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101-459: In 2004, Hello! Project held a nationwide audition titled "Hello Pro Egg Audition 2004". Out of over 10,000 applicants, 31 girls were successful. Six out of the seven members were originally part of the "egg" generation, while Sato Ayano joined the trainee group in 2009. During the last egg concert of 2010, Hello! Project announced a change in their trainee group. As part of this change, many older members completed their training, but were not added to

202-446: A 'major system change', with new member auditions starting. On October 26, members Konatsu Furukawa, Saki Mori, Akari Saho and Manami Arai all announced their graduations from the group, which would leave Azusa Sekine as the only remaining original member. The group would hold a final event with their five member lineup called "Up Up Girls (Kakko Kari) FIVE SOUL FOREVER" on December 17 at Zepp Tokyo, with an additional farewell party. It

303-430: A Hello! Project solo act. On October 23, 2017, a new YouTube channel titled tiny tiny was announced to start on October 26. The hosts are Sharam Q's Makoto, who is also known for being the long-time MC of Hello! Project concerts, and Noriko Kato. Each week, an active Hello! Project member or OG member is brought on as a guest to deliver "small pleasures that would unexpectedly become a great source of happiness and brighten

404-624: A benefit from the in-group to the out-group) means "[I/we] explained [it] to [him/her/them]". Such beneficiary auxiliary verbs thus serve a function comparable to that of pronouns and prepositions in Indo-European languages to indicate the actor and the recipient of an action. Japanese "pronouns" also function differently from most modern Indo-European pronouns (and more like nouns) in that they can take modifiers as any other noun may. For instance, one does not say in English: The amazed he ran down

505-414: A distinct language of its own that has absorbed various aspects from neighboring languages. Japanese has five vowels, and vowel length is phonemic, with each having both a short and a long version. Elongated vowels are usually denoted with a line over the vowel (a macron ) in rōmaji , a repeated vowel character in hiragana , or a chōonpu succeeding the vowel in katakana . /u/ ( listen )

606-456: A female vocalist. These auditions aired via the reality show Asayan , and resulted in Michiyo Heike being crowned winner. Tsunku decided to give five of the runners-up, Yuko Nakazawa , Natsumi Abe , Kaori Iida , Asuka Fukuda and Aya Ishiguro , named " Morning Musume ", a chance to become a group by selling 50,000 copies of their demo single " Ai no Tane " in just five days. The girls sold

707-549: A few promoted Hello Pro Kenshuusei, including a new group led by Reina Ichioka. On June 12, 2017, °C-ute held their last concert, titled °C-ute Last Concert in Saitama Super Arena ~Thank you team°C-ute~, a day after the 12th anniversary of their formation. A few weeks later, Momoko Tsugunuaga graduated from Country Girls and Hello! Project at the Tsugunaga Momoko Last Live ♥Arigatou Otomomochi♥ on June 30, 2017,

808-419: A glide /j/ and either the first part of a geminate consonant ( っ / ッ , represented as Q) or a moraic nasal in the coda ( ん / ン , represented as N). The nasal is sensitive to its phonetic environment and assimilates to the following phoneme, with pronunciations including [ɴ, m, n, ɲ, ŋ, ɰ̃] . Onset-glide clusters only occur at the start of syllables but clusters across syllables are allowed as long as

909-415: A group for 11 years, 1 month, and 17 days and graduated on the 11th anniversary of their debut. On July 21, 2015, Hello! Project officially opened their first official smartphone app, Hello! Project Mobile or "Hello! Moba" for short. The 400 yen monthly subscription plan allowed users of the app to gain access to exclusive content such as "Hello! Gacha" or the popular Pocket Morning questionnaires. Users with

1010-508: A guesthouse. Hello! Project members would be making appearances in each episode of the drama as guest performers at the guesthouse. On December 12, 2021, it was announced that the new group would be named OCHA NORMA and two new members from the Hello! Project Shin Member Audition 2021 would join the group. From June 8 to June 11, 2023, the Hello! Project groups held a special concert as part of

1111-479: A listener depending on the listener's relative social position and the degree of familiarity between the speaker and the listener. When used in different social relationships, the same word may have positive (intimate or respectful) or negative (distant or disrespectful) connotations. Japanese often use titles of the person referred to where pronouns would be used in English. For example, when speaking to one's teacher, it

