Defunct
14-658: Uyoku dantai ( 右翼団体 , lit. 'right-wing groups') refers to Japanese ultranationalist far-right activists, provocateurs, and internet trolls (as netto-uyoku ) often organized in groups. In 1996 and 2013, the National Police Agency estimated that there were over 1,000 right-wing groups in Japan with about 100,000 members in total. Uyoku dantai are well known for their highly visible propaganda vehicles, known as gaisensha ( 街宣車 , converted vans, trucks and buses fitted with loudspeakers and prominently marked with
28-508: A synonym for conservative , and today the main conservative party in the country is named Liberal Democratic Party ( 自由民主党 , Jiyū-Minshutō ) . The defunct Democratic Party ( 民主党 , Minshutō ) was considered in part a centrist-liberal party, as are most parties which derived from it. The liberal character of the Liberal League ( 自由連合 , Jiyū Rengō ) is disputed, as it is also considered to be conservative by some. This article
42-407: Is limited to liberal ( リベラル ) parties with substantial support, proved by having had representation in parliament. Liberals in Japan are generally considered united by one major factor: their opposition to changing the post-World War II constitution forbidding the creation of a national military. Before the 1990s, Japanese liberals did not form a prominent individual political party. Since
56-519: Is not fascism. The Liberal Democratic Party , Japanese largest right-wing party, has an ultranationalist faction. This Japan -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Liberalism in Japan Former Former Japanese liberalism ( 自由主義 or リベラリズム ) formed in the nineteenth century as a reaction against traditional society. In the twentieth century 'liberal' ( 自由 ) gradually became
70-719: The Second World War to varying degrees, deny the war crimes committed by the military during the pre-1945 Shōwa period and are critical of what they see as a "masochistic" bias in post-war historical education. Thus, they do not recognize the legality of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East or other allied tribunals and consider the war-criminals enshrined in the Yasukuni Shrine as "Martyrs of Shōwa " ( 昭和殉難者 , Shōwa junnansha ) . They support
84-562: The censorship of history textbooks , or historical negationism . Uyoku dantai are broadly classed into currents based on ideological perspective and foundation period. They are divided into traditional (pre-war), street activist (originating in the post-war era), New Right or Minzoku-ha , and Kōdō-suru Hoshu (Action Conservative Movement) groups. Defunct Defunct Japanese ultranationalist Defunct State ultranationalism or simply ultranationalism (超國家主義 or 超国家主義, Chōkokkashugi ; lit. "ultra-statism"), refers mainly to
98-553: The 1990s, most conservative liberals have left the LDP. The Japan New Party (JNP) and New Party Sakigake are the parties founded by Japanese conservative-liberals against the LDP's nationalist project, which lead to the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ)-liberalism tradition. Japan's previous liberal party, the DPJ, was led by moderates of both the right-wing LDP and left-wing JSP. Currently,
112-692: The CDPJ is the largest liberal party in Japan. The sign ⇒ means a reference to another party in that scheme. For inclusion in this scheme it isn't necessary that parties labelled themselves "liberal". In postwar Japan, liberal (リベラル) tendencies did not stand out much among major political parties for more than 40 years. During the Japanese Empire, liberals, including the Constitutional Democratic Party , were swept away by several political parties. The center-right liberal-conservatives (自由保守主義) became
126-512: The LDP becomes an increasingly solid conservative party, and the socialist movement that led the traditional anti-LDP camp has lost control in Japan's opposition political camp, gradually shifting from the centre-right "liberal" in the European and Australian sense of the past to the centre-left "liberal" in the American sense. Currently, the LDP is the largest conservative party in Japan, and
140-558: The LDP has not been considered a liberal party. In the past, liberals in the LDP became opposition forces after leaving the party, so "liberal" generally became a force against "conservative" in Japanese politics in the 21st century. The current DPJ-liberalism tradition is being continued by the Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan (CDPJ). Since Japanese conservatism was influenced by Shinto , Japan's radical liberalism and democratic socialism were more influenced by Christianity . As
154-710: The advocation of kokutai -Goji (retaining the fundamental character of the nation), hostility towards communism and Marxism , and hostility against the Japan Teachers Union . Traditionally, they view Russia (and previously the Soviet Union), China, and North Korea with hostility over issues such as communism, the Senkaku (Diaoyu) Islands and the Kuril Islands , and the kidnappings of Japanese citizens by North Korea . Most, but not all, seek to justify Japan's role in
SECTION 10
#1732898538439168-738: The name of the group and propaganda slogans) . The vehicles are usually black, khaki or olive drab, and are decorated with the Imperial Seal , the flag of Japan and the Rising Sun Flag . They are primarily used to stage protests outside organizations such as the Chinese, Korean or Russian embassies, Chongryon facilities and media organizations, where propaganda (both taped and live) is broadcast through their loudspeakers. They can sometimes be seen driving around cities or parked in busy shopping areas, broadcasting propaganda, military music or Kimigayo ,
182-554: The national anthem. The Greater Japan Patriotic Party , supportive of the US–;Japan–South Korea alliance against China and North Korea and against communism as a whole, would always have the US national flag flying side by side with the Japanese flag in the vehicles and US military marches played alongside their Japanese counterparts. While political beliefs differ among the groups, they are often said to hold in common three philosophies:
196-760: The radical statist movement of the Shōwa period , but it can also refer to extreme Japanese nationalism before and after the Shōwa period . State ultranationalists use the authority of the state/nation (国家) through Tennō as the focus of public loyalty. Other Ikki Kita 's "state socialism" or "national socialism" (国家社会主義) is a representative idea referred to as 超国家主義 in Japan. Japanese liberal scholars , including Masao Maruyama , saw Japanese state ultranationalism as fascism and referred to it as "Emperor-system fascism" ( 天皇制ファシズム , Tennōsei fashizumu ) , but Western scholars such as Roger Griffin and Robert Paxton believe it
#438561