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111-405: Vélez-Málaga itself is a market city and "bustling market town and supply centre for the region's farmers", 4 km inland from Torre del Mar but unlike the coastal resort not dominated by the tourist industry. The population of Vélez Málaga in 2015 is 78,166. In 2010, the population of the municipality of Vélez-Málaga surpassed 75,000 inhabitants, being the fourth most populous municipality of

222-470: A Franco - Spanish naval force on 24 August 1704. Both sides fought an intense engagement before the Anglo-Dutch fleet withdrew the next day. The French subsequently returned to Toulon , transforming the battle from a tactical stalemate into a strategic defeat, as they would not put out to sea again for the duration of the conflict. Occurring soon after the Anglo-Dutch capture of Gibraltar a few weeks prior,

333-524: A Grand Alliance force laid siege to Gibraltar , capturing it three days later. News of the capture soon reached France, and the French Navy responded by combined their squadrons at Toulon and Brest into one fleet (consisting of 50 ships of the line , 24 galleys , nine frigates and nine fire ships ) under the command of the Count of Toulouse and Victor-Marie d'Estrées which set sail for Gibraltar roughly

444-421: A Mudejar and baroque architecture, with palaces and characteristic residential examples, as well as a series of churches and convents around which the urban fabric was conformed, Giving rise to picturesque streets and with singular urban perspectives on the own monuments that configure it. The Church of Santa María la Mayor, Gothic-Mudejar style, was built on the old Arab mosque, as shown by the minaret turned into

555-431: A balcony in the center flanked by medallions. Nautical Club of Torre del Mar: building of the modern movement inscribed Well of Cultural Interest in 2006. It was designed by the architect Francisco Estrada Romero in 1967. The plant is organized from three circles. On the façade to the sea, the curved shapes and the white of their terraces dominate. In contrast the facade that gives to earth is much more closed and incorporates

666-591: A bell tower. At present it is the headquarters of the Museum of the Holy Week of the city. The other great church of Vélez is the Church of San Juan Bautista, that occupied another one of the existing mosques. It was built in 1487, although it was modified in the 19th century. The sacristy is due to Martín de Aldehuela. The tower and the roofs are Mudejar while the cover is in the neoclassical. The Church of San Francisco, also occupies

777-404: A central, quadrangular patio, which is communicated with the rooms and stores, the latter being situated in the east and south of the building. There is a three-floored pavilion on the north façade with a four-sided sloped roof. On the west side is the long, main facade which has two heights with uniform spaces and barred windows. The building was designed by Francisco Estrada Romero, influenced by

888-451: A church dedicated to the calling of Saint Andrew the Apostle, a hermitage dedicated to Our Lady of Las Angustias (to which the entrance has recently been recovered), a cemetery as well as a number of wells and mills. In those days Mar, Emmedio and San Andrés streets already existed. The Malaga-Almeria road was built around the year 1869; this determined the urban structure of Torre del Mar which

999-467: A circular pond and a bulbous shaft. Old train station: is an example of the functional architecture of the early twentieth century, built with the arrival of the Suburban Railways of Malaga to the municipality. It responds to the regionalist and neomudéjar aesthetics of the taste of the time. Other smaller footings in different conservation status have also survived. Notable sites include: A railway

1110-475: A lack of money and the determined opposition of the city of Malaga where they tried to favour the sale of their own products. What is true is that Torre del Mar became the port of the Axarquia region and the majority of its agricultural produce (wines, raisins, oil, almonds, dried figs, citrus fruit etc.) was exported to the major ports in the north of Europe. The 19th century saw a decline in commercial growth due to

1221-465: A movement, with its own political party, to separate Torre del Mar from Vélez. Torre del Mar Torre del Mar is a locality on the southern coast of Spain , in the municipality of Vélez-Málaga , Axarquía , located in the province of Málaga . It is a popular summer tourist resort for Spanish people. A large 6th- to 8th-century necropolis was uncovered in 1967 during agricultural excavation (which damaged part of it). Systematic excavation

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1332-530: A music jazz. Vélez is currently growing rapidly, with expatriates and immigrants from other parts of Spain appearing in every part of the municipality. Ethnic minority groups include Gypsies , a small Chinese community, Moroccans , sub-Saharan Africans , and expatriates from other European Union countries especially Germany, Ireland and the United Kingdom. In 2003 there were 2,743 residents who did not have Spanish nationality. Since 1990 there has been

1443-413: A new concept of city and shortly after the conquest there were substantial changes in their urban morphology. Public squares and new civil and religious buildings were ordered, which led to important spatial transformations. The churches of Santa María, San Juan, San Roque and San Juan Evangelista, the convent of San Francisco and the hermitages of San Sebastián, San Cristóbal and Santa Catalina were built on

1554-414: A patio with vegetation, at the end of which is a small chapel. The whole place has large windows and large dimensions bringing light to the rooms. The building forms part of the contemporary history of Torre del Mar, and as such, the collective memory of the inhabitants. The house of Larios dates from 1888 and also forms part of the sugar factory complex. It was used to house the offices of the personnel and

