63-614: Upper Tākaka is a settlement in the Tasman District of New Zealand. It is located in Golden Bay , 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Tākaka . Located near the head of the Tākaka valley, Upper Tākaka is on State Highway 60 , at the western end of the Tākaka Hill road. The settlement is home to a major electrical substation , upgraded by lines company Network Tasman in 2016, consisting of
126-537: A British colony in 1840 had nothing in common with the tribal system practised by Māori . The New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 , a British Act of Parliament, established six provinces in New Zealand— Auckland , New Plymouth (later to be renamed Taranaki ), Wellington , Nelson , Canterbury , and Otago —based on the six original planned settlements. These provinces were largely autonomous ; each had an elected council and an elected chief official, called
189-419: A large degree of a rural local authority’s expenditure through transferring water and transport services to another body will have significant financial implications for the sustainability of that local authority. The net effect of such transfers, particularly in geographical areas comprising a number of rural local authorities, could be the need for the formation of larger authorities – amalgamation by stealth. It
252-535: A single region in some contexts, but not for local government functions or resource management (planning) functions. Tasman Bay , the largest indentation in the north coast of the South Island , was named after Dutch seafarer, explorer and merchant Abel Tasman . He was the first European to discover New Zealand on 13 December 1642 while on an expedition for the Dutch East India Company . Tasman Bay passed
315-407: A superintendent. The New Provinces Act 1858 allowed for the creation of Hawke's Bay , Marlborough , Southland (abolished 1870) and Westland provinces, established between 1858 and 1873. The Constitution Act also allowed the creation of municipal corporations , or local governments, within provinces. Municipal corporations could be overruled by the province in which they were located. One of
378-641: A system of local boards, which have a different set of responsibilities and accountabilities to community boards. New Zealand's health sector was restructured several times during the 20th century. The most recent restructuring occurred in 2001, with new legislation creating twenty-one district health boards (DHBs). These boards are responsible for the oversight of health and disability services within their communities. Elections for seven members of each district health board are held alongside elections for territorial and regional authorities. These members are directly elected by residents of their area, at-large (except for
441-481: A two-tier structure of territorial authorities (district and city councils) and superimposed regional councils . In addition, until their abolition in 2022 , district health boards were locally-elected bodies with responsibilities for oversight of health and disability services within a specified area, although these boards were not generally considered to be local authorities in the conventional sense. The model of local government introduced after New Zealand became
504-656: Is a local government district in the northwest of the South Island of New Zealand. It borders the Canterbury Region , West Coast Region , Marlborough Region and Nelson City . It is administered by the Tasman District Council , a unitary authority , which sits at Richmond , with community boards serving outlying communities in Motueka and Golden Bay / Mohua . The city of Nelson has its own unitary authority separate from Tasman District, and together they comprise
567-764: Is a large area at the western corner of the north end of the South Island of New Zealand. It covers 9,616 square kilometres and is bounded on the west by the Matiri Ranges, Tasman Mountains and the Tasman Sea . To the north, Tasman and Golden Bays form its seaward edge, and the eastern boundary extends to the edge of Nelson city, and includes part of the Spenser Mountains and the Saint Arnaud and Richmond Ranges . The Victoria Ranges form Tasman's southern boundary and
630-509: Is abundant bush and bird life, golden sand beaches, the unique 40-kilometre sands of Farewell Spit , and good fishing in the bays and rivers. These assets make the district a popular destination for tourists. Tasman is home to three national parks: Abel Tasman National Park (New Zealand's smallest at 225.41 km ), Nelson Lakes National Park (1,017.53 km ) and Kahurangi National Park (4,520 km ). The Maruia Falls, 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) southwest of Murchison, were created by
693-692: Is being developed in partnership with local government and iwi/Māori as the Crown’s Treaty partner. Charges for water services typically represent around 40% of a rates bill in an urban area. In a submission on the Local Government Act 2002 Amendment Bill 2016, the Hauraki District Council made the following comments about the sustainability of local authorities if the revenue associated with water and transport were transferred to other bodies: We note and share LGNZ’s concern that removing