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1212-443: A member. The campaign also allows fans to promote their cities for concerts to take place there in the future. A month prior to this announcement, fans outside of Japan have also been encouraged to send in questions for Hello! Project Station's MC talk corner. On May 1, 2018, staff announced that a new web show based on viewer feedback was being planned for summer 2018. It would include future projects with international fans similar to

1313-408: A sentence need not be stated and pronouns may be omitted if they can be inferred from context. In the example above, hana ga nagai would mean "[their] noses are long", while nagai by itself would mean "[they] are long." A single verb can be a complete sentence: Yatta! ( やった! ) "[I / we / they / etc] did [it]!". In addition, since adjectives can form the predicate in a Japanese sentence (below),

1414-428: A single adjective can be a complete sentence: Urayamashii! ( 羨ましい! ) "[I'm] jealous [about it]!". While the language has some words that are typically translated as pronouns, these are not used as frequently as pronouns in some Indo-European languages, and function differently. In some cases, Japanese relies on special verb forms and auxiliary verbs to indicate the direction of benefit of an action: "down" to indicate

1515-675: Is compressed rather than protruded , or simply unrounded. Some Japanese consonants have several allophones , which may give the impression of a larger inventory of sounds. However, some of these allophones have since become phonemic. For example, in the Japanese language up to and including the first half of the 20th century, the phonemic sequence /ti/ was palatalized and realized phonetically as [tɕi] , approximately chi ( listen ) ; however, now [ti] and [tɕi] are distinct, as evidenced by words like tī [tiː] "Western-style tea" and chii [tɕii] "social status". The "r" of

1616-421: Is topic–comment . Sentence-final particles are used to add emotional or emphatic impact, or form questions. Nouns have no grammatical number or gender , and there are no articles . Verbs are conjugated , primarily for tense and voice , but not person . Japanese adjectives are also conjugated. Japanese has a complex system of honorifics , with verb forms and vocabulary to indicate the relative status of

1717-445: Is also seen in o-medetō "congratulations", from medetaku ). Late Middle Japanese has the first loanwords from European languages – now-common words borrowed into Japanese in this period include pan ("bread") and tabako ("tobacco", now "cigarette"), both from Portuguese . Modern Japanese is considered to begin with the Edo period (which spanned from 1603 to 1867). Since Old Japanese,

1818-519: Is also used in a limited fashion (such as for imported acronyms) in Japanese writing. The numeral system uses mostly Arabic numerals , but also traditional Chinese numerals . Proto-Japonic , the common ancestor of the Japanese and Ryukyuan languages , is thought to have been brought to Japan by settlers coming from the Korean peninsula sometime in the early- to mid-4th century BC (the Yayoi period ), replacing

1919-440: Is appropriate to use sensei ( 先生 , "teacher"), but inappropriate to use anata . This is because anata is used to refer to people of equal or lower status, and one's teacher has higher status. Japanese nouns have no grammatical number, gender or article aspect. The noun hon ( 本 ) may refer to a single book or several books; hito ( 人 ) can mean "person" or "people", and ki ( 木 ) can be "tree" or "trees". Where number

2020-684: Is associated with comedy (see Kansai dialect ). Dialects of Tōhoku and North Kantō are associated with typical farmers. The Ryūkyūan languages, spoken in Okinawa and the Amami Islands (administratively part of Kagoshima ), are distinct enough to be considered a separate branch of the Japonic family; not only is each language unintelligible to Japanese speakers, but most are unintelligible to those who speak other Ryūkyūan languages. However, in contrast to linguists, many ordinary Japanese people tend to consider

2121-462: Is better documentation of Late Middle Japanese phonology than for previous forms (for instance, the Arte da Lingoa de Iapam ). Among other sound changes, the sequence /au/ merges to /ɔː/ , in contrast with /oː/ ; /p/ is reintroduced from Chinese; and /we/ merges with /je/ . Some forms rather more familiar to Modern Japanese speakers begin to appear – the continuative ending - te begins to reduce onto

