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24-508: Prior to 2004, AMUR was called Уральский автомоторный завод (УАМЗ; in English "Ural Automotive Plant" - UamZ). AMUR declared bankruptcy and ceased operations in 2012 with all assets to be sold off. The Ural Automotor Factory was founded in 1967 as one of the subsidiaries of Zavod imeni Likhachova, more commonly known as ZiL subordinated to the USSR Ministry of Automotive Industry. In 1977,

48-402: A contract to build TATA trucks at the factory. Together, they co-produced two models of Tata 407 and Tata LPT 613 branded as Amur-4346. The partners planned on signing a 3-year contract, with the release of up to 5,000 trucks per year. But the project was never realized. In 2007, AMUR planned on establishing a joint production with China's Geely Automobile, to produce models of Geely CK and

72-719: A crew of four men. In 1918, the Italian army counted 8,206 Fiat 15 trucks in its ranks, including 710 in sanitary version. In 1907, the French Ministry of War had decided to reserve its orders to national manufacturers only. But in October 1914, it was realized that national production could not satisfy the needs of the French Army; 2,585 vehicles were delivered by the French national manufacturers in 1914. As such, foreign designs were pursued by

96-574: A new company, " MSTs6 AMO ZIL ". It employs 47 staff, mostly former ZiL workers. The company took part in the Moscow International Automobile Salon 2016. After the building of "MSTs6 AMO ZIL" was demolished in 2020, it was believed that the company ceased to exist. However, it was reported in 2021 that MSTs6 continued to operate. Its staff and equipment were moved to the Moscow Oblast . Fiat F-15 The Fiat Tipo 15

120-885: Is a light military truck produced by Fiat Veicoli Industriali . Introduced in 1911, the Tipo 15 was used by the Royal Italian Army in the Italo-Turkish War and in the First World War . It was also produced in the Soviet Union as the AMO F-15 . In 1909, the Royal Italian Army requested a light multi-role truck to transport personnel and materials. Designed by Carlo Cavalli, the Fiat Veicoli Industriali presented

144-511: Is mounted on four-spoke wheels, at the front and back. The engine on the Fiat 15 is a 3,053 cm (186.3 cu in) four-cylinder petrol Fiat Brevetti 15/20 unit, innovative at the time due to the presence of a fuel pump instead of relying on gravity feed. The Fiat 15 bis maintains the same engine, while the Fiat 15 ter is fitted with a more powerful 4,398 cm (268.4 cu in) Fiat 53A petrol engine and steel disc wheels. The Fiat 15

168-447: The Fiat 15 . This new model inaugurates a technical novelty on this type of vehicle: the fuel pump replacing a gravity feed. The truck entered military service in 1911 as the Fiat 15 bis and was heavily utilized in the Italo-Turkish War . It was nicknamed "Libya", because it was intended for use in this colony. Subsequently, in 1913, the Fiat 15 Ter , equipped with a more powerful engine,

192-562: The cult of personality of Joseph Stalin in 1956, the name was changed again to Zavod imeni Likhachyova , after its former director Ivan Likhachev . ZiL lanes , road lanes dedicated to vehicles carrying top Soviet officials, were named after the car. The ZiL limousines were the official car that carried the Soviet heads of state, and many Soviet Union allied leaders, to summits or in parades. The limousines were flown to international summits as, for example, in 1987 and 1990 to Washington, D.C. in

216-577: The 1990s. The factory is also a feature of the 2014 documentary, The Last Limousine . After the final ZiL limousine was built in 2012, the Moscow factory administration stopped truck production and the company was declared bankrupt in 2013. ZiL still exists as a legal entity, but produces no vehicles. In 2014 it was announced that the factory site will be turned into a residential development. Most factory buildings were dismantled in 2015. The factory's equipment and other automotive assets were auctioned off to

240-562: The Chinese company Great Wall Motors for the production of SUVs ZXAuto Landmark; production trials began in May 2007. In early 2008, production of passenger cars was suspended, with plans on resuming production in August 2008. AMUR planned to release 3,500 SUV models per year, but the project was discontinued. On July 16, 2010, AMUR and French manufacturer Renault Trucks entered into a joint venture for

264-635: The French government to fulfill its remaining vehicle deficit, and the Fiat 15 and 18 trucks were supplied by Fiat to serve in the French Army throughout the First World War. A first order for 500 units of the Fiat 15 came through in December 1914, followed by a second order for 600 vehicles in January 1915. On 30 June 1915, there were 635 Fiat 15 trucks in service with the French Army. On 31 May 1918, 839 trucks were assigned to aviation squadrons. The Fiat 15 Ter

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288-629: The Italo-Turkish war together with the Bianchi. After the Great War, the Fiat-Terni Tripoli bus was produced on the chassis of the Fiat 15 ter by the steel mills of Terni. During this campaign, the squadrons were also motorized with numerous Fiat 15 ter trucks (defined at the time as "tanks"), protected with armored metal plates and armed with three Schwarzlose machine guns with 15,000 rounds, conducted by

