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34-455: It lies 1 mile (1.6 km) west of the river Saône , and is around 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Lyon . The inhabitants of the town are called Caladois . Villefranche-sur-Saône was founded in 1212 by Guichard IV , count of Beaujeu ( Arpitan : Bôjor/Biôjœr ), and became in the 14th century the capital of the Beaujolais ( Arpitan : Biôjolês ) province. It endured three sieges in

68-407: A ballot (meaning a turnout of 74.56%). 33,883,463 of these (95.53% of the total voters) cast their ballots in metropolitan France (turnout: 76.26%), 1,003,910 (2.83% of the total voters) cast their ballots in overseas France (turnout: 53.59%), and 579,954 (1.64% of the total voters) cast their ballots in foreign countries (French people living abroad; turnout: 45.84%). The French National Assembly

102-765: A limited volume of water. By contrast, a medium-sized flood of the lesser Saône can turn into a significant flood downstream, if the Doubs brings in a similar contribution at about the same time. Historic floods include: The reference flood in town planning is the 100-year flood . This reference was in the course of being modified as maps linked to modelling the 1840 flood in modern town planning conditions were distributed to local mayors in December 2008, and as new prevention plans were ordered for 2012. Metropolitan France Metropolitan France ( French : France métropolitaine or la Métropole ), also known as European France ,

136-508: A mean annual flow rate of 473 cubic metres per second (16,700 cu ft/s), with a 100-year flood flow rate of 3,180 cubic metres per second (112,000 cu ft/s) The runoff curve number from the river's entire watershed is 501 millimetres (19.7 in), and the specific flow rate rises to 15.8 litres per second per square km of watershed. Overall, the average flow rate in Lyon is 475 cubic metres per second (16,800 cu ft/s), with

170-615: A minimum of 153 cubic metres per second (5,400 cu ft/s), in August, and a maximum of 954 cubic metres per second (33,700 cu ft/s), in February. When the Saône floods, the impact varies considerably over the course of the river. A large flood with a strong flow rate upstream can be largely attenuated in the Bressan plain so as to have only moderate impact at Mâcon, particularly if it carries

204-584: A monthly average of 16.9 cubic metres per second (600 cu ft/s) in August. The runoff curve number in the upper basin of the lesser Saône is 505 millimetres (19.9 in) annually, cf. 687 millimetres (27.0 in) for the Lanterne, an elevated figure resulting from the very high rainfall in the Vosgian part of its watershed. The specific flow rate rises to 16.0 litres per second per square kilometre of watershed. The maximum instantaneous recorded flow rate

238-482: A vast plain approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) wide as far as Lyon in the basin of the former Bressan lake. The slope is very gradual, and without hydraulic projects up to the north of Chalon aimed at guaranteeing a deep navigation channel, overflows would be more frequent. At the Couzon-au-Mont-d'Or hydrological station, where the river enters the Lyon area, measurements taken between 1969 and 1986 revealed

272-567: A watershed area of 3,740 square kilometres (1,440 sq mi) (the upper basin of the lesser Saône), and has an annual maximum of 64.5 cubic metres per second (2,280 cu ft/s) and a minimum of 54.8 cubic metres per second (1,940 cu ft/s). The river exhibits seasonal variations in flow rate, with winter floods from 84 to 108 cubic metres per second (3,000 to 3,800 cu ft/s) from December to March inclusive, and summer reductions in July/August/September falling to

306-675: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Sa%C3%B4ne The Saône ( / s oʊ n / SOHN , French: [son] ; Arpitan : Sona ; Latin : Arar ) is a river in eastern France . It is a right tributary of the Rhône , rising at Vioménil in the Vosges department and joining the Rhône in Lyon , at the southern end of the Presqu'île . The name Saône derives from that of

340-481: Is made up of 577 deputies, 539 of whom (93.4% of the total) are elected in metropolitan France, 27 (4.7% of the total) in overseas France, and 11 (1.9% of the total) by French citizens living in foreign countries. Legislators in 2023 voted to use the name l'Hexagone ("the Hexagon ") to refer to what had previously been known as metropolitan France in an effort to move away from colonial language. The image of France as

374-737: Is navigable for Freycinet gauge ships and has 19 locks. The Saône is linked with the Loire by the Canal du Centre , with the Yonne by the Canal de Bourgogne , with the Marne by the Canal entre Champagne et Bourgogne (previously the Canal de la Marne à la Saône), with the Meuse by the Canal de l'Est , whose southern branch has been renamed the Canal des Vosges , and with the Rhine by

