59-647: A vending machine is an automated machine that dispenses items such as snacks , beverages , cigarettes , and lottery tickets to consumers after cash , a credit card , or other forms of payment are inserted into the machine or payment is otherwise made. The first modern vending machines were developed in England in the early 1880s and dispensed postcards . Vending machines exist in many countries and, in more recent times, specialized vending machines that provide less common products compared to traditional vending machine items have been created. The earliest known reference to
118-407: A G cramp or a sash clamp but a wheel clamp or a surgical clamp. There are many types of clamps available for many different purposes. Some are temporary, as used to position components while fixing them together, others are intended to be permanent. In the field of animal husbandry, using a clamp to attach an animal to a stationary object is known as "rounded clamping." A physical clamp of this type
177-529: A logo , pretzels boomed in popularity, bringing many other types of snack foods with it. By the 1950s, snacking had become an all-American pastime, becoming an internationally recognized emblem of middle American life. Nuts are a staple of snacks in the Middle East . Among the many varieties available within the region, the most popular are almonds , walnuts , hazelnuts , pine nuts , and pistachios . According to archeological evidence, nuts have been part of
236-405: A mobile payment system. This is an advantage to the vendor because it virtually eliminates the need for a bill changer . Larger corporations with cafeterias will often request full line vending to supplement their food service. A newspaper vending machine or newspaper rack is a vending machine designed to distribute newspapers. Newspaper vending machines are used worldwide, and they can be one of
295-499: A touchscreen interface, pay for purchases using a credit or debit card and then the product is dispensed, sometimes via an internal robotic arm in the machine. The trend of specialization and proliferation of vending machines is perhaps most apparent in Japan where vending machines sell products from toilet paper to hot meals and pornography, and there is 1 vending machine per 23 people. In November 2013, online auto retailer Carvana opened
354-442: A counterweight snapped the lever up and turned off the valve. Coin-operated machines that dispensed tobacco were being operated as early as 1615 in the taverns of England. The machines were portable and made of brass . An English bookseller, Richard Carlile , devised a newspaper dispensing machine for the dissemination of banned works in 1822. Simon Denham was awarded British Patent no. 706 for his stamp dispensing machine in 1867,
413-632: A further incentive to buy came in 1897 when the Pulver Manufacturing Company added small figures, which would move around whenever somebody bought some gum from their machines. This idea spawned a whole new type of mechanical device known as the "trade stimulators". The vending machine industry in the United States is a multi-billion dollar sector. In 2023, it was estimated to be worth $ 18.2 billion, with approximately 3 million machines generating an average monthly revenue of $ 525. However, this
472-820: A more interactive user experience, and reduce operating costs while improving the efficiency of the vending operations through remote manageability and intelligent back-end analytic . Integrated sensors and cameras also represent a source of such data as customer demographics, purchase trends, and other locality-specific information. It also enables better customer-engagement for the brands through interactive multimedia and social media connectivity. Smart vending machines were No. 79 by JWT Intelligence on its list of 100 Things to Watch in 2014. According to market research by Frost & Sullivan, global shipments of smart vending machines are forecasted to reach around 2 million units by 2018, and further to 3.6 million units by 2020 with penetration rate of 20.3 percent. Snacks A snack
531-451: A much slower pace, evolved into smart vending machines. Newer technologies at a lower cost of adoption, such as the large digital touch display , internet connectivity, cameras and various types of sensors, more cost-effective embedded computing power, digital signage , various advanced payment systems, and a wide range of identification technology ( NFC , RFID , etc.) have contributed to this development. These smart vending machines enable
590-402: A niche market for selling or dispensing cannabis . In the early 21st century with legalization of cannabis in many countries, marijuana vending machines became widespread, selling products such as marijuana, hemp and CBD based products and smoke paraphernalia. The first experiments in distributing marijuana through vending machines started in the early 2010s, when they were already in use in
