A television station is a set of equipment managed by a business, organisation or other entity such as an amateur television (ATV) operator, that transmits video content and audio content via radio waves directly from a transmitter on the earth's surface to any number of tuned receivers simultaneously.
60-671: WTVD (channel 11) is a television station licensed to Durham, North Carolina , United States, serving as the ABC outlet for the Research Triangle area. Owned and operated by the network's ABC Owned Television Stations division, it maintains business offices and master control facilities on Liberty Street in downtown Durham, with newscasts originating from studios on Fayetteville Street in downtown Raleigh , as well as news bureaus in Chapel Hill and Fayetteville . The station's transmitter
120-747: A barter in some cases. National Educational Television National Educational Television ( NET ) is a former American educational broadcast television network owned by the Ford Foundation and later co-owned by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting . It operated from May 16, 1954, to October 4, 1970, and was succeeded by the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS), which has memberships with many television stations that were formerly part of NET. The Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) provided funds for cataloging
180-403: A "network". It put together a weekly five-hour package of television programs , distributing them primarily on kinescope film to the affiliated stations by mail. By 1956, ETRC had 22 affiliated stations, expected to grow to 26 by March 1957. The programming was noted for treating subjects in depth, including hour-long interviews with people of literary and historical importance. The programming
240-529: A black-and-white film of " The Star-Spangled Banner ", followed by You Bet Your Life . It was originally a primary NBC affiliate, with secondary ABC and CBS affiliations. Channel 11 is the Triangle's oldest surviving television station, having signed on a few months after CBS affiliate WNAO-TV (channel 28). The station's initial studios were located in a former tuberculosis sanitorium at Broad Street in Durham, with
300-571: A full hour and a half of The National Desk will fill the 10 p.m. to 11:30 p.m. time slot on WLFL, leaving once again WRAZ as the only local station showing news at 10 pm. On September 11, 2023, WTVD, along with sister stations WABC-TV and WPVI-TV, launched an additional hour-long newscast at 10 a.m. which took over the time slot previously occupied by Tamron Hall . The newscast is co-anchored by John Clark and Barbara Gibbs with meteorologist Kwielyn Murphy. The broadcast will continue to deliver news in
360-402: A grant from the Ford Foundation 's Fund for Adult Education (FAE). It was originally a limited service for exchanging and distributing educational television programs produced by local television stations to other stations; it did not produce any material by itself. In the spring of 1954, ETRC moved its operations to Ann Arbor , Michigan , and on May 16 of that year, it began operating as
420-415: A much shorter wavelength, and thus requires a shorter antenna, but also higher power. North American stations can go up to 5000 kW ERP for video and 500 kW audio, or 1000 kW digital. Low channels travel further than high ones at the same power, but UHF does not suffer from as much electromagnetic interference and background "noise" as VHF, making it much more desirable for TV. Despite this, in
480-643: A then-CBS affiliate, WTVD aired the Wolfpack men's basketball team 's upset of the Houston Cougars in the 1983 NCAA Division I men's basketball championship game . WTVD also aired select Carolina Hurricanes NHL games through the NHL on ABC from 2000 to 2004, and since 2021. WTVD presently broadcasts 48 hours of locally produced newscasts each week (with 7 + 1 ⁄ 2 hours each weekday, 4 + 1 ⁄ 2 hours on Saturdays and six hours on Sundays); in regard to
540-411: A traditional format, and will also allow more focus to be placed on local newsmakers, and further discussion on topics addressed on Good Morning America and Live with Kelly and Mark . The station's signal is multiplexed : WTVD discontinued regular programming on its analog signal, over VHF channel 11, at 12:30 p.m. on June 12, 2009, the official date on which full-power television stations in
600-573: A transmitter located atop Signal Hill in northern Durham County . WRAL-TV (channel 5), based in Raleigh and locally owned by the Capitol Broadcasting Company , debuted in December 1956 and took over as the Triangle's NBC affiliate, leaving channel 11 with only ABC. WNAO-TV ceased operations at the end of 1957 due to financial difficulties, and CBS moved its primary affiliation to WTVD. During
660-425: A variety of ways to generate revenue from television commercials . They may be an independent station or part of a broadcasting network , or some other structure. They can produce some or all of their programs or buy some broadcast syndication programming for or all of it from other stations or independent production companies. Many stations have some sort of television studio , which on major-network stations
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#1732891309290720-539: A year later cited the pilot's decision to continue the flight despite a known engine problem. On April 30, 2000, a dispute between Disney and Time Warner Cable forced WTVD off cable systems within the Raleigh–Durham–Fayetteville market for over 24 hours during the May sweeps period. Other ABC stations in markets served by Time Warner Cable, such as New York City , Los Angeles and Houston , were also affected by
