Vicente Yáñez Pinzón ( Spanish: [ b i ˈ θ e n t e ˈ ʝ a ɲ e θ p i n ˈ θ o n ] ) (c. 1462 – after 1514) was a Spanish navigator and explorer , the youngest of the Pinzón brothers . Along with his older brother, Martín Alonso Pinzón ( c. 1441 – c. 1493), who captained the Pinta , he sailed with Christopher Columbus on the first voyage to the New World , in 1492, as captain of the Niña .
31-517: Pinzón was born in Palos de la Frontera on the Atlantic coast of Huelva , youngest of the three prominent sons of seaman Martín Pinzón and his wife Mayor Vicente. His birth year is uncertain; it is generally given as c. 1462; Juan Gil concludes from legal documents that his two daughters were over the age of 20 in 1509, that it certainly cannot be later than 1469. 1469 would be quite a late date, given that there
62-577: A Village in 1914, Palos officially became Palos Park. The neighboring communities of Palos Hills and Palos Heights incorporated at later points. All three municipalities lie within Palos Township. Bibliography: Articles Books Chronicles Municipalities of Spain The municipality ( Spanish : municipio , IPA: [muniˈθipjo] , Catalan : municipi , Galician : concello , Basque : udalerria , Asturian : conceyu )
93-519: A center of the shrimp industries, and also became a center for the cultivation of the “fresón de Palos” (Palos-grown garden strawberries ), which are now exported to the European Union . On June 22, 1926, the first hydroplane to cross the Atlantic, the Plus Ultra flying boat , took off from Palos. The journey, done in six stages, ended at Buenos Aires , Argentina . Alfonso XIII of Spain gave
124-450: A genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Dilleniaceae and named in honour of Vicente Yáñez Pinzón. Together with his brother, Vicente Yáñez Pinzón is the namesake of Pinzón Island in the Galápagos . On November 19, 1999, a statue of Pinzón and his brother was dedicated in Palos de la Frontera , Spain, on the occasion of the fifth centennial of the discovery of Brazil and of
155-440: A large degree of autonomy in their local affairs: many of the functions of the comarcas and provinces are municipal powers pooled together. All citizens of Spain are required to register in the municipality they live in, and after doing so, they are juridically considered "neighbors" (residents) of the municipality, a designation that grants them various rights and privileges, and which entail certain obligations as well, including
186-503: A mansion in Triana , across the river from Seville: her own property, not his, which passed into the hands of their daughters. The last primary record of him is in 1514, in Seville or Triana. According to the chronicler Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés , he died that year, probably at the end of September. It is not known precisely where he is buried, though Oviedo expressed confidence that it
217-519: A population of three in 2022 ). Almost 40% of the Spanish population resides in just 62 municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants. 84% (6,817) of municipalities have less than 5,000 inhabitants. Castile and León alone account for 28% of municipalities but they constitute less than 6% of the population of Spain. A European report said that one of the most important problems facing local governments in Spain
248-541: A total of 8,131 municipalities in Spain, including the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla . In the Principality of Asturias , municipalities are officially named concejos (councils). The average population of a municipality is about 5,300, but this figure masks a huge range: the most populous Spanish municipality is the city of Madrid , with a population of 3,305,408 (2022) , while several rural municipalities have fewer than ten inhabitants ( Illán de Vacas , had
279-618: Is also considered the discoverer of the Oiapoque River . In 1505, Pinzón was named commander-in-chief and corregidor of the city of Puerto Rico, now called " San Juan ". This was to be the first step in the colonization of the island called "Borinquén" by its inhabitants and "San Juan Bautista" by the Spanish (now called " Puerto Rico "). However, Pinzón did not fulfill this commission. In 1508, he travelled with Juan Díaz de Solís to South America . No record exists of Pinzón after 1514. In 1832, botanists Mart. & Zucc. published Pinzona ,
310-401: Is called ayuntamiento ( municipal council or corporation ), a term often also used to refer to the municipal headquarters (city/town hall). The ayuntamiento is composed of the mayor (Spanish: alcalde ), the deputy mayors (Spanish: tenientes de alcalde ) and the deliberative assembly ( pleno ) of councillors ( concejales ). Another form of local government used in small municipalities