649-533: A percentage of the profits to charity so that locations will allow them to place the machines for free. Bulk vending may be a more practical choice than soft drink/snack vending for an individual who also works a full-time job, since the restaurants, retail stores, and other locations suitable for bulk vending may be more likely to be open during the evening and on weekends than venues such as offices that host soft drink and snack machines. The Bulk vending machines of today provide many different vending choices with
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#1733085116113708-399: A sale the door automatically returns to a locked position. A customer could open the box and take all of the newspapers or, for the benefit of other customers, leave all of the newspapers outside of the box, slowly return the door to an unlatched position, or block the door from fully closing, each of which are frequently discouraged, sometimes by a security clamp . The success of such machines
767-569: A similarly coin-operated gas meter. In 1893, Stollwerck , a German chocolate manufacturer, was selling its chocolate in 15,000 vending machines. It set up separate companies in various territories to manufacture vending machines to sell not just chocolate, but cigarettes, matches, chewing gum, and soap products. The first vending machine in the U.S. was built in 1888 by the Thomas Adams Gum Company , selling gum on New York City train platforms. The idea of adding games to these machines as
826-482: A spit before thinly slicing it. Government bodies, such as Health Canada , recommend that people make a conscious effort to eat more healthy, natural snacks, such as fruit , vegetables , nuts , and cereal grains while avoiding high-calorie, low-nutrient junk food . A 2010 study showed that children in the United States snacked on average six times per day, approximately twice as often as American children in
885-585: A user using the display interface to select the type and quantity of tickets and then choosing a payment method of either cash , credit / debit card or smartcard . The ticket or tickets are then printed and dispensed to the user. From 2000 to 2010, the specialization of vending machines became more common. Vending extended increasingly into non-traditional areas like electronics, or even artwork or short stories. Machines of this new category are generally called automated retail kiosks. When using an automated retail machine, consumers select products, sometimes using
944-404: A vending machine is in the work of Hero of Alexandria , an engineer, and mathematician in first-century Roman Egypt . His machine accepted a coin and then dispensed wine or holy water . When the coin was deposited, it fell upon a pan attached to a lever. The lever opened a valve which let some water flow out. The pan continued to tilt with the weight of the coin until it fell off, at which point
1003-520: A wide range of products. Products may include candy, cookies, chips, fresh fruit, milk, cold food, coffee and other hot drinks, bottles and cans of soda and other drinks, and even frozen products like ice cream. These products can be sold from machines that include hot coffee, snack, cold food, and 20 US fluid ounces (590 ml) bottle machines. In the United States, almost all machines accept bills with more and more machines accepting $ 5 bills, along with payment from traditional debit and credit cards , or
1062-529: Is a book lending vending machine used by libraries in Sweden and the U.S. state of California. The Biblio-Mat is a random antiquarian book vending machine located at The Monkey's Paw bookstore in Toronto , Canada. In 2022 RoboBurger introduced a machine to cook and vend a fresh hamburger . The cotton candy vending machine is a vending machine that dispenses freshly spun cotton candy . A French fry vending machine
1121-404: Is a flour-based cracker with brittle of peanuts, anchovies or shrimp bound by a crispy flour cracker. Rengginang or intip ( Javanese ) is a rice cracker made from sun-dried and deep fried leftover rice. Japan has a very wide range of snack foods, some of which are internationally popular, ranging from onigiri to melon pan . In 2010, the average Canadian ate 300 snacks. Canadian identity
1180-504: Is a small portion of food generally eaten between meals . A snack is often less than 200 calories, but this can vary. Snacks come in a variety of forms including packaged snack foods and other processed foods, as well as items made from fresh ingredients at home. Traditionally, snacks are prepared from a number of ingredients commonly available at home without a great deal of preparation. Often cold cuts , fruits , leftovers , nuts , sandwiches , and sweets are used as snacks. With
