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94-541: WDTN (channel 2) is a television station in Dayton, Ohio , United States, affiliated with NBC . It is owned by Nexstar Media Group , which provides certain services to Springfield, Ohio –licensed WBDT (channel 26), a de facto owned-and-operated station of The CW , under a local marketing agreement (LMA) with Vaughan Media . The two stations share studios on South Dixie Drive in Moraine, Ohio . WDTN's transmitter facility

188-572: A TV network and an individual station within the network is referred to as O&O or affiliate , respectively. Because television station signals use the electromagnetic spectrum, which in the past has been a common, scarce resource, governments often claim authority to regulate them. Broadcast television systems standards vary around the world. Television stations broadcasting over an analog system were typically limited to one television channel , but digital television enables broadcasting via subchannels as well. Television stations usually require

282-558: A barter in some cases. Network affiliate#Dual affiliations In the broadcasting industry (particularly in North America , and even more in the United States), a network affiliate or affiliated station is a local broadcaster, owned by a company other than the owner of the network, which carries some or all of the lineup of television programs or radio programs of a television or radio network . This distinguishes such

376-497: A broadcast license from a government agency which sets the requirements and limitations on the station. In the United States, for example, a television license defines the broadcast range , or geographic area, that the station is limited to, allocates the broadcast frequency of the radio spectrum for that station's transmissions, sets limits on what types of television programs can be programmed for broadcast and requires

470-400: A television or radio station from an owned-and-operated station (O&O), which is owned by the parent network. Notwithstanding this distinction, it is common in informal speech (even for networks or O&Os themselves) to refer to any station, O&O or otherwise, that carries a particular network's programming as an affiliate, or to refer to the status of carrying such programming in

564-613: A 15kW low-power station broadcasting in high definition on the same transmitter tower under the control of the same owners, using the same studios to provide a second high definition channel for the Fox affiliate. One notable exception to the survival of secondary affiliations are stations owned by West Virginia Media Holdings . WTRF-DT2 in Wheeling and WVNS-DT2 in Beckley , West Virginia both had Fox as their primary affiliation and MyNetworkTV as

658-417: A common example of this was the popular syndicated science fiction drama series Star Trek: The Next Generation (1987–1994). Some network affiliates may also choose to air season games involving local sports teams in lieu of network programming. A handful of networks, such as the U.S.-based Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) public television and National Public Radio (NPR), have been founded on

752-712: A dispute over "retransmission fees". Time Warner replaced WDTN with a free preview of HBO Family . On October 29, LIN TV and Time Warner Cable reached an agreement, restoring WDTN, as well as offering it in high definition on the cable system for the first time. On June 4, 2010, it was announced LIN TV would begin operating CW affiliate WBDT (then owned by ACME Communications ) through shared service and joint sales agreements. Three months later, LIN TV exercised an option to purchase that channel along with another LIN-operated ACME station, fellow CW affiliate WCWF in Green Bay, Wisconsin . LIN TV requested WBDT's license be assigned to

846-539: A few months before the network shut down. It lost ABC in 1965 (though it cleared some ABC daytime programming until 1971 as a secondary affiliate ) when then- independent WONE-TV (channel 22, now WKEF ) picked up ABC's prime time programming. In 1968 the Crosley group took on the name of its parent company and became known as Avco Broadcasting, a subsidiary of the Aviation Corporation (later known as Avco ). After

940-418: A few that had affiliations with ABC, NBC, CBS and DuMont during the late 1940s through the mid-1950s, when fewer television stations existed in a particular market, especially those that would eventually be able to support four commercial outlets). Historically, the sole commercial station in a market would commonly take affiliations or secondary affiliations from most or all of the major national networks. As

1034-540: A functioning news department until 1979. Meanwhile, WKRC-TV and WTVN-TV were not only preempting ABC's daytime programs, but also its late night shows and some of its Saturday morning cartoons . ABC also wanted a station in Dayton with both stronger ratings and signal, and one which could reach portions of the Cincinnati and Columbus markets. In summer 1979, ABC approached WDTN and reached an affiliation deal. Almost by default, NBC

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1128-402: A given market as an "affiliation". Stations which carry a network's programming by method of affiliation maintain a contractual agreement , which may allow the network to dictate certain requirements that a station must agree to as part of the contract (such as programming clearances, local programming quotas or reverse compensation of a share of a station's retransmission consent revenue to

1222-461: A guest contributor, immediately following the news/weather segment. On January 7, 2013, WBDT began to air a weekday news program from 7 to 9 a.m., called 2 News Today on Dayton's CW . In January 2015, the station renamed its hour-long 5 p.m. weekday newscast Five on 2 , and included more features, interviews and longer-form stories. On September 11, 2017, the station added an hour-long 4 p.m. weekday newscast, 2 News First at 4 ; it

