Misplaced Pages

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44-697: By day, WROW transmits 5,000 watts , but to avoid interfering with other stations on 590 AM , it reduces power at night to 1,000 watts and uses a directional antenna . Its four- tower array is on Weisheit Road in Glenmont , near the New York State Thruway . WROW is also heard on FM translator W263CG at 100.5 MHz and on WENU 1410 AM (which itself has a translator on 96.9 FM) in South Glens Falls . On September 30, 1947, WROW first signed on . A startup company, Hudson Valley Broadcasting, acquired

88-546: A light bulb with a power rating of 100 W is turned on for one hour, the energy used is 100 watt hours (W·h), 0.1 kilowatt hour, or 360  kJ . This same amount of energy would light a 40-watt bulb for 2.5 hours, or a 50-watt bulb for 2 hours. Power stations are rated using units of power, typically megawatts or gigawatts (for example, the Three Gorges Dam in China is rated at approximately 22 gigawatts). This reflects

132-534: A good idea on paper, the news format had low ratings and was a high expense format. In 1996, the station flipped to a full-time talk format. A slow starter at first, the arrival in 1997 of former WQBK host and program director Paul Vandenburgh helped improve ratings and made WROW a formidable second talk station next to talk leader WGY 810 AM . In 2007, WROW began overhauling its programming. Vandenburgh left WROW in October 2007 to become part-owner of WGDJ 1300 AM ,

176-403: A local swap and trade show . The station also features local news most hours on weekdays, with national updates from Townhall Radio News . Traffic and weather reports are presented by Spectrum News 1 Capital Region . On December 3, 1961, WEEE first signed on as a 5,000- watt daytimer radio station. The 1300 kHz frequency allocation was created for another station that was forced off

220-469: A period of one year: equivalent to approximately 114 megawatts of constant power output. The watt-second is a unit of energy, equal to the joule . One kilowatt hour is 3,600,000 watt seconds. While a watt per hour is a unit of rate of change of power with time, it is not correct to refer to a watt (or watt-hour) as a watt per hour. WGDJ (AM) WGDJ (1300 AM ) is a commercial radio station licensed to Rensselaer, New York , and serving

264-571: A sports play-by-play contract with the Albany River Rats ice hockey team, and that continued after the format change. Siena College men's basketball was once carried on the station, but moved to WGDJ in 2009. In the past, WROW has aired other daily syndicated shows including Brian and the Judge (and its predecessor hosted by Tony Snow ), Laura Ingraham , and a simulcast of the WFAN -based Mike and

308-605: A station on WQBK's former frequency. Leaving along with Vandenburgh to go to WGDJ were the Live from the Capitol report with Fred Dicker and a weekly interview show with Albany Mayor Jerry Jennings . Mike and the Mad Dog , which had aired as WROW's afternoon show as a simulcast with 660 WFAN in New York City , was dropped at this time as well. As a talk station, WROW's local morning show

352-535: A turbine, which generates 648 MW e (i.e. electricity). Other SI prefixes are sometimes used, for example gigawatt electrical (GW e ). The International Bureau of Weights and Measures , which maintains the SI-standard, states that further information about a quantity should not be attached to the unit symbol but instead to the quantity symbol (e.g., P th = 270 W rather than P = 270 W th ) and so these unit symbols are non-SI. In compliance with SI,

396-486: A unit of time, namely 1 J/s. In this new definition, 1 absolute watt = 1.00019 international watts. Texts written before 1948 are likely to be using the international watt, which implies caution when comparing numerical values from this period with the post-1948 watt. In 1960, the 11th General Conference on Weights and Measures adopted the absolute watt into the International System of Units (SI) as

440-488: Is considered the longest running radio talk program in The Capital District. In afternoons, Jack Chatham hosts a local talk program. The rest of the weekday schedule is nationally syndicated conservative talk shows, including Mark Levin , Brian Kilmeade , Dan Bongino , Guy Benson , Rich Valdes, Red Eye Radio and First Light . Weekends feature shows on money, law, guns, home repair, car repair as well as

484-700: Is named after the Scottish inventor James Watt . The unit name was proposed by C. William Siemens in August 1882 in his President's Address to the Fifty-Second Congress of the British Association for the Advancement of Science . Noting that units in the practical system of units were named after leading physicists, Siemens proposed that watt might be an appropriate name for a unit of power. Siemens defined