780-496: Is non-commercial educational (NCE) and considered public broadcasting . To avoid concentration of media ownership of television stations, government regulations in most countries generally limit the ownership of television stations by television networks or other media operators, but these regulations vary considerably. Some countries have set up nationwide television networks, in which individual television stations act as mere repeaters of nationwide programs . In those countries,
840-470: Is broadcast via terrestrial radio waves. A group of television stations with common ownership or affiliation are known as a TV network and an individual station within the network is referred to as O&O or affiliate , respectively. Because television station signals use the electromagnetic spectrum, which in the past has been a common, scarce resource, governments often claim authority to regulate them. Broadcast television systems standards vary around
900-632: Is located in Auburn, North Carolina . On-air branding uses ABC 11 as a station identifier, with the call letters taking a secondary role. In 1952, two rival companies each applied for a construction permit to build a television station in Durham on the city's newly allotted VHF channel 11—Herald-Sun Newspapers (publishers of the Durham Morning Herald and the Durham Sun as well as the owners of radio station WDNC ) and Floyd Fletcher and Harmon Duncan,
960-641: Is now affiliated with MyNetworkTV ). In 1978, WTVD attempted to expand its broadcast coverage to the Fayetteville area, which had been without a television station of its own for nearly two decades. Its studios were relocated to their current location on Liberty Street in downtown Durham on a parcel of land it shares with the Durham County Library; it also built its current 2,000-foot (610 m) tower in Auburn. A fire on March 4, 1979, caused extensive damage to
1020-792: Is often used for newscasts or other local programming . There is usually a news department , where journalists gather information. There is also a section where electronic news-gathering (ENG) operations are based, receiving remote broadcasts via remote pickup unit or satellite TV . Outside broadcasting vans, production trucks , or SUVs with electronic field production (EFP) equipment are sent out with reporters , who may also bring back news stories on video tape rather than sending them back live . To keep pace with technology United States television stations have been replacing operators with broadcast automation systems to increase profits in recent years. Some stations (known as repeaters or translators ) only simulcast another, usually
1080-410: Is still one of the strongest ABC stations in the country. As with ABC's other owned-and-operated stations, WTVD features forecasts provided by AccuWeather for the weather segments of its newscasts. It operates its own weather radar , called "First Alert Doppler XP", at its transmitter site in Auburn. WTVD has a fleet of regular news vans and trucks as well as a yellow Toyota FJ Cruiser which carries
1140-581: Is what NET would have been reduced to. The Ford Foundation, interested Educational Television Stations , and President Johnson supported the recommendations of the Carnegie Commission in the Public Broadcasting Act, which was signed into law on November 7, 1967. The Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS ) began as an entity in November 1969, with NET continuing to produce several programs and to be
1200-636: The BBC into the United States, starting with An Age of Kings in 1961. It increased its programming output to ten hours a week. Most NETRC network programs were produced by the affiliate stations because the NETRC had no production staff or facilities of its own. NETRC also contracted programs from independent producers and acquired foreign material from countries like Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, Yugoslavia,
1260-601: The Carnegie Foundation to conduct a study on the future of educational television. The Carnegie Commission released its report in 1967, recommending educational television be transformed into " public television ". The new organization would be controlled by the nonprofit Corporation for Public Broadcasting (a corporation established by the federal government ) and receive funding from the government and other sources. Under this plan, funds were to be distributed to individual stations and independent production centers – which
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#17328913092901320-824: The Roanoke market in Virginia . On DirecTV , WTVD has been carried in Alamance County , which is within the Greensboro market. In the 1970s and 1980s through CATV, WTVD was once carried as far east as Wilmington and as far west as Mount Airy . WTVD was also carried on cable in Brunswick County , Greenville , Williamston , Emporia, Virginia , and Bennettsville, South Carolina . Television station The Fernsehsender Paul Nipkow ( TV Station Paul Nipkow ) in Berlin , Germany ,
1380-405: The broadcast range , or geographic area, that the station is limited to, allocates the broadcast frequency of the radio spectrum for that station's transmissions, sets limits on what types of television programs can be programmed for broadcast and requires a station to broadcast a minimum amount of certain programs types, such as public affairs messages . Another form of television station
