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30-724: The section from Nørresundby to Frederikshavn opened in 1871. In 1879 the route was continued from Nørresundby to Aalborg across the Limfjord as the Limfjord Railway Bridge was inaugurated, thus connecting the Vendsyssel railway line with the Randers–Aalborg railway line as well as the rest of the Danish railway network . The Vendsyssel railway line runs north from Aalborg to Hjørring and turns east from there to Frederikshavn, making

60-527: A flood pierced a permanent opening, the so-called Agger Channel , in the north of the 13 km long and less than 1 km wide isthmus , the Agger Tange , which had until then linked Thy with the rest of Jutland . The western part of North Jutland lost its road connection with mainland Jutland, but the towns and harbours in the western part of the Limfjord could benefit from becoming directly accessible from

90-525: A national railway company that owns all track and operates all trains in the country, for instance the Russian Railways (the world's largest rail company by network size). Other countries have many different, sometimes competing, railway companies that operate each their own lines, particularly in the United States and Canada . Countries may have both public and private railway companies, for instance

120-592: A part of Danish society little known to the establishment in Copenhagen. The western breakthrough of 1825 changed the waters of the Limfjord from brackish to salty , with a considerable current from west to east. Hypoxia sometimes occurs due to warm windless periods in summer or ice in winter. The fjord today has oceanic salinity, approximately 30 PSU (or per mille by weight) at all depths. Many animals and maritime plants that can be found in Skagerrak , Kattegat and

150-405: A pig, Limgrim , which soon grew so big that its bristles could be seen over the treetops. It strolled around and dug channels in the ground. One day it reached the sea and water broke in. This would have been at the eastern inlet of the Limfjord, at Hals . The legend is also handed down in a medieval ballad with a Christian tint. In the ballad, the pig is summoned to a Thing by peasants to pay for

180-532: Is also served by the commuter rail service Aalborg Commuter Rail . The line has three remaining branch lines : from Nørresundby the Aalborg Airport railway line branches west to Aalborg Airport , from Hjørring the Hirtshals railway line branches north to the town and ferry port of Hirtshals , and from Frederikshavn Skagen railway line branches north to the town and fishing port of Skagen . Work on

210-482: Is best known for the song Blæsten går frisk over Limfjordens vande ('The Wind Goes Fresh over the Limfjord's Waters'), a much-used "local anthem". The later ones of these Limfjord writers, along with a few others, formed the Jutland Movement , which revolted against the symbolism of the early 20th century. Instead, they wrote social realistic prose, often about poor and exploited people in the countryside, who were

240-498: The Aalborg Airport railway line branches west to Aalborg Airport . The main line passes west of Lindholm Høje and Hammer hills and continues north to Brønderslev and Hjørring . From Hjørring, the Hirtshals Line branches north to the town and ferry port of Hirtshals . The main line continues east , passing through Tolne hills to its terminus at Frederikshavn, located on the east coast of Vendsyssel. From Frederikshavn,

270-570: The North Sea can thus be found in the fjord. Due to its shallow waters, the temperature rises rather quickly during warm and sunny days from mid-April to early September. While in winter, ice can form faster during the cold periods, especially in bays with little current. Problematic ice conditions do not occur every winter. The Limfjord is notable for its tasty mussels ( Mytilus edulis ). Gourmets appreciate its oysters , which are considered to be of extraordinary size and quality. Had it not been for

300-495: The North Sea to Hals on the Kattegat . It is approximately 180 kilometres (111 miles) long and of an irregular shape with numerous bays, narrowings, and islands , most notably Mors , and the smaller ones Fur , Venø , Jegindø , Egholm and Livø . It is deepest at Hvalpsund (24 metres). Its main port is Aalborg , where a railway bridge ( Jernbanebroen over Limfjorden ) and road bridge ( Limfjordsbroen ) have been built across

330-568: The Skagen Line branches north to the town and fishing port of Skagen . The line is owned and maintained by the railway infrastructure manager Rail Net Denmark , a government agency under the Danish Ministry of Transport . It is served with InterCity and regional trains by the national railway company Danish State Railways (DSB) and local and freight trains by the regional railway company Nordjyske Jernbaner (NJ). Since 2003,