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528-523: Is the rate at which electrical work is performed when a current of one ampere (A) flows across an electrical potential difference of one volt (V), meaning the watt is equivalent to the volt-ampere (the latter unit, however, is used for a different quantity from the real power of an electrical circuit). 1   W = 1   V ⋅ A . {\displaystyle \mathrm {1~W=1~V{\cdot }A} .} Two additional unit conversions for watt can be found using

572-467: Is the unit of power or radiant flux in the International System of Units (SI), equal to 1 joule per second or 1 kg⋅m ⋅s . It is used to quantify the rate of energy transfer . The watt is named in honor of James Watt (1736–1819), an 18th-century Scottish inventor , mechanical engineer , and chemist who improved the Newcomen engine with his own steam engine in 1776. Watt's invention

616-626: The American Hockey League 's Albany River Rats began airing their games on WTMM in 2006. Regent's moved a new FM station on 105.7 MHz into the Albany market, sparking a realignment of its stations. With the new signal taking WABT's format, WTMM's all-sports format was moved to WABT's former home at 104.5 MHz . Prior to this move, Regent entered a deal with Greenstone Media to air that company's female-targeted talk radio programs, and in January 2007

660-539: The Capital District . It airs a talk radio format and is owned and operated by Capital Broadcasting, Inc. The transmitter is off River Road ( New York State Route 9J ) in Rensselaer. Programming is also heard in Albany and Rensselaer on 80- watt FM translator W254DA at 98.7 MHz . WGDJ features local talk hosts in morning and afternoon drive times . Weekdays begin with "The Paul Vandenburgh Show". It

704-627: The New York Mets baseball and New England Patriots football teams for the 2018 season. The Mets were slated to move to WKLI-FM in 2019. However this did not come to pass due to network realignments, and the Patriots also left in 2019, leaving the Albany metro area without radio coverage of either team. On January 3, 2019, WROW began simulcasting its format on sister station WENU 1410 AM in South Glens Falls , also heard on WENU's FM translator at 96.9 FM. Watt The watt (symbol: W )

748-587: The Capital Cities Television Corporation, as Albany is the capital city of New York State . In 1960, the name was changed to Capital Cities Broadcasting, to reflect its increasing radio holdings, including WROW. (WROW is historically notable for being the first station owned by Capital Cities Communications , which in 1985 purchased the American Broadcasting Company , becoming one of the largest media companies in existence at

792-540: The Capital District. With the exception of upstart WWCN from 1985 to 1987, WQBK was the only full-time talk radio station in the Albany area until WGY and WPTR (later WDCD , now defunct) moved to that format in the late 1990s. WQBK was the first talk station for Tom Leykis early in his career before he left for Miami. Also, market veterans Paul Vandenburgh (later of WROW , and current morning host at WGDJ) and Tom Mailey (who went on to WRGB ) began their careers at

836-510: The FM station its own separate format, progressive rock . With the FM station doing its own programming, People Communication moved WQBK to a full-time talk format, using news from United Press International . Then, in 1981, WQBK became a full-time station with 5,000 watts of nighttime power. Now able to stay on the air after sunset, WQBK became the New York Yankees radio network affiliate for

880-463: The Mad Dog . Past local programming has included "Afternoon Drive with Sherman Baldwin," "Live from the State Capitol," now heard on WGDJ, " The Mark Williams Show ," and "The Scotto Show," hosted by Scott Allen Miller . WROW ended the talk format on February 8, 2010, citing the difficulty of competing with WGDJ and WGY. The station then adopted its current format, which was moved from WKLI-FM, and

924-482: The WCBI call sign, and on February 14, 2008, the station instead changed its call letters to WGDJ. The call sign's origins are disputed. Claims have been made to it being the initials of former Albany Mayor Gerald D. Jennings , who had a regularly scheduled program on the station. However, sources at the station say it is actually the initials of the owner's children. In November 2009, WGDJ boosted its power to 10,000 watts in

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968-597: The WROW stations soon ended up in the hands of Radio Terrace, owners of WLNA and WHUD in Peekskill a month later. The aging demographics of the easy listening format led to a split in programming for WROW-AM-FM in 1991, with WROW-AM keeping the easy listening sound. In 1993, the WROW stations were bought by Albany Broadcasting, which soon made changes to both stations. In February 1994, WROW flipped to an all-news format by day with talk programming nights and weekends. Though

1012-467: The above equation and Ohm's law . 1   W = 1   V 2 / Ω = 1   A 2 ⋅ Ω , {\displaystyle \mathrm {1~W=1~V^{2}/\Omega =1~A^{2}{\cdot }\Omega } ,} where ohm ( Ω {\displaystyle \Omega } ) is the SI derived unit of electrical resistance . The watt

