Futsal is a football -based sport played on a hardcourt like a basketball court , smaller than a football pitch , and mainly indoors. It has similarities to five-a-side football and indoor football .
102-508: In sport, a goal may refer to either an instance of scoring, or to the physical structure or area where an attacking team must send the ball or puck in order to score points. The structure of a goal varies from sport to sport, and one is placed at or near each end of the playing field for each team to defend. Sports which feature goal scoring are also commonly known as invasion games . For many sports, each goal structure usually consists of two vertical posts, called goal posts , supporting
204-540: A cognate with Old High German ballo, pallo , Middle High German balle from Proto-Germanic *ballon (weak masculine), and Old High German ballâ, pallâ , Middle High German balle , Proto-Germanic *ballôn (weak feminine). No Old English representative of any of these is known. (The answering forms in Old English would have been beallu, -a, -e —compare bealluc, ballock .) If ball- was native in Germanic, it may have been
306-678: A goalpost while achieving the target is often known as achieving a goal. Ball A ball is a round object (usually spherical , but can sometimes be ovoid ) with several uses. It is used in ball games , where the play of the game follows the state of the ball as it is hit, kicked or thrown by players. Balls can also be used for simpler activities, such as catch or juggling . Balls made from hard-wearing materials are used in engineering applications to provide very low friction bearings, known as ball bearings . Black-powder weapons use stone and metal balls as projectiles . Although many types of balls are today made from rubber , this form
408-419: A try following a touchdown is worth one point. These are the only methods of putting the ball through the goal posts that award points to the kicking team; no points are scored if the ball is punted or thrown through the goal posts, or if the ball goes through the goal posts on a kickoff (except, in the latter case, in indoor American football , where some leagues award a single point ). In both sports,
510-408: A 6 m (20 ft) radius from the goal line, centered on the goalposts. The upper part of each quarter-circle is then joined by a 3.16 m (10.4 ft) line running parallel to the goal line between the goalposts. The line marking the edge of the penalty area is known as the penalty area line. The penalty area marks where the goalkeeper is allowed to touch the ball with hands. The penalty mark
612-414: A ball or balls and subject to rules are treated under their various names, such as polo , cricket , football , etc. In sports , many modern balls are pressurized. Some are pressurized at the factory (e.g. tennis , squash (sport) ) and others are pressurized by users (e.g. volleyball , basketball , football ). Almost all pressurized balls gradually leak air. If the ball is factory pressurized, there
714-515: A cognate with the Latin foll-is in sense of a "thing blown up or inflated." In the later Middle English spelling balle the word coincided graphically with the French balle "ball" and "bale" which has hence been erroneously assumed to be its source. French balle (but not boule ) is assumed to be of Germanic origin, itself, however. In Ancient Greek the word πάλλα ( palla ) for "ball" is attested besides
816-423: A crossbar 15 feet (4.57 m) above the playing surface and 9.5 feet (2.90 m) wide; this size is also used for most other indoor leagues as well. Uniquely in arena football, the goal posts are attached to nets on either side of the crossbar which are taut to allow the ball to rebound back onto the field of play. The nets are 30 feet (9.14 m) wide and 37 feet (11.28 m) high. These nets do not represent
918-435: A direct free kick to be taken against a team that has committed more than five fouls. The interval between the two halves cannot exceed 15 minutes. In some competitions, the game cannot end in a draw, so away goals, extra time and kicks from the penalty mark are the three methods for determining the winner after a match has been drawn. Away goals mean that if the team's score is level after playing one home and one away game,
1020-524: A game called episkyros (ἐπίσκυρος), which has often been looked on as the origin of football. It seems to have been played by two sides, arranged in lines; how far there was any form of "goal" seems uncertain. It was impossible to produce a ball that was perfectly spherical; children usually made their own balls by inflating pig's bladders and heating them in the ashes of a fire to make them rounder, although Plato (fl. 420s BC – 340s BC) described "balls which have leather coverings in twelve pieces". Among
1122-459: A goal post does not score a goal. The goal structure in Polo consists of two poles, at least 10 feet (3.0 m) high and exactly 8 yards apart. There is no crossbar and no net is required. The height at which a goal may be scored is infinite. In Hardcourt Bike Polo , a goal is scored if the ball passes completely over the goal line and the shot originated as a "shot" as defined by the rules. A shot
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#17330848902891224-399: A half, the sixth accumulated foul and beyond result in a direct kick from the penalty mark where members of both teams may not make a wall prior to the kick. The direct free kick is taken where the infringement occurred, unless it is awarded to the defending team in their penalty area, in which case the free kick may be taken from anywhere inside the penalty area. A penalty kick is awarded if