1316-487: A large number of privately owned affiliates to disseminate its radio and television programming. However, since the 1960s, most of the CBC Television affiliates have become network owned-and-operated stations or retransmitters. CBC Radio stations are now entirely O&O. While network-owned stations will normally carry the full programming schedule of the originating network (save for major local events), an affiliate

1410-400: A local monopoly, a station could become a primary affiliate of one of the stronger networks, carrying most of that network's programming while remaining free to "cherry-pick" popular programming from any or all of the rival networks. Similarly, some markets that had two commercial stations shared a secondary affiliation with one network, while maintaining separate primary affiliations (such as in

1504-415: A much shorter wavelength, and thus requires a shorter antenna, but also higher power. North American stations can go up to 5000 kW ERP for video and 500 kW audio, or 1000 kW digital. Low channels travel further than high ones at the same power, but UHF does not suffer from as much electromagnetic interference and background "noise" as VHF, making it much more desirable for TV. Despite this, in

1598-514: A new affiliation agreement with LIN TV; in response to this agreement, ABC signed an affiliation deal with Sinclair Broadcasting Group , which renewed the network's affiliations with the group's existing ABC affiliates and caused WKEF and its sister stations in Springfield / Decatur, Illinois ( WICS and WICD ), to switch to that network. On August 30, 2004, in a reversal of the 1980 switch, WDTN returned to NBC after 24 years away to take advantage of

1692-462: A new independent multicultural station, CFHD-DT , which signed on in 2013. This was also done by MyNetworkTV in the 2009–10 season in Des Moines , Iowa and Memphis , Tennessee after it lost their individual affiliates in those markets to other networks as it offered the network's last season of WWE Friday Night Smackdown to the local CW affiliates in both cities without forcing them to carry

1786-569: A principle which effectively reverses the commercial broadcasting owned-and-operated station model and is called a state network. Instead of television networks owning stations, the stations collectively own the network and brand themselves as "member stations" or "member networks" instead of as affiliates or O&Os. Individual stations such as WPBS-TV (in Watertown, New York ) and KPBS (in San Diego , California ) are not allowed to be owned by

1880-582: A redesign. The web addresses were then operated by the Local Media Network division of World Now for a little over a year until October 2008, when LIN TV relaunched most of its station websites through Fox Interactive Media (later spun off as the independent company known today as EndPlay). Prior to the World Now contract, the web addresses were powered by Web Pros. On October 3, 2008, LIN TV pulled WDTN (and its other stations) from Time Warner Cable, due to

1974-419: A result of the same ordinance. Along with the channel shift WLWD was also forced to operate with a shorter transmission tower, to reduce the overlap of its new channel 2 signal with the relocated signals of WLWT (which moved from channel 4 to channel 5) and WLWC (which shifted to channel 4 from channel 3). The analog channel 2 signal traveled a very long distance under normal conditions. WLWD lost DuMont in 1955,

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2068-516: A result, WLWD lost its grandfathered protection, and had to be sold off separately from WLWT and WLWC. WLWD ended up being the last of Avco's television stations to be sold off, going to Grinnell College in Iowa for $ 13 million in June 1975; the acquisition made Grinnell College one of a few universities in the country to own a commercial television station. The school changed the call letters to WDTN shortly after

2162-525: A retransmission consent agreement, and all affected channels were restored. On March 21, 2014, Media General announced that it would buy LIN. The FCC approved the merger on December 12, 2014, but a condition of the deal requires Media General to end the JSA between WBDT and WDTN due to tighter scrutiny such deals are getting by the FCC. Media General received a two-year waiver to end the JSA between WDTN and WBDT. The merger

2256-665: A secondary affiliation. Until WTRF lost its Fox affiliation in 2014 to NBC affiliate WTOV-TV (leaving WTRF-DT2 with MyNetworkTV and WVNS as the only one with affiliations from both), each network was carried on the second digital subchannel of WTRF-TV and WVNS-TV , respectively, both of which carry CBS programming on their main signals. Another example is WBKB-TV in Alpena, Michigan , owned by The Marks Group , which also carries CBS programming on its main signal and both Fox and MyNetworkTV on its second digital subchannel. In addition, however, WBKB-TV also has an ABC affiliate on WBKB-DT3, giving

2350-635: A station to broadcast a minimum amount of certain programs types, such as public affairs messages . Another form of television station is non-commercial educational (NCE) and considered public broadcasting . To avoid concentration of media ownership of television stations, government regulations in most countries generally limit the ownership of television stations by television networks or other media operators, but these regulations vary considerably. Some countries have set up nationwide television networks, in which individual television stations act as mere repeaters of nationwide programs . In those countries,