1056-589: The air a year earlier, 1280 WRSA in nearby Saratoga Springs . WEEE played country music , but always had trouble competing against more powerful and popular WOKO (now WOPG ), the leading country station in the market. In 1970, WEEE was bought by People Communication and became WQBK, initially switching to a Top 40 sound, then trying a middle of the road . On December 1, 1972, an FM sister station signed on, WQBK-FM at 103.9 MHz, which mostly simulcast AM 1300, allowing listeners to hear WQBK day and night. After several years, People Communication decided to give

1100-529: The daytime and 8,000 watts at night. Also in 2009, Siena College began broadcasting its men's basketball games on WGDJ. On February 7, 2013, WGDJ announced that former House of Representatives member John E. Sweeney would host a show on the station. After local outcry and criticism against the station for employing Sweeney, Sweeney would quit the show two weeks later, citing schedule conflicts. In March 2018, WGDJ added The Mark Levin Show to its lineup after

1144-515: The energy company Ørsted A/S uses the unit megawatt for produced electrical power and the equivalent unit megajoule per second for delivered heating power in a combined heat and power station such as Avedøre Power Station . When describing alternating current (AC) electricity, another distinction is made between the watt and the volt-ampere . While these units are equivalent for simple resistive circuits , they differ when loads exhibit electrical reactance . Radio stations usually report

1188-403: The first year of its new format, much of WTMM's programming came from One-on-One Sports . In early 1998, WTMM became an affiliate of ESPN Radio . With the station's launch came the addition of play-by-play of Buffalo Bills football , Albany Firebirds arena football , College of Saint Rose athletics, and Union College men's hockey . The station's biggest acquisition came in 2000 when

1232-460: The maximum power output it can achieve at any point in time. A power station's annual energy output, however, would be recorded using units of energy (not power), typically gigawatt hours. Major energy production or consumption is often expressed as terawatt hours for a given period; often a calendar year or financial year. One terawatt hour of energy is equal to a sustained power delivery of one terawatt for one hour, or approximately 114 megawatts for

1276-675: The other station. (Most listeners were not even aware of this practice.) The combined signals of WROW and WROW-FM were among the most popular and financially successful radio outlets in the Capital District for most of the 1970s and 1980s. In 1983, Capital Cities sold WROW-AM-FM to JAG Communications, owner of WLKW-AM - FM in Providence, Rhode Island , for $ 3.2 million; the company was controlled by John A. Gambling , morning host at WOR in New York City. JAG would sell WROW-AM-FM and WLKW-FM to Wilks/Schwartz Broadcasting for $ 15.39 million in 1987;

1320-488: The power of their transmitters in units of watts, referring to the effective radiated power . This refers to the power that a half-wave dipole antenna would need to radiate to match the intensity of the transmitter's main lobe . The terms power and energy are closely related but distinct physical quantities. Power is the rate at which energy is generated or consumed and hence is measured in units (e.g. watts) that represent energy per unit time . For example, when

1364-748: The rights to the frequency. The studios were at 112 State Street and Dr. J.J. Quinlan served as president. At the outset, the station had an affiliation with the Mutual Radio Network , switching to ABC in 1950. The relationship with ABC was short lived, with WROW taking the CBS affiliation from 980 WTRY in November 1954, in a deal to get the rights to the CBS television network for its soon-to-debut co-owned TV station, WROW-TV channel 41, (today's ABC-affiliated WTEN on channel 10). In 1957, Hudson Valley Broadcasting became

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1408-595: The station became WEEV, Eve 1300 AM . However, Greenstone Media went out of business that August, and the station reverted to the WTMM call letters as an AM simulcast of WTMM-FM. During 2007, Regent Communications began selling many of their smaller market and lower priority stations. Having lost its audience due to the Eve experiment, Regent decided to sell WTMM to Capital Broadcasting, Inc., with former WQBK host Paul Vandenburgh serving as its president and general manager. The price

1452-737: The station returned to broadcasting New York Yankees baseball games, a fixture on the station during its time as WQBK. Later that year, Regent Communications purchased the station after Clear Channel divested several stations in the market and decided to launch its own sports talk station, WOFX . Regent made budget cuts, eliminating most of WTMM's non-ESPN programming including the " Albany Times Union Sports Minute" and all locally based play-by play. The station also lost its own sales staff, leading to commercial breaks being filled with public service announcements and ads sold on group deals. Some exceptions came when WTMM and sister station WABT aired Albany Conquest arena football games in 2004 and when