1326-427: A horizontal crossbar . A goal line marked on the playing surface between the goal posts demarcates the goal area. Thus, the objective is to send the ball or puck between the goal posts, under or over the crossbar (depending on the sport), and across the goal line. Other sports may have other types of structures or areas where the ball or puck must pass through, such as the basketball hoop . In several sports, sending
1428-400: A horizontal hoop that the ball must fall through. In basketball , the hoop and net used for scoring can be supported on a post or mechanism at each end, or on structures attached directly to the wall. The goal is the only method of scoring in several games. In each of these cases, the winner is the team that scores the most goals within the specified time. In association football , the goal
1530-542: A net is attached behind the goal frame to catch the ball and indicate that a goal has been scored; but the Laws of the Game do not mandate the use of a net and only require that any net used not interfere with the goalkeeper. In Beach soccer the goal is defined as a frame 5.50 m wide by 2.20 m tall. In Futsal the goal is defined as a frame 3 m wide by 2 m tall. In bandy , which has much of its structure from association football ,
1632-417: A player commits one of the fouls that are worthy of a direct free kick inside their own penalty area. The position of the ball does not matter as long as it is in play but for a penalty kick, the ball must be on the outer line, perpendicular to the center of the net. An indirect free kick is awarded to the opposing team if a goalkeeper clears the ball but then touches it with their hands before anyone else, if
1734-484: A scoring area, but keep the ball in play and prevent it from entering the crowd. Canadian football also offers a secondary form of goal, the rouge or single point ; it is awarded if a ball enters the end zone by way of any kick (either a missed field goal or a punt) and is not returned by the opposing team; this is not offered in American football (such a play results in a touchback instead). In both rugby codes, there
1836-408: A set of goals more difficult just as they are being met, is often used in business but is derived from association football. It is commonly used to imply bad faith on the part of those setting goals for others to meet, by arbitrarily making additional demands just as the initial ones are about to be met. In business , the concept is more abstract, with some performance measure or target being set as
1938-410: A timekeeper who are provided with equipment to keep a record of fouls in the match. In the event of injury to the second referee, the third referee will replace the second referee. The futsal pitch is made up of wood or artificial material, or similar surface, although any flat, smooth and non-abrasive material may be used. The length of the field is in the range of 38–42 m (125–138 ft), and
2040-683: A tournament was organized. It attracted some interest in South American media, which regularly began to follow futsal. In particular, it was the Brazilian journalist José Antônio Inglêz who passionately contributed to the rapid spread of the game, as well as being credited as the man who coined the name "futsal". The most attended futsal match in history was played on 7 September 2014 on Mane Garrincha Stadium in Brazil's capital Brasilia between Brazil and Argentina in front of 56,483 spectators. Today, futsal
2142-402: A wall or ceiling at lower levels of play. The ring, net, and the front, top, bottom, and sides of the backboard are all considered inbounds, while the back of the backboard and the support structure – even those parts suspended over inbounds areas of the court – are considered out of bounds. In Gaelic football and ladies' Gaelic football a goal is scored when the ball passes completely beyond
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#17330848902892244-421: Is 3.66 metres (12.0 ft) wide by 2.14 metres (7.0 ft) tall. Like association football, a goal is scored when the ball passes completely over the goal line under the crossbar and between the goal posts. Nets are required to hold the ball in. A goal is only scored if shot from within a semicircle 14.63 metres (48.0 ft) from the goal. A goal in handball is scored when the ball is thrown completely over
2346-412: Is 40 m × 20 m (131 ft × 66 ft) (the size of a handball field). The ceiling must be at least 4 m (13 ft) high. A rectangular goal is positioned at the middle of each goal line. The inner edges of the vertical goal posts must be 3 m (9.8 ft) apart, and the lower edge of the horizontal crossbar supported by the goal posts must be 2 m (6.6 ft) above
2448-432: Is a function of temperature, generally tracking ambient conditions. Softer balls that are struck hard (especially squash balls) increase in temperature due to inelastic collision . In outdoor sports, wet balls play differently than dry balls. In indoor sports, balls may become damp due to hand sweat. Any form of humidity or dampness will affect a ball's surface friction, which will alter a player's ability to impart spin on
2550-471: Is a scoring area marked at each end of the field called an in-goal area, and a separate H-shaped goal structure. The primary scoring method is a try , worth 5 points in rugby union and worth 4 points in rugby league . A try is scored by grounding the ball in the in-goal area. A goal is scored in either rugby code by place kicking or drop kicking a ball over the crossbar and between the uprights of H-shaped goalposts. The goalposts are positioned centrally on