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2222-509: Is correlated with the sex of the speaker and the social situation in which they are spoken: men and women alike in a formal situation generally refer to themselves as watashi ( 私 , literally "private") or watakushi (also 私 , hyper-polite form), while men in rougher or intimate conversation are much more likely to use the word ore ( 俺 "oneself", "myself") or boku . Similarly, different words such as anata , kimi , and omae ( お前 , more formally 御前 "the one before me") may refer to

2323-431: Is currently jointly managed by YU-M Entertainment and Up-Front Group . During 2015, Up-Front Group created a partnership with YU-M, a new agency. YU-M is their primary management while Up-Front Create is a producer of their releases. Under YU-M, the group reached their dream of performing at Nippon Budokan . The company was able to afford the rental cost, but "ran out" of money for outfits and decorations. This resulted in

2424-417: Is important, it can be indicated by providing a quantity (often with a counter word ) or (rarely) by adding a suffix, or sometimes by duplication (e.g. 人人 , hitobito , usually written with an iteration mark as 人々 ). Words for people are usually understood as singular. Thus Tanaka-san usually means Mx Tanaka . Words that refer to people and animals can be made to indicate a group of individuals through

2525-722: Is less common. In terms of mutual intelligibility , a survey in 1967 found that the four most unintelligible dialects (excluding Ryūkyūan languages and Tōhoku dialects ) to students from Greater Tokyo were the Kiso dialect (in the deep mountains of Nagano Prefecture ), the Himi dialect (in Toyama Prefecture ), the Kagoshima dialect and the Maniwa dialect (in Okayama Prefecture ). The survey

2626-420: Is often called a topic-prominent language , which means it has a strong tendency to indicate the topic separately from the subject, and that the two do not always coincide. The sentence Zō wa hana ga nagai ( 象は鼻が長い ) literally means, "As for elephant(s), (the) nose(s) (is/are) long". The topic is zō "elephant", and the subject is hana "nose". Japanese grammar tends toward brevity; the subject or object of

2727-489: Is preserved in words such as matsuge ("eyelash", lit. "hair of the eye"); modern mieru ("to be visible") and kikoeru ("to be audible") retain a mediopassive suffix - yu(ru) ( kikoyu → kikoyuru (the attributive form, which slowly replaced the plain form starting in the late Heian period) → kikoeru (all verbs with the shimo-nidan conjugation pattern underwent this same shift in Early Modern Japanese )); and

2828-646: Is the principal language of the Japonic language family spoken by the Japanese people . It has around 123 million speakers, primarily in Japan , the only country where it is the national language , and within the Japanese diaspora worldwide. The Japonic family also includes the Ryukyuan languages and the variously classified Hachijō language . There have been many attempts to group the Japonic languages with other families such as

2929-402: Is the version of Japanese discussed in this article. Formerly, standard Japanese in writing ( 文語 , bungo , "literary language") was different from colloquial language ( 口語 , kōgo ) . The two systems have different rules of grammar and some variance in vocabulary. Bungo was the main method of writing Japanese until about 1900; since then kōgo gradually extended its influence and

3030-471: Is used for the present and the future. For verbs that represent an ongoing process, the -te iru form indicates a continuous (or progressive) aspect , similar to the suffix ing in English. For others that represent a change of state, the -te iru form indicates a perfect aspect. For example, kite iru means "They have come (and are still here)", but tabete iru means "They are eating". Questions (both with an interrogative pronoun and yes/no questions) have

3131-405: Is why some linguists do not classify Japanese "pronouns" as pronouns, but rather as referential nouns, much like Spanish usted (contracted from vuestra merced , "your ( majestic plural ) grace") or Portuguese você (from vossa mercê ). Japanese personal pronouns are generally used only in situations requiring special emphasis as to who is doing what to whom. The choice of words used as pronouns

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3232-603: The Ainu , Austronesian , Koreanic , and the now-discredited Altaic , but none of these proposals have gained any widespread acceptance. Little is known of the language's prehistory, or when it first appeared in Japan. Chinese documents from the 3rd century AD recorded a few Japanese words, but substantial Old Japanese texts did not appear until the 8th century. From the Heian period (794–1185), extensive waves of Sino-Japanese vocabulary entered

3333-455: The Japonic language family, which also includes the Ryukyuan languages spoken in the Ryukyu Islands . As these closely related languages are commonly treated as dialects of the same language, Japanese is sometimes called a language isolate . According to Martine Irma Robbeets , Japanese has been subject to more attempts to show its relation to other languages than any other language in