1665-513: A portion of his fleet (consisting of 18 warships), ordering his subordinate Sir John Leake to lead it in undergoing naval patrols off the Portuguese and Spanish coastlines. Spanish Bourbons had already received news of the loss of Gibraltar, and in early September the Marquis of Villadarias led 4,000 Bourbon troops to the vicinity of the region, who were supplemented by civilian refugees which had fled

1776-482: A residence for the elderly once it stopped having sanitary use. It was built in 1680. Villa Mercedes: it is a stately house of late nineteenth century, of regionalist and Neomudéjar style, located in the Paseo Larios of Torre del Mar. Antiguo Pósito: dates from the eighteenth century and consists of two floors, one for barn, and the bottom one for fish market. The facade is divided by semicolumnas adosadas, and it contains

1887-575: A settlement of a religious community where there are several cave dwellings excavated in the rock of which was an old Mozarabic church of the 8th and 9th centuries, as well as other works in stone. It is estimated that the settlement began as a result of the first pagan persecutions in Andalusia. Beniel Palace Villa Mercedes, is the last regional dwelling that is conserved in the Walk Larios of Torre del Mar. Palace of Beniel: built between 1610 and 1616, it

1998-429: A small altar which comes from one of the villas of Paseo Larios street, which has since been knocked down. Located in Paseo Larios street, this is the only regionalist house in this area from the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century. Previously this street boasted a number of this kind of house, each enclosed by walls. This building has two floors and an attic in the regionalist, neo-mudejar style. It

2109-464: A week after its capture. Rooke received intelligence that a French fleet had been spotted approaching Gibraltar; leaving half of the marines under his command there, he immediately set off with the Anglo-Dutch fleet (which comprised 53 ships of the line, six frigates and seven fire ships) to engage the French. On 24 August, the two fleets engaged each other off the city of Málaga after the French fleet

2220-415: A wooden, gabled roof and an inset window on one side. The corners and windows are edged with bare brick. It represents the fishing activity of a place which is closely linked to the sea. This was built in 1930, as you can see on the weather vane. The building is industrial in style and has a square base supporting a rectangular prism with a number of windows opening to the outside of the lighthouse, currently

2331-403: Is an excellent example of a second home of a landowner from the industrial era towards the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. The lighthouse was built around the 1950s due to the distancing of the coast from the previous lighthouse. The building is industrial in style and has a square base supporting a rectangular prism with a number of windows opening to the outside of

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2442-422: Is at that time that some spas were opened with the intention, cautiously at first, of attracting some of the emerging tourists. However, it wasn’t until the second half of that century that this phenomenon, now a mass activity, altered the physiognomy completely by making the number of inhabitants and built-up areas grow. This has encouraged a very high tourist population which suffers strong oscillations depending on

2553-570: Is based in this place. It plays in the Tercera Federación – Group 9. 36°45′N 4°05′W  /  36.750°N 4.083°W  / 36.750; -4.083 Battle of M%C3%A1laga (1704) The battle of Málaga , also known as the battle of Vélez-Málaga , was a major fleet action which took place during the War of the Spanish Succession between an Anglo - Dutch fleet and

2664-467: Is its great height and large bays which were decorated with bare brick in the same style as the corners of the building which nowadays are covered but can be seen from outside. There is a small entrance porch with two iron poles and decoration, on either side is a set of tiles from Seville dating from the nineteenth century. These tiles make up the image of the Immaculate Conception, in the style of

2775-474: Is made up of different sections with a tower rising on the left side, in the style of the 16th century towers. At the front there is a porch with two Tuscan columns with sculpted cyma, it also has a particularly interesting stucco border with a relief showing motifs of plants. The façade is decorated by the main balcony and windows with decorative forged iron barring. The tower is three storeys tall with twin bay windows. The roofs are edged with beams or corbels. This

2886-433: Is now Toré Toré Avenue; this lighthouse has a range of 12 miles. It had to be closed due to the urban boom, and another was built right next to the beach, but this was only used for a very short time as in 1976 a new lighthouse was built, right next to the previous one and measuring 25 metres in height. In the first years of the 20th century, we see the beginnings of what will be the new economic direction of Torre del Mar. It

2997-635: Is one of the best examples of 17th century civil architecture in the city. Its design is due to Miguel Delgado, master of the Cathedral of Malaga. At present, the building is the headquarters of the María Zambrano Foundation and the International University of La Axarquía. Casa Larios: current headquarters of the Mayor's Office of Torre de Mar. These are the offices and housing of the engineer of

3108-400: Is reminiscent of types of hospitals at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century. The main body is rectangular, where the door is found with steps leading to the main floor. It is made up of two floors and a semi-basement which lifts the building up. Behind the main body six parallel pavilions extend, joined together and to the main body by a corridor, with the centre free for

3219-667: Is the Camarín de la Virgen de la Piedad, from the 17th century, located on Las Tiendas street. These signs of devotion were typical of the city. Another is conserved in the Royal Gate of the Villa, in honor to the Virgin of the Desamparados, named for being the place where during the French invasion occurred several executions of sailors. Also, a small mihrab of Arab origin is preserved in a private house in