2444-483: A station which broadcasts structured content to an audience or it refers to the organization that operates the station. A terrestrial television transmission can occur via analog television signals or, more recently, via digital television signals. Television stations are differentiated from cable television or other video providers as their content is broadcast via terrestrial radio waves. A group of television stations with common ownership or affiliation are known as

2538-524: A station's schedule; this form of dual affiliation was the norm before the digital age. Dual affiliations are most commonly associated with the smaller American television networks, such as The CW and MyNetworkTV, which air fewer hours of prime time programming than the "Big Four" networks and can therefore be more easily combined into a single schedule, although historically the "Big Four" have had some dual-affiliate stations in small markets as well and in some cases, affiliates of more than two networks (including

2632-530: A stronger station, or a dispute between a network and station owner while negotiating a contract renewal for a particular station such as those over reverse compensation shares), often at the end of one network's existing contract with a station. One of the most notable and expansive affiliation changes occurred in the United States from September 1994 to September 1996, when television stations in 30 markets changed affiliations (through both direct swaps involving

2726-543: A studio and office facility located in a former skating rink on Dixie Drive in Moraine. (The property has changed jurisdictions since the original airdate: first it was within the now-defunct Van Buren Township, which voted to incorporate as Kettering in November 1952; in 1953, the western portion of Kettering, which included the property, voted to secede, forming Moraine Township, which in turn incorporated as Moraine in 1957.) WLWD

2820-837: A subsidiary of Vaughan Media (owner of CW affiliate KNVA in Austin, Texas , which was also operated by LIN TV). The company holds a 4.5% equity stake in Vaughan Media, but controls most of that company's voting stock, effectively making it a shell corporation for LIN TV. WBDT was integrated into WDTN's facilities and the merger between the two stations occurred sometime around October 2010. WBDT originally had studios at Corporate Place in Miamisburg , along Byers Road. On March 4, 2011, LIN TV's contract with DISH Network expired, and all TV stations owned or operated by LIN, including WDTN and WBDT, were pulled from DISH. On March 13, LIN and DISH entered into

2914-731: A television network can own based on the percentage of total national market reach. As a result, the five main national networks tend to have O&Os only in the metropolitan areas of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo and mainly rely on affiliates to carry their programming outside of those two areas. The metropolitan areas of Belo Horizonte , Brasília , Manaus , and Recife are examples of those who have both O&Os and affiliates. For instance, TV Globo and RedeTV have O&Os in Recife, but Record , SBT and Band do not. TV Cultura , Rede Brasil de Televisão , and TV Gazeta only have one owned-and-operated station each; those networks are smaller than

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3008-425: A variety of ways to generate revenue from television commercials . They may be an independent station or part of a broadcasting network , or some other structure. They can produce some or all of their programs or buy some broadcast syndication programming for or all of it from other stations or independent production companies. Many stations have some sort of television studio , which on major-network stations

3102-477: Is independently owned and typically under no obligation to do so. This is especially the case for network shows airing outside the network's primetime hours. Affiliated stations often buy supplementary programming from another source, such as a broadcast syndication service, or another television network which otherwise does not have coverage in the station's broadcast area. Some affiliates may air such programs instead of those from their primary network affiliation;

3196-399: Is located off Frytown Road in an exclave of Jefferson Township surrounded by the southwest Dayton neighborhoods of Germantown Meadow, Highview Hills and Stoney Ridge; through a channel sharing agreement , it shares its digital channel with WBDT, along with unrelated Richmond, Indiana –licensed Ion Television O&O WKOI-TV (channel 43). The construction permit for what is now WDTN

3290-792: Is often used for newscasts or other local programming . There is usually a news department , where journalists gather information. There is also a section where electronic news-gathering (ENG) operations are based, receiving remote broadcasts via remote pickup unit or satellite TV . Outside broadcasting vans, production trucks , or SUVs with electronic field production (EFP) equipment are sent out with reporters , who may also bring back news stories on video tape rather than sending them back live . To keep pace with technology United States television stations have been replacing operators with broadcast automation systems to increase profits in recent years. Some stations (known as repeaters or translators ) only simulcast another, usually

3384-436: Is only shared between the main station in a given market and any repeaters it may operate to extend its coverage, PBS is not beholden to exclusive programming agreements with stations in the same metropolitan area. In some markets, the network maintains memberships with two noncommercial educational stations – in some cases, these are owned by the same entity – which split the programming rights. To avoid programming conflicts,