2652-481: Is a very popular global sport, with one source estimating 12 million players across the world. Due to its easy setup, enhanced accessibility, and lower physical requirements, futsal has become an essential resource for coaches aiming to develop players. The two most important governing bodies of futsal are the Asociación Mundial de Fútsal (AMF) and Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA). AMF
2754-415: Is either 0.9 metres above the surface of the water or 2.4 metres above the floor of the pool, whichever is higher. Nets are required. The following games have more than one possible method of scoring where the goal is the primary method, i.e. the method that scores the most points. In most cases the score is shown as the number of goals, plus the number of secondary scores (usually 1 point), plus
2856-431: Is entitled to take a specified number of shots unopposed with both feet behind the free throw line. The basket consists of a metal ring 18 inches (46 cm) in internal diameter, suspended horizontally 10 feet (3.0 m) above the floor such that the center of the ring is equidistant from each sideline and 5 feet 3 inches (1.60 m) from the end line. The basket ring has a net attached below to briefly check
2958-472: Is expressed as the number of goals scored by each team, with the winner being the team that accumulated more over the specified time period. In other sports, a goal is not the sole method of scoring. In these sports, the goal is worth a set number of points but there are other methods of scoring which may be worth more, the same, or fewer points. In these sports, the score is expressed as the total number of points earned by each team. In Australian rules football
3060-572: Is made when the ball is played in a regular manner and the whole ball has passed the inner definition of the goal line between the two goal posts and the cross-bar. This is stated in section 9 of the Rules. A goal can be made directly from a stroke-off, penalty-shot, a free-stroke, a face-off or a corner stroke. Centered at each short-line of the bandy field is a 3.5 m (11 ft) wide and 2.1 m (6 ft 11 in) high goal cage, regulated to size, form, material and other properties in section 1.4 of
3162-418: Is made with either end of the mallet head similar to swinging a hammer whereas a shuffle is made with the long side like pushing a broom. Traditionally when using a non-netted goal such as two traffic cones the play is continued if the ball is shuffled through the goal of pass through the goal from the opposite direction. These non-netted goals are no long regulation in competitive play but are common depending on
Goal (sports) - Misplaced Pages Continue
3264-413: Is no offside infraction in futsal). These rules are subjective and differ from tournament to tournament. There are five players on the field on each team, one of whom is the goalkeeper. The maximum number of substitutes allowed is nine (FIFA change 2012), with unlimited substitutions during the match. Substitutes can come on even when the ball is in play but the player coming off must leave the field before
3366-503: Is played between two teams of five players each, one of whom is the goleiro. Unlimited substitutions are permitted. Unlike some other forms of indoor football, it is played on a hard court surface marked by lines; walls or boards are not used. It is played with a smaller, harder, lower-bounce ball than association football . The surface, ball and rules favour ball control and passing in small spaces. The game emphasizes control, improvisation, creativity and technique. Futsal comes from
3468-420: Is six metres from the goal line when it reaches the middle of the goalposts. The second penalty mark is 10 metres (33 ft) from the goal line when it reaches the middle of the goalposts. A penalty kick from the penalty spot is awarded if a player commits a foul inside the penalty area. The second penalty spot is used if a player commits their team's sixth foul in the opposing team's half or in their own half in
3570-407: Is stopped to caution or dismiss a player. The indirect free kick is taken from the place where the infringement occurred. Yellow and red cards are used in futsal. The yellow card is to caution players over their actions. If they get two, they are given a red card, which means they are sent off the field. A yellow card is shown if a player shows unsporting behavior, dissent, persistent infringement of
3672-478: Is the "end line", and each corner is marked with a pylon. Each end zone in American football is about 10 by 53.33 yards (9.14 m × 48.76 m) wide, while each end zone in Canadian football is about 20 by 65 yards (18 m × 59 m) wide. Unlike other sports which require the ball/puck to pass completely over the goal line to count as a score, both Canadian and American football merely need any part of
3774-494: Is the only method of scoring. It is also used to refer to the scoring structure. An attempt on goal is referred to as a "shot". To score a goal, the ball must pass completely over the goal line between the goal posts and under the crossbar and no rules may be violated on the play (such as touching the ball with the hand or arm). See also offside . The goal structure is defined as a frame 24 feet (7.32 m) wide by 8 feet (2.44 m) tall. In most organized levels of play