3330-548: Is the eighteenth most populous metropolitan area of Andalusia. Old Age Although vestiges dating from the Iron Age in the old town of Vélez-Málaga have been found, the first solid news is due to the Phoenicians, who settled on the coast of the present municipality from the 8th century BC. C., preferably in estuaries of the rivers, as they document the archaeological sites of Tuscan and Chorreras. The remains of nozzles and slag found

3441-649: The 16th and 17th centuries, a deep re-modelling of the Islamic defence site was undertaken. However, it wasn’t until 1730 that important reformation of the castle was undertaken to adapt it for artillery, with the aim of relieving, as much as possible, the effects of the attacks from the British naval fleet. It was in this latter century, in 1704, that the waters of this coast witnessed a bloody naval conflict (the Battle of Velez-Málaga) between Franco-Spanish and Anglo-Dutch fleets as part of

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3552-567: The Carmelites (1699), of baroque style and manierista cover; The disappeared Convent of the Carmen, of which only the church is conserved converted into municipal theater; And the hermitages of San Cristóbal or the Remedios (17th century), that of Nuestra Señora de la Cabeza, located next to the cemetery, and that of San Sebastián (1487), which is in ruins. It is also noteworthy in the new area of expansion of

3663-531: The Church to minimalism, in which the figures of Jesus Christ and the Virgin Mary should be focal and clear. The impressive size of the crucified Christ is a work of the master of religious painting, Francisco Buiza Fernández. This is an ancestral home dating from the 19th century; it was a point of reference in the style of urbanisation in Torre del Mar. Nowadays, it is reformed and it sits between two infill buildings in

3774-542: The Council. Torre del Mar, on the other hand, was ceded to Ruiz López de Toledo, who rejected the offer and donated it, in turn, to the city of Vélez-Málaga, which also received the tahas of Bentomiz and Frigiliana and later Zalia . Like many other cities of the ancient Kingdom of Granada, Vélez-Málaga was endowed with certain privileges. In the fiscal area, it was exempt from alcabalas to basic food, clothing and housing. Modern Age The new Christian authorities brought with them

3885-528: The Factory engineer’s house. In the 70’s and 80’s, the building was used by the sugar cooperative. This building is simple and functional, in a regional style with mudejar influences, it is characteristic of the end of the 19th century, and is very similar to the factory building. The building has two floors with two pavilions joined by a transverse nave. In these pavilions you can observe the overhangs with wooden, neo-mudejar footings and glazed tiles. Of particular note

3996-411: The French in particular being concerned about a shortage of ammunition. The French fleet eventually returned to Toulon, claiming a victory in the engagement based on their enemies unwillingness to engage on the 26th. However, the French decision to return to Toulon turned what up until that point had been a tactical draw into a strategic defeat, as France never put a fleet to sea again for the duration of

4107-475: The Larios family under the name 'Factory of Nuestra Señora del Carmen'. The factory was used commercially until 1991, which saw the final production season. It was a fundamental element in the socioeconomic development of our town for generations. The building ended up being converted into an indisputable icon which is emblematic of the industrial patrimony of the coast of Malaga. In 1993, the factory’s central building

4218-542: The Larios family, the factory employed more than 300 workers. The 19th century began with an epidemic of yellow fever, which killed more than 60 percent of the population in 1804 and because of which, the military assumed the municipal government. The Napoleonic invasion divided the population into two factions that would oppose each other for most of the rest of the century. Subsequently, several cholera epidemics followed (see: Pandemic of cholera in Spain ), and periods of drought. In

4329-508: The Mudejares of Nerja and Torrox to be erected in 1488, which caused numerous losses to the Christians. Since Granada had not yet fallen, a third of the 600 repopulators, from Baja Andalucia, Extremadura, Murcia and Castile, were military personnel. These obtained three times the extension of land destined to the pawns. The rest of the lands were delivered to the Church and to the communal assets of

4440-517: The Nasrid dynasty, known as Alcozaiba Tower. This was renamed "Torre de la Mar" (tower of the sea) in 1487 when it was taken by the Catholic Monarchs . At this time it was ceded to Ruiz López de Toledo who refused the offering and donated it to the city of Velez-Málaga, this was later confirmed in the year 1571 when King Charles I confirmed the permanent concession of the castle to Velez-Málaga. During

4551-523: The Spanish War of Succession. This battle was settled without a clear winner, despite the numerous casualties suffered on both sides. Throughout the 18th century, a gradual urban development was started, with the building of houses in the areas surrounding the castle. These were grouped around the farmstead of the Casa de la Viña, where a small neighbourhood was built. As well as the building of new houses, in 1748,

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4662-497: The War of Spanish Succession. It took place off the coast of Vélez-Málaga on August 24, 1704. Vélez-Málaga was constituted in the neuralgic center of the zone, that still today maintains like capital of the Axarquía. In Torre del Mar most of the vine and citrus cultivations of the region were concentrated and from there they were sold and exported to northern Europe. Other lands were dedicated to

4773-592: The battle served as one of the numerous engagements which took place for control over the settlement during the war. In 1701, the War of the Spanish Succession broke out, pitting the Bourbon kingdoms of France and Spain against Grand Alliance , which included the English and Dutch. An Anglo-Dutch fleet under Sir George Rooke was sent into the Mediterranean in 1704, capturing Gibraltar on 4 August. Upon receiving news of