3434-504: The Philippines , and various Pacific islands, locals in those countries learned Japanese as the language of the empire. As a result, many elderly people in these countries can still speak Japanese. Japanese emigrant communities (the largest of which are to be found in Brazil , with 1.4 million to 1.5 million Japanese immigrants and descendants, according to Brazilian IBGE data, more than

3535-716: The United States (notably in Hawaii , where 16.7% of the population has Japanese ancestry, and California ), and the Philippines (particularly in Davao Region and the Province of Laguna ). Japanese has no official status in Japan, but is the de facto national language of the country. There is a form of the language considered standard : hyōjungo ( 標準語 ) , meaning "standard Japanese", or kyōtsūgo ( 共通語 ) , "common language", or even "Tokyo dialect" at times. The meanings of

3636-494: The Yokohama Arena , Hello! Project held its largest concert ever—the Hello! Pro Awards '09: Elder Club Graduation Special ( 決定！ハロ☆プロアワード'09 ～エルダークラブ卒業記念スべシャル～ , Kettei! Hello Pro Awards '09: Elder Club Sotsugyō Kinen Special ) —featuring 21 groups and 72 members. During the concert, former Hello! Project leader Yuko Nakazawa passed her leadership position to Morning Musume leader Ai Takahashi . Later in 2009, several of

3737-794: The de facto standard Japanese had been the Kansai dialect , especially that of Kyoto . However, during the Edo period, Edo (now Tokyo) developed into the largest city in Japan, and the Edo-area dialect became standard Japanese. Since the end of Japan's self-imposed isolation in 1853, the flow of loanwords from European languages has increased significantly. The period since 1945 has seen many words borrowed from other languages—such as German, Portuguese and English. Many English loan words especially relate to technology—for example, pasokon (short for "personal computer"), intānetto ("internet"), and kamera ("camera"). Due to

3838-493: The "#hp_here" campaign on Hello! Project Station. The show, which was later announced as the OMAKE CHANNEL, began on August 1, 2018. On May 11, 2018, the Hello! Project "ONLY YOU" Audition began, searching for members of a new group led by Reina Ichioka and a second new group including Kurumi Takase and Momohime Kiyono in its line-up. On October 19, 2018, the two new groups were named CHICA#TETSU and Ame no Mori Kawa Umi, and it

3939-518: The 1.2 million of the United States ) sometimes employ Japanese as their primary language. Approximately 12% of Hawaii residents speak Japanese, with an estimated 12.6% of the population of Japanese ancestry in 2008. Japanese emigrants can also be found in Peru , Argentina , Australia (especially in the eastern states), Canada (especially in Vancouver , where 1.4% of the population has Japanese ancestry),

4040-430: The 700 yen monthly subscription plan could also gain access to "Hello! Radio". On October 29, 2015, Riho Sayashi announced her graduation from Morning Musume '15 in order to study English and dance abroad, but would stay as a member of Hello! Project. Following her graduation on December 31, she was listed as a Hello! Project solo act. On July 16, 2016, the formation of a new trainee branch, Hello Pro Kenshuusei Hokkaido,

4141-655: The Chinese market by inviting prospective Chinese artists to audition in secret, eventually resulting in Li Chun and Qian Lin to Morning Musume's roster. Hello! Project also set up an overseas branch in Taiwan, titled Hello! Project Taiwan, and held the "Hello! Project New Star Audition" to recruit members. In September 2008, the group Ice Creamusume was formed under a Taiwanese-affiliated label as Hello! Project's first overseas group. Duo Frances & Aiko, later named Big Small Sister ,

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4242-415: The Hello! Project 2015 winter concert, a new group consisting of Hello Pro Kenshusei members was announced and was named Magnolia Factory . On April 29, 2015, Magnolia Factory's sister group, Camellia Factory was also formed. On March 3, 2015, Berryz Koubou performed their last concert before their indefinite hiatus, Berryz Koubou Last Concert 2015 Berryz Koubou Ikube!, at Nippon Budokan. They had been