1496-605: The station. The talk format did well even against the larger signaled WPTR and the evolution of WGY to talk. In 1996, WQBK-AM-FM were sold to Radio Enterprises, Inc., leading to drastic changes for cost savings. All local programming was quickly canceled, many of the staff fired, and sports contracts were terminated including the Yankees, hours before the first pitch of opening day . The new WQBK ran mostly syndicated programming from ABC Talk Radio and NBC Talknet , using hourly newscasts from CBS Radio News . In 1997, Radio Enterprises

1540-601: The time of that purchase.) The CBS Radio affiliation has remained on WROW since 1950, and was shared for a time with 100.9 WKLI-FM , the original home of the Magic format, beginning in 2001. In the late 1950s, WROW decided to flip to a Top 40 format, the first such attempt in the Capital District, which was initially a hit. But Capital Cities's success with the beautiful music format in New York City and other markets led WROW to switch to easy listening around 1963. In October 1966, WROW signed on 95.5 WROW-FM (now WYJB ), with

1584-489: The two stations simulcasting . On January 1, 1967, the Federal Communications Commission stopped allowing AM and FM stations in large cities to simulcast, except for 25% of their programming. To get around this rule, WROW-AM-FM began " shadowcasting " which allowed the same commercials to run on both stations, although the music on one station had to be delayed for a short time before it could be heard on

1628-559: The unit of power. In the electric power industry , megawatt electrical ( MWe or MW e ) refers by convention to the electric power produced by a generator, while megawatt thermal or thermal megawatt (MWt, MW t , or MWth, MW th ) refers to thermal power produced by the plant. For example, the Embalse nuclear power plant in Argentina uses a fission reactor to generate 2,109 MW t (i.e. heat), which creates steam to drive

1672-556: The unit within the existing system of practical units as "the power conveyed by a current of an Ampère through the difference of potential of a Volt". In October 1908, at the International Conference on Electric Units and Standards in London, so-called international definitions were established for practical electrical units. Siemens' definition was adopted as the international watt. (Also used: 1 A × 1 Ω.) The watt

1716-468: Was simulcast on both stations for two weeks, to help listeners adjust to the change. By mid-February, WROW was the exclusive radio home of the "Magic" format, with WKLI-FM switching to adult hits . WROW formerly broadcast in C-QUAM AM stereo, but no longer operates in stereo as of 2017. In April 2018, with the demise of WINU 's sports format, WROW and sister station WKLI-FM became Albany's radio home of

1760-508: Was $ 850,000. On November 26, 2007, Capital Broadcasting took control of the station from Regent and rolled out a talk radio format similar to the old WQBK, emphasizing local shows over nationally syndicated hosts. Capital Broadcasting initially announced the new call letters for the station would be WCBI. However, Capital Broadcasting was unable to secure permission from Morris Multimedia , owner of WCBI-TV in Columbus, Mississippi , to share

1804-431: Was co-hosted by Steve van Zandt and Jackie Donovan. Syndicated talk shows heard the rest of the day on the station included: The Glenn Beck Program ; The Radio Factor with Bill O'Reilly ; John Gibson , Dave Ramsey , Alan Colmes and Joey Reynolds . Weekend syndicated programs included Brian and the Judge , Lars Larson , and Bill Cunningham ; the first two of which previously aired on weekdays. WROW also held

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1848-420: Was defined as equal to 10 units of power in the practical system of units. The "international units" were dominant from 1909 until 1948. After the 9th General Conference on Weights and Measures in 1948, the international watt was redefined from practical units to absolute units (i.e., using only length, mass, and time). Concretely, this meant that 1 watt was defined as the quantity of energy transferred in

1892-685: Was fundamental for the Industrial Revolution . When an object's velocity is held constant at one meter per second against a constant opposing force of one newton , the rate at which work is done is one watt. 1   W = 1   J / s = 1   N ⋅ m / s = 1   k g ⋅ m 2 ⋅ s − 3 . {\displaystyle \mathrm {1~W=1~J{/}s=1~N{\cdot }m{/}s=1~kg{\cdot }m^{2}{\cdot }s^{-3}} .} In terms of electromagnetism , one watt

1936-445: Was purchased by Clear Channel Communications (which had owned a minority share). Noticing a steady performance by New York City sports radio pioneer WFAN , even in the Albany ratings 150 miles to the north, management decided to flip WQBK to become the first all-sports station in the market. The station took the call sign WTMM (referring to "Team") and began to acquire a number of play-by-play rights for regional sports teams. In

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