1239-510: Is a vending machine that dispenses hot French fries, also known as chips. The first known french fry vending machine was developed circa 1982 by the defunct Precision Fry Foods Pty Ltd. in Australia. A few companies have developed and manufactured French fry vending machines and prototypes. Furthermore, a prototype machine was also developed at Wageningen University in the Netherlands. Let's Pizza
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#17330851161131298-548: Is an average, and the industry is trending toward more sophisticated and automated vending machines, particularly in North America. This trend is driven by the increasing demand for convenience and the development of advanced technologies. For instance, the hot food vending machine sector is valued at $ 4.8 billion and is seeing significant growth as robotics companies introduce automated solutions for dispensing pasta, burgers, and groceries. The broader fresh food vending segment
1357-637: Is now spreading into the United Kingdom and becoming popular there. From the 1950s until the 1970s, vending machines were used at American airports to sell life insurance policies covering death, in case the buyer's flight crashed. However, this practice gradually disappeared due to the tendency of American courts to strictly construe such policies against their sellers, such as the Fidelity and Casualty Company of New York (which later became part of CNA Financial ). The marijuana vending machine originally found
1416-491: Is often associated with snack foods that are sold in Canada due to economic nationalism . Some Canadian snacks include ketchup chips , Smarties , Coffee Crisp , Kinder Surprise , Jos Louis , Big Turk , and Nanaimo bars . In the United States, a popular snack food is the peanut . Peanuts first arrived from South America via slave ships and became incorporated into African-inspired cooking on southern plantations . After
1475-464: Is one of the top-selling and famous Indian snack brands around the world. Indonesia has a rich collection of snacks called kue (cakes and pastry), both savoury and sweet. Traditional kue is usually made from rice flour , coconut milk, and coconut sugar , and is mostly steamed or fried rather than baked. Traditional kue are popularly known as kue basah ("wet kue") that has a moist, soft texture because of rich coconut milk. Kue kering (dried kue)
1534-422: Is predicated on the assumption that the customer will be honest (hence the nickname "honor box"), and need only one copy. A change machine is a vending machine that accepts large denominations of currency and returns an equal amount of currency in smaller bills or coins. Typically these machines are used to provide coins in exchange for paper currency, in which case they are also often known as bill changers. In
1593-558: Is projected to reach $ 8 billion by 2029, offering consumers more options for nutritious and convenient meals and snacks. Internal communication in vending machines is typically based on the MDB standard , supported by National Automatic Merchandising Association (NAMA) and European Vending & Coffee Service Association (EVA). After payment has been tendered, a product may become available by: Some products need to be prepared to become available. For example, tickets are printed or magnetized on
1652-976: Is the local name for cookies. Indonesia has several variations of kue, both native and foreign-influenced. Traditional crackers are called krupuk , made from bits of shrimp, fish, vegetables or nuts, which are usually consumed as a crunchy snack or an accompaniment to meals. These crispy snacks are sometimes added to main dishes for their crunchy texture; several Indonesian dishes such as gado-gado , karedok, ketoprak, lontong sayur, nasi uduk, asinan and bubur ayam are known to require specific types of krupuk as toppings. There are wide variations of krupuk available across Indonesia. The most popular ones would be krupuk udang ( prawn crackers ) and krupuk kampung or krupuk putih (cassava crackers). Other popular types include krupuk kulit (dried buffalo-skin crackers), emping melinjo ( gnetum gnemon crackers), and kripik (chips/crisps), such as kripik pisang ( banana chips ) and keripik singkong ( Cassava chips). Rempeyek
1711-578: Is the name of a vending machine that makes fresh pizza from scratch. It was developed in 2009 by Italian company Sitos srl. The machine combines water, flour, tomato sauce, and fresh ingredients to make a pizza in approximately three minutes. It includes windows so customers can watch the pizza as it is made. The pizza is cooked in an infrared oven. The device was invented by Claudio Torghele, an entrepreneur in Rovereto , Italy . The vending machine began in Italy and