3478-528: Is the first and only 4 p.m. local newscast in the market. On April 4, 2020, WDTN debuted a weekend morning newscast airing Saturdays and Sundays from 6 to 8 a.m. On July 23, 2021, WDTN debuted a new set, with updated graphics having been rolled out in the preceding weeks. On September 2, 2021, Mark Allan, anchor for over 25 years, retired from broadcasting. Allan arrived at the station in fall 1995 from KAKE (TV) in Wichita, Kansas, first anchoring coverage of

3572-473: The Ada, Oklahoma - Sherman, Texas market, where until 1985, KTEN and KXII shared secondary affiliations with NBC, while the former was primarily affiliated with ABC and the latter with CBS; the former station is now a primary NBC affiliate). As U.S.-marketed television receivers have been required to include factory-installed UHF tuners since 1964, the rapid expansion of broadcast television onto UHF channels in

3666-759: The DuMont Television Network ; WLWD also carried ABC programs. The first program shown on WLWD was NBC's Texaco Star Theater , with Milton Berle . To reflect their connection to each other, the WLW Television stations hyphenated their call signs on air; the Dayton outlet was known as WLW-D. The Crosley television group would later expand to include WLWA (now WXIA-TV ) in Atlanta , WLWI (now WTHR ) in Indianapolis , and WOAI-TV in San Antonio . The release of

3760-623: The Global Television Network . CJNT-DT in Montreal formerly maintained dual affiliations through both City and Omni Television to satisfy its ethnic programming requirements due to its sale to Rogers Media in 2012. This model eventually ceased as Rogers' was granted a request by the CRTC in late 2012 to change the station's format from a multicultural station to a conventional English-language station, and contribute funding and programming to

3854-471: The Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications limit the number of network-owned commercial television stations as a percentage of total national market reach. As such, commercial networks tend to have O&Os only in the four largest media markets ( Kantō , Keihanshin , Chūkyō , and Fukuoka ), and rely on affiliates to carry their programming in other prefectures. However, there are two major exceptions to

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3948-530: The National Educational Television Association ; likewise, most content on PBS's core national programming service is produced by various individual member stations such as WGBH-TV , WNET and WETA-TV . These are not affiliate stations in that the ownership of the main network is not independent of ownership of the individual local stations. Unlike the modern-day affiliation model with commercial stations, in which network programming

4042-534: The electricity bill and emergency backup generators . In North America , full-power stations on band I (channels 2 to 6) are generally limited to 100 kW analog video ( VSB ) and 10 kW analog audio ( FM ), or 45 kW digital ( 8VSB ) ERP. Stations on band III (channels 7 to 13) can go up by 5 dB to 316 kW video, 31.6 kW audio, or 160 kW digital. Low-VHF stations are often subject to long-distance reception just as with FM. There are no stations on Channel 1 . UHF , by comparison, has

4136-403: The 1950s, would air. Fifteen-minute mini-documentaries or newsreels would also air as a time filler under the title Miniature Theater . During the summer of 1983, WDTN was exempted from running ABC's soap operas after 2 p.m., since WKRC-TV's signal easily covered Dayton. As a result, the station ran cartoons and off-network sitcoms in place of One Life to Live and General Hospital . By

4230-458: The 1970s and 1980s (along with increased deployment of cable and satellite television systems) has significantly reduced the number of one-station markets (limiting them to those with population densities too small to be able to make any additional stations economically viable), providing networks with a larger selection of stations as potential primary affiliates. A new station which could clear one network's entire programming lineup better serves

4324-473: The Dayton area ever since cable arrived there in the mid-1960s. As a result, ABC soap viewers could no longer see One Life to Live or General Hospital , while over-the-air viewers could still pick them up on WCPO-TV (which had become Cincinnati's ABC affiliate in 1996). In the fall of 2000, General Hospital returned to WDTN's schedule; after the station came under the control of LIN TV in May 2002, One Life to Live

4418-534: The FCC restricted the common ownership of stations with overlapping signals in the late 1960s, it grandfathered Avco's common ownership of WLWD, WLWT, WLWC and of WLW radio in Cincinnati. Even from its shorter tower, WLWD's city-grade signal reached as far as Cincinnati and as far north as the Columbus suburbs, while WLW radio's 50- kilowatt signal covered nearly all of Ohio and overlapped with all three television stations. In 1975, Avco decided to exit broadcasting. As

4512-461: The FCC's Sixth Report and Order in 1952 resulted in shifts of VHF channel assignments in the Midwest region. In Ohio, WLWD's channel 5 allocation was moved to Cincinnati and given to sister station WLWT, with the Dayton station reassigned to transmit over channel 2. WLWD's channel change took place on April 27, 1953. WHIO-TV, Dayton's only other station at the time, also shifted channels (from 13 to 7) as

