refer to schools operated by Evangelical, Pentecostal, Charismatic, or fundamentalist Christian churches. The role of the U.S. federal government in education is limited and indirect. Direct control of education is a power reserved to the states under the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution because the U.S. Constitution does not explicitly or implicitly give
12733-792: The term public schools ( escuelas públicas in Spanish , escolas públicas in Portuguese ) is used for educational institutions owned by the federal, state, or city governments which do not charge tuition. Such schools exist in all levels of education, from the very beginning through post-secondary studies. Mexico has nine years of free and compulsory primary and secondary education. Panama has 11 years of compulsory education, from pre-kindergarten to 9th grade, with children first entering at four or five years old and parents are required by law to give financial support to their children until they are 25 years old if they are studying. Education in Argentina
12852-461: The trading of goods. In what was probably Australia's largest Indigenous event, diverse tribes – up to thousands of people – once travelled great distances (from as far as Charleville , Bundaberg , Dubbo and Grafton ) to the gatherings. They stayed for months, to celebrate and feast on the bunya nut. The bunya gatherings were an armistice accompanied by much trade exchange, and discussions and negotiations over marriage and regional issues. Due to
12971-399: The tree a very distinctive egg-shaped silhouette. The leaves are small and rigid with a sharp tip which can easily penetrate the skin. They are narrowly triangular, broad at the base and sessile (without a stem). They measure up to 5 cm (2.0 in) long by 1 cm (0.4 in) wide with fine longitudinal venation, glossy green above and paler underneath. The leaf arrangement
13090-481: The upper Stanley and Brisbane Rivers , Sunshine Coast hinterland (especially the Blackall Range and Maleny ), and also towards and on the Bunya Mountains. Two more natural, but very small and very isolated, populations of the species occur approximately 1,500 km (930 mi) to the north, in the wet tropics region of northeastern Queensland – one close to Cannabullen Falls on the Atherton Tableland , and
13209-624: The world. Western education became ingrained into Indian society with the establishment of the British Raj. Education in Indonesia is overseen by two government ministries: the Ministry of Education and Culture for all education matters up to the tertiary education, and the Ministry of Religious Affairs for Islamic school matters up to the tertiary education. Education may be obtained from state schools, private schools , or through homeschooling . There
13328-634: Was contracted to John McCulloch at a cost of £1055. John Keleher carried out the timber structures and joinery. The roof was originally shingled. It was completed by the end of March 1875 and was known as the Warwick Central School, the Warwick National School being renamed the Warwick East School. A dividing fence was constructed in the following year to separate the girls' and boys' sections. Architect Richard Gailey , reporting to
13447-419: Was converted to convert to administrative use, a library and music rooms. The former West Warwick School is set in well kept gardens with the main entrance facing Guy Street. The original school is a single story building, T-shaped in plan and constructed from brown sandstone blocks. The gabled roof is clad in corrugated iron sheeting and is set with pairs of dormer windows on each side of the roof. Each dormer
13566-446: Was described by the English botanist William Jackson Hooker in 1843, based on material collected in the "Mount Brisbane range of hills, 70 miles N.W. of Moreton Bay" by John Carne Bidwill in 1842. Hooker states in his paper that Bidwill took "not only branches and cones and male flowers, but also a healthy young living plant" to England where Hooker set about describing the new species, and his paper (titled "Figure and description of
13685-534: Was done by the British in terms of primary and secondary schooling. Other indigenous forms of education are being revived in various ways across India. According to current estimates, 80% of all Indian schools are government schools making the government the major provider of education. However, because of the poor quality of public education, 27% of Indian children are privately educated. According to some research, private schools often provide superior educational results at
13804-536: Was modelled after the public education systems of the Song and Tang Dynasties in China. Hak-Je involved operating national universities, called Gukjagam in the capital and called HyangAk in other regions. In King SeongJong Year 6, 987 A.D., a pair of a medical doctor and a scholarly doctor were appointed to administer academic systems and curriculums at Hyang-Ak: scholarly education included subjects of geography, history, math, law, and others. In King SeongJong Year 11, 992 A.D.,
13923-441: Was no longer centrally located. In 1873 subscriptions were opened for a new school. In August, three lots of land on the corner of Guy and Percy Streets were purchased from George Clark of East Talgai for £150. The firm of Suter and Voysey submitted plans to the Board of Education on 20 September 1873 at a proposed cost of £1800. Architect Benjamin Backhouse employed Richard George Suter in 1865. In 1864 Backhouse had prepared
14042-497: Was ranked eighth in the world. Education in Malaysia is overseen by two government ministries: the Ministry of Education for matters up to the secondary level, and the Ministry of Higher Education for tertiary education. Although education is the responsibility of the federal government, each state has an Education Department to help co-ordinate educational matters in their respective states. The main legislation governing education
14161-602: Was recorded by Thomas Petrie (1831–1910), who went with the Aboriginal people of Brisbane at the age of 14 to the festival at the Bunya Range (now the Blackall Range in the hinterland area of the Sunshine Coast). His daughter, Constance Petrie, put down his stories in which he said that the trees fruited at three-year intervals. The three-year interval may not be correct. Ludwig Leichhardt wrote in 1844 of his expedition to
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