4884-523: The battle, both fleets returned home; strategically, the battle proved to be a success for the Grand Alliance, which saw their occupation of Gibraltar continue for the remainder of the conflict. Rooke unloaded as many men and material as he could before returning to England on 24 September. Upon receiving news of the loss of Gibraltar, Spanish Bourbons quickly moved to recapture it, beginning an investment in late September. However, several attempts to storm

4995-511: The capture, the French dispatched a fleet to link up with the Spanish Navy and recapture it; Rooke received word of the attempt and mobilised his ships to intercept them. Rooke's ships spotted the Franco-Spanish fleet on 22 August, engaging them two days later. Both sides exchanged broadsides for several hours before the Anglo-Dutch fleet ran low of ammunition and withdrew the next day. After

5106-469: The city in this period would result in the overflow of the fortified area and the appearance of suburbs in the areas of what today constitute the neighborhood of Arroyo de San Sebastián and the area of Pajarillo, on the slope of Cerro Of the Remedies. In the surroundings of the medina, in addition, there were a series of farms that are the origin of the nuclei of Almayate, Benajarafe and Cajiz among others. Before

5217-677: The city, popularly known as the Barrio, the Church of San José that was built in 2007 and which came to replace a small chapel that was erected canonically in 1971 in Linares street . It is worth mentioning the votive crosses of the city, initially four, but only two are preserved: the Cross of the Lamb and the Cross of San Sebastián, built after the Castilian conquest in each of the gates of the city. Another notable building

5328-509: The coat of arms of the city. The Nasrid inhabitants were expelled from the city, although they were allowed to carry their personal property. However, the villagers were able to stay in their homes, as the new authorities needed to maintain the Nasrid productive system, based on advanced highly productive agricultural techniques. Nevertheless, the Mudejar were frequently victims of rapine by the new lords, who worked hard to increase their lands, causing

5439-493: The conflict, allowing the Grand Alliance to gain naval supremacy in the Mediterranean. Once he had ensured that the French Navy was no longer pursuing him, Rooke ordered his fleet to sail for Gibraltar for repairs on 19 August. Having managed to successfully counter the French naval threat, Rooke left as much men, weaponry and supplies as he could at Gibraltar before sailing for home on 24 September. Before leaving, he split off

5550-577: The cultivation of cereals, vegetables and sugar cane. During the seventeenth century there was a decline in population, due to the epidemics and wars that affected Spain at the time. The incursions of the Turkish and Berber pirates were constant in this century. The watchtowers on the coast gave alarm to the detachment based in Vélez, which temporarily housed the Captaincy General de la Costa. The municipal Cabildo

5661-514: The dark color of the brick seen. Sources: two stand out: the fountain of Fernando VI, of white marble and Renaissance style, located in the place of the Constitution. It is named after being transferred during the reign of this king, although it dates back to the reign of Philip II, as shown in a shield of the source.37 The other is the fountain of the Plaza de las Glorias, dating to the century XVI and has

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5772-465: The different departments are distributed. The standout features are the large wooden windows. There are views from the upper floor, looking out directly over the promenade and the sea. The building is clearly reminiscent of the kind of architecture of housing which is closely linked to areas of leisure for the bourgeoisie of the era, who enjoyed the rooms on the weekends and in summer for entertainment and relaxation. The football club UD Torre del Mar

5883-529: The drastic decision to build a new temple was made. The new building was in the modernist style, in the shape of a basilica, the layout and decoration was as prescribed by the second Vatican council predominantly reflecting simplicity, austerity and good feeling. The interior is completely diaphanous with no columns or pillars obstructing the view of the single altar, this was possible due to the new possibilities of concrete. Traditional decoration and ornaments are considered obstacles to 'correct' worship, which led

5994-404: The end of the 19th century, and the space has been occupied by houses since then. The classic baroque entrance is made of stone slabs from Cerro del Peñón. The structure is marked by two pillars composed of the base, shaft and capital. While being restored, a bare-brick lintel was added as well as a small alcove. The hermitage occupied the full length of the houses that now stand and was entered from

6105-425: The engagement, while the French Navy's belief in the "defensive power of a well-ordered line" was reinforced as a result of the battle. Though both sides had fire ships at their disposal, none were expended during the battle, a fact which Tracy claims was a consequence of 18th-century naval battles increasingly taking place in the open sea (as opposed to their 17th-century counterparts, many of which prominently featured

6216-571: The exploitation of iron metallurgy, an activity to which port and commercial was linked, as is seen in the area of Manganeto, where the original Phoenician jetty of this settlement and the Greek amphoras Containers of attic oil found in this enclave. This pier should have been used extensively for the mooring of Phoenician vessels in development, initially, of its important fishing activity. Of the Roman occupation, evidences are in different deposits, but especially in