4606-520: The FCC's spectrum reallocation process. Television station The Fernsehsender Paul Nipkow ( TV Station Paul Nipkow ) in Berlin , Germany , was the first regular television service in the world. It was on the air from 22 March 1935, until it was shut down in 1944. The station was named after Paul Gottlieb Nipkow , the inventor of the Nipkow disk . Most often the term "television station" refers to

4700-711: The New York City affiliate of The CW (which is 75% owned by station operator Nexstar Media Group , with Warner Bros. Discovery and Paramount Global each owning 12.5% stakes), while Paramount owns independent station WLNY-TV in that market. On the other hand, several other television stations in the same market – WABC-TV ( ABC ), WCBS-TV ( CBS ), WNBC ( NBC ), WNJU ( Telemundo ), WNYW ( Fox ), WWOR-TV ( MyNetworkTV ), WPXN-TV ( Ion Television ), WXTV-DT ( Univision ) and WFUT-DT ( UniMás ) – are O&Os. A similar rule exists in Japan , in which regulations governed by

4794-570: The Public Broadcasting Service; most belong to local community non-profit groups, universities or local and state educational organizations. The national PBS system is owned collectively by hundreds of broadcasters in communities nationwide. Individual member stations are free to carry large amounts of syndicated programming and many produce their own educational or edutainment content for distribution to other PBS member stations through services like American Public Television or

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4888-530: The Saturday evening country music program Midwestern Hayride . Due to WLWD's heavy local and regional programming schedule, many network programs from NBC and ABC were recorded on film as a kinescope for later airing. On rare occasions when a program was unavailable (sometimes due to network technical difficulties or if fill time was available before or after a network sportscast), a half-hour series entitled Star Performance , consisting mostly of drama pilots from

4982-627: The U.S., the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is taking another large portion of this band (channels 52 to 69) away, in contrast to the rest of the world, which has been taking VHF instead. This means that some stations left on VHF are harder to receive after the analog shutdown . Since at least 1974, there are no stations on channel 37 in North America for radio astronomy purposes. Most television stations are commercial broadcasting enterprises which are structured in

5076-431: The United States, a station may even be simultaneously listed as an affiliate of two (or in rare cases, three) networks. A station which has a dual affiliation is typically expected to air all or most of both networks' core day time and/or prime time schedules – although programming from a station's secondary affiliation normally airs outside its usual network time slot, and some less popular programs may simply be left off of

5170-558: The ability of digital television stations to offer a distinct programming stream on a digital subchannel , traditional dual affiliation arrangements in which programming from two networks is combined into a single schedule are becoming more rare. KEYC-TV in Mankato , Minnesota is one such example, carrying CBS programming on its 12.1 subchannel and Fox on 12.2. KEYC's Watertown , New York sister station WWNY-TV follows this same pattern (CBS on 7.1 and Fox on 7.2), but supplements this with

5264-495: The early days of privately owned networks CTV and TVA , but the original "one station, one vote" model has largely faltered as increasing numbers of stations are acquired by the same owners. In CTV's case, the systematic pattern of acquisition of CTV member stations by the owners of CFTO-TV in Toronto ultimately allowed control over the network as a whole, turning former member stations into CTV O&Os. In some smaller markets in

5358-507: The five major networks by market reach. In Canada , the Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) has significantly more lenient rules regarding media ownership. As such, most television stations, regardless of market size, are now O&Os of their respective networks, with only a few true affiliates remaining (mainly located in smaller cities). The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation originally relied on

5452-420: The highest point available in the transmission area, such as on a summit , the top of a high skyscraper , or on a tall radio tower . To get a signal from the master control room to the transmitter, a studio/transmitter link (STL) is used. The link can be either by radio or T1 / E1 . A transmitter/studio link (TSL) may also send telemetry back to the station, but this may be embedded in subcarriers of

5546-627: The larger WLWT and trade WDTN, together with WNAC-TV in Providence, Rhode Island , to Sunrise Television for WPTZ in Plattsburgh, New York , WNNE in Hartford, Vermont , and KSBW in Salinas, California . The sale was finalized on July 2, 1998. In May 2002, Sunrise merged with LIN TV ; both television companies were owned by private equity firm Hicks, Muse, Tate & Furst . In early 2004, NBC landed

5640-426: The late 1980s, these were replaced with first run talk shows such as The Oprah Winfrey Show (at 4 p.m.), The Montel Williams Show , and The Jerry Springer Show . WDTN would begin its talk block at 2 p.m. during the week. In 2000, Time Warner Cable (Dayton's largest cable system) dropped the Cincinnati network affiliates to make room for new cable channels. The Cincinnati stations had been available on cable in