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360-409: The commuter rail service Aalborg Commuter Rail , operated by DSB, has also served the southernmost section from Aalborg to Lindholm . 57°25′57″N 9°58′13″E  /  57.4325°N 9.9702°E  / 57.4325; 9.9702 Limfjord The Limfjord ( common Danish : Limfjorden [ˈliːmˌfjoˀɐn] , in northwest Jutlandish dialect: Æ Limfjord ) is a shallow part of

390-429: The rail distance about 80 km, where the road distance is about 60 km (37 mi). The line is owned and maintained by the railway infrastructure manager Rail Net Denmark and served with passenger trains by the national railway company Danish State Railways (DSB) and local and freight trains by the regional railway company Nordjyske Jernbaner . The southernmost section from Aalborg to Lindholm

420-630: The EU requires its members to separate the national railway infrastructure managers from railway undertakings which are public and private companies providing services by operating rolling stock . This ensures conditions enabling the latter companies to compete fairly among each other, with multiple companies bidding for the privilege to operate the line for a limited time period under public service obligation aided by railway subsidies or under franchising . In addition, other companies offer trackside and rolling stock maintenance. Some countries have in turn

450-404: The Limfjord to Nørresundby , while motorway E45 crosses it through a tunnel to the east. Commercial ports also exist at Thisted , Nykøbing Mors , Skive , Løgstør , Struer , Lemvig and Thyborøn . There are also bridges at Oddesund , Sallingsund , Vilsund , Aggersund and Sebbersund , and a number of ferry crossings. From the early Middle Ages until 1825, the Limfjord was only open to

480-561: The Limfjord) and Lindholm (in Nørresundby, about 300 metres (980 ft) north of the old station) were opened as part of Aalborg Commuter Rail . In 2021, a new station Hjørring East was opened in the eastern part of Hjørring. On 28 March 2012 the Limfjord railway bridge was hit by a ship and severely damaged so it was unusable for trains. For more than a year, there was no train service, only bus service, between Nørresundby and Aalborg until

510-552: The North Sea, to the dismay of Aalborg . From the 1840s the western route became increasingly important, as Britain had opened for import of grain, and ships could return with British coal. However, the instability of Agger Channel made the towns of the western Limfjord look for a second option. In 1862, a flood pierced another opening, the Thyborøn Channel , through the remainder of Agger Tange (see satellite image ). Agger Channel

540-451: The bridge had been repaired and opened again for traffic on 29 April 2013. In 2017, the regional rail services on the Vendsyssel railway line were transferred from the national railway company DSB to the regional railway company Nordjyske Jernbaner . The Vendsyssel line runs north from Aalborg, crossing the Limfjord on a 403 metres (1,322 ft) long bascule bridge , the Limfjord Railway Bridge , to Nørresundby. From Nørresundby,

570-532: The canal obsolete. The canal is now a well-preserved heritage site. A 1946 act provided for re-closing the Channel with dams and sluices at Thyborøn, but this was never carried out. This idea re-emerged in 2005 and is now officially being investigated. It is thought that the isthmuses would be easier to preserve, and that the water level of the Limfjord would be more controllable. In periods of persistent western winds, flooding occurs on low-lying land and harbour areas in

600-725: The damage to their crops, and it is sentenced to the breaking wheel . The state environmental surveillance vessel Limgrim , based at Skive, is named after the legend. A number of writers of the Modern Breakthrough period (1870-1890) and the next decades came from the area around the Limfjord and often used it as a lyrical motif, or a setting for their prose. These include Jens Peter Jacobsen of Thisted, Johan Skjoldborg of Hannæs , Jakob Knudsen of Aggersborg , Jeppe Aakjær and Marie Bregendahl of Fjends , Nobel Prize laureate Johannes Vilhelm Jensen of Farsø and his sister Thit Jensen . Thøger Larsen of Lemvig belonged to