4343-482: The Japanese language is of particular interest, ranging between an apical central tap and a lateral approximant . The "g" is also notable; unless it starts a sentence, it may be pronounced [ ŋ ] , in the Kanto prestige dialect and in other eastern dialects. The phonotactics of Japanese are relatively simple. The syllable structure is (C)(G)V(C), that is, a core vowel surrounded by an optional onset consonant,

4444-724: The Old Japanese sections are written in Man'yōgana , which uses kanji for their phonetic as well as semantic values. Based on the Man'yōgana system, Old Japanese can be reconstructed as having 88 distinct morae . Texts written with Man'yōgana use two different sets of kanji for each of the morae now pronounced き (ki), ひ (hi), み (mi), け (ke), へ (he), め (me), こ (ko), そ (so), と (to), の (no), も (mo), よ (yo) and ろ (ro). (The Kojiki has 88, but all later texts have 87. The distinction between mo 1 and mo 2 apparently

4545-488: The Ryūkyūan languages as dialects of Japanese. The imperial court also seems to have spoken an unusual variant of the Japanese of the time, most likely the spoken form of Classical Japanese , a writing style that was prevalent during the Heian period , but began to decline during the late Meiji period . The Ryūkyūan languages are classified by UNESCO as 'endangered', as young people mostly use Japanese and cannot understand

4646-527: The Sayonara Nakano Sunplaza Ongakusai festival at Nakano Sunplaza, with Juice=Juice hosting on June 8, BEYOOOOONDS on June 9, OCHA NORMA & Hello Pro Kenshuusei and Tsubaki Factory on June 10, and ANGERME and Morning Musume '23 on June 11. The festival was held in celebration of the hall's 50 years of history, and also of its closure on July 2. Japanese language Japanese ( 日本語 , Nihongo , [ɲihoŋɡo] )

4747-733: The Winter 2013 Hello! Project concert, Juice=Juice , a new unit consisting of Hello! Pro Kenshusei members was announced, They previewed their debut song at the Hello Project concert series held on March 2–3. On November 26, 2014, Sayumi Michishige graduated and handed her position as Hello! Project's leader to C-ute's Maimi Yajima . Tsunku revealed in his 2015 memoir, Dakara, Ikiru that he stepped down as Hello! Project's general manager sometime after Morning Musume's New York concert in 2014; however, he still remains involved with Morning Musume as their sound producer. On January 2, 2015, during

4848-543: The addition of a collective suffix (a noun suffix that indicates a group), such as -tachi , but this is not a true plural: the meaning is closer to the English phrase "and company". A group described as Tanaka-san-tachi may include people not named Tanaka. Some Japanese nouns are effectively plural, such as hitobito "people" and wareware "we/us", while the word tomodachi "friend" is considered singular, although plural in form. Verbs are conjugated to show tenses, of which there are two: past and present (or non-past) which

4949-567: The audition were announced. With a late addition to the group, these five girls formed Up Up Girls (2), pronounced Kakko Niki. They are a sister group to Up Up Girls (Kakko Kari). From May 29 to June 19, 2017, auditions for Up Up Girls (Pro-Wrestler) were held. From these auditions, four successful applicants formed the newest addition to the Up Up Girls lineup. On April 28, Sengoku Minami and Sato Ayano announced their graduation from Up Up Girls (Kari). Sengoku moved on to acting while Sato retired from

5050-560: The audition. These members were Yurika Furuya, Meina Suzuki, Sumire Kudo, Ayu Suzuki, Seina Koyama, Yume Aoyagi and Haruka Sumida. Along with these new members, Sekine announced that she would change her member color from orange to red. On December 31, Furukawa, Mori, Saho and Arai officially ended activities and graduated from the group. On July 27, they released new single titled "Ippome no YES! / Sensen Brand New World!". On January 25, they released first mini album titled "Apuga Yabai". On March 18, Sumire Kudo and Ayu Suzuki graduated from

5151-424: The crowdfunding of over 12,000,000 JYP . The crowdfunding was successful, but they did not reach their goal of selling out the venue and only filled a little over 4000 of Budokan's 14,000+ capacity. At this Budokan concert, they announced their search for girls who would become either a sister group, rival group, or full members. The auditions began on November 8, 2016. In February the four successful applicants from

