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32-860: In the north the Gilserberg Heights transition directly into the clearly much higher Kellerwald with its prominent hills, the Jeust and the Wüstegarten ; to the northeast into the Löwenstein Bottom , which is part of the Ostwaldecker Randsenken . Separated by the Wohra the ridge is adjoined in the northwest by the Burgwald at the Gilserberg Heights. In the southwest the Ohm and the flat Amöneburg Basin follows by

64-453: A " quartz that is turned opaque red with hematite inclusions". [1] The Kellerwald is named after the mountain ridge called the Keller, mentioned above. Where the name Keller came from is interpreted two different ways: Beginning about 1600, the woodlands were in heavy use in charcoal making for the many ironworks and copperworks that needed charcoal to fuel their furnaces, thus leading to

96-457: A few rare dwarf beeches . In cool and damp stream dales grows the rare, highly poisonous common monkshood . In light beech and oak forests with limy subsoil is found the martagon lily . In a few places are found great stands of the rare wild daffodil . In the Kellerwald, parts of which are also a Special Protection Area (for birds), a number of bird species still or once again breed, among them

128-577: A natural region perspective) very narrow, north-south oriented Neustadt Saddle is the lowest part of the Rhine-Weser watershed between the Kellerwald and the Vogelsberg . The Main-Weser Railway crosses it between Stadtallendorf and Neustadt at a height of about 285 m above  sea level (NN) , the B 454 federal highway also crosses it at just under 300 m above NN . Whilst

160-512: Is a low mountain range reaching heights of up to 675 m in the western part of northern Hesse , Germany . Its assets include Germany's largest contiguous beech woodland and it contains Hesse's only national park , the Kellerwald-Edersee National Park . It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site . The Kellerwald lies in northern Hesse in the district Schwalm-Eder . Abutting the northeast, the Kellerwald's heights slope down into

192-507: Is a title, roughly equivalent to "Baron") [2] . Since that time, they have spread far beyond the confines of the Kellerwald. Foxes , badgers , pine martens , beech martens , polecats and stoats are also to be found in the Kellerwald. Of the 19 kinds of bat that live in Hesse, 14 have been noted in the Kellerwald. Another characteristic animal of the Kellerwald is the fire salamander , found here in its thousands. Further typical amphibians are

224-668: Is crossed or touched by many watercourses, among them: On the Kellerwald's northern edge lie these still, open bodies of water: Both are man-made. Kellerwald is also the name of a much smaller wood in Forchheim in Upper Franconia . Hoher Mei%C3%9Fner The Hoher Meißner is a mountain massif with a height of 753.6 m and is located in the Meißner-Kaufunger Wald nature park in Hesse , Germany . The Hoher Meißner

256-755: Is densely forested and covers an area of 10 km by 5 km. It is located approximately between Eschwege and Grossalmerode as well as Bad Sooden-Allendorf and Waldkappel . Together with large parts of the Kaufungen Forest and the Soehre forest it forms the very extensive Naturpark Meißner-Kaufunger Wald. In the Tertiary period the area was covered by thick forests. From these forests, lignite deposits were formed, which were then covered by sand and lava. The basalt formations have been eroded by weathering and were much higher at one time. From different locations on

288-508: Is part of the European network " Natura 2000 " ( Special Area of Conservation and Special Protection Area ), as well as, in parts, Bannwald , a German designation for wooded wildernesses allowed to grow naturally without any human intervention. Further Special Areas of Conservation are, among others, the oak forests on the steep slopes at the Edersee, the aforesaid Keller in the southern part of

320-490: Is precisely 194 m above sea level . On the other hand, the Kellerwald's highest point is on the Wüstegarten (675 m above sea level). Among the Kellerwald's and the two herein mentioned parks' best known – albeit not necessarily highest – mountains are (including the "Six Hundreders", and sorted by height): This German article includes a much more exhaustive list of the Kellerwald's notable peaks. The Kellerwald

352-602: Is the red deer . In the Kellerwald-Edersee National Park are found fallow deer and European mouflon . Besides these, roe deer and wild boar are also common. The wildcat is rare. In the area that is now the national park, the first raccoons , whose natural habitat is in North America , were released into the wild in Germany on 12 April 1934 by Wilhelm Sittich Freiherr von Berlepsch (1881–1948; "Freiherr"