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#1733092632557756-411: Is developing a major programme of nationwide reform with the aim of rationalising the provision of services for three waters. It is proposed that a small number of large publicly owned entities will be established to own and manage the three waters assets across the country. The reforms include complete separation of asset ownership from the existing territorial authorities. The nationwide reform programme
819-493: Is no formal reporting relationship between a regional council and the territorial authorities in its region, but they work together on some matters including civil defence and regional planning. The Local Government Act 2002 provides for the establishment of joint committees of multiple territorial authorities for these purposes. The external boundaries of a local authority can be changed by an Order in Council or through notice in
882-612: Is of upmost concern to us that our local democracy and decision-making could be lost as a result. In late October 2021, Local Government Minister Nanaia Mahuta unveiled the Labour Government 's " Three Waters reform programme ". The proposals envisaged taking the administration of New Zealand's storm-water, drinking-water and wastewater from existing local councils and existing territorial bodies and transferring these tasks to new local-government authorities. These proposed reforms would transfer management of water services and assets to
945-486: Is responsible for its management . The chief executive's role, outlined in the Local Government Act 2002, is to advise the council and implement its decisions, as well as employing staff and ensuring that all of a council's legal responsibilities are attended to. The term of a chief executive's employment is for up to five years, which may be extended to a maximum of seven years. Much of the governance and regulatory responsibilities of councils are transacted by committees or by
1008-545: Is specifically authorised to do, and may not do anything that it is not authorised to do. The following is a list of key local government statutes. Legislation conferring responsibilities on one or several local authorities may be passed from time to time (such as the Wellington Town Belt Act 2016). As defined in the Local Government Act 2002 , the purpose of local government is: Between 2013 and 2019,
1071-443: Is the mayor , who is elected at large and chairs the council. Like regional councils, they too set their own levels of rates. Territorial authorities manage the most direct government services, such as water supply and sanitation , local transport infrastructure, the approval of building consents , public health , and libraries, museums and recreational facilities. While Parliament sets the roles of local government in legislation,
1134-599: Is the newest local authority. It was created on 1 November 2010 following a three-year process that began with the Royal Commission on Auckland Governance . Picking up on one of the Royal Commission's recommendations, the Fifth National Government combined the functions of the existing Auckland Regional Council and the region's seven previous city and district councils into one "super-city". Since then,
1197-426: Is the second most-spoken language. Famous former residents include the "father of nuclear physics" Sir Ernest Rutherford , former Prime Ministers Bill Rowling and Sir Keith Holyoake , and Sir Michael Myers , Chief Justice of New Zealand 1929–1946. The Tasman District has six towns with a population over 1,000. Together, they are home to 60.4% of the district's population. Other towns and settlements include
1260-522: The New Zealand Gazette . Several outlying islands do not fall within the jurisdiction of any territorial authority; for those islands, the Minister of Local Government acts as the territorial authority. The Department of Internal Affairs provides administration on behalf of the minister. Each elected council is responsible for the local authority's governance and employs a chief executive, who
1323-420: The 1929 Murchison earthquake when a slip blocked the original channel. Tasman District covers 9,615.58 km (3,712.60 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 60,000 as of June 2024, , representing 1.1% of New Zealand's population. The population density was 6.2 people per km . Tasman District had a population of 57,807 in the 2023 New Zealand census , an increase of 5,418 people (10.3%) since