5734-400: The local television station has no station identification and, from a consumer's point of view, there is no practical distinction between a network and a station, with only small regional changes in programming, such as local television news . To broadcast its programs, a television station requires operators to operate equipment, a transmitter or radio antenna , which is often located at

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5828-419: The main broadcast. Stations which retransmit or simulcast another may simply pick-up that station over-the-air , or via STL or satellite. The license usually specifies which other station it is allowed to carry. VHF stations often have very tall antennas due to their long wavelength , but require much less effective radiated power (ERP), and therefore use much less transmitter power output , also saving on

5922-485: The mid to late-1970s, ABC was searching for stronger affiliates in order to cement its status as the leading network in the United States. Its existing Dayton affiliate, WKEF, was a distant third in the ratings, and only ran ABC's prime time and sports programming, plus whatever daytime programming was preempted by two Taft Broadcasting –owned ABC affiliates in adjacent markets, WKRC-TV in Cincinnati (now with CBS) and WTVN-TV (now WSYX ) in Columbus. WKEF also did not have

6016-569: The network utilizes a Program Differentiation Plan to assign programming quotas in these situations, resulting in the primary member station carrying more PBS-distributed programming than the secondary member; the number of two-to-a-market PBS members (not counting repeaters of the market's main PBS outlet) has been steadily decreasing since the early 2000s, with few remaining outside larger markets. The "member station" model had historically been used in Canada in

6110-505: The network's interests than the former pattern of partial access afforded by mixing various secondary affiliations on the schedule of a single local analog channel. In 2009, after many years of decline, the era of secondary affiliations to multiple major networks (once common in communities where fewer stations existed than networks seeking carriage) finally came to an end at the smallest-market U.S. station, KXGN-TV in Glendive, Montana (which

6204-546: The network's then-stronger programming. Ironically, several months after the affiliation shift, ABC's ratings overtook those of NBC and the network wouldn't rebound for nearly a decade; in 2014, NBC had regained the lead over ABC. On May 18, 2007, LIN TV announced that it was exploring strategic alternatives that could have resulted in the sale of the company. In early June, WDTN's website (along with those of several other LIN TV-owned stations not affiliated with Fox such as WNDY-TV , WWHO , WAND , WWLP , and WLFI-TV ) underwent

6298-409: The network). Affiliation contracts normally last between three and five years, though contracts have run for as little as one year or as long as ten; in addition, if a company owns two or more stations affiliated with the same network, affiliation contracts may have end-of-term dates that are the same or differ among that company's affiliates, depending on when a particular station's affiliation agreement

6392-467: The new and original affiliates, and transactions involving multiple stations) as a result of a May 1994 agreement by New World Communications to switch twelve of its stations to Fox , resulting in various other affiliation transactions including additional groupwide deals (such as those between ABC and the E. W. Scripps Company , and CBS and Westinghouse Broadcasting ). In the United States, Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulations limit

6486-421: The number of network-owned stations as a percentage of total national market reach. As such, networks tend to have O&Os only in the largest media markets (such as New York City and Los Angeles ), and rely on affiliates to carry their programming in other, smaller markets. However, even the largest markets may have network affiliates in lieu of O&Os. For instance, Mission Broadcasting 's WPIX serves as

6580-409: The production of high definition content. After June 8, 2012, newscasts were moved to the station's newsroom as the new news set was being built in the same location as the old one. The first high definition newscast was at 6 p.m. on Saturday, July 21, 2012. WDTN was the second station in Dayton to have made the upgrade to HD newscasts; the shows on WBDT were included in the upgrade. On August 18, 2007,

6674-476: The programmes seen on its owner's flagship station, and have no television studio or production facilities of their own. This is common in developing countries . Low-power stations typically also fall into this category worldwide. Most stations which are not simulcast produce their own station identifications . TV stations may also advertise on or provide weather (or news) services to local radio stations , particularly co-owned sister stations . This may be

6768-399: The regulations. NHK is a government-owned, non-commercial television network and, since it is not covered by the ownership cap, owns and operates all of its stations. TXN Network is also not covered by the ownership cap due to the network's low number of affiliates (which are all owned by the network). In Brazil , government regulations limit the number of owned-and-operated stations that

6862-463: The remainder of MyNetworkTV's schedule. From September 1, 2016, to August 31, 2019, the largest current-day market example of a dual affiliation was with Fox Television Stations 's WPWR-TV , a Gary, Indiana -licensed station serving the entire Chicago market, which carried a primary affiliation with The CW , while maintaining Fox's MyNetworkTV programming service in a late night timeslot. Beginning on September 1, 2019, The CW affiliation of WPWR-TV