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5252-556: The day of Hello! Project Kids' 15th anniversary. On July 15, 2017, the Hello! Project Shin Member Audition was announced at the Hello! Project 2017 SUMMER ~HELLO! MEETING~ concert and opened for applications on the same day. On September 8, 2017, Manaka Inaba announced her return to Hello! Project after a year and half long hiatus due to health issues, which resulted in her graduating from her debut group Country Girls during her absence. She would advise Hello Pro Kenshuusei Hokkaido as their new leader, but also pursue individual activities as

5353-564: The effect of changing Japanese into a mora-timed language. Late Middle Japanese covers the years from 1185 to 1600, and is normally divided into two sections, roughly equivalent to the Kamakura period and the Muromachi period , respectively. The later forms of Late Middle Japanese are the first to be described by non-native sources, in this case the Jesuit and Franciscan missionaries; and thus there

5454-607: The end of 2015, decided to graduate from Hello! Project at the end of November when her exclusive contract with UP-FRONT PROMOTION had ended. On December 31, 2018, during Hello! Project 20th Anniversary!! Hello! Project COUNTDOWN PARTY 2018 ~GOOD BYE & HELLO!~ first part, Ayaka Wada announced that Mizuki Fukumura would become the new leader of Hello! Project after her graduation. On December 26, 2019, Country Girls suspended activities. On March 30, 2020, Kobushi Factory disbanded. From April 9 to May 6, 2020, all Hello! Project stores were closed due to emergency measures established by

5555-481: The entertainment industry. After the graduation of Sengoku Minami and Sato Ayano on September 15, 2017, the group decreased to five members. No additional members were added to their lineup and no announcements were made as to whether or not Kakko Niki or Pro-Wrestler members would join the flagship group. After a short break, Up Up Girls (Kari) returned to the stage in November 2017 as a five-member group. On September 26,

5656-534: The fan club of the two acts was called "Hello!" The first official "units" were Tanpopo and Petitmoni , created in October 1998. The first "Michiyo Heike & Morning Musume Imotōbun Audition" took place, resulting in the "second generation" of Morning Musume to be added, made up of Sayaka Ichii , Mari Yaguchi and Kei Yasuda . In January 1999, auditions for Country Musume were held on "Idol o Sagase!" ( アイドルをさがせ! , Search For an Idol! ) . In April of that year

5757-455: The flow of loanwords from European languages increased significantly, and words from English roots have proliferated. Japanese is an agglutinative , mora -timed language with relatively simple phonotactics , a pure vowel system, phonemic vowel and consonant length, and a lexically significant pitch-accent . Word order is normally subject–object–verb with particles marking the grammatical function of words, and sentence structure

5858-609: The genitive particle ga remains in intentionally archaic speech. Early Middle Japanese is the Japanese of the Heian period , from 794 to 1185. It formed the basis for the literary standard of Classical Japanese , which remained in common use until the early 20th century. During this time, Japanese underwent numerous phonological developments, in many cases instigated by an influx of Chinese loanwords . These included phonemic length distinction for both consonants and vowels , palatal consonants (e.g. kya ) and labial consonant clusters (e.g. kwa ), and closed syllables . This had

5959-460: The girls' official fan club was renamed "Hello! Project", a name which was later used to represent an enterprise of member-changing girl groups . Auditions were once again held on Asayan between April and July, resulting in Taiyō to Ciscomoon and Coconuts Musume , with Country Musume's official formation announced. In July, the first live concert of Hello! Project, "Hello! Project '99 at Yokohama Arena ,"

6060-509: The government to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic . On May 11, 2020, an official Hello! Project TikTok account opened up, and select songs from the current active groups were made available to use for editing in the app. On June 15, 2020, after months of concerts and events being cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic , UP-FRONT PROMOTION announced their plans for the annual summer concerts. Unlike previous years, these concerts featured

6161-473: The group held the "Up Up Girls (Kakko Kari) ENDLESS SUMMER in HIBIYA YAON" live concert, which was streamed through the Japanese website Niconico. The crowdfunding for the concert had opened on September 1, with 100% of the 8 million yen target amount being raised within just over three weeks. They raised over 12 million yen total for the concert. During the concert, it was announced that the group would go through

