49-579: Vennaimalai is a village of Karur District located near Karur and Tiruchirappalli , in the state of Tamil Nadu , India . It is one of the residential area in Karur District and is known for Balasubramaniyaswamy Temple . Bharani Park and Cheran Matriculation are two schools located near Vennamalai. Also the Kongu Arts and Science College is located near this area. Vennaimalai has frequent buses and mini-buses from Karur town. The nearest railway station
98-562: A notification issued under the said clause shall not be varied by any subsequent notification. Article 342 (1) The President may with respect to any State or Union Territory and where it is a State, after consultation with the Governor thereof by public notification, specify the tribes or tribal communities or parts of or groups within tribes or tribal communities which shall for the purpose of this Constitution be deemed to be Scheduled Tribes in relation to that State or Union Territory, as
147-569: A population of 1,064,493 with a sex-ratio of 1,015 females for every 1,000 males, according to 2011 census . Karur is one of the oldest towns of Tamil Nadu and has played a very significant role in the history and culture of the Tamils. Its history dates back over 2000 years, and was a flourishing trading center from the early Sangam days. In the ancient and medieval times, the area was ruled by Cheras , Gangas and Cholas . The Pasupatheesvarar Temple in Karur
196-485: A targeted flow of funds and associated benefits from the annual plan of states and Union Territories (UTs) in at least a proportion to the national SC population. Twenty-seven states and UTs with sizable SC populations are implementing the plan. Although the Scheduled Castes population according to the 2001 Census was 16.66 crores (16.23% of the total population), the allocations made through SCSP have been lower than
245-434: A textile park namely, The Karur Textile Park Limited and many private contributing sectors like LGB Retreads, Rolon Chains, VKA Polymers, Shobika Impex, VKA Diary etc., have their headquarters or production units in Karur District. Karur district has 1 Government Medical College Hospital, 5 Government General Hospitals, 29 Primary Health Care centres and 168 health sub-centres. In recent years, it has gained notoriety as one of
294-414: A year, Musiri taluk was separated from Kulithalai taluk. Both taluks were reunited with Tiruchirapalli District. The Karur taluk was bifurcated to form Aravakkurichi and Karur taluks whereas Kulithalai taluk was bifurcated to form Krishnarayapuram and Kulithalai taluks. Krishnarayapuram taluk was again bifurcated to form Kadavur taluk whereas Karur taluk was also bifurcated to form Manmangalam taluk. Some of
343-662: Is a part of cauvery delta region and utilization of land area in the district is up to 44.59%. 4.76% of the land area remains as uncultivated land, and the rest 2.74% is forest area in Karur district. Black soil is the predominant soil type in this district accounting for 35.51% followed by laterite soil for 23.85% of the total soil cover. The remaining 20.31% is sandy, coastal and alluvium soil. The main crops are paddy , banana , sugarcane , beetle leaf , grams & pulses , tapioca , kora grass, groundnuts , oilseeds , tropical vegetables, garland flowers, and medicinal herbs. Karur
392-533: Is a renowned hub for bus building industry. Nearly 95% of south Indian private bus bodies are built in Karur. The total business is estimated to be around Rs.2750 crore per Annum. There are more than 200 builders in the district and they make up to 3500 buses per year, including government buses of some states like Karnataka , Tamil Nadu etc. Karur is also home to Chettinad Cements and TNPL Cements. Chettinad Cements has an installed production capacity of 600,000 tons per annum, with another 1.1 million tons expansion in
441-425: Is around 23 °C (73.4 °F), though the temperature rarely falls below 17 °C (62.6 °F). The average annual rainfall is about 775 mm (30.5 in) which gets most of its seasonal rainfall from the north-east monsoon winds, during late September to mid November. According to 2011 census, Karur district has a population of 1,064,493 with a sex-ratio of 1,015 females for every 1,000 males, much above
490-664: Is divided into two Revenue divisions, Karur and Kulithalai . alai , Krishnarayapuram , and Kadavur , their blocks include K. Paramathy, Aravakurichi, Karur, Thanthoni, Kadavur, Krishnarayapuram, Kulithalai, and Thogaimalai. Town Panchayats in Karur include Aravakurichi , Pallapatti , Punjaipugalur , TNPL Pugalur (Kagithapuram), Puliyur , Uppidamangalam , Palaya Jeyankonda Cholapuram, Krishnarayapuram , Marudur, and Nangavaram . The Major villages are : K.Paramathi , Thennilai, Thogaimalai , Pavithram , Chinnadhrapuram, Punnam chathiram, Mayanur , Lalapet , Vangal , Nerur , Ayyar malai, Velliyanai , Esanatham . Karur District