1440-534: The electricity bill and emergency backup generators . In North America , full-power stations on band I (channels 2 to 6) are generally limited to 100 kW analog video ( VSB ) and 10 kW analog audio ( FM ), or 45 kW digital ( 8VSB ) ERP. Stations on band III (channels 7 to 13) can go up by 5 dB to 316 kW video, 31.6 kW audio, or 160 kW digital. Low-VHF stations are often subject to long-distance reception just as with FM. There are no stations on Channel 1 . UHF , by comparison, has
1500-476: The 1953 20th Century Fox film Taxi for a fictional television station appearing in the movie. At the time, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) allowed unassigned call letters to be used in fictional works for an exclusive two-year period, making them unavailable for actual broadcast use. Ten months after being granted its permit, on September 2, 1954, WTVD began broadcasting with
1560-485: The 1980s and 1990s, Miriam Thomas, abruptly left WTVD after nineteen years in November 2001. Notable former members of WTVD's news staff include musicians John Tesh and John D. Loudermilk , as well as former Good Morning America co-host David Hartman , ESPN personality Stuart Scott , and Nightline host Byron Pitts . From 1973 to 1984, WTVD used the Eyewitness News brand for its newscasts, though its format
1620-620: The NET collection, and as part of an on-going preservation effort with the Library of Congress , over 10,000 digitized television programs from the non-commercial TV stations and producers spanning 20 years from 1952 to 1972 have been contributed to the American Archive of Public Broadcasting . The network was founded as the Educational Television and Radio Center ( ETRC ) in November 1952 by
1680-478: The Triangle behind WRAL and the eighth ABC-owned station to begin broadcasting its local newscasts in high definition . The primetime news on WLFL was included in the upgrade. WTVD debuted an hour-long 4 p.m. newscast on May 26, 2011, to fill the void left by The Oprah Winfrey Show , whose long run in that time slot came to an end a day earlier. On June 27, 2022, it was announced on WLFL's social media accounts that WTVD would no longer produce newscasts for WLFL and
1740-552: The U.S., the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is taking another large portion of this band (channels 52 to 69) away, in contrast to the rest of the world, which has been taking VHF instead. This means that some stations left on VHF are harder to receive after the analog shutdown . Since at least 1974, there are no stations on channel 37 in North America for radio astronomy purposes. Most television stations are commercial broadcasting enterprises which are structured in
1800-648: The USSR, France, Italy, and West Germany. Starting from 1962, the federal government took over the FAE's grants-in-aid program through the Education Television Facilities Act. In November 1963 NETRC changed its name to National Educational Television , and spun off its radio assets. Under the centerpiece program NET Journal , which began airing in the fall of 1966, NET began to air controversial, hard-hitting documentaries that explored numerous social issues of
1860-538: The United States transitioned from analog to digital broadcasts under federal mandate. The station's digital signal relocated from its pre-transition UHF channel 52, which was among the high band UHF channels (52–69) that were removed from broadcasting use as a result of the transition, to its analog-era VHF channel 11. On September 23, 2009, the station filed an application to the FCC to increase its effective radiated power from 20.7 to 45 kilowatts. Effective June 30, 2020, under
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1920-462: The controversial News Central format on its stations and shut down WLFL's established in-house news department. This newscast ran directly against the WRAL-produced 10 p.m. newscast on WRAZ (channel 50). On September 17, concurrent with WLFL's affiliation switch to The CW, the newscast changed its name to reflect its new affiliation. On April 21, 2008, WTVD became the second television station in
1980-505: The country. On September 2, 2010, Disney and Time Warner Cable reached a long-term agreement to keep the Disney family of channels on its systems. On August 31, 2023, Disney removed all of its channels, including WTVD, two other ABC-owned stations, and the ESPN networks, from Spectrum cable systems due to a carriage dispute, its first with the provider since 2010 when its predecessor, Time Warner Cable,
2040-456: The day such as poverty and racism . While praised by critics, some affiliates, especially those in politically and culturally conservative markets, objected to the perceived liberal slant of the programming. Another NET produced program begun in 1967, Public Broadcast Laboratory , produced similar complaints. In 1966, NET's position as a combined network and production center came into question when President Lyndon Johnson arranged for
2100-456: The entire Raleigh–Durham–Fayetteville market; at the time this was the tallest man-made structure in the U.S. That same year, the station first began broadcasting network programs in color, although it would not be until 1966 before the same was true for local programming. After WRAL-TV took the ABC affiliation full-time in 1962, WTVD was forced to shoehorn CBS and NBC programming onto its schedule. This
2160-420: The highest point available in the transmission area, such as on a summit , the top of a high skyscraper , or on a tall radio tower . To get a signal from the master control room to the transmitter, a studio/transmitter link (STL) is used. The link can be either by radio or T1 / E1 . A transmitter/studio link (TSL) may also send telemetry back to the station, but this may be embedded in subcarriers of