6327-473: The head of a large military expedition to conduct a campaign in the Iberian Peninsula . In May of that year, Royal Navy officer Sir George Rooke led a combined Anglo-Dutch fleet into the Mediterranean, accompanied by Austrian army officer Prince George of Hesse-Darmstadt and Dutch States Navy admiral Gerard Callenburgh . After an attempt to capture Barcelona (then under Bourbon control) on 30 May

6438-412: The hermitage of Our Lady of las Angustias was erected. The basic pillars of the economy of Torre del Mar was agriculture, fishing, and trade, this last one was facilitated by the enormous inlet, although the lack of port structures greatly limited activity since the goods had to be transported by barge. Despite the great efforts made by the council of Velez in this area, these efforts were fruitless due to

6549-541: The industrialisation of the sector, and in 1846 he built a modern sugar factory in the old mill of Torre del Mar. However, this has to be sold to the Larios family due to financing issues. The Larios family ran the Factory Nuestra Señora del Carmen in Torre del Mar for 134 years, while holding great economic and political power throughout the whole county. From 1988, sugarcane production began to decrease drastically and in 1991 Torre del Mar had its last harvest. In

6660-531: The interior a few kilometers from the coast. The following nuclei in importance by population are Torre del Mar and Caleta de Velez, located on the coast. These three nuclei, which are very close to each other, are increasingly close to each other because of the population that forms part of the town or town and is linked by the Avenida del Rey Juan Carlos I and Paseo Marítimo. Along the coast are other smaller towns such as Almayate, Valle-Niza, Benajarafe and Chilches, on

6771-496: The lack of necessary infrastructure, at the time of increased exploitation of sugar cane. The preindustrial activity in this area started in 1796, the year in which José García Navarrete asked for authorisation to build a sugar mill. Afterwards, Ramón de la Sagra, philosopher and business owner, propelled the creation of the Sociedad Azucarera Peninsular (Peninsular Sugar Society) in 1845, with the objective of starting

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6882-401: The larger cities of Spain are also available from Vélez through the transportation infrastructure. Vélez-Málaga has an airport (Axarquía airport), and a fishing port. The Autovía del Mediterráneo crosses through the middle of its territory, with a junction to the carretera nacional (national highway) 340. The municipality's boundaries include some 25 km of coastline. The Vélez River is

6993-434: The largest group is from Romania, which represents about 13% of the total number of foreigners.12 There is also a small Chinese community, dedicated to restaurants and shops; People from Muslim countries, mostly from Morocco; Of countries in sub-Saharan Africa; As well as from Community countries, mainly German and British, and from Eastern Europe. The main center of the municipality is the town of Vélez-Málaga proper, located in

7104-433: The lighthouse. It is topped by an entablature or moulding where the catadioptric system was kept. The lighthouse was built with polygonal stone slabs and the corners and windows were also edged with stone blocks. The inside is organised with an axis with a spiral staircase to go up to the top. Next to the tower is a small building which was used to house the electrical generator. This was a single-story rectangular building with

7215-418: The line out of the battlefield to safety. Meanwhile, the Anglo-Dutch fleet suffered from a shortage of round shot and gunpowder during the battle, having expended large quantities of ammunition bombarding Gibraltar during their capture of the settlement. As the night set in, senior officers in the Anglo-Dutch fleet ordered a redistribution of ammunition among their ships to sustain the engagement, though by

7326-402: The lower windows are covered. It is topped by an entablature or moulding where the catadioptric system is kept. The lighthouse was built with polygonal stone slabs and the corners and windows were also edged with stone blocks. The inside is organised with an axis with a spiral staircase to go up to the top. Next to the tower is a small building which was used to house the electrical generator. This

7437-461: The mid-19th century, Torre del Mar had a council, although this was for a brief period of 4–6 years (1842-1848), this is recorded in Pascual Madoz’s "Geographical, Statistical, Historical Dictionary of Spain and its overseas possessions". In those times the region had 739 people living in 174 houses. There were many stores, a large place for salting products alongside a salt store, a primary school,

7548-401: The modern movement from the second half of the 20th century, and manifests the unique uses of a maritime town such as Torre del Mar. This is the castle-fort which is the original centre of what is now Torre del Mar. This coastal bastion was once small in size and its purpose was to watch the coast and protect the boats that docked in the natural port. Over time the fortification got further from

7659-492: The most notable in Andalusia. Vélez-Málaga is one of the last places in Europe where public cockfighting is conducted. The town has an active Flamenco music scene centred around its local peña (Peña Flamenca Niño de Vélez) and Flamenco Abierto, an organisation that puts on regular performances across the Axarquía region which has recently attracted the likes of El Pele, Diego Carrasco & Family and Jorge Pardo . Jorge Pardo play

7770-463: The municipality joined the tourist boom, which radically transformed the town of Torre del Mar with the construction of large apartment blocks. Starting from 1960s, Vélez-Málaga experienced a boom in tourism. Historical Center The historical center of Vélez-Málaga is declared historical-artistic ensemble. It is composed of two facing hills: the Velez Malaga Fortress, where the remains of

7881-583: The neighborhood of La Gloria, as well as remains of some ancient Arab baths in the same area. One of the few stupas of Spain is in the nucleus of Triana: the Kalachakra Stupa. It is a contemporary construction of 13 m of height, but of a type of stupa unusual. It belongs to the Karma Guen center, dedicated to the great lamas of the Kagyu lineage in Europe. Finally, it is worth mentioning the hermit complex of Almayate,