341-553: Is derived from the Latin word palus (“ lagoon ”). It acquired its “surname” as Palos de la Frontera in May 1642. At the time of its establishment as a town by Alfonso XI, Palos was part of the Almohad kingdom of Niebla , and was a small nucleus whose population subsisted on fishing and took advantage of the area's geographic protection against pirates and storms. Álvar Pérez is considered
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#1733084717699372-572: Is one of the two fundamental territorial divisions in Spain , the other being the provinces . Although provinces are groupings of municipalities , there is no implied hierarchy or primacy of one over the other. Instead the two entities are defined according to the authority or jurisdiction of each ( Spanish : competencias ). Some autonomous communities also group municipalities into entities known as comarcas (districts) or mancomunidades (commonwealths). The governing body in most municipalities
403-538: Is record of him being a corsair or privateer (with his older brother Martín Alonso) in Mediterranean waters between 1477 and 1479 when other towns failed to provide Palos with an adequate supply of grain in wartime. He married twice: first to Teresa Rodríguez, by whom he had two daughters, Ana Rodríguez Pinzón and Juana González Pinzón; second, probably in 1509, to Ana de Trujillo, who some surviving documents refer to as "Ana Núñez de Trujillo". It would appear that he
434-470: Is the concejo abierto (open council), in which the deliberative assembly is formed by all the electors in the municipality. The operation of the municipalities is broadly outlined by the 1985 Local Government Act. The Statutes of Autonomy of the various autonomous communities also contain provisions and many sectorial laws from national and autonomous community government determine the functions and powers of ayuntamientos. In general, municipalities enjoy
465-419: Is the very high number of little towns with a low number of inhabitants. The area of the municipal territory (Spanish: término municipal ) usually ranges 2–40 km , but some municipalities span across a much larger area, up to the 1,750.33 km of Cáceres ', the largest municipality in the country. The average land area of a Spanish municipality is about 62.23 km (24.03 sq mi), while
496-521: The Virgin of Miracles ( Virgen de los Milagros ). There is a station in the Madrid Metro named after this town. In 1850 the small town of Trenton, Illinois , located southwest of Chicago , changed its name to Palos . This recommendation was made by M. S. Powell, the local postmaster , whose ancestor Pedro Alonso Niño sailed with Christopher Columbus from Palos de la Frontera. When it incorporated as
527-622: The War of the Castilian Succession , which became a war between Castile and Portugal , to challenge Portuguese domination of the Atlantic trade. Castilian naval forces always included natives of Palos, who were considered navigational experts: ...because only the men of Palos know the ancient sea of Guinea, and were used to fighting the Portuguese from the outset of the war, and to snatch from them
558-535: The 2015 census, the city had a population of 10,365. It is most famous for being the place from which Columbus set sail in 1492, eventually reaching the Americas . The official date of foundation for Palos is 1322, when the town was granted to Alonso Carro and Carro's wife Berenguela Gómez by Alfonso XI of Castile , although the town may have been occupied during earlier centuries by Paleolithic , Tartessian , Roman , Visigothic , and Muslim inhabitants. Palos's name
589-794: The Atlantic. On August 3, 1492, the Pinta , Niña , and Santa María sailed from Palos. On board were the Spanish crew of Christopher Columbus and the Pinzón Brothers , who were natives of Palos. Palos is also the site of the Rábida Monastery where Columbus consulted with the Franciscans about his plans for organizing an expedition of discovery. The three Spanish ships landed in America on October 12, 1492. The Santa María foundered in American waters, but
620-616: The Plus Ultra to the Argentine Navy , in which it served as a postal service airplane; the Argentines donated to Spain a statue of Icarus , which is situated at La Rábida. Alfonso XIII also granted to Palos the status as a city during this time. John Paul II visited Palos on June 14, 1993, the only time a pope has visited the city. John Paul symbolically crowned the Palos's patron saint ,
651-431: The average population is about 5,988 people. Municipalities were first created by decree on 23 May 1812 as part of the liberal reforms associated with the new Spanish Constitution of 1812 and based on similar actions in revolutionary France. The idea was to rationalise and homogenise territorial organisation, do away with the prior feudal system and provide equality before the law of all citizens. Between 1812 and 1931,
