3-629: Vatnaöldur ( Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈvahtnaˌœltʏr̥] ) is the name of a series of craters in the Suðurland region of Iceland . They are located in the Highlands of Iceland , north–west of the Veiðivötn and north–east of Landmannalaugar , within the municipality of Rangárþing ytra . It is part of the Eastern volcanic zone (EVZ) . The craters were formed during a series of eruptions associated with
6-453: A basaltic dyke intrusion from the volcanic system of Bárðarbunga around the year 877. These eruptions, like those of the neighbouring Veiðivötn , were from about 65 kilometres (40 mi) (or 42 kilometres (26 mi)) long volcanic fissures within the area of a lake. The mainly explosive eruptions emitted 5–10 km (1.2–2.4 cu mi) of tholeiite basalt . There was an associated rhyolite eruption near Torfajökull triggered by
9-477: The intrusion. The associated tephra layer is called the Settlement layer, and covers more than half of Iceland’s land surface. Southern Region (Iceland) Southern Region ( Icelandic : Suðurland Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈsʏːðʏrˌlant] , lit. ' Southern Land ' ) is a region of Iceland . The population of the region was 28,399 (1 January 2020). The largest town in
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