6956-458: The removal of WDTN, along with 158 other Nexstar stations, from DirecTV, U-verse and DirecTV Stream . Game show host and announcer Johnny Gilbert hosted his own local daytime variety/talk show on WLWD immediately after the local airing of WLW television's Paul Dixon Show in the mid-1960s. Phil Donahue (former news anchor and radio talk show host at WHIO radio ) began hosting a talk show on WLWD in 1967, called The Phil Donahue Show , that

7050-443: The removal of WDTN, along with more than 120 other Nexstar stations across 97 markets, from AT&T's DirecTV , DirecTV Now and U-verse platforms. A carriage dispute with Dish Network, beginning at 7 p.m. on December 2, 2020, resulted in the removal of WDTN and sister station WBDT from the platform, along with 164 Nexstar stations in 115 markets. A carriage dispute with DirecTV from July 2 to September 17, 2023, resulted in

7144-449: The sale closed on June 16, 1976. Not long after Grinnell took over, WDTN increased the height on its broadcast tower and began operating at full effective radiated power, increasing its coverage area. (The WLWD call sign was used from April 2003 until April 2010 for an FM radio station serving Lima , now WBKS . The call sign has been used since October 12, 2010, by Daystar station WLWD-LD (channel 20), licensed to Springfield .) By

7238-653: The station added the Justice Network to its third digital subchannel. On February 1, 2018, the Justice Network was dropped, replaced by Ion Television , which was moved from sister station WBDT's DT3 subchannel. On June 7, 2018, unrelated WKOI-TV began sharing WDTN's digital channel, with Ion Television programming appearing on virtual channel 43.1. WDTN also continued to carry Ion Television on virtual channel 2.3. Sister station WBDT began sharing WDTN's digital channel on June 29, 2018; on that date, virtual channel 2.3

7332-508: The station began to produce a nightly prime time newscast for WBDT, known as 2 News at 10 on Dayton's CW . This show achieved higher ratings than WRGT-TV 's nightly prime time news in Dayton's metered market households on the 26th day of its broadcast. That year, 2 News won the " Edward R. Murrow Award for Overall Excellence" for the second straight year. In May 2011, the station changed the name of its weekday 5–7 a.m. newscast from 2 News Sunrise to 2 News Today . On November 14, 2011,

7426-549: The station four different network affiliations between three subchannels. In Canada, affiliated stations may acquire broadcast rights to programs from a network other than their primary affiliation, but as such an agreement pertains only to a few specific programs, which are chosen individually, they are not normally considered to be affiliated with the second network. CJON-DT in St. John's , Newfoundland , nominally an independent station , uses this model to acquire programming from CTV and

7520-471: The station moved 2 News Today' s start time to 4:30 a.m., probably in response to WHIO-TV's similar lengthening of its morning news on August 15. In August 2011, the station announced plans to replace its weekday hour-long newscast, 2 News at Noon , with a local lifestyle talk show called Living Dayton , starting in early January 2012. It was planned that anchor Marsha Bonhart, Holly Samuels and meteorologist Jamie Jarosik would deliver news and weather at

7614-892: The then-ongoing Dayton Peace Accords . WDTN includes segments from the syndicated consumer and personal finance series Money Talks with Stacy Johnson as part of its newscasts. The station maintains news partnerships with several area newspapers. In addition to its main studios, WDTN operates bureaus in Springfield (on West Main Street) and in Xenia (in the Xenia Daily Gazette newsroom on South Detroit Street). WDTN operates its own weather radar known on-air as "Live Doppler 2 HD" (formerly as "Live Doppler 2X"). The station's weather reports are branded as "Storm Team 2" and were sometimes branded as "Live Doppler 2X". For many years, Charlie Van Dyke

7708-462: The top of the broadcast, and that the show would cover any breaking news. Living Dayton premiered on February 6, 2012, with newly hired hosts Nathalie Basha and Zuri Hall . Later on February 6, it was announced that Jim Bucher would join the show as a contributor. The inclusion of news headlines and a weather forecast began on February 9; on the same day, Basha and Hall began providing a brief commentary-style discussion of topical issues, sometimes with

7802-480: The use of local marketing agreements and shared services agreements to operate a second station nominally owned by another broadcaster. These may be supplemented by LPTV or repeater stations to allow more channels to be added without encountering federally imposed limits on concentration of media ownership . Often, the multiple commonly controlled stations will use the same news and local advertising sales operations, but carry different network feeds. Further, with