2220-592: The late 1950s, the station was also briefly affiliated with the NTA Film Network . On May 22, 1957, the station's original owners sold their interest in WTVD to Albany, New York -based Hudson Valley Broadcasting Company, owners of WCDA-TV (now WTEN ), to form Capital Cities Television Corporation (predecessor of Capital Cities Communications ). Around 1958, WTVD built a 1,549-foot (472 m) tower at its present transmitter site in Auburn to increase its signal coverage for
2280-400: The local television station has no station identification and, from a consumer's point of view, there is no practical distinction between a network and a station, with only small regional changes in programming, such as local television news . To broadcast its programs, a television station requires operators to operate equipment, a transmitter or radio antenna , which is often located at
2340-419: The main broadcast. Stations which retransmit or simulcast another may simply pick-up that station over-the-air , or via STL or satellite. The license usually specifies which other station it is allowed to carry. VHF stations often have very tall antennas due to their long wavelength , but require much less effective radiated power (ERP), and therefore use much less transmitter power output , also saving on
2400-459: The main source of the controversies surrounding NET. Instead, local stations and outside suppliers would provide programming for the system, a model that endures to this day with PBS. In early 1970, both Ford and the CPB threatened to cut NET's funding unless NET merged its operations with New York City-area affiliate WNDT . NET agreed to do so. WNDT's call sign was changed to WNET on October 1, 1970, as
2460-551: The market got a third commercial station six years later when a new channel 28 signed on as WRDU-TV (now WRDC ), WTVD continued to "cherry pick" the most popular CBS and NBC programs for another three years, leaving WRDU with the lower-rated shows from both networks as well as NBC's news programming. In 1971 the FCC, intervening on behalf of WRDU's owners and in the interest of protecting the development of UHF, ordered WTVD to select one network. Channel 11 decided to go with CBS full-time, allowing WRDU to become an exclusive NBC station (it
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2520-478: The name "Breaking News One". WTVD also has a helicopter for newsgathering, which it refers to as "Chopper 11 HD". WTVD has also begun to implement a drone for newsgathering, which it dubs as "Drone 11". Principal anchor Larry Stogner began working with station in 1976 and served as weeknight anchor from 1982 to 2015. On January 23, he announced his retirement after being diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; he died on October 3, 2016. His co-anchor for much of
2580-406: The name of the network. NET's production of NET Journal and Public Broadcast Laboratory continued to be liabilities amid accusations of partisanship funded by the government. Eventually, Ford and the CPB decided to shut NET down, to be replaced by PBS as the network distributing programming to stations, but, unlike NET, it was not directly involved in production matters, which had been perceived as
2640-408: The newly built studio building; however, the newsroom and a number of other key components had been rebuilt within a month. By that time, much of WTVD's operations had returned to normal, although it had resorted to temporary setups during the interim such as holding the newscasts in one of the meeting rooms that survived the fire unscathed. On March 18, 1985, WTVD's owner, Capital Cities, announced it
2700-496: The night of December 6, 1991, a helicopter carrying a pilot and three WTVD employees from a high school football game in Wilmington, North Carolina crashed when an engine bearing seized, killing three of the four people on board. Sports reporter Tony Debo, the only survivor, suffered a broken ankle; he was thrown free of the crash when his improperly installed seatbelt failed. The National Transportation Safety Board report published
2760-620: The number of hours devoted to news programming, it is the highest local newscast output of any television station in the Research Triangle market. For most of the last four decades, WTVD has been a solid second in ratings across the market, behind WRAL. This is in contrast to most of its ABC stablemates (including sister stations WPVI-TV in Philadelphia and KFSN-TV in Fresno, California ), which dominate their markets' news ratings. However, WTVD
2820-441: The outage as well before the FCC forced TWC to restore service to those areas on May 2. In July 2010, Disney announced that it was involved in another carriage dispute with Time Warner Cable which involved four ABC owned-and-operated stations (including WTVD), Disney Channel and the networks of ESPN . If a deal was not in place, the entire Disney cluster would have been removed from Time Warner and Bright House cable systems across
2880-676: The passage of the All-Channel Receiver Act in 1961, but the available UHF frequencies were not thought to be nearly strong enough to cover a market that stretched from Chapel Hill in the west to Goldsboro in the east. This situation was similar to that of WAPI-TV (now WVTM-TV ) in Birmingham, Alabama . However, unlike WAPI-TV, WTVD managed to find room for The Ed Sullivan Show , the CBS Evening News with Walter Cronkite and The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson . Although