539-400: Is famous for its home textiles. The district has five major product groups: bed linens, kitchen linens, toilet linens, table linens, wall hangings. Karur generated around Rs.6000 crores in foreign exchange through direct and indirect exports in 2016. Allied industries like ginning and spinning mills, dyeing factories, weaving etc., employs at around 450,000 people in and around Karur. On
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#1732868762315588-412: Is located at 10°57'° N 78°4'° E has an average elevation of 122 metres (400 feet). It is about 371 km (231 mi) south west of Chennai (Madras), the capital of Tamil Nadu. The highest temperature is obtained in early May–June is usually about 34 °C (93.2 °F), though it usually exceeds 38 °C (100.4 °F) for a few days most years. Average daily temperature in Karur during January
637-517: Is located in Karur. This Karur district location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Karur District Karur District is one of the 38 districts (a district located centrally along the Kaveri and Amaravathi rivers) in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu . The main town in Karur District is the city of Karur , which is also the district headquarters. The district has
686-772: Is promoted in TNPL Pugalur , by the Government of Tamil Nadu with a loan assistance from the World Bank . Today TNPL is the largest producer of bagasse-based paper in the world and the 2nd largest paper producer in Asia. It produces 230,000 tons of Printing & writing paper and consumes 1 million tonnes of bagasse every year, providing more employment options. It has its finished products, production plant at Mayanur . Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL) has its receiving terminal and retails distribution plant at Attur, near Karur. Karur
735-466: Is well connected with Bengaluru in all means of transport, it is just 290 km from Bengaluru. Karur Junction railway station (Station Code – KRR) is an important railway junction in the state, connected to the Indian Railways network. Apart from this, there are 17 other stations which lie across Erode-Tiruchirappalli line and Template:Salem-Karur-Dindigul line connecting all other parts of
784-533: The Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order, 1950 lists 744 tribes across 22 states in its First Schedule. Since the independence of India, the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes were given Reservation status , guaranteeing political representation, preference in promotion, quota in universities, free and stipended education, scholarships, banking services, various government schemes and the Constitution lays down
833-837: The British-administered provinces. After independence the Constituent Assembly continued the prevailing definition of Scheduled Castes and Tribes, giving (via articles 341 and 342) the president of India and governors of the states a mandate to compile a full listing of castes and tribes (with the power to edit it later, as required). The complete list of castes and tribes was made via two orders: The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950 and The Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order, 1950 , respectively. Which are derived from colonial list and first updated in Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Lists (Modification) Order, 1956. Furthermore, independent India's quest for inclusivity
882-463: The Government of India refrains from using derogatory and anthropologically incorrect terms. Instead, it uses the terms Anusuchit Jati (Scheduled Caste) and Anusuchit Janjati (Scheduled Tribe), as defined by the Constitution of India , for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. In September 2018, the government "issued an advisory to all private satellite channels asking them to refrain from using
931-501: The Madras presidency, Karur became a taluk headquarters and was the first part of Coimbatore District and later Tiruchirappalli District . A new district was formed on 30 September 1996 by bifurcating Karur, Kulithalai and Manapparai Taluks of Tiruchirappalli district, which comprises the present-day Aravakkurichi , Manmangalam , Pugalur , Karur, Krishnarayapuram , Kulithalai, Musiri , Kadavur and Manapparai Taluks. Later, within
980-552: The Scheduled Tribes is defined as: Such tribes or tribal communities or part of or groups within such tribes or tribal communities as are deemed under Article 342 to the Scheduled Tribes for the purposes of this [Indian] Constitution. Article 341 (1) The President may with respect to any State or Union Territory and where it is a State after consultation with the Governor thereof, by public notification specify