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384-762: The East Hesse Highlands ( Osthessischen Bergland ). To the east of the three parts of the Upper Hessian Ridge is the West Hesse Depression ( Westhessische Senke ) in the shape of the Schwalm by the Eder tributary of the same name. The Upper Hessian Ridge is part of the West Hesse Highlands (major unit group 34) and is subdivided as follows: The Gilserberg Heights are mostly forested; large parts of

416-726: The Eder Valley, and towards the east and southeast they fall off into the Schwalm Valley. In the southwest, the range goes by way of the Wohra Valley into the Burgwald range and in the west, beyond the river Eder, lies the Breite Struth (a range of hills). Within the Kellerwald are the Ederhöhen (the "Eder Heights", a mountainous region in the range's north), whose area roughly coincides with

448-1048: The Mediterranean-Mjøsa Zone , a sequence of valleys that runs from the Rhone valley along the Upper Rhine Graben , the Wetterau and the Gießen Basin , below the Anterior Vogelsberg to the Amöneburg Basin ; from there via the Neustadt Saddle in the West Hesse Depression and on along the Leine Graben to the Oslo Graben . The north of the Northern Vogelsberg Foreland is, in the immediate vicinity of

480-568: The black stork , the common raven , six kinds of woodpecker (among them the rare middle spotted woodpecker and the grey-headed woodpecker ), the black and the red kite (which here reach their highest population density anywhere in Hesse), the peregrine falcon , the Tengmalm's owl , the honey buzzard , the Eurasian eagle owl and the great grey shrike . One of the Kellerwald's characteristic animals

512-536: The palmate newt and the midwife toad . In the Kellerwald-Edersee National Park, almost a thousand kinds of beetle from more than 80 families have been noted. Through the Kellerwald run many hiking trails, among them the Kellerwaldsteig , a roughly 167 km-long loop joining mountains and places in the Kellerwald-Edersee Nature Park and the Kellerwald-Edersee National Park together. Round

544-572: The Edersee has run since 2005 the 68 km-long Urwaldsteig Edersee ("Virgin Forest Trail") through the oak forests on the lake's north shore and through the Kellerwald-Edersee National Park south of the lake. The Kellerwald's lowest point is found at the edge of the Eder Valley on the outskirts of Affoldern , not far from, and below the water level of the Affolderner See (reservoir); the point

576-561: The Kellerwald, made up mainly of palaeozoic rocks, belongs to the Rhenish Slate Mountains. Scenically, however, it is also grouped as a separate entity with the Hessian Basin, because the rivers Eder and Itter form a natural boundary. Important rock types include the so-called Kellerwald quartzite , radiolarian rock , shale , greywacke and diabase . A regional peculiarity is the dark red Kellerwald agate , an Eisenkiesel ,

608-578: The Kellerwald-Edersee Nature Park was brought by the Federal Office for Nature Conservation ( Bundesamt für Naturschutz ) into the programme called the "Great Nature Conservation Project of Pan-Governmentally Representative Importance" ( Naturschutzgroßprojekt von gesamtstaatlich repräsentativer Bedeutung ). Since the 19th century, the northern part of the Kellerwald (since 2004, the Kellerwald-Edersee National Park), as hunting woods for

640-560: The Meißner one can enjoy wonderful views: The lignite mining industry began around 1560, after gloss coal bits were discovered in a brook, and persisted until 1929. The coal was used, for example, as fuel for salt production in Bad Sooden Allendorf and at the large power station in Kassel. The Hoher Meissner transmitter is a facility for medium-wave, FM- and TV-broadcasting. The complex

672-570: The Neustadt Saddle and the Northern Vogelsberg Foreland. The Vogelsberg Foreland goes in the extreme southwest – again with the Ohm as its boundary – into the Lumda Plateau . The Lumda Plateau is part of the so-called Anterior Vogelsberg ( Vorderen Vogelsberg ), which adjoins east of the Ohm valley in the south the Lower Vogelsberg ( Untere Vogelsberg ). Like the actual (High) Vogelsberg it belongs to