3876-415: Is the only one who can legally abandon the match because of interference from outside the field. This referee is assisted by a second referee who typically watches over the goal lines or assists the primary referee with calls on fouls or plays. The decisions made by the referees are final and can only be changed if the referees think it is necessary and play has not restarted. There is also a third referee and
3978-567: Is the successor organization to the original governing body. FIFA later took an interest in futsal, but talks between FIFA and AMF to reconcile governance were not successful. FIFA organizes its own separate competitions. The International Futsal Alliance (IFA) is a partnership of countries formed to offer high quality futsal tournaments throughout the world. It sees itself as ancillary rather than competing with FIFA. Its membership spans countries from North and South America, Europe, Africa, Asia, and Oceania. Several tournaments have been organized under
4080-419: Is usually a rule about whether the ball retains sufficient pressure to remain playable. Depressurized balls lack bounce and are often termed "dead". In extreme cases, a dead ball becomes flaccid. If the ball is pressured on use, there are generally rules about how the ball is pressurized before the match, and when (or whether) the ball can be repressurized or replaced. Due to the ideal gas law , ball pressure
4182-462: The Romans , ball games were looked upon as an adjunct to the bath, and were graduated to the age and health of the bathers, and usually a place (sphaeristerium) was set apart for them in the baths (thermae). There appear to have been three types or sizes of ball, the pila, or small ball, used in catching games, the paganica, a heavy ball stuffed with feathers, and the follis , a leather ball filled with air,
Goal (sports) - Misplaced Pages Continue
4284-458: The ancient Greeks , games with balls (σφαῖραι) were regarded as a useful subsidiary to the more violent athletic exercises, as a means of keeping the body supple, and rendering it graceful, but were generally left to boys and girls. Of regular rules for the playing of ball games, little trace remains, if there were any such. The names in Greek for various forms, which have come down to us in such works as
4386-463: The following year , with many (but not all) college teams following suit in the years since. The NFL, which merged with the AFL in 1970 , had its crossbar over the goal line until 1974 . In arena football , a field goal also scores three points, unless it is drop kicked , in which case it scores four points. The goal structure in arena football is much smaller than the outdoor game; it consists of
4488-403: The 'Laws of the Game', in which each of the 17 'laws' is a thematically related collection of individual regulations. The laws define all aspects of the game, including which may be changed to suit local competitions and leagues. Many of the laws are similar or identical to those found in association football, or reference association football in their absence (such as a section noting that there
4590-514: The Bandy Playing Rules. The cage has a net to stop the ball when it has crossed the goal-line. The cage shall be of an approved model. In front of the goal cage is a half-circular penalty area with a 17 m (56 ft) radius. A penalty spot is located 12 metres (39 ft) in front of the goal and there are two free-stroke spots at the penalty area line, each surrounded by a 5 m (16 ft) circle. The goal structure in field hockey
4692-542: The FIFA Futsal Men's World Ranking are: The top 20 teams according to the FIFA Futsal Women's World Ranking are: 5th European Universities Championship 14-19/7/2008 Wroclaw (Poland) CFA Futsal International Tournaments - Changshu Story ^n/a A round-robin tournament determined the final standings. Hangzhou International Futsal Tournament Story ^n/a A round-robin tournament determined
4794-446: The Laws of the Game, delaying the restart of play, failing to respect the distance of the player from the ball when play is being restarted, infringement of substitution procedure or entering, re-entering and leaving the field without the referee's permission. A player is shown the red card and sent off if they engage in serious foul play, violent conduct, spitting at another person, or denying
4896-627: The Portuguese futebol de salão and from the Spanish fútbol sala or fútbol de salón (all translatable as "indoor football"). During its second world championships held in Madrid in 1985, the Spanish name fútbol sala was used. The World Futsal Association registered the name futsal in 1985, following a dispute with FIFA over the name fútbol . Since then, futsal has become the officially and internationally accepted name, and FIFA has also started using
4998-420: The area bordered by the halfway line and an imaginary line parallel to the halfway line passing through the second penalty mark; the free kick is taken from the second penalty mark. Any standard team handball field can be used for futsal, including goals and floor markings. A standard match consists of two equal periods of 20 minutes. The length of either half is extended to allow penalty kicks to be taken or
5100-446: The auspices of IFA, including a world cup for men held in 2019 and one for women held in 2017. Confederación Sudamericana de Futsal (CPFS/PANAFUTSAL) There are currently two governing bodies: Asociación Mundial de Fútsal (AMF) and Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) which are responsible for maintaining and regulating the official rules of their respective versions of futsal. FIFA publishes its futsal rules as