1029-619: The Varna system. Since the 1850s, these communities were loosely referred to as Depressed Classes, with the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. The early 20th century saw a flurry of activity in the British authorities assessing the feasibility of responsible self-government for India. The Morley–Minto Reforms Report , Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms Report and the Simon Commission were several initiatives in this context. A highly contested issue in
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#17328687623151078-969: The World Health Organization and Solidarity and Action against the HIV Infection in India, with support from the District Collectorate and Tamil Nadu AIDS Control Society. Karur is connected with the rest of India through all modern means of transportation. The International highway AH-43 pass away here. There are two national highways: NH-44 (North South Corridor Road (Kashmir to Kanyakumari)) Srinagar – Kanyakumari and NH-67 (Nagapattinam – Trichy – Karur – Coimbatore – Gudalur), which connect with other major towns such as Chennai, Erode, Tiruppur , Pollachi , Hosur , Tuticorin , Dindigul , Theni , Oddanchatram , Dharapuram , Palani , Tanjore , Karaikudi , Kumbakonam , Kochi , and Pondicherry . Karur
1127-412: The case may be. (2) Parliament may by law include in or exclude from the list of Scheduled Tribes specified in a notification issued under clause any tribe or tribal community or part of or group within any tribe or tribal community, but save as aforesaid a notification issued under the said clause shall not be varied by any subsequent notification. In a broader sense, the term 'Scheduled' refers to
1176-470: The castes, races or tribes or parts of or groups within castes, races or tribes which shall for the purposes of this Constitution be deemed to be Scheduled Castes in relation to that State or Union Territory, as the case may be. (2) Parliament may by law include in or exclude from the list of Scheduled Castes specified in a notification issued under clause of any caste, race or tribe or part of or group within any caste, race or tribe, but save as aforesaid
1225-554: The commission established by the Ministry of Welfare's Resolution of 1989. In 2003, the Constitution was again amended to divide the National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes into two commissions: the National Commission for Scheduled Castes and the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes. Due to the spread of Christianity and Islam among scheduled caste communities, the converted individuals are not protected under
1274-513: The country. More than 45 Express and Passenger trains fly through Karur daily. The nearest airports are Tiruchirappalli Airport (85 km), Salem Airport (115 km), Coimbatore Airport (130 km) and Madurai Airport (135 km). The nearest major sea ports are Thoothukudi (280 km), Chennai (372 km) and Cochin (344 km). Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are officially designated groups of people and among
1323-407: The derogatory nomenclature 'Dalit', though rights groups and intellectuals have come out against any shift from 'Dalit' in popular usage". The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes comprise about 16.6% and 8.6%, respectively, of India's population (according to the 2011 census ). The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950 lists 1,108 castes across 28 states in its First Schedule, and
1372-550: The districts with the highest prevalence of HIV/AIDS in the country. In response to the epidemic, a massive district-level communication campaign (DLCC) was launched in 2006 by the USAID-funded APAC-VHS project in the district. In 2007, the district received its own ART (Antiretroviral drug therapy) Centre, located at the Government General Hospital. Also, in 2007, Karur was selected as an IMAI pilot district by
1421-414: The general principles of positive discrimination for SCs and STs. As per Article 366 (24) of Constitution of India the Scheduled Castes is defined as: Such castes , races or tribes or part of or groups within such castes, races or tribes as are deemed under Article 341 to be Scheduled Castes for the purpose of this [Indian] constitution. As per Article 366 (25) of Constitution of India
1470-559: The government on broad policy issues and the development levels of SCs and STs. Now it is included in Article 342. In 1990, Article 338 was amended for the National Commission for SCs and STs with the Constitution (Sixty fifth Amendment) Bill, 1990 . The first commission under the 65th Amendment was constituted in March 1992, replacing the Commissioner for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and