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#17330926325571386-794: The 2018 census , and an increase of 10,650 people (22.6%) since the 2013 census . There were 28,722 males, 28,887 females and 201 people of other genders in 22,617 dwellings. 2.5% of people identified as LGBTIQ+ . The median age was 46.8 years (compared with 38.1 years nationally). There were 9,498 people (16.4%) aged under 15 years, 8,523 (14.7%) aged 15 to 29, 26,322 (45.5%) aged 30 to 64, and 13,467 (23.3%) aged 65 or older. People could identify as more than one ethnicity. The results were 90.7% European ( Pākehā ); 9.9% Māori ; 2.6% Pasifika ; 4.0% Asian ; 0.8% Middle Eastern, Latin American and African New Zealanders (MELAA); and 3.2% other, which includes people giving their ethnicity as "New Zealander". English
1449-405: The Local Government Act 2002 , local authorities are responsible for enabling democratic local decision-making and promoting the social, economic, environmental, and cultural well-being of their communities, as well as more specific functions for which they have delegated authority. As of 2020 , seventy-eight local authorities cover all areas of New Zealand. Local authorities are positioned within
1512-705: The Local Government Commission has had a role considering changes to New Zealand's local government structure. Further amalgamations (of the councils in the Nelson – Tasman region, the Hawkes' Bay region, the Wellington region , the three Wairarapa districts, and the West Coast region) have been mooted but did not receive sufficient public support to progress further. Applications for secession from Auckland Council for
1575-448: The Local Government Commission . If a council's decision does not meet the statutory definitions of fair and effective representation then it is automatically appealed. Māori wards and constituencies are wards and constituencies on local government and regional bodies that represent local constituents registered on the Māori parliamentary electoral roll vote. Like Māori electorates within
1638-596: The New Zealand Parliament , their purpose is to ensure that Māori are represented in the local government policy process. Māori wards and constituencies have been a polarising issue in New Zealand politics. While the Labour , Green , and Māori parties have supported Māori wards and constituencies in order to boost Māori participation in the political process, they have been opposed by the centre-right National Party ,
1701-538: The North Rodney and Waiheke Island communities have also failed. The New Zealand Government (by introducing bills , promulgating regulations and recommending Orders in Council ) and the New Zealand House of Representatives (by enacting legislation) determine the overarching structure and delegated functions of local government. The general principle is that local government in New Zealand may only do what it
1764-635: The Sixth Labour Government announced that the system of district health boards will be abolished and replaced by a single agency to be called Health New Zealand . In addition, a new Māori Health Authority will be set up to regulate and provide health services to the Māori community . Water supply and sanitation in New Zealand is provided for most people by infrastructure owned by territorial authorities, including city councils in urban areas and district councils in rural areas. As at 2021, there are 67 asset-owning organisations. Central government
1827-596: The Southern District Health Board , which draws its members from two constituencies), using the single transferable vote system. In addition, the Minister of Health may appoint up to four members. The Minister of Health also assigns who will be the chair and deputy chair of the board. There are currently twenty DHBs. The Minister has power to replace a Board considered to be performing poorly; Commissioners have been appointed on three occasions. In April 2021,
1890-573: The Water Services Reform Programme . The proposed four water services entities were expanded into ten entities but will retain the same split co-governance structure consisting of representatives of local councils and mana whenua representatives. In November 2023, the newly-formed Sixth National Government announced plans to repeal the Three Waters legislative framework as part of their 100-day action plan. On 14 February 2024,
1953-485: The 10 years to 2023, economic growth in the district was an average of 4.4% p.a., compared with 3.0% p.a. for all of New Zealand. Local government in New Zealand New Zealand has a unitary system of government in which the authority of the central government defines sub-national entities. Local government in New Zealand has only the powers conferred upon it by the New Zealand Parliament . Under
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2016-544: The 1920s and 1930s. Fruit-growing started at the end of the 19th century. By 1945, it was making a significant contribution to the local economy, and that importance continues today. As an administrative unit of local government , the Tasman District formed in 1989 within the Nelson-Marlborough Regional Council . The Tasman District Council became a unitary authority in 1992. Tasman District