5202-429: The ball crosses below the crossbar and a point is scored when the ball passes above it. At each end of the field in the following games, there is both a marked scoring area and a separate goal post structure. In these games, the term "goal" is only used for the secondary scoring method of putting the ball through the goal post structure. In American and Canadian football, there is a scoring area marked at each end of
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#17330848902895304-404: The ball or puck into the opponent's goal structure or area is the sole method of scoring, and thus the final score is expressed in the total number of goals scored by each team. In other sports, a goal may be one of several scoring methods, and thus may be worth a different set number of points than the others. In some sports, the goal is the sole method of scoring. In these sports, the final score
5406-469: The ball to break the vertical plane of the outer edge of the goal line to count as a touchdown. A field goal is a secondary method of scoring; it is scored when the ball is place kicked or drop kicked completely over the crossbar and between or directly over the goal posts. A field goal scores 3 points in both versions of the sport. In the American game, the now rarely used fair catch kick , if successfully made, also scores 3 points. A goal kicked during
5508-404: The ball's downward progress and indicate a score. The ring is fastened to a rectangular backboard 6 feet (1.8 m) wide by 3.5 feet (1.1 m) tall, though in lower levels of play or recreational use the backboard may be smaller and/or fan-shaped. The entire structure is supported from behind and anchored to the floor beyond the end line at higher levels of play; the structure may be anchored to
5610-518: The ball. The action required to apply spin to a ball is governed by the physics of angular momentum . Spinning balls travelling through air (technically a fluid ) will experience the Magnus effect , which can produce lateral deflections in addition to the normal up-down curvature induced by a combination of wind resistance and gravity . 21–21.25 inches (53.3–54.0 cm) (transversal) 54.5 -55.5 cm (circular) 58 - 62 (circular) Futsal Futsal
5712-469: The ceiling of an indoor arena, play is restarted with a kick-in to the opponents of the team that last touched the ball, under the place where it hit the ceiling. Unlike association football, there is no offside in futsal. Under the Futsal Laws of the Game, Law 11 references offside as it does in association football, but only says that there is no offside in futsal. A direct free kick can be awarded to
5814-449: The court the ball was shot from, and a team does not necessarily need to score the most baskets to win the game. Basketball scores are expressed in total points. A basket scored during normal play is called a field goal and is worth two points if shot from within or on the three-point line, and three points if shot from beyond the three-point line. The three-point line's distance from the basket varies by level. Points are also awarded to
5916-472: The crossbar and uprights were supported by a set of horizontal, vertical, and diagonal stanchions behind each upright. This design was last used professionally in the first Super Bowl in January 1967. The modern goal posts supported by a single "goose-necked" stanchion (in the shape of the letter 'Y') made their debut in the 1966 CFL playoffs and were adopted by all three professional leagues (CFL, NFL, and AFL )
6018-399: The crossbar for a goal, or over the crossbar between the posts for a point. In Australian rules football , there is no crossbar but four uprights instead. In basketball , netball or korfball , goals are ring-shaped. The structure is often accompanied with an auxiliary net, which stops or slows down the ball when a goal is scored. In netball , a single post at each end of the court supports
6120-418: The end boundary line; play often occurs behind the goal. In netball , a goal is scored when the ball is shot through a goal ring on a pole. In polo , a goal is scored if the ball passes completely between the goal posts, regardless of how far off the ground the ball is. The ball must be between the goal posts or the imaginary lines extending above the inside edges of the posts. A ball passing directly over
6222-401: The field called an end zone , and a separate goal post structure. The primary method of scoring is a touchdown . Whether running , passing , returning a kickoff or punt , or recovering a turnover , a team scores a touchdown by advancing the ball into the end zone . A touchdown scores 6 points in both versions of the sport. The front line of the end zone is the "goal line", its back line
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#17330848902896324-404: The field of play, to prevent the ball from entering spectator areas. Until the mid-1960s, the goal posts were similar in design to rugby posts, with the crossbar and uprights supported by stanchions installed directly underneath the uprights (in the shape of the letter 'H'). A transitional design from this time retained the twin set of stanchions but placed them behind the crossbar. In this design,
6426-422: The field. A substitute player is permitted to come on two minutes after a teammate has been sent off, unless a goal is scored before the end of the two minutes. If a team with more players scores against a team with fewer players, another player can be added to the team with an inferior number of players. If the teams are equal when the goal is scored or if the team with fewer players scores, both teams remain with