7992-462: The next month, he launched several assaults on the settlement, inflicting numerous casualties on the defenders. After receiving supplies from Leake on 21 October, the garrison repulsed a major Franco-Spanish assault on 11 November. The siege soon settled into a stalemate, punctuated by naval engagements and another failed Bourbon assault on 7 February 1705. It was eventually abandoned on May 1705, and Gibraltar would remain under Grand Alliance control for

8103-440: The next morning each ship only had approximately ten cannonballs left per gun. When a change in the wind direction gave the French fleet a favourable weather gage , Rooke and Callenburgh decided to withdraw, deciding that the shortage of ammunition onboard their ships meant that they could no longer continue the engagement. As noted by historian Cathal J. Nolan, the French captains present proved reluctant to pursue, being unaware of

8214-424: The old mosques. In the second half of the sixteenth century there was a great urban development with the construction of monasteries such as Nuestra Señora de Gracia and San José de la Soledad, giving rise to the so-called convent town. As for the civil buildings, the hospitals of Los Lazarinos and San Marcos are developed. The Battle of Málaga (1704) , as painted by Isaac Sailmaker , was the largest naval battle of

8325-541: The one of Cerro del Mar, remains of what was the necropolis of the maritime city of Maenoba, located in the area of Torre del Mar. The Romans developed the salting industry And the production of garum, whose bases had already settled the Phoenicians. Also in this time they developed an incipient agriculture and the fishing. Middle Ages It was in Moorish times when the urban nucleus of Vélez-Málaga, whose name derives from: Ballax, Ballix, Aballix or Ballix-Malica. The Muslim city

8436-410: The organic architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright. It is small-scale with two floors and two different areas: One social and one for boats. The floor is arranged around three circles of differing sizes and a number of rectangles. Of the many different elements the glass tower in the shape of an inverted cone stands out, its function was to control the races and auxiliary lights. The building is an example of

8547-496: The other. The conflict erupted over a dispute on whether Bourbon prince Philip of Anjou , supported by King Louis XIV of France , or Habsburg royal Archduke Charles , backed by the Grand Alliance, would succeed to the Spanish throne and assume control over Spain's colonial empire after Charles II of Spain died on 1 November 1700. Archduke Charles landed at Lisbon in March 1704 at

8658-493: The province, behind the capital , Marbella and Mijas . In general, the demographic growth of Vélez Málaga has been high in the last decades. The population is formed by people from all corners of La Axarquía , as well as by population alien to it. It is necessary to emphasize a great community of gypsies, that concentrates mainly in the districts of La Villa, La Gloria, Carabanchel and Las Malvinas. Foreigners without Spanish nationality according to 2008 data were 8923. Of these,

8769-517: The provincial capital through the Suburban Railways of Malaga. With the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War and the establishment of the subsequent Spanish State , there were great calamities in the municipality, especially during the massive evacuation of the civilian population of Málaga in the direction of Almeria, in the so-called massacre of the Málaga-Almería highway. From the 1960s onwards,

8880-411: The railway station for the suburban line from Malaga to Velez-Málaga. This hundred-year-old house stands at the foot of the mount Monte de la Viña in the original town centre of Torre del Mar, right next to the millenary channel of the fort house. The inhabitants abandoned this place to move to the vicinity of the old castle, which was out of service in the mid-19th century. The building is built around

8991-444: The rest of the war. According to Canadian historian Nicholas Tracy in his 2007 work Nelson's Battles: The Triumph of British Seapower , the naval engagement off Málaga "established in both British and French tactical thinking the absolute importance of maintaining the defensive strength of a well-ordered line of battle." Naval officers in both navies proceeded to place a greater emphasis on training their crews in gunnery skills after

9102-461: The sea due to the progression of the ground. In 1730, an important reformation was carried out shaping it into what nowadays we know as the castle of Torre del Mar. In this reformation, they added a second front made up of two small curtains joined to the artillery battery which occupied the centre, and on the ends, two towers which already existed in the old space. The castle also boasted the military building and stores, its second great function being

9213-460: The season. Tourism also caused a change in customs and ways of thinking as contact with tourists meant the Spanish population began to share the nonconformist and liberal mentality of Europe at this time, causing the rupture of the out-of-date, traditionalist, Spanish culture. This compact train station from 1904 has a rectangular body and a single hall with two floors and two side sections running along

9324-404: The second half of the century there was a brief economic resurgence, but the phylloxera plague ruined the vineyards. In addition, the earthquake of 1884 devastated the area, which would only begin to recover economically with the expansion of sugar cane cultivation. In spite of the calamities that occurred in this century, the city undergoes a great urban growth, expanding by the areas of Cruz Verde,

9435-521: The service ceased in April 2012. Along the tramline are the state-of-the-art Torre del Mar hospital and a major shopping mall, El Ingenio whose main store is Eroski. The transportation infrastructure is currently being expanded to deal with the extensive growth. The bus terminal is also being expanded, with service through Torre, through María Zambrano all the way to the Málaga Airport. Buses and trains to