2079-628: The Local Government Funding Agency. Under the Government's first Local Water Done Well legislation, local councils have a year to develop plans for funding water services they need and ensuring their financial sustainability. Each of the regions and territorial authorities is governed by a council, which is directly elected by the residents of that region, district or city every three years in October. The Local Electoral Act 2001 sets out
2142-507: The National-led government passed urgent legislation repealing the previous Labour Government's Three Waters legislation. The Government also announced plans to introduce replacement legislation allowing councils to form their own groups or council-controlled organisations to manage water supply and infrastructure. On 8 August 2024, Brown announced that council-controlled organisations would be able to borrow money for water infrastructure from
2205-622: The Remuneration Authority Act 1977 and clauses 6 and 7A of Schedule 7 of the Local Government Act 2002 , pay rates for members of local bodies are set each year by the Remuneration Authority . In 2021 the annual salary scales ranged from $ 296,000 for the Mayor of Auckland to $ 2,030 for members of several community boards. In the 1895 Local Government Bill , which failed to pass, it was proposed council chairmen should be paid £400
2268-505: The area suggests considerable warfare interrupted the settlement process. Around 1828, Ngāti Toa (under Te Rauparaha ) and the allied northern tribes of Ngāti Rārua and Ngāti Tama started their invasion of the South Island . They took over much of the area from Farewell Spit to the Wairau River . British immigrant ships from England arrived in Nelson in 1842 and European settlement of
2331-507: The authority of the controller and auditor-general . In addition, the Department of Internal Affairs carries out some monitoring functions on behalf of the minister of local government , who has a range of intervention functions that the minister may exercise in response to a poor-performing council. For example, the minister may appoint a Crown observer or, in extreme situations, remove the elected members and appoint commissioners. However,
2394-632: The boundaries of parliamentary electorates , which are determined by an independent commission, councils make their own representation decisions. In the year prior to an election, the outgoing council may determine the number of members it has after its next election, and whether those members are elected by wards/constituencies or at large. The council may also consider whether to establish (or disestablish) community boards. Councils are required to give consideration to "fair and effective representation" when making their decisions. Appeals on council decisions for general representation arrangements may be appealed to
2457-422: The census question. Of those at least 15 years old, 7,281 (15.1%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, 26,712 (55.3%) had a post-high school certificate or diploma, and 11,781 (24.4%) people exclusively held high school qualifications. The median income was $ 35,900, compared with $ 41,500 nationally. 4,137 people (8.6%) earned over $ 100,000 compared to 12.1% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15
2520-834: The chief executive's staff, under delegation from the full council, although the level of delegation varies between councils. Councils may also choose to establish and delegate functions to companies or trusts (known as council-controlled organisations or council-controlled trading organisations when the local authority has the majority interest). Regional councils and territorial authorities have different statutory responsibilities from one another, as well as other key differences in terms of their governance structures. There are eleven regional councils and five unitary authorities. Regional council duties include: Regional councils are funded through rates , subsidies from central government, income from trading, and user charges for certain public services. Councils set their own levels of rates, though
2583-739: The colony becoming liable. The provinces were abolished in 1876 so that government could be centralised, for financial reasons. Provincial councils were dependent on central government for revenue, and all except Otago and Canterbury were in financial difficulties at the time of their abolition. Since then, Parliament has been the single and supreme source of power —local authorities are created by Parliament, can be abolished by it, and are responsible for discharging functions assigned by it. The former provinces are remembered in regional public holidays and sporting rivalries. From 1876 onwards, councils have had distributed functions, which vary locally. A system of counties similar to other countries' systems
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2646-541: The common framework for election management and permits, to some extent, for each council to determine its own electoral arrangements. Councils may choose their own: At the regional council level, wards are known as constituencies. Because of the geographic and populational size of regional councils there is a legislative requirement for each regional council to have at least two constituencies. Other than Auckland Council, territorial authorities may also choose whether or not to establish one or more community boards , which form