6528-426: The goal in a particular order within the seven minute time limit. A goal in water polo is scored when the ball passes completely across the goal line, under the crossbar and between the goal posts. A goal may be scored through contact with any part of the attacker's body except a clenched fist. The goal structure in water polo is dependent upon the depth of the water. The goal mouth measures 3 metres across and
6630-427: The goal line (the front line of the in-goal area). The crossbar is 3 metres (9.8 ft) from the ground; the uprights are 5.5 metres (18 ft) apart in rugby league and 5.6 metres (18 ft) in rugby union. In the early years of rugby, only goals counted in scoring , and a " try " counted only if "converted" into a goal. The official name " goal from a try " for a converted try persisted until 1979. Celebrating
6732-422: The goal line, below the crossbar and between the goal posts. The goal structure in team handball is 2 metres high and 3 metres wide. A net is required to catch the ball. In ice hockey , the puck must be put completely over the goal line between the posts and under the bar either off an offensive player's stick or off any part of a defensive player's body. The puck may not be kicked, batted, or thrown into
6834-423: The goal line, between the goal posts and under the cross bar. The ball can be played with the hands, but a goal cannot be scored by hand. A ball travelling between the goal posts and over the cross bar is awarded one pointed called an "over". Overs are the most common scoring method with goals heavily defended. A goal is worth three points. In hurling and camogie the ball (" sliotar ") must pass completely beyond
6936-411: The goal line. The ball may be played by any legal method except by the hand of the attacker. A ball in flight may be deflected into the goal off the hand of an attacker. Hurling and Gaelic football use the same goal structure. It is a 6.4 meter wide frame with a net attached. The goal posts are at least 6 meters high, and the crossbar is 2.44 meters above the ground. A goal is scored when
7038-446: The goal posts. The goal structure consists of two posts at least 6 metres in height and spaced 6.4 metres apart. There is no crossbar and no net. The primary object of basketball is to score by shooting (i.e., throwing) the ball into a goal officially called the basket. A basket is scored when the ball passes completely through the basket ring from above; however, the number of points scored with each basket depends on where on
7140-408: The goal structure consists of a horizontal crossbar suspended ten feet (3.05 m) above the ground and vertical goal posts ("uprights") placed 18 feet 6 inches (5.64 m) apart and extending at least 35 feet (10.67 m) above the crossbar. In lower levels of play the goal posts may be placed further apart and/or not extend as far above the crossbar; for example, in high school football
7242-413: The goal, though a goal may be awarded if the puck is inadvertently deflected off an offensive player's skate or body into the goal. The goal structure is a frame 4 feet (1.2 m) tall and 6 feet (1.8 m) wide with a net attached. In most higher levels of play the goal structure is attached to the ice surface by flexible pegs and will break away for safety when hit by a player. The goal is placed within
7344-421: The goalkeeper controls the ball with hands when it has been kicked to them by a teammate, or if they touch or control the ball with hands or feet in their own half for more than four seconds. An indirect free kick is also awarded to the opposing team if a player plays in a dangerous manner, deliberately obstructs an opponent, prevents the goalkeeper from throwing the ball with hands or anything else for which play
7446-418: The goalkeeping rules; and from team handball , the field and goal sizes. The YMCA spread the game quickly throughout South America. It was easily played by everyone, everywhere, and in any weather condition, helping players of other sports stay in shape all year round. These reasons convinced João Lotufo, a Brazilian, to bring the game to his country and adapt it to the needs of physical education. Initially,
7548-412: The ground. Nets made of hemp, jute or nylon are attached to the back of the goalposts and crossbar. The lower part of the nets is attached to curved tubing or another suitable means of support. The depth of the goal is 80 cm (31 in) at the top and 1 m (3.3 ft) at the bottom. In front of each goal is an area known as the penalty area. This area is created by drawing quarter-circles with
7650-501: The largest of the three. This was struck from player to player, who wore a kind of gauntlet on the arm. There was a game known as trigon , played by three players standing in the form of a triangle, and played with the follis, and also one known as harpastum , which seems to imply a "scrimmage" among several players for the ball. These games are known to us through the Romans, though the names are Greek. The various modern games played with
7752-557: The most familiar spherical objects to humans, the word "ball" may refer to or describe spherical or near-spherical objects. "Ball" is used metaphorically sometimes to denote something spherical or spheroid, e.g., armadillos and human beings curl up into a ball, making a fist into a ball. The first known use of the word ball in English in the sense of a globular body that is played with was in 1205 in Layamon's Brut, or Chronicle of Britain in