1770-424: The 1964 New York World's Fair . The machines can still be found operating in dozens of museums and zoos. This type of machine contains fresh oranges and a mechanism to cut and squeeze them in order to produce fresh juice. This type of machine sells a container that may contain a prize. Some such machines advertise the possible prizes that may be won. Examples include smart phones, holiday packages, and toys. With
1829-588: The Civil War , the taste for peanuts spread north, where they were incorporated into the culture of such popular events as baseball games and vaudeville theaters . Along with popcorn (also of South American origin), snacks bore the stigma of being sold by unhygienic street vendors . The middle-class etiquette of the Victorian era (1837–1901) categorized any food that did not require proper usage of utensils as lower-class. Pretzels were introduced to North America by
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1888-530: The Dutch , via New Amsterdam in the 17th century. In the 1860s, the snack was still associated with immigrants, unhygienic street vendors, and saloons. Due to loss of business during the Prohibition era (1920–1933), pretzels underwent rebranding to make them more appealing to the public. As packaging revolutionized snack foods, allowing sellers to reduce contamination risk, while making it easy to advertise brands with
1947-525: The Sagamihara Vending Machine Park . In 2024, it was reported that a sizeable portion of the vending machines in Japan would require updates to their acceptors in order to accept the new designs for the Japanese yen banknotes that were due to be released that year. Similar to the development of traditional mobile phones into smartphones , vending machines have also progressively, though at
2006-532: The 1970s. This represents consumption of roughly 570 calories more per day than U.S. children consumed in the 1970s. Clamp (tool) A clamp is a fastening device used to hold or secure objects tightly together to prevent movement or separation through the application of inward pressure . In the United Kingdom the term cramp is often used instead when the tool is for temporary use for positioning components during construction and woodworking ; thus
2065-685: The Middle Eastern diet for centuries with ancient civilizations taking advantage of them for their health benefits. The health benefits of nuts comes from them being good sources of protein, healthy fats, fibers, vitamins and minerals. Nuts have now become a regular snack with a 119 billion dollar market as of 2022 that is projected to continue growing into 2023. Nuts can be prepared in a variety of ways, such as by roasting them with spices and lemon juice or incorporating them into food and desserts such as baklava , knafeh , and kibbeh . Spreads and dips are eaten with pita bread . The most popular dip in
2124-593: The Syrian city of Aleppo . Baba ganoush is a spread made from roasted eggplants, olive oil, and other vegetables. The origins of baba ganoush are not clear with many conflicting pieces of evidence pointing to multiple countries of origin. A sweet dip is Ashta, a cream made from milk, rose or orange blossom water, and ghee, which is usually accompanied with honey. Many popular snacks in the Middle East are obtained from street vendors due to low cost and convenience of eating on
2183-520: The United States and Canada. The primary challenge faced in selling restricted or controlled merchandise like cannabis is to verify the identity of the buyer, which is overcome by the application of biometrics and smart vending software technology, the same technology used to verify the buyer's age in the automatic sales of tobacco. The Mold-A-Rama is a brand name for a type of vending machine that makes blow-molded plastic figurines . Mold-A-Rama machines debuted in late 1962 and grew in prominence at
2242-533: The bulk candy business can be quite high – gumballs , for instance, can be purchased in bulk for around 2 cents per piece and sold for 25 cents in gumball machines in the U.S., and other countries. Gumballs and candy have a relatively long shelf life, enabling vending machine operators to manage many machines without too much time or cost involved. In addition, the machines are typically inexpensive compared to soft drink or snack machines, which often require power and sometimes refrigeration to work. Many operators donate
2301-628: The development of advanced technology, Japanese vending machines provide more services by selling different kinds of products. Food, smartphones, SIM cards, and even clothing can be found in these machines. Apart from the most popular drink vending machines, Japanese vending machines also offer certain products depending on the demand and need for different locations. For example, products like sanitary napkins and tampons can be found in vending machines in female restrooms, while machines selling condoms are usually located in male restrooms. Convenience, low cost of running, security, and stability seem to be