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408-679: Is the area of France which is geographically in Europe . This collective name for the European regions of France is used in everyday life in France but has no administrative meaning, with the exception of only Metropolitan France being part of the Schengen Area . Indeed, the overseas regions have exactly the same administrative status as the metropolitan regions. Metropolitan France comprises mainland France and Corsica , as well as nearby French islands in

442-649: The Antarctic Treaty in 1959). Thus, metropolitan France accounts for 82.0% of the French Republic's land territory. At sea, the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of metropolitan France covers 333,691 km (128,839 sq mi), while the EEZ of Overseas France covers 9,825,538 km (3,793,661 sq mi), for a total of 10,159,229 km (3,922,500 sq mi) in the French Republic (excluding Adélie Land). Thus, metropolitan France accounts for 3.3% of

476-646: The Atlantic Ocean , the English Channel ( French : la Manche ), and the Mediterranean Sea . Its borders have undergone significant changes over the centuries , particularly in the east, but have remained unaltered since 1947. In contrast, overseas France ( France d'outre-mer ) is the collective name for all the French departments and territories outside Europe . Metropolitan and overseas France together form

510-652: The Canal du Rhône au Rhin . All the canals are Freycinet gauge . Also navigable are the small Canal de Pont-de-Vaux (3 km), the Seille, navigable in a 40-kilometre (25 mi) stretch up to Louhans , as well as the lower part of the Doubs. None of these three connect the Saône to any other waterway. The lesser Saône has a tendency to flood (sometimes influenced by snow), with a very strong oceanic effect. The soils are not susceptible to much infiltration , so that they saturate quickly which contributes to surface runoff . The flow rate grows very quickly, and after receiving

544-558: The Gallic river goddess Souconna , which has also been connected with a local Celtic tribe, the Sequanes . Monastic copyists progressively transformed Souconna to Saoconna , which ultimately gave rise to Saône . The other recorded ancient names for the river were Brigoulus and Arar . The Saône rises at Vioménil at the foot of the cliff of the Faucilles  [ fr ] in

578-520: The Treaties of the European Union do. Likewise, they oppose treating overseas France and metropolitan France as separate entities. For example, INSEE used to calculate its statistics (demography, economy, etc.) for metropolitan France only, and to analyze separate statistics for the overseas departments and territories. People in the overseas departments have opposed this separate treatment, arguing that

612-511: The Vosges at an elevation of 392 metres (1,286 ft); it flows into the Rhône at Lyon at an elevation of 158 metres (518 ft). Its length is 473 kilometres (294 mi). Its largest tributary is the Doubs ; upstream of receiving the Doubs at Verdun-sur-le-Doubs in Saône-et-Loire , the Saône is called the "Petite Saône" (lesser Saône), which reflects the large contribution of the Doubs to

646-467: The 15th and 16th centuries. The town walls were taken down early in the 19th century. The population data in the table and graph below refer to the commune of Villefranche-sur-Saône proper, in its geography at the given years. The commune of Villefranche-sur-Saône absorbed the former communes of Béligny and Ouilly (partly) in 1853. Industries include wine-trading, metallurgy, textiles, and chemicals. The Autoroute du Sud (the principal road from Paris to

680-400: The French Republic's EEZ. According to INSEE , 65,250,000 people lived in metropolitan France as of January 2021, while 2,785,000 lived in overseas France, for a total of 68,035,000 inhabitants in the French Republic. Thus, metropolitan France accounts for 95.9% of the French Republic's population. In the second round of the 2017 French presidential election , 35,467,327 French people cast

714-476: The French Republic. Metropolitan France accounts for 82.0% of the land territory, 3.3% of the exclusive economic zone (EEZ), and 95.9% of the population of the French Republic. Some small parts of France (e.g. Cerdanya ) are a part of the Iberian Peninsula . In overseas France, a person from metropolitan France is often called a métro , short for métropolitain . The term "metropolitan France" dates from

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748-512: The Saône has the largest watershed of any French river that does not flow directly into the sea, covering approximately 1/18 of metropolitan France . In pre- Roman times the river's name was "Arar", a doubling of the Indo-European root ar (water). According to Julius Caesar 's Commentaries on the Gallic War this doubling reflected the idea that it was difficult to identify the direction of