7854-498: The only way of scoring is to make a goal and the goal is also used to refer to the scoring structure. If neither of the teams has scored during a match, or if both teams have made the same number of goals, there is a draw unless it is a playoff game, which is then determed by overtime and eventually also a penalty shootout. If not otherwise decided in the Bandy Playing Rules set up by the Federation of International Bandy , an approved goal
7956-403: The opposing team a goal by handling the ball (except the goalkeeper inside their penalty area). Also punishable with a red card is denying an opponent moving towards the player's goal a goal scoring opportunity by committing an offense punishable by a free kick or a penalty kick and using offensive, insulting or abusive language or gestures. A player who has been sent off must leave the vicinity of
8058-462: The opposing team if a player succeeds or attempts to kick or trip an opponent, jumps, charges or pushes an opponent, or strikes or attempts to strike an opponent. Holding, touching or spitting at an opponent are offenses that are worthy of a direct free kick, as are sliding in to play the ball while an opponent is playing it or carrying, striking or throwing the ball (except the goalkeeper). These are all accumulated fouls. After five accumulated fouls in
8160-406: The other players on the team and the referee. The goalkeeper is also allowed to wear elbow pads because the surface is about as hard as a tennis court or basketball court. Jewellery is not allowed, nor are other items that could be dangerous to the player wearing the item or to other active participants. The match is controlled by the referee, who enforces the Laws of the Game, and the first referee
8262-408: The other. Unlike extra time, the goals scored in a shoot-out do not count towards the goals scored throughout the match. At the beginning of the match, a coin toss is used to decide who will start the match. A kick-off is used to signal the start of play and is used at the start of the second half and any periods of extra time. It is also used after a goal has been scored, with the other team starting
8364-468: The phrase, " Summe heo driuen balles wide ȝeond Þa feldes. " ("Some of them drove balls far across the fields.") The word came from the Middle English bal (inflected as ball-e, -es , in turn from Old Norse böllr (pronounced [bɔlːr] ; compare Old Swedish baller , and Swedish boll ) from Proto-Germanic ballu-z (whence probably Middle High German bal, ball-es , Middle Dutch bal ),
8466-411: The play. After a temporary stoppage for any reason not mentioned in the Laws of the Game, the referee will drop the ball where the play was stopped, provided that, before the stoppage, the ball was in play and had not crossed either the touch lines or goal lines. If the ball goes over the goal line or touchline, hits the ceiling, or the play is stopped by the referee, the ball is out of play. If it hits
8568-424: The playing surface between the goal posts demarcates the goal area. In some games, such as association football or hockey , the object is to pass the ball between the posts below the crossbar, while in others, such as those based on rugby , the ball must pass over the crossbar instead. In Gaelic football and hurling , in which the goalposts are similar to those used in rugby, the ball can be kicked either under
8670-411: The playing surface, and players may play the puck behind the goal. Lacrosse goals are scored when the ball travels completely past the goal line. Goals can be disallowed if there is an infraction by the offensive team. The goal in lacrosse is 6 feet (1.8 m) tall and 6 feet (1.8 m) wide and a net is used to prevent the ball from reentering the field of play. Lacrosse goals are not positioned on
8772-416: The posts are 23 feet 4 inches (7.11 m) apart. NFL and CFL rules mandate that a ribbon be attached to the top of each goal post. Goals are centered on the field, but on different lines: in American football, they lie on the "end line" (far end of the end zone) and in Canadian football, on the "goal line" (beginning of the end zone). A retractable net may be placed behind the goal posts, well beyond
8874-418: The resources of a club. In shinty , a goal is scored if the ball goes over the goal line and under the crossbar. A goal can only be scored with a stick called a "caman"; no goal is scored if the ball is kicked, carried, or propelled by an attacking player's hand or arm. In Treibball , a point is scored when a dog knocks a ball (referred to as a rolling sheep) into the goal. Rolling sheep must be knocked into
8976-645: The rules were not uniform. In 1956, the rules were modified by Habib Maphuz and Luiz Gonzaga de Oliveira Fernandes within the YMCA of São Paulo , Brazil, to allow seniors to compete. Luiz de Oliveira wrote the Book of Rules of Futsal in 1956, then adopted also at the international level. In 1965, the Confederación Sudamericana de Futsal (South American Futsal Confederation) was created, consisting of Uruguay , Brazil , Paraguay , Peru and Argentina . Shortly after,
9078-564: The same number of players. On 6 May 2024, FIFA, in recognition to the exponential growth of futsal around the world, officially launched the FIFA Futsal World Ranking for both men's and women's national teams. The new ranking will serve to seed for all upcoming editions of the FIFA Futsal World Cup. FIFA placed Brazil at the top of both men's and women's charts in this inaugural edition. The top 30 teams according to