9546-529: The settlement were repulsed by its garrison, and the siege was eventually lifted in May 1705. The battle of Málaga went on to play a role in solidifying the importance of a defensive line of battle in British and French tactical thinking. In 1701, the War of the Spanish Succession broke out, pitting an anti-French coalition known as the Grand Alliance on one side and the Bourbon kingdoms of France and Spain on

9657-499: The settlement. The Marquis of Villadarias also made plans to reinforce his army with 8,000 more men in anticipation of an upcoming Bourbon siege of Gibraltar. Aware that the Spanish would soon lay siege to Gibraltar, Prince George set about reinforcing the settlement's fortifications and garrison. In late September, the Marquis of Villadarias began an investment of Gibraltar , being reinforced by 3,000 French soldiers on 4 October. Over

9768-421: The shape of a 'T' with a garden area in the front. The building has two floors and an original gallery has been preserved which was found in good condition prior to the reformation works. Currently, on the lower ground, the exhibition and help-desk are located. This leaves the upper floor for the department offices for tourism. As for the central part of the building, a glass covered patio was planned, around which

9879-410: The side. The entrance is both an historical and artistic element, and is testimony to the old hermitage in this place. This home was constructed by the Larios family, possibly around the year 1907. This building was once called 'The building of Ave Maria' and was dedicated to charity. Later, in 1936, it was given over for use as schools and given the name 'Home of the Virgin of La Victoria'. The building

9990-412: The sides of the main building. It has an eclectic decoration, using neo-mudejar style brickwork for the edges of the doors, openings and corners. It also has overhanging eaves and gabled roofs with green glass tiles. The lower, central section has two doors on each side of the lower floor and openings over each door. The side sections are only one story high and have similar entrances. The building served as

10101-636: The significant watercourse. Neighbouring municipalities are: The city also includes an exclave , Lagos , which is bordered to the north by Sayalonga , to the east by Torrox , to the south by the Mediterranean, and to the west by Algarrobo . Almayate , Benajarafe , Cajiz , Caleta de Velez , Chilches , Lagos , Mezquitilla , Trapiche , Triana , Torre del Mar , Valle-Niza , Vélez Málaga . Barrio del Pilar, La Villa, Pueblo Nuevo de la Axarquía "Carabanchel", La Gloria, Capuchinos, Barrio Barcelona, Carretera de Arenas, Camino de Algarrobo, Camino viejo de Málaga, San Francisco. The most important event of

10212-597: The site of a mosque and is Mudejar-Renaissance style. It was founded by the Catholic Monarchs and built between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Originally it was part of the Real Convent of Santiago, disappeared on the occasion of the confiscation of 1836 and of which only the church has remained. The Convent of the Claras (seventeenth century), of late Baroque style and rococo ornamentation, are notable; The Convent of

10323-408: The storage of agricultural products from all over the county, (such as raisins, wine and citrus fruit) ready for export. The castle of Torre del Mar is an emblematic icon forming part of the current history of the town. All that is left of the hermitage is the entrance, which was erected by Pedro González, founder of the brotherhood, in the early second half of the 18th century. It later disappeared at

10434-400: The sugar factory. It was built in 1888. Casa Cervantes: so called because Miguel de Cervantes stayed in it when he visited the city, although this fact is not confirmed. The façade has large balconies of forge and the cover, Gothic elements. It emphasizes its interior patio with gallery of semicircular arches and columns of brick. Former Hospital of San Juan de Dios: it was used until recently as

10545-517: The superior gunnery skills of their crews, which had killed 3,000 sailors, marines and officers from the Anglo-Dutch fleet (in comparison, the French lost 1,500 men killed and wounded). During the battle, neither side lost a single ship, though both fleets had suffered extensive damage; many ships in the Anglo-Dutch fleet had lost some or all of their masts. On 26 August, the two fleets sighted each other again, though no engagement occurred as both sides were reluctant to commit their ships to battle, with

10656-555: The tower of the Homage and the Church of Santa María la Mayor stand out, and the Cerro de San Cristóbal, crowned by the Ermita de los Remedios, from where A small architecture is scattered, of cubic forms in white tones that adapt to the land, conformed by the districts of "La Villa" and the "Arrabal de San Sebastián". Extramuros, in what corresponds to the development from the sixteenth century, presents

10767-407: The town had about 24,000 inhabitants. 1,291 houses collapsed completely, 500 became uninhabitable and the rest were damaged. There were 6 dead and 16 to 30 injured. The lower part of town, built on clays and sands, suffered more damage than the upper part, on shales. At the beginning of the 20th century, the railroad arrived at Torre del Mar and later at Vélez-Málaga, both of which were communicated to

10878-575: The unstoppable advance of the Crown of Castile over the Kingdom of Granada, Vélez-Málaga surrendered to King Ferdinand the Catholic on April 27, 1487, with the last Nasrid Mayor Abul Kasim Venegas and his first Christian mayor being Corregidor Diego Arias. According to the chroniclers of the time, King Ferdinand II of Aragon (Fernando el Católico) was about to die on the site of the city, a fact that has been reflected in