2709-470: The control of four new water entities by July 2024. These entities would be managed by independent boards jointly elected by a group set up by councils and by Māori iwi (tribes). The opposition National and ACT parties vowed to repeal the Three Waters reforms if elected into government. On 13 April 2023, the Labour Government announced a major overhaul of the Three Waters programme, renaming it
2772-478: The district's highest point is Mount Franklin , at 2,340 metres. The landscape is diverse, from large mountainous areas to valleys and plains, and is sliced by such major rivers as the Buller , Motueka , Aorere , Tākaka and Wairoa . The limestone -rich area around Mount Owen and Mount Arthur is notable for its extensive cave networks, among them New Zealand's deepest caves at Ellis Basin and Nettlebed . There
2835-492: The elections. Due to the primary revenue stream of many territorial authorities being property taxes (rates), electors are entitled to register and vote in the local elections of cities, districts and regions where they pay rates but do not reside. About 12,700 such ratepayer votes were cast in 2016. Every six years, the Local Electoral Act 2001 requires councils to review their representation arrangements. Unlike for
2898-542: The first municipal corporations established was the Wellington City Corporation , created in 1870. The provinces have broken down because of their coming into conflict with the colonial government on many points, and especially on points of finance. Their doom was only a question of time, when it became obvious that they could not raise their own revenue; that they had to look to the general government to supply deficiencies; and that they could not borrow without
2961-428: The following: Tasman District Council ( unitary authority ) headquarters are at Richmond , close to the adjoining Nelson City , which is 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) further north. The head of local government is the mayor . Community Boards exist to serve outlying areas in Motueka and Golden Bay . The GDP of the Tasman District was $ NZ 3.11 billion in 2033, representing 0.8% of New Zealand's national GDP. Over
3024-692: The functions of a regional council in addition to those of a territorial authority. The local authority for the outlying Chatham Islands has its own legislation (the Chatham Islands Council Act 1995, which replaced the Chatham Islands County Council Empowering Act 1980) and has unique powers similar to those of a unitary authority. Most territorial authorities are wholly within one region, but six districts ( Rotorua Lakes , Taupō , Stratford , Rangitikei , Tararua and Waitaki ) fall within two or more regions. There
3087-568: The installation of new 66/11 kV transformers, at a cost of $ 1.95 million. The area suffered a decline from 1987, first with the closure of Upper Takaka School, and then a fire that razed the Rat Trap Hotel. The local hall is now the centre of community life in Upper Tākaka. This Tasman District geography article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Tasman District Tasman District ( Māori : Te Tai o Aorere )
3150-593: The issue of introducing Māori wards and constituencies. As a result, attempts to introduce Māori wards and constituencies were defeated at several polls in New Plymouth , Palmerston North , the Western Bay of Plenty , Whakatāne , Manawatu , and Kaikōura . In late February 2021, the Sixth Labour Government passed the Local Electoral (Māori Wards and Māori Constituencies) Amendment Act 2021 , which eliminated
3213-632: The level and type of services supplied are determined locally in public meetings. Territorial authorities may establish and delegate powers to community boards. The boundaries of community boards may be reviewed before each triennial local government election; this is provided for in the Local Electoral Act 2001. These boards, instituted at the behest of either local citizens or territorial authorities, advocate community views but cannot levy taxes, appoint staff, or own property. Auckland Council has, and other unitary authorities may (but do not yet) have,
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#17330926325573276-420: The lowest and weakest arm of local government. Electors of territorial authorities directly elect their city or district's own mayor , alongside local councillors and (if established prior to the elections) community board members. Regional councils do not have a directly-elected mayor; instead, a chairperson is chosen from within the ranks of the elected councillors by the council at its first meeting following