630-499: The geography, it is thought to have been to the south of the present one, between Ferring Sø (locally still called 'the Fjord') and Hygum Nor. Canute the Great sailed into it in 1027 on his way back from England. According to Saxo Grammaticus it closed at some time around 1200. There are records of several floods piercing the isthmus during the 16th to early 19th century. On 3 February 1825

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660-610: The route was continued from Nørresundby to Aalborg as the Limfjord Railway Bridge spanning the Limfjord was inaugurated, and the Vendsyssel railway line was connected with the Randers–Aalborg railway line as well as the rest of the Danish railway network . In 1938, the original railway bridge was replaced by the current Limfjord Railway Bridge which was inaugurated on 23 April 1938. In 1972, several stations (including Nørresundby , Sulsted and Tylstrup ) were closed. In 2003, however, two new stations Aalborg Vestby (in Aalborg, south of

690-523: The sea at its east end. In that year, the North Sea broke through from the west and created a second opening, turning the northern part of Jutland Vendsyssel-Thy into an island. An isthmus of shifting sand had separated the Limfjord from the North Sea during historic times. The present inlet, Thyborøn Channel, has existed only since 1862. A passage also existed during the Viking Age . Based on place names and

720-577: The sea, located in Denmark where it has been regarded as an inlet ever since Viking times . However, it now has entries both from the North Sea and Kattegat , and hence separates the North Jutlandic Island (Danish: Nørrejyske Ø , which includes the old provinces of Vendsyssel , Han herred and Thy ) from the rest of the Jutland Peninsula . The Limfjord extends from Thyborøn Channel on

750-488: The section from Nørresundby to Frederikshavn started in May 1869. It was opened on 16 August 1871 in the presence of King Christian IX . Passengers crossing the Limfjord , a shallow sound separating the North Jutlandic Island from the rest of the Jutland Peninsula , between Nørresundby station and Aalborg station had two opportunities: a ferry or crossing the pontoon bridge located further east on foot. On 7 January 1879

780-602: The symbolism of the 1920s. Johannes Buchholtz in Struer was a prose writer and his home was a meeting point for many of the Limfjord writers. The house is still kept up by the Struer Museum, which allows visitors. Jeppe Aakjær's farm Jenle close to Skive , Johan Skjoldborg's house in Øsløs , and the Johannes V. Jensen Museum in Farsø are also open to the public. Erik Bertelsen of Harboør

810-425: The towns of the western Limfjord, since the water can't escape through the narrow, eastern part of the Limfjord. Historically, a North Sea to Limfjord canal has also been proposed between Hanstholm harbour and Vejlerne (or Klitmøller and Thisted ), e.g. by Jørgen Fibiger in 1933, the engineer behind the project of Hanstholm harbour. According to myth, a woman (in some versions a jötunn ) gave birth to

840-504: The western breakthrough in 1825, these mussels wouldn't grow as well as they do in the waters with ocean-like salinity. 56°56′34″N 9°04′30″E  /  56.94278°N 9.07500°E  / 56.94278; 9.07500 Railway company A rail transport company is a company active within the rail industry . It can be: In some jurisdictions such as the United States , railway companies may combine these roles. Railway companies can be private or public . In Europe,

870-439: The wide, western part of the Limfjord meets the narrow eastern section, the infamous sand banks of Løgstør Grunde were an obstacle to ships. Larger ships needed to be unloaded and reloaded when passing the banks. The Frederik VII Canal at Løgstør was completed in 1861 to allow for easier passage. Traffic had increased after the western opening at Thyborøn became navigable. The sand banks were finally dredged out in 1901, rendering

900-427: Was continuously filling with sand and eventually closed in 1877. Since then, the remaining Thyborøn Channel has been kept open and navigable by dredging. The harbour of Thyborøn was built in 1914–1918 and a town was founded. The two isthmuses have shifted eastwards since the 1800s. They have only been preserved by groynes , persistent sandpumping and two road dams along their inward (eastern) side. At Løgstør, where

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