2360-624: The first car vending machine in the U.S., located in Atlanta dispensing various models of used cars . In late 2016, Autobahn Motors, a car dealership in Singapore, opened a 15-story-tall luxury car vending machine containing 60 cars, dispensing Ferrari and Lamborghini vehicles. A bait machine is a vending machine that dispenses live fishing bait , such as worms and crickets, for fishing. Book vending machines dispense books, which may be full-sized. Some libraries use book vending machines. GoLibrary
2419-507: The first company to deal primarily with installing and maintaining vending machines. Also at about that time in England, Dixon Henry Davies and inventor John Mensy Tourtel patented a coin-operated reading lamp for use on trains and founded the Railway Automatic Electric Light Syndicate, Ltd. The system ran off batteries and delivered 30 minutes of light for 1d. , but was not a long-term success. Tourtel also invented
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2478-480: The first fully automatic vending machine. The first modern coin-operated vending machines were introduced in London , England in the early 1880s, dispensing postcards . The machine was invented by Percival Everitt in 1883 and soon became a widespread feature at railway stations and post offices, dispensing envelopes , postcards , and notepaper . The Sweetmeat Automatic Delivery Company was founded in 1887 in England as
2537-461: The form of free gift dispensed from the vending machine. Vending machines are also being used by entrepreneurs to sell cosmetics to those on the go as an easy convenience. Vending machines are a common sight in Japan, and are considerably popular. There are more than 5.5 million machines installed throughout the nation, and Japan holds the highest ratio of machines per person for any country with one machine for every twenty-three people. Regarding
2596-469: The go. Many of these snacks consist of a protein with bread. Falafel consists of many little fried balls of ground chickpeas or fava beans with herbs, spices served in pita bread with tahini sauce and a choice of vegetables. Falafel is believed to originate from Egypt around 1000 years ago by Egyptian Copts . Shawarma is served in a similar fashion to falafel, pita bread with sauce and vegetables, but instead prepared by slowly cooking layers of meat on
2655-557: The main distribution methods for newspaper publishers. According to the Newspaper Association of America , in recent times in the United States, circulation via newspaper vending machines has dropped significantly: in 1996, around 46% of single-sale newspapers were sold in newspaper boxes, and in 2014, only 20% of newspapers were sold in the boxes. A photo booth is a vending machine or modern kiosk that contains an automated, usually coin-operated , camera and film processor. Today,
2714-416: The main reasons for Japan to invest in vending machines. A patent for an "automatic goods vending machine" was filed in 1888 in Japan; early surviving vending machines from around the 1900s include one that dispenses stamps and postcards, and one that dispenses sake . Confectionery vending machines became widespread in the 1920s, and juice vending machines became popular in the late 1950s and 1960s. By 2000,
2773-407: The middle east is hummus . Hummus is a blend of chickpeas , tahini , lemon, and garlic usually served with olive oil and paprika on top. Hummus's origins can be traced back to a Syrian cookbook from the 13th century. Other dips are also popularly served such as mouhammara and baba ganoush . Mouhammara is a walnut, tahini, and roasted red pepper dip served with olive oil on top originating from
2832-427: The number of vending machines in Japan had grown to 5.6 million. However, from around the early 2000s, the number of vending machines in Japan decreased slightly to 5.03 million, and the sales amount also decreased gradually, in part due to the rise of digital technology and market competition. In recent years, attention has been drawn towards older machines, such as the collection of vintage vending machines installed at
2891-759: The past, cigarettes were commonly sold in the United States through these machines, but this is increasingly rare due to concerns about underage buyers. Sometimes a pass has to be inserted in the machine to prove one's age before a purchase can be made. In the United Kingdom, legislation banning them outright came into effect on 1 October 2011. In Germany, Austria, Italy, the Czech Republic , and Japan, cigarette machines are still common. Since 2007, however, age verification has been mandatory in Germany and Italy – buyers must be 18 or over. The various machines installed in pubs and cafés, other publicly accessible buildings, and on