1519-459: The international textile map, Karur has become synonymous with hand loom made-ups products. The weaving industry came to Karur from Kerala and has earned a reputation for its high-quality hand-loom products today. Hand loom exports from Karur began on a modest scale with just 15 exporters in 1975 and today Karur has thousands of exporters and the products are supplied to world leading chain stores like Walmart , Target , IKEA , Åhléns etc. TNPL
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1568-707: The larger community, and overall backwardness. The scheduling process refers back to the definitions of communities used in the colonial census along with modern anthropological study and is guided by Article 341 and 342 . Per the first clause of Article 341 and 342 , the list of Scheduled communities is subject to specific state and union territory , with area restrictions to districts , subdistricts , and tehsils . Furthermore, members of Scheduled Communities are entitled based on religious criteria: Scheduled Castes must be adherents of Hinduism , Sikhism , or Buddhism , whereas Scheduled Tribes can belong to any religion to be recognized as Scheduled. The evolution of
1617-419: The legal list of specific castes and tribes of the states and union territories, as enacted in the Constitution of India , with the purpose of social justice by ensuring social security, and providing adequate representation in education, employment, and governance to promote their upliftment and integration into mainstream society. The process of including and excluding communities, castes, or tribes to/from
1666-516: The list of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes adheres to certain silent criteria and procedures established by the Lokur committee in 1965. For Scheduled Castes (SCs), the criteria involve extreme social, educational, and economic backwardness resulting from the practice of untouchability . On the other hand, Scheduled Tribes (STs) are identified based on indications of primitive traits, distinctive culture, geographical isolation, shyness of contact with
1715-601: The lower caste into the modern-day Scheduled Castes is complex. The caste system as a stratification of classes in India originated about 2,000 years ago, and has been influenced by dynasties and ruling elites, including the Mughal Empire and the British Raj. The Hindu concept of Varna historically incorporated occupation-based communities. Some low-caste groups, such as those formerly called untouchables who constitute modern-day Scheduled Castes, were considered outside
1764-548: The most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India . The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designated in one or other of the categories. For much of the period of British rule in the Indian subcontinent , they were known as the Depressed Classes. In modern literature, many castes under the Scheduled Castes category are sometimes referred to as Dalit , meaning "broken" or "dispersed" for
1813-759: The national average of 929. 40.82% of the population lived in urban areas. A total of 102,731 were under the age of six, constituting 52,969 males and 49,762 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 20.80% and 0.05% of the population respectively with the average literacy of 68%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. The district has a total of 287,095 households with 543,298 workers, comprising 83,800 cultivators, 182,639 main agricultural laborers, 10,162 in house hold industries, 231,906 other workers, 34,791 marginal workers, 2,072 marginal cultivators, 18,198 marginal agricultural laborers, 1,178 marginal workers in household industries and 13,343 other marginal workers. Languages of Karur district (2011) At
1862-671: The pipeline. EID Parry has a sugar factory unit at Pugalur with a capacity of 4000 TCD per year. It also has a 22 MW co-generation power plant, with TNPL. The leading private scheduled banks Karur Vysya Bank and Lakshmi Vilas Bank have their headquarters in Karur. Around 65% of India's production of HDPE filament and associated products are from Karur district. These are widely used in fishing and fruit cultivating areas throughout South Asia. The Karur belt also produces some very good amethyst , cat's eyes , feldspar , moonstones , aquamarines , sapphires , jasper and beryl . Apart from these, there are 3 SIDCO industrial estates,