2940-476: The programmes seen on its owner's flagship station, and have no television studio or production facilities of their own. This is common in developing countries . Low-power stations typically also fall into this category worldwide. Most stations which are not simulcast produce their own station identifications . TV stations may also advertise on or provide weather (or news) services to local radio stations , particularly co-owned sister stations . This may be
3000-518: The provisions of the FCC's spectrum reallocation program, WTVD's transmissions moved to channel 9, while continuing to display virtual channel 11. In recent years, WTVD has been carried on cable in multiple areas outside of the Raleigh–Durham–Fayetteville media market . That includes cable systems within the Greensboro , Greenville , Myrtle Beach , and Wilmington markets in North Carolina, and
3060-474: The television industry as "bicycling"). The center's headquarters moved from Ann Arbor to New York City in 1958, and the organization became known as the National Educational Television and Radio Center ( NETRC ). The center became more aggressive at this time, aiming to ascend to the role of the U.S.' fourth television network . Among its efforts, the network began importing programs from
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#17328913092903120-431: The then-owners of WTIK radio. In December 1953, the two sides agreed to join forces and operate the station under the joint banner Durham Broadcasting Enterprises. Originally christened with the "WTIK-TV" call letters, the station had to make a name change after the partners sold WTIK radio as a condition of the permit grant. Ownership chose WTVD and was granted the change, but they had to wait—the call sign had been used in
3180-399: The world. Television stations broadcasting over an analog system were typically limited to one television channel , but digital television enables broadcasting via subchannels as well. Television stations usually require a broadcast license from a government agency which sets the requirements and limitations on the station. In the United States, for example, a television license defines
3240-473: Was a very unusual arrangement for what was then a two-station market. The Triangle was, at least on paper, big enough even then to support three full network affiliates. However, the only other VHF license in the market, channel 4, had already been taken by National Educational Television outlet WUNC-TV . UHF TV broadcasting was not considered viable at the time. Not only were television manufacturers not required to include UHF tuning capability until 1964, with
3300-524: Was also noted for being dry and academic, with little consideration given to entertainment value, a marked contrast to commercial television . Many of the shows were designed as adult education, and ETRC was nicknamed the "University of the Air" (or, less kindly, "The Bicycle Network", both for its low budget and for the way NET supposedly sent programs to its affiliates, by distributing its program films and videotapes via non-electronic means such as by mail, termed in
3360-677: Was among the last stations to use the Cool Hand Luke "Tar Sequence" theme in its broadcasts (which was also used on WRAL for a period in the 1970s). However, the station debuted the theme soon after the Capital Cities/ABC merger and retired it in 1993. Like sister stations WABC, KABC, and KGO-TV , the theme was used only in the opens. On June 26, 2006, WTVD debuted a new primetime newscast for WB (now CW ) affiliate WLFL (channel 22) entitled Eyewitness News at 10 on WB 22 . This happened after WLFL's owner, Sinclair Broadcast Group , ended
3420-590: Was involved in a dispute with Disney. On September 11, 2023, the stations and their sister cable channels were restored by Charter Communications (the parent company of Spectrum) after the company and Disney reached an agreement. WTVD airs select college football games from the North Carolina Tar Heels , the Duke Blue Devils and the NC State Wolfpack through ESPN College Football on ABC . As
3480-504: Was purchasing ABC. Five months later, on August 4, 1985, WTVD traded networks with WRAL-TV and became an ABC affiliate. At that time, WTVD and WRAL-TV joined the small list of stations in the country that have held primary affiliations with all of the "Big Three" networks. The transaction was finalized on January 3, 1986, making WTVD an ABC owned-and-operated station , the first network-owned television station in North Carolina. In 1996, The Walt Disney Company acquired Capital Cities/ABC. On
3540-674: Was the first regular television service in the world. It was on the air from 22 March 1935, until it was shut down in 1944. The station was named after Paul Gottlieb Nipkow , the inventor of the Nipkow disk . Most often the term "television station" refers to a station which broadcasts structured content to an audience or it refers to the organization that operates the station. A terrestrial television transmission can occur via analog television signals or, more recently, via digital television signals. Television stations are differentiated from cable television or other video providers as their content
3600-766: Was very similar to the Action News format pioneered by sister station WPVI-TV in Philadelphia. The arrangement was similar to those used at WKBW-TV in Buffalo, New York , and KFSN-TV. For a time, all three stations used the same theme song, " Move Closer to Your World ", and a nearly identical opening sequence. WRAL was also using the Action News brand during that time period. It called its newscasts simply WTVD 11 News from 1984 to 1993. WTVD called itself NewsChannel 11 from 1993 to 2000, when it changed back to Eyewitness News . WTVD
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