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12-400: Known as a spa town, Vidago was a centre of mineral water treatments dating back to the late 19th century and early 20th century. For a long time distance was an impediment to the development of the town, due to the difficulty of transport. Guests would arrive by coach from Porto, using roads that were often little more than dirt path. Finally in 1907 the railroad between Régua and Vila Real

24-441: Is water from a mineral spring that contains various minerals , such as salts and sulfur compounds . It is usually still, but may be sparkling ( carbonated / effervescent ). Traditionally, mineral waters were used or consumed at their spring sources, often referred to as "taking the waters" or "taking the cure," at places such as spas , baths and wells . Today, it is far more common for mineral water to be bottled at

36-418: Is a biological or chemical agent that stops bacteria from reproducing, while not necessarily killing them otherwise. Depending on their application, bacteriostatic antibiotics , disinfectants , antiseptics and preservatives can be distinguished. When bacteriostatic antimicrobials are used, the duration of therapy must be sufficient to allow host defense mechanisms to eradicate the bacteria. Upon removal of

48-517: Is bottled at the source and has undergone no or minimal treatment. Permitted is the removal of iron , manganese , sulfur and arsenic through decantation , filtration or treatment with ozone -enriched air, insofar as this treatment does not alter the composition of the water as regards to the essential constituents which give it its properties. No additions are permitted except for carbon dioxide , which may be added, removed or re-introduced by exclusively physical methods. No disinfection treatment

60-533: Is permitted, nor is the addition of any bacteriostatic agents . A review by the World Health Organization found slightly reduced cardiovascular disease mortality from consuming harder water with higher mineral amounts, with magnesium and possibly calcium being the most likely contributors. However, mineral amounts vary greatly among different brands of mineral water, and tap water can contain similar or greater amounts of minerals. One study found that

72-526: The harder it is said to be; water with few dissolved calcium and magnesium ions is described as being soft . The U.S. Food and Drug Administration classifies mineral water as water containing at least 250 parts per million total dissolved solids (TDS), originating from a geologically and physically protected underground water source. No minerals may be added to this water. In the European Union , bottled water may be called mineral water when it

84-530: The Palace Hotel was built in 1910, it was one of the most luxurious on the Iberian Peninsula, that included concerts, tennis and croquet courts, and, on the small island within the lake, there was a spacious skating rink. Following a period of remodelling, refurbishing and renovation, the 5-star hotel reopened in 2010, which included an expanded golf course and park. Mineral water Mineral water

96-537: The bacteriostat, the bacteria usually start to grow rapidly. This is in contrast to bactericides , which kill bacteria. Bacteriostats are often used in plastics to prevent growth of bacteria on surfaces. Bacteriostats commonly used in laboratory work include sodium azide (which is acutely toxic) and thiomersal . Bacteriostatic antibiotics limit the growth of bacteria by interfering with bacterial protein production, DNA replication, or other aspects of bacterial cellular metabolism . They must work together with

108-553: The curative powers of the waters spread so far that from 1876 to 1889 they were awarded prizes in Madrid, Paris, Vienna and Rio de Janeiro. For this, Vidago was once one of the most visited Portuguese spas; the water is apparently effective in the treatment of digestive problems, as it contains sodium bicarbonate and, according to publicity leaflets, radioactive elements. Bottled mineral waters Salus and Campilho are extracted in Vidago. When

120-623: The median mineral content of North American mineral waters was lower than for tap water, though values varied widely among both groups. Additionally, other dietary sources of minerals are available and may be more cost effective and less environmentally impactful than bottled mineral water. Kozisek, Frantisek; Rosborg, Ingegerd, eds. (2020). Drinking Water Minerals and Mineral Balance Importance, Health Significance, Safety Precautions . Springer International Publishing . ISBN   9783030180348 . Bacteriostatic agent A bacteriostatic agent or bacteriostat , abbreviated Bstatic ,

132-501: The source for distributed consumption. Travelling to the mineral water site for direct access to the water is now uncommon, and in many cases not possible because of exclusive commercial ownership rights. More than 4,000 brands of mineral water are commercially available worldwide. In many places the term "mineral water" is colloquially used to mean any bottled carbonated water or soda water , as opposed to tap water . The more calcium and magnesium ions that are dissolved in water,

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144-597: Was extended to Pedras Salgadas , 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) to the south of Vidago. Three years later the first train arrived at the Vidago station, resulting in renewed popularity of the spa. During the Gilded Age , the popularity of the waters in Vidago resulted in the construction of the Hotel Palace of Vidago , which became the retreat of some Portuguese monarchs. The spa town saw its period of splendor from 1875 to 1877 when King Luís I made consecutive visits. The fame of

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