2950-549: The process of developing the film using liquid chemicals. A stamp vending machine is a mechanical, electrical or electro-mechanical device which can be used to automatically vend postage stamps to users in exchange for a pre-determined amount of money, normally in coin. A ticket machine is a vending machine that produces tickets . For instance, ticket machines dispense train tickets at railway stations , transit tickets at metro stations and tram tickets at some tram stops and in some trams. The typical transaction consists of
3009-450: The rise of the social networks , vending machine has been integrated to social media in order to proliferate the interaction of the vending machine with the users from the physical machine to the social networks. The common application of social-networked vending machine is that the user can connect their social account to a specific social media designated by the vending machine, the user will be getting some rewards in return, normally in
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#17330851161133068-423: The sale of birth control , such as condoms or emergency contraception . Condom machines are often placed in public toilets, subway stations, airports, or schools as a public health measure to promote safe sex . Many pharmacies also keep one outside, for after-hours access. Rare examples exist that dispense female condoms or the morning after pill. Various types of food and snack vending machines exist in
3127-428: The spot, and coffee is freshly concocted. One of the most common forms of vending machine, the snack machine, often uses a metal coil which when ordered rotates to release the product. The main example of a vending machine giving access to all merchandise after paying for one item is a newspaper vending machine (also called vending box) found mainly in the U.S. and Canada. It contains a pile of identical newspapers. After
3186-535: The spread of convenience stores , packaged snack foods became a significantly profitable business. Snack foods are typically designed to be portable, quick, and satisfying. Processed snack foods, as one form of convenience food , are designed to be less perishable, more durable, and more portable than prepared foods. They often contain substantial amounts of sweeteners , preservatives , and appealing ingredients such as chocolate , peanuts , and specially designed flavors (such as flavored potato chips ). Aside from
3245-450: The street accept one or more of the following as proof of age: the buyer's identity card, bank debit card (smart card), or European Union driver's license. In Japan, age verification has been mandatory since 1 July 2008 via the Taspo card, issued only to persons aged 20 or over. The Taspo card uses RFID, stores monetary value, and is contactless. A birth control machine is a vending machine for
3304-503: The use of additives , the viability of packaging so that food quality can be preserved without degradation is also important for commercialization. A snack eaten shortly before going to bed or during the night may be called a "bedtime snack", "late night snack", or "midnight snack". Indian snack foods are typically called chaats . Snacks like pani puri and samosas have become popular outside of India. Most traditional snacks are home-made or sold by street vendors. Haldiram's
3363-446: The use of adjustable gumball and candy wheels. Adjustable gumball wheels allow an operator to not only offer the traditional 1-inch gumball, but they can also vend larger gumballs, and non-edible items such as toy capsules and bouncy balls. Adjustable candy wheels allow an operator to offer a variety of pressed candies, jelly candy, chocolates and even nuts. A full-line vending company may set up several types of vending machines that sell
3422-486: The vast majority of photo booths are digital. Traditionally, photo booths contain a seat or bench designed to seat the one or two patrons being photographed. The seat is typically surrounded by a curtain of some sort to allow for some privacy and help avoid outside interference during the photo session. Once the payment is made, the photo booth will take a series of photographs and the customer is then provided with prints. Older photo booth vending machines used film and involved
3481-620: The world. Food vending machines that provide shelf-stable foods such as chips, cookies, cakes, and other such snacks are common. Some food vending machines are refrigerated or frozen, such as for chilled soft drinks and ice cream treats, and some machines provide hot food. Some unique food vending machines exist that are specialized and less common, such as the French fry vending machine and hot pizza vending machines, such as Let's Pizza . The Beverly Hills Caviar Automated Boutique dispenses frozen caviar and other high-end foods. The profit margins in
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