9180-427: The score is expressed by listing the quantity of each team's "goals" and "behinds" followed by the total number of points. The structure of a goal varies from sport to sport. Most often, it is a rectangular structure that is placed at each end of the playing field. Each structure usually consists of two vertical posts, called goal posts (side bar or uprights) supporting a horizontal crossbar . A goal line marked on
9282-405: The score is a behind (1 point). The ball may be punted , drop kicked , or kicked off the ground (soccered). The ball may cross the goal line at any height from ground level up and may bounce before crossing the line. A goal scores six points. The behind, which scores one point; is awarded if the ball passes between the point posts or is not awarded a goal by the above provisions when passing through
9384-414: The scoring of a goal is common. It is normally performed by the goalscorer, and may involve his or her teammates, the manager or coaching staff and/or the supporters of the team. Whilst referring to the celebration of a goal in general, the term can also be applied to specific actions, such as a player removing his shirt or performing a somersault. The expression " moving the goalposts ", which means to make
9486-400: The shooting team if the defensive team commits goaltending or basket interference while the ball is in flight towards the basket or is directly over it. A basketball team can also score by free throws , which score one point each. Free throws are awarded to a team after the opponent commits a foul in certain scenarios. The player taking the free throws (usually the player who was fouled)
9588-451: The substitute can enter the playing field. If a team has or is reduced to fewer than three players remaining, the match is abandoned and counted as a loss for the team with the lack of players. The kit is made up of a jersey or shirt with sleeves, shorts, socks, shinguards made out of metal, plastic or foam, and shoes with rubber soles. The goalkeeper is allowed to wear long trousers and a different coloured kit to distinguish themself from
9690-428: The team which has scored more away goals wins. Extra time consists of two periods of five minutes. If no winner is produced after these methods, three kicks from the penalty mark are taken, and the team that has scored the most wins. If it is not decided after three kicks from the penalty mark, it continues to go on with one extra kick from the penalty mark to each team at a time until one of them has scored more goals than
9792-583: The term. Futsal started in 1930 when Juan Carlos Ceriani, a teacher in Montevideo , Uruguay , created a version of indoor football for YMCAs. Originally developed for basketball courts, a rule book for the new sport was published in September 1933. Association football was already highly popular in the country, and after Uruguay won the 1930 World Cup and gold medals in the 1924 and 1928 Summer Olympics , it attracted even more practitioners. Ceriani's goal
9894-414: The total number of points. The side with the higher number of total points is the winner. In Australian rules football a goal is scored when the ball is kicked by an attacking player completely between the two tall goal posts. To be awarded a goal, the ball may not contact or pass over the goal post, or touch any player on any part of the body other than the foot or lower leg of an attacker. In such cases,
9996-491: The width is in the range of 20–25 m (66–82 ft) in international matches. For other matches, it can be 25–42 m (82–138 ft) in length, while the width can be 16–25 m (52–82 ft), as long as the length of the longer boundary lines (touchlines) are greater than the shorter boundaries where the goals are placed (goal lines) (Basketball courts of 28 m × 15 m (92 ft × 49 ft) can be used). The "standard" size court for an international
10098-682: The word σφαίρα ( sfaíra ), sphere . Some form of game with a ball is found portrayed on Egyptian monuments. In Homer , Nausicaa was playing at ball with her maidens when Odysseus first saw her in the land of the Phaeacians (Od. vi. 100). And Halios and Laodamas performed before Alcinous and Odysseus with ball play, accompanied with dancing (Od. viii. 370). The most ancient balls in Eurasia have been discovered in Karasahr , China and are 3000 years old. They were made of hair-filled leather. Among
10200-425: The Ὀνομαστικόν of Julius Pollux , imply little or nothing of such; thus, ἀπόρραξις ( aporraxis ) only means the putting of the ball on the ground with the open hand, οὐρανία ( ourania ), the flinging of the ball in the air to be caught by two or more players; φαινίνδα ( phaininda ) would seem to be a game of catch played by two or more, where feinting is used as a test of quickness and skill. Pollux (i. x. 104) mentions
10302-428: Was to create a team game similar to football that could be played indoors or outdoors. While writing the rule book, Ceriani combined the principles of association football —where the ball may be touched with every part of the body except the hands or upper part of the arms—with rules from other sports: from basketball , the number of players (five per team) and the game's duration (40 active minutes); from water polo ,
10404-540: Was unknown outside the Americas until after the voyages of Columbus . The Spanish were the first Europeans to see the bouncing rubber balls (although solid and not inflated) which were employed most notably in the Mesoamerican ballgame . Balls used in various sports in other parts of the world prior to Columbus were made from other materials such as animal bladders or skins, stuffed with various materials. As balls are one of
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