10989-429: The walks of Andalusia and Reñidero, El Cerro and the Cross of the Lamb. In the year 1842, Torre del Mar obtains its own town hall, which had already been claimed previously. But its municipal term was too small and the port was under the jurisdiction of Vélez, reason why six years later, in 1848, it is reincorporated to the mother township, according to records in the cabildo. At the time of the 1884 Andalusian earthquake

11100-545: The western side, and Mezquitilla and Lagos, on the eastern side. In the interior they stand out: Cajiz, Los Pepones, Trapiche, Triana and Cabrillas Different nuclei of population of the Metropolitan Area of Vélez Málaga.14 Metropolitan area of Vélez Málaga [edit] The metropolitan area of Vélez Málaga has 92,928 inhabitants. The metropolitan area of Vélez Málaga is formed by the municipalities of: Vélez Málaga, Algarrobo, Benamocarra, La Viñuela, Benamargosa, Arenas and Iznate. It

11211-564: The year is the Royal San Miguel festival, held at the end of September and the beginning of October each year. Other festivals celebrated include the Veladilla el Carmen, Santiago (St James) and Santa Ana. Semana Santa or Holy Week is also one of the most important dates on the town's calendar. With 19 individual cofradias (brotherhoods) and processions involving ornate floats commemorating the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus, it's one of

11322-493: Was a single-story rectangular building with a wooden, gabled roof and an inset window on one side. The corners and windows are edged with bare brick. It was around 1796, when José García Navarrete started producing sugar in Torre del Mar, yet it wasn’t until 1846, under Ramón de la Sagra, that the new Factory was built in the Cuban, industrial style using steam machinery. Consequently, due to an economic fiasco, it would be handed over to

11433-490: Was begun in 1971 by the German Archaeological Institute . There was also once a Punic-Roman city called Maenoba or Menoba (Cerro del Mar), at the mouth of the river Velez, which was a production and distribution centre for the famous Roman garum. Despite this, Torre del Mar can be considered a relatively new settlement, founded at the start of the 16th century, a settlement protected by a small castle from

11544-476: Was built from Vélez that reached the village of Ventas de Zafarraya in August 1922. It was meant to continue to Alhama de Granada , but got no further than Ventas. However, as road transport became more efficient the railway became unprofitable and was closed on 12 May 1960, A tram service used to run from Vélez to Torre del Mar , which has many shops and restaurants lacking in Vélez. However, due to funding problems

11655-567: Was clearly seen as victorious. The 18th century was a time of growth in which many churches and public buildings are built or restored. It also improved the insfraestuctura of the city and the ideas of the Enlightenment were announced with the creation in 1783 of the Economic Society of Friends of the Country. Contemporary Age Steam engine of the old sugar factory of Torre del Mar. Managed by

11766-493: Was frustrated by a lack of support from local residents, the expedition sailed for the Portuguese port of Lagos . There, they linked up with an English squadron commanded by Sir Cloudesley Shovell on 27 June and proceeded to lay anchor near Tétouan . While at anchor, senior officers in the Anglo-Dutch fleet drafted a plan to attack Gibraltar , which was under Bourbon control. On 28 July, they presented their plan to Prince George, who gave it his approval. Beginning on 1 August,

11877-530: Was monopolized by the oligarchy and even the regiments became private property. From 1640 it had its own corregimiento. Vélez-Málaga supported the Bourbons during the War of Spanish Succession, and witnessed on 23 August 1704 the naval confrontation known as the Battle of Vélez-Málaga, in which a Spanish-French fleet faced an Anglo-Dutch fleet . Between them, 146 boats were put and more than 46,000 men in combat, of which they died more than 4,500, without that neither part

11988-406: Was moved closer to the sea. In the first decade of the 20th century the railway station was built (the current bus station) and at the end of 1908 the train arrived for the first time, unfortunately this stopped running in 1968. Between 1864 and 1889, Torre del Mar had a lighthouse at the mouth of the river Velez, but this was destroyed for a while. Later, in 1930 another lighthouse was built in what

12099-425: Was restored to preserve it, this is the part that currently can be visited and is eminently for cultural use. Near this part are two original fireplaces which were part of the factory. There is also restored evaporation machinery and replica steam machinery used to obtain sugar. Due to the urban development and population increase of Torre del Mar at the end of the 1960s, the town outgrew the old neo-mudejar church, so

12210-430: Was spotted on 22 August. Rooke and Callenburgh ordered their combined fleet to form a line of battle , while the French commanders directed their ships to form a parallel crescent . A general engagement subsequently ensued over the course of the day, with the two fleets exchanging damaging broadsides which inflicted numerous casualties. French galleys would occasionally sail into the battle line to tow damaged ships of

12321-509: Was structured with the fortress in the highest point of the population, of great defensive and strategic value, extending in the western slope of the mount, in what today is known as La Villa. Between the thirteenth and fifteenth centuries, Vélez-Málaga was one of the most important cities of the Nazari Kingdom of Granada, as witnessed by authors such as Idrisi, Abulfeda, Ibn Battuta, Ibn Asim and Abd-al-Basit. The population growth experienced by

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