312-719: The Ministry of Automotive Industry and reorganized into the Joint-Stock Company under the name of " Ural Automotor Plants " ((RU-)" UAMZ "). The management did not survive separation from the central economics of former Soviet Union, and in 2002, the factory declared bankruptcy. In 2003, the Bank of Northern Treasury (holding North Prom Cohen) bought the remaining assets from the bankruptcy, and, in 2004, pursued reorganization into CJSC " Ural Automobiles and Motors ", abbreviated as " AMUR ". In May 2004, AMUR and India's Tata Motors entered into

336-451: The US for Mikhail Gorbachev 's official state visits. ZiL had a history of exporting trucks to Cuba , trade resumed in the early 21st century. The ZiL factory is portrayed in a number of English language documentaries. The 2001 documentary by Daniel Leconte, Lenin if you knew (renamed USSR Memories ), follows the fate of a family associated with the factory as well as the factory itself in

360-714: The company. The 6 at the exhibition "Industrial Design defense products: expressive severity and reliable functionality," the company " Intrall " ( ru:Колун ) presented the prototype armored vehicles "Колун" (Cleaver) and "Торос" (Toros) to be manufactured in the UAMZ facility. ZiL OJSC AMO ZiL , known fully as the Public Joint-Stock Company – Likhachov Plant ( Russian : Публичное акционерное общество – Завод имени Лихачёва , romanized :  Publichnoye aktsionernoye obshchestvo – Zavod imeni Likhachyova ) and more commonly called ZiL ( Russian : ЗиЛ) ,

384-406: The factory started their own production of vehicles, first of which was a terrain truck ZIL-157 . In 1987, the factory expanded its commercial production of trucks to ZIL-130 and ZIL-131 , and their common trailers. By 1992, the factory had mastered the production of special equipment vehicles based on its original trucks. In 1992, after the collapse of Soviet Union, the factory was privatized from

408-456: The first vehicle which was shown at a parade on 7 November, the AMO-F-15 . Nevertheless, the factory still managed to assemble trucks bought from Italy in 1917–1919. On 30 April 1923 the factory was named after Italian anarchist Pietro Ferrero , but in 1925 was renamed to First National Automobile Factory ( Russian : 1-й Государственный автомобильный завод). 2 years later in 1927 Ivan Likhachev

432-436: The production of light-duty trucks Midlum , under which the production would be placed at AMUR facilities. In the joint venture, AMUR was investing facilities and operating capital, and Renault Trucks was investing its manufacturing know-how and technology. In July 2011, the joint venture was suspended due to AMUR's financial distress and bankruptcy. Commencing from 2012, AMUR's management is looking for new investors to recover

456-709: Was a major Russian automobile, truck, military vehicle, and heavy equipment manufacturer that was based in Moscow . The last ZiL vehicle was assembled in 2012. The company continues to exist only as real-estate development site, on which a new urban district will be built by the LSR Group construction company. The factory was founded on 2 August 1916 as the Moscow Automotive Society or AMO ( Russian : Автомобильное Московское Общество (АМО) , romanized :  Avtomobilnoe Moskovskoe Obshchestvo (AMO) ). The factory

480-468: Was appointed as a head of the factory, a person whose name the factory bears from 1956. In April 1929, it was agreed on to expand the plant to build Autocar 2.5-ton truck models. In 1929—1931, the factory was re-equipped and expanded with the help of the American A.J. Brandt Co. , and changed its name to Automotive Factory No. 2 Zavod Imeni Stalina ( ZIS or ZiS ). After Nikita Khrushchev denounced

504-579: Was completed in 1917, just before the Revolution , and was built south of Moscow near Moscow River in Tjufeleva grove. It was a modern building with the latest in American equipment and was designed to employ 6,000 workers. The plans were to produce Fiat F-15 1.5-ton trucks under licence. Because of the October Revolution and the subsequent Russian Civil War , it took until 1 November 1924 to produce

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528-500: Was introduced. During the First World War, its production for the armed forces was joined by that of the Fiat 18 . The chassis of the civilian truck was also namely used for the preparation of buses and fire engines for the civic firefighters. From 1918, an armored car, called Fiat Terni and based on the Fiat 15 Ter truck chassis, was developed and exclusively used in Libya, earning it the name Fiat Terni-Tripoli . The Fiat 15 chassis

552-473: Was the stalwart of the first motorization of the Italian armed forces and the Royal Army acquired all versions of the truck in many configurations, including ambulance, garage, and fire engine. Alongside its use as a logistic means, Italy was the first country to use the motor vehicle directly in combat. In fact, the Fiat 15 bis was used as the basis for the construction of the armored car Fiat Arsenale, used in

576-656: Was used by several other armies during the First World War. The United Kingdom obtained 386 trucks, while the United States received only 200, despite an order for 4,000 units. Many copies were also delivered to Russia; 1,319 trucks were assembled at the AMO factory in Moscow between 1917 and 1919 with parts supplied by Fiat. The Fiat 15 Ter was then manufactured under license by AMO under the name of AMO F-15 , with 6,285 trucks built between 1924 and 1931. The total production in Italy of

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