7896-473: Was added to the schedule as well. From this point on, WDTN aired the entire ABC schedule in pattern until the station returned to NBC in 2004. In the 1970s and 1980s, WDTN used the Eyewitness News branding. For most of its history, its newscasts have been a runner-up to market leader WHIO-TV. On April 11, 2012, the station announced that it was in the process of reconstructing its studios in preparation for

7990-480: Was affiliated with both CBS and NBC). The digital conversion allowed KXGN to carry CBS and NBC programming side-by-side on separate subchannels, essentially becoming a primary affiliate of both networks. This is the most common type of "dual affiliation" existing today in the digital TV age. In larger markets, multiple full-service channels may be operated by the same broadcaster using broadcast automation , either openly as duopoly or twinstick operations , or through

8084-505: Was awarded to the Crosley Broadcasting Corporation of Cincinnati on April 4, 1947. It was the first broadcast television license granted by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to Dayton. However, due to several delays, the station did not actually go on the air until March 15, 1949, as WLWD, on channel 5, twenty days after CBS affiliate WHIO-TV began broadcasting. From the very first day, it has operated from

8178-440: Was completed on December 19, reuniting WDTN with WCMH-TV (the former WLWC). On January 27, 2016, it was announced that Nexstar Broadcasting Group would buy Media General for $ 4.6 billion, and WDTN became part of "Nexstar Media Group". The deal was approved by the FCC on January 11, 2017, and it was completed on January 17. A carriage dispute with AT&T , lasting from 11:59 p.m. on July 3 to August 29, 2019, resulted in

8272-436: Was dropped. WDTN shut down its analog signal, over VHF channel 2, on June 12, 2009, the official date on which full-power television stations in the United States transitioned from analog to digital broadcasts under federal mandate. The station's digital signal remained on its pre-transition UHF channel 50, using virtual channel 2. WDTN moved its digital signal from channel 50 to channel 31 on November 8, 2019, as part of

8366-506: Was either previously renewed or originally signed. While many television and radio stations maintain affiliations with the same network for decades, on occasion, there are certain factors that may lead a network to move its programming to another station (such as the owner of a network purchasing a station other than that which the network is already affiliated with, the network choosing to affiliate with another local station in order to improve local viewership of its programming by aligning with

8460-724: Was the second link of a group of inter-connected stations which made up the "WLW Television Network", and was named for Crosley's flagship Cincinnati radio station WLW ; the "D" referred to Dayton. The other stations were WLWT in Cincinnati and WLWC (now WCMH-TV ) in Columbus , both also owned by Crosley. The three outlets shared common regional programming, most of which was produced in Cincinnati and sent by way of microwave link to Dayton and Columbus (such as The 50-50 Club with Ruth Lyons , and later Bob Braun ; The Paul Dixon Show ; and Midwestern Hayride ). All three stations were also NBC affiliates, and had secondary relationships with

8554-497: Was the voice heard on WDTN's station IDs , news intros, promos , and other voice-over work. In September 2011, Van Dyke was replaced by Roger Rose . On January 1, 2016, WDTN added the Escape network (now Ion Mystery ) to its lineup on its second digital subchannel, replacing a standard-definition feed of the main WDTN programming previously airing on that subchannel. On January 31, 2016,

8648-701: Was then known as Hearst-Argyle Television. Argyle had purchased WDTN's former sister station, WLWT, that January, as part of a trade deal between Argyle II and Gannett Broadcasting which caused WLWT and its Oklahoma City sister station, KOCO-TV , to swap ownership with WZZM in Grand Rapids, Michigan , and WGRZ-TV in Buffalo, New York . For the same reason that forced the breakup of Avco's television group 20 years earlier, Hearst-Argyle could not keep both stations (common ownership of stations with overlapping city-grade signals would not be allowed until 2000). It opted to keep

8742-550: Was then left to go with WKEF. On January 1 , 1980, WDTN and WKEF swapped network affiliations. Five months after joining ABC, in May 1980, Grinnell College announced it would sell WDTN to the broadcasting division of the Hearst Corporation . The sale was finalized over a year later, in September 1981 for a price of over $ 47 million. In August 1997, Hearst's television group merged with Argyle Television Holdings II to form what

8836-526: Was then more issue-oriented (greatly reducing the station's program budget). Donahue's show went national in 1970. Since most programs on the WLW television regional network originated from WLWT in Cincinnati, it was the first time WLWD was the originator of a program. Aside from Paul Dixon's weekday morning show, other Cincinnati-based programming that aired on WLWD included: The 50-50 Club , hosted by Ruth Lyons (succeeded by Bob Braun after Lyons' 1967 retirement), and

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