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#1733084717699682-438: The brotherhood with the city, Cabo de Santo Agostinho , Brazil. English Spanish Palos de la Frontera Palos de la Frontera ( Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpalos ðe la fɾonˈteɾa] ) is a town and municipality located in the southwestern Spanish province of Huelva , in the autonomous community of Andalusia . It is situated some 13 km (8 mi) from the provincial capital, Huelva . According to
713-412: The city's real founder. He was only fourteen when Juan I of Castile granted him the towns of Palos and Villalba del Alcor in 1379 to make up for the fact that Pérez de Guzmán was forced to give up Huelva and Gibraleón , which had become part of the county of Medinaceli . Álvar Pérez de Guzmán received from Juan I the right to tax the first fifty families who settled at Palos, and he began utilizing
744-515: The establishment of the Casa de Contratación at Seville in 1503, Palos suffered a decline. Natives of Palos emigrated to America or to Seville, and Palos soon had few sailing vessels of its own. By the 18th century, the town had only about 125 inhabitants. However, during the same century, Catalan investors established a viticultural industry centered at Palos, and the population slowly reached its pre-1492 levels. Palos also transformed itself into
775-580: The lands around Palos for the cultivation of olive trees and production of olive oil . After the death of Álvar Pérez de Guzmán, his widow, Elvira de Ayala, daughter of the Chancellor of Castile, continued her husband's work until her death in 1434. Palos's Golden Age is considered to have occurred in the 15th century (especially between 1470 and 1479), when it increased its population to 2,500 inhabitants and its economy, based on fishing and seafaring expeditions to Guinea , flourished. Palos took advantage of
806-777: The other two ships returned to Palos on March 15, 1493. Palos would play a pivotal role in the settlement and Christianization of the New World in succeeding centuries. La Rábida would play a central part in the Christian evangelization of the Americas. As La Rábida was a Franciscan monastery, that order would play a dominant role in this Christianization, and some of the first missionaries were natives of Palos, including Juan Izquierdo , Juan de Palos , Juan Cerrado , Pedro Salvador , Alonso Vélez de Guevara , Juan Quintero [ es ] , Thomás de Narváez , and Francisco Camacho . With
837-589: The place was named " Cabo de Santa María de la Consolación " by Pinzón. He also sighted the Amazon River and ascended to a point about fifty miles from the sea. He called it the " Río Santa María de la Mar Dulce " ("River of Saint Mary of the Fresh Water Sea") on account of the vastness of the fresh water river mouth, and he thus became the first European explorer to discover an estuary of the Amazon River. Pinzón
868-441: The right to vote or be elected for public office in said municipality. The right to vote in municipal elections is extended to Spanish citizens living abroad. A Spaniard abroad, upon registering in a consulate , has the right to vote in the local elections of the last municipality they resided in. A Spanish citizen born abroad must choose between the last municipality his or her mother or father last lived in. As of 2022, there were
899-569: The slaves acquired in exchange for vile goods Nevertheless, the war ended in defeat for the Castilian forces, and Ferdinand and Isabella , in the Treaty of Alcáçovas (1479) gave up all rights to Atlantic and African lands and seas, with the exception of the Canary Islands , which remained Castilian. Many natives of Palos nevertheless violated the agreement and encroached upon Portuguese sea routes in
930-415: Was based in Palos at least up to and including the time of Columbus's first voyage (1492); by 1495 he was living in nearby Moguer ; after the economic failure of his 1499–1500 expedition, he appears to have moved no later than 1502 to Seville . He may have moved there to escape creditors. Historian Juan Gil, researching Pinzón's family life, found strong circumstantial evidence that his first wife left behind
961-620: Was in the cemetery of Triana. In 1499, Pinzón sailed to the South American coast. Pinzón eventually disembarked on the shore called " Praia do Paraíso ", in present-day Cabo de Santo Agostinho of the state of Pernambuco , or further northwest, in what is today Fortaleza (capital of the Brazilian state of Ceará ). According to the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) between the Crown of Castile and Portugal, Castile (later Spain) could make no claim, but