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704-649: The Neustadt Saddle forms the actual low point on the ridge between the plateau of the Krückeberg (at the southern end of the Gilserberg Heights) to the north and the Wahlen Plateau ( Wahlener Hochplateau , at the northern end of the Northern Vogelsberg Foreland) to the southeast, the Neustadt Saddle natural region also includes the Krückeberg, but not the Wahlen Plateau. The Neustadt Saddle is part of

736-454: The Neustadt Saddle, dominated by an entirely cleared plateau up to 388 metres high, around the villages of Wahlen , Arnshain und Gleimenhain in the borough of Kirtorf . Here there are various wind farms, the views extend in good weather as far as e.g. the Hoher Meißner , 70 kilometres away to the northeast, and is unbroken in almost all directions of the compass. In the northwest lies

768-504: The Northern Vogelsberg Foreland mainly in the Vogelsbergkreis (except for the far northwest where it is part of Marburg-Biedenkopf). Important settlements are Gilserberg in the north, Jesberg on the northeastern edge, Schwalmstadt on the eastern side, Kirchhain on the western boundary, Stadtallendorf and Neustadt in the centre and Homberg (Ohm) and Kirtorf on the southern boundary. Kellerwald The Kellerwald

800-513: The Princes of Waldeck, has been surrounded by gates. To be found here are some particularly pristine beech forests, although they have been damaged somewhat by the high concentration of game . More than 30% of the trees are older than 140 years. The main human activity here was hunting rather than forestry . The main tree here is the beech, which is predominant here in acidic-soil (shale, greywacke, quartzite) woodrush-beech forest. Worthy of mention are

832-696: The aforesaid national park, the Wildunger Bergland ("Wildungen Highlands"), which makes up the middle part of the Kellerwald, and the Keller (also known as the Hoher Keller or the Hoher Kellerwald , a mountain ridge in the south of the Kellerwald) made up of, from southwest to northeast, Jeust (585 m above sea level), Wüstegarten (675 m), Hunsrück (636 m) and Sauklippe (584 m). Geologically

864-585: The forest of Herrenwald which barely reaches 300 m above NN in height, near Stadtallendorf , the south is also largely wooded. In the southwest flows the Gleen , which in the south is part of the boundary stream of the Lower Vogelsberg . The Gilserberg Heights lie within the counties of Schwalm-Eder-Kreis and Marburg-Biedenkopf , the Neustadt Saddle mainly within Marburg-Biedenkopf and

896-471: The many special places on the steep slopes at the Edersee. Here are found the last remains of virgin forest and gnarled sessile oak forests with St. Bernard's lilies , and the highest incidence in Hesse of Cheddar pinks . In the higher levels grow mountain arnica and maiden pinks , and in the valley areas western marsh orchids and early purple orchids . Near the Jägersburg near Odershausen are found

928-425: The name Köhlerwald ("charcoal maker forest"), commonly pronounced Köllerwald (with an [ œ ] sound, rather than [ø] ; this [œ] is not very different from the [ɛ] sound of Kellerwald ). The other interpretation holds that the name was originally Kahler Wald ("bare forest" or "bald forest"), a name suggested by heavy clearing in some parts of the woods at one time. Either process could have yielded

960-454: The name Kellerwald used today through sound shifts. Wald simply means "forest" in German . The Kellerwald is subject to a special conservation status. Almost its whole unspoilt natural area belongs to the Kellerwald-Edersee Nature Park. The northern part, with an area of 57.24 km has been designated since 1 January 2004 as the Kellerwald-Edersee National Park . Furthermore, a great area

992-543: The nature park and the Urff, a linear Special Area of Conservation from the source to the river's mouth into the Schwalm. In small areas, there are also nature reserves and protected scenic areas. The conservation efforts have yielded, perhaps most importantly, one of Central Europe 's last contiguous broadleaf forests of international grade. The predominant woodland type is described as acidic-soil woodrush - beech forest. In 2005,

Upper Hessian Ridge - Misplaced Pages Continue

1024-625: The northern area belong to the Treysa State Forest, its southwestern spur near Burgholz to the Rauschenberg State Forest and the Kirchhain Municipal Forest. Whilst in the north, in the immediate neighbourhood zum noch gut 200 m höheren Kellerwald , noch Höhen von bis zu 470.6 m ( Hundskopf ) erreicht, flacht der Höhenzug nach Süden auf die maximale Gipfelhöhe von 379.1 m ( Burgholz ) ab. The (from

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