1911-631: The president. Seventeen regional offices of the Commissioner were established throughout the country. There was an initiative to replace the Commissioner with a committee in the 48th Amendment to the Constitution, changing Article 338. While the amendment was being debated, the Ministry of Welfare established the first committee for SCs and STs (with the functions of the Commissioner) in August 1978. These functions were modified in September 1987 to include advising
1960-494: The proportional population. A strange factor has emerged of extremely lowered fertility of scheduled castes in Kerala , due to land reform, migrating ( Kerala Gulf diaspora ) and democratization of education. In the original Constitution, Article 338 provided for a special officer (the Commissioner for SCs and STs) responsible for monitoring the implementation of constitutional and legislative safeguards for SCs and STs and reporting to
2009-489: The proposed reforms was the reservation of seats for representation of the Depressed Classes in provincial and central legislatures. In 1935, the UK Parliament passed the Government of India Act 1935 , designed to give Indian provinces greater self-rule and set up a national federal structure. The reservation of seats for the Depressed Classes was incorporated into the act, which came into force in 1937. The Act introduced
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2058-556: The safeguards built into the Constitution and other legislation, the Constitution under Articles 338 and 338A provides for two constitutional commissions: the National Commission for Scheduled Castes , and the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes . The chairpersons of both commissions sit ex officio on the National Human Rights Commission . The Constitution provides a three-pronged strategy to improve
2107-401: The situation of SCs and STs: The Scheduled Castes Sub-Plan (SCSP) of 1979 mandated a planning process for the social, economic and educational development of Scheduled Castes and improvement in their working and living conditions. It was an umbrella strategy, ensuring the flow of targeted financial and physical benefits from the general sector of development to the Scheduled Castes. It entailed
2156-526: The term "Scheduled Castes", defining the group as "such castes, parts of groups within castes, which appear to His Majesty in Council to correspond to the classes of persons formerly known as the 'Depressed Classes', as His Majesty in Council may prefer". This discretionary definition was clarified in The Government of India (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1936 , which contained a list (or Schedule) of castes throughout
2205-433: The time of the 2011 census, 91.95% of the population spoke Tamil and 6.41% Telugu as their first language. Karur district has two Municipalities , 11 Town Panchayats , 158 Village Panchayats and 203 Revenue Villages . It consists of two Lok Sabha constituencies , Karur and Perambalur . The four Tamil Nadu Assembly constituencies in Karur are Aravakkurichi, Karur, Krishnarayapuram, and Kulithalai. The District
2254-479: The untouchables. The term having been popularised by the Dalit leader B. R. Ambedkar during the independence struggle. Ambedkar preferred the term Dalit over Gandhi 's term Harijan , meaning "people of Hari " ( lit. ' Man of God ' ). Similarly, the Scheduled Tribes are often referred to as Adivasi (earliest inhabitants), Vanvasi (inhabitants of forest) and Vanyajati (people of forest). However,
2303-407: The villages from Aravakkurichi and Manmangalam Taluks were separated and united to form Pugalur taluk. At present, Karur District has 7 Taluks. With headquarters at Karur, it is the centrally located district of Tamil Nadu. It is bounded by Namakkal district in the north, Dindigul district in the south, Tiruchirapalli district on the east and Erode & Tiruppur districts on the west. Karur
2352-662: Was built by the Chola kings in the 7th century. Later the Nayakars followed by Tipu Sultan also ruled Karur. The British added Karur to their possessions after destroying the Karur Fort during the war against Tipu Sultan in 1783. There is a memorial at Rayanur dedicated to the warriors who lost their lives in the fight against the British in the Anglo-Mysore Wars . Post British annexure to
2401-431: Was incident through the appointment of B. R. Ambedkar as the chairman of the drafting committee for the Constitution. Ambedkar was a scheduled caste constitutional lawyer, a member of the low caste. After 15 years since the first amendment listing Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, the government adopted updated criteria for inclusion and exclusion based on the Lokur committee report of 1965. To effectively implement
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