3339-569: The mechanism for collecting it usually involves channelling through the territorial authority collection system. The territorial authorities consist of thirteen city councils , fifty-three district councils and one special council for the Chatham Islands . A city is defined in the Local Government Act 2002 as an urban area with 50,000 residents. A district council serves a combination of rural and urban communities. Councillors are either elected through wards or at large. An additional member
3402-417: The most direct local public services, such as water supply and sanitation , road infrastructure, and museums and libraries. Together, regional and territorial authorities are called local authorities. Five territorial authorities ( Auckland Council , Gisborne District Council , Nelson City Council , Tasman District Council and Marlborough District Council ) are unitary authorities , meaning they perform
3465-486: The name on to the adjoining district, which was formed in 1989 largely from the merger of Waimea and Golden Bay counties. According to tradition, the Māori waka Uruao brought ancestors of the Waitaha people to Tasman Bay in the 12th century. Archaeological evidence suggests that early Māori settlers explored the region thoroughly, settling mainly along the coast where there was ample food. The succession of tribes into
3528-532: The poll provision for establishing Māori wards and constituencies. In late July 2024, the Sixth National Government passed legislation reinstating the poll provision for establishing and retaining Māori wards. As part of this policy reversal, local and regional councils that have already established a Māori ward without a referendum are now required to hold a binding poll alongside the 2025 New Zealand local elections or to disestablish them. Under
3591-446: The populist New Zealand First Party, and the libertarian ACT Party on the grounds that they promote ethnic division and alleged separatism . Māori wards and constituencies were first introduced by the Bay of Plenty Regional Council in 2001. Efforts to introduce them to other local and regional government bodies in New Zealand were complicated by a poll provision allowing referendums on
3654-550: The primary way that local authority elected members are held accountable is through the triennial local elections. New Zealand has two tiers of local government. The top tier consists of regional councils , of which there are eleven. Regional councils are responsible for activities such as environmental and public transport planning. The second tier consists of territorial authorities , of which there are sixty-seven: thirteen city councils , fifty-three district councils and Chatham Islands Council . Territorial authorities manage
3717-584: The region began under the leadership of Captain Arthur Wakefield . From 1853 to 1876, the area of the present-day Tasman District formed part of Nelson Province . In the 1850s, agriculture and pastoral farming started and villages developed on the Waimea Plains and at Motueka. In 1856, the discovery of gold near Collingwood sparked New Zealand's first gold rush . Significant reserves of iron ore were found at Onekaka , where an ironworks operated during
3780-443: The second purpose statement was, instead, "to meet the current and future needs of communities for good-quality local infrastructure, local public services and performance of regulatory functions in a way that is most cost-effective for households and businesses ." Local authorities are functionally independent but are subject to audit requirements (for example, of their financial statements and plans) through Audit New Zealand under
3843-467: Was instituted and persisted with few changes (except for mergers and other localised boundary adjustments) until 1989, when the Fourth Labour Government set about comprehensively reorganising the local government system by implementing the current two-tier structure of regions and territorial authorities, and reduced the number of local bodies from approximately 850 to 86. Auckland Council
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#17330926325573906-556: Was spoken by 97.8%, Māori language by 2.0%, Samoan by 0.5% and other languages by 9.2%. No language could be spoken by 1.5% (e.g. too young to talk). New Zealand Sign Language was known by 0.5%. The percentage of people born overseas was 21.2, compared with 28.8% nationally. Religious affiliations were 27.0% Christian , 0.4% Hindu , 0.2% Islam , 0.3% Māori religious beliefs , 1.0% Buddhist , 0.7% New Age , 0.1% Jewish , and 1.1% other religions. People who answered that they had no religion were 61.4%, and 8.1% of people did not answer
3969-524: Was that 22,566 (46.7%) people were employed full-time, 7,983 (16.5%) were part-time, and 870 (1.8%) were unemployed. The main iwi represented in the wider Tasman region are Ngati Rarua, Ngati Tama (Golden Bay / Mohua and Tasman Bay), Te Atiawa, Ngati Koata, Ngati Kuia (eastern Tasman Bay) and the Poutini Ngāi Tahu (southern areas). In Tasman District, German is the second most-spoken language after English, whereas in most regions of New Zealand Māori
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