782-593: The Saône. In fact the Doubs's mean annual flow rate is slightly stronger than that of the Petite Saône, 175 cubic metres per second (6,200 cu ft/s) compared to 160 cubic metres per second (5,700 cu ft/s); some thus assert that it is in fact the Saône that flows into the Doubs. Nonetheless, the Saône has a substantially larger watershed than the Doubs, at 11,500 square kilometres (4,400 sq mi) vs. 7,500 square kilometres (2,900 sq mi). At 30,000 square kilometres (12,000 sq mi)

816-603: The country's colonial period (from the 16th to the 20th centuries), when France was referred to as la Métropole (literally "the Metropolis"), as distinguished from its colonies and protectorates, known as les colonies or l'Empire . Similar terms existed to describe other European colonial powers (e.g. "metropolitan Britain", "España metropolitana"). This application of the words "metropolis" and "metropolitan" came from Ancient Greek " metropolis " (from μήτηρ mētēr "mother" and πόλις pólis "city, town"), which

850-519: The entire French Republic, including all of overseas France, and not just the five overseas departments. Since INSEE now calculates statistics for la France entière , this practice has spread to international institutions. For instance, the French GDP published by the World Bank includes metropolitan France and the five overseas departments. The World Bank refers to this total as "France"; it does not use

884-503: The five overseas departments, but does not include the other overseas collectivities and territories that have more autonomy than the departments. Other branches of the French administration may have different definitions of what la France entière is. For example, in contrast to INSEE, when the Ministry of the Interior releases election results, they use the term la France entière to refer to

918-466: The north of the département Haute-Saône all the way to its confluence with the Rhône (itself a navigable river) at La Mulatière , in Lyon. The navigable stretch is 367 kilometres (228 mi) long, of which 206 kilometres (128 mi) has been redeveloped to European high-capacity dimensions from Saint-Symphorien-sur-Saône to Lyon. It has 5 locks. The 161 km long part upstream from Saint-Symphorien-sur-Saône to Corre, also named Petite Saône ,

952-453: The phrase "the whole of France", as INSEE does. Metropolitan France covers a land area of 543,940 km (210,020 sq mi), while overseas France covers a land area of 119,396 km (46,099 sq mi), for a total of 663,336 km (256,115 sq mi) in the French Republic (excluding Adélie Land in Antarctica where sovereignty is suspended since the signing of

986-550: The river due to its slow rate of flow. The Battle of the Arar was the first major battle of the Gallic Wars . Its current name came from a sacred spring, Sauc-Onna , located at Chalon , which was used by Roman legionaries to refer to the entire river. R indicates a right tributary, L indicates a left tributary. The Saône is navigable from its confluence with the Coney at Corre in

1020-502: The south of France) is adjacent to the east of the town, running alongside the Saône . The church of Notre-Dame des Marais, begun at the end of the 14th and finished in the 16th century, has a tower and spire (rebuilt in 1862), standing to the right of the 15th century façade, in which are carved wooden doors. FC Villefranche Beaujolais is based in the town. Villefranche-sur-Saône is twinned with: This Rhône geographical article

1054-474: The then four overseas departments were fully part of France. As a result, since the end of the 1990s INSEE has included the four overseas departments in its figures for France (such as total population or GDP). The fifth overseas department, Mayotte , has been included in the figures for France since the mid-2010s too. INSEE refers to metropolitan France and the five overseas departments as la France entière ("the whole of France"). "The whole of France" includes

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1088-454: The waters of the Lanterne, the Saône already becomes a powerful river. The mean annual flow rate, or discharge, of the Saône has been measured over 50 years (as of 2013) at the Ray-sur-Saône hydrological station, situated about 30 kilometres (19 mi) after the Lanterne confluence between Port-sur-Saône and Gray . The figure is 59.7 cubic metres per second (2,110 cu ft/s) for

1122-491: Was 930 cubic metres per second (33,000 cu ft/s) on December 19, 1982. The greater Saône is formed by the confluence of the Doubs and the lesser Saône at Verdun-sur-le-Doubs. The Doubs brings a mean annual flow rate of 175 cubic metres per second (6,200 cu ft/s), and the lesser Saône, 160 cubic metres per second (5,700 cu ft/s). The greater Saône has only modest tributaries which have little effect on floods or other hydrological properties. It flows in

1156-666: Was the name for a city-state that created colonies across the Mediterranean (e.g. Marseille was a colony of the city-state of Phocaea ; therefore Phocaea was the "metropolis" of Marseille). By extension "metropolis" and "metropolitan" came to mean "motherland", a nation or country as opposed to its colonies overseas. Today, some people in Overseas France object to the use of the term la France métropolitaine due to its colonial history. They prefer to call it "the European territory of France" ( le territoire européen de la France ), as

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