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6262-694: The group. Hello! Project Hello! Project ( Japanese : ハロー!プロジェクト , Hepburn : Harō! Purojekuto ) is a Japanese musical collective consisting of all female recording artists and groups under Up-Front Promotion , a subsidiary of Up-Front Group . The name was initially used as Michiyo Heike and Morning Musume 's fan club name in 1999, but has since then been used to represent all female recording artists at Up-Front Promotion. Until 2014, their songs were primarily produced by Tsunku . Hello! Project's main acts consist of Morning Musume, Angerme , Juice=Juice , Camellia Factory , Beyooooonds , Ocha Norma and Rosy Chronicle . Notable acts in

6363-430: The language, affecting the phonology of Early Middle Japanese . Late Middle Japanese (1185–1600) saw extensive grammatical changes and the first appearance of European loanwords . The basis of the standard dialect moved from the Kansai region to the Edo region (modern Tokyo ) in the Early Modern Japanese period (early 17th century–mid 19th century). Following the end of Japan's self-imposed isolation in 1853,

6464-453: The languages of the original Jōmon inhabitants, including the ancestor of the modern Ainu language . Because writing had yet to be introduced from China, there is no direct evidence, and anything that can be discerned about this period must be based on internal reconstruction from Old Japanese , or comparison with the Ryukyuan languages and Japanese dialects . The Chinese writing system

6565-449: The languages. Okinawan Japanese is a variant of Standard Japanese influenced by the Ryūkyūan languages, and is the primary dialect spoken among young people in the Ryukyu Islands . Modern Japanese has become prevalent nationwide (including the Ryūkyū islands) due to education , mass media , and an increase in mobility within Japan, as well as economic integration. Japanese is a member of

6666-427: The large quantity of English loanwords, modern Japanese has developed a distinction between [tɕi] and [ti] , and [dʑi] and [di] , with the latter in each pair only found in loanwords. Although Japanese is spoken almost exclusively in Japan, it has also been spoken outside of the country. Before and during World War II , through Japanese annexation of Taiwan and Korea , as well as partial occupation of China ,

6767-504: The leader from May 19, 2012 to November 26, 2014. Maimi Yajima was the leader from November 27, 2014 to December 31, 2016. Ayaka Wada was the group's leader from January 1, 2017 to June 18, 2019, with Mizuki Fukumura as sub-leader. Fukumura took over the leader role beginning June 19, 2019. After Fukumura's graduation on November 29, 2023, Erina Ikuta took over the leader role beginning November 30, 2023. In 1997, Japanese rock group Sharam Q , fronted by Tsunku , began auditions for

6868-503: The lives of viewers". On February 28, 2018, an Instagram campaign, titled "Hello Pro here" (or "H!P here"), was announced in order to grow closer with international fans. Fans have been asked to take photos and videos of famous attractions and famous products where they live, while also showing their love for Hello! Project, and to post it on Instagram with the hashtag "#hp_here". Out of all the posts shared, one person will be randomly selected to appear on Hello! Project Station and speak with

6969-502: The major groups within Hello! Project. Saho Akari was the last to complete her training. Up Up Girls originally consisted of six girls, later growing to seven with the addition of Saho Akari. Their first event was held on May 1, 2011. From their formation to late 2012 all of their releases were under Up-Front Works , after which they were signed by T-Palette Records . Their first seven singles and first album were released by Up-Front Works. They were transferred to Up-Front Create. The group

7070-426: The members performing solo covers of J-Pop ballads by artists outside of Hello! Project. In compliance with government policy, cheering, crowding, and closeness in the venue are prohibited, the venues were filled to 50% capacity, and wearing masks was required to enter. They made the decision to hold the concerts despite the pandemic due to the members' desire to stand on stage as soon as possible. On February 10, 2021,

7171-424: The new leader of Hello! Project at the start of 2017 with Morning Musume '16 leader Mizuki Fukumura as the first ever sub-leader of Hello! Project. Ayaka Wada is the first former Hello Pro Egg to hold this position. In March 2017, a new SATOYAMA movement unit named Kamiishinaka Kana was formed. On May 22, 2017, Buono! held their last performance, Buono! Live 2017 ~Pienezza!~, at Yokohama Arena. On June 9, 2017, it

7272-452: The old, dormant units were revived. Tanpopo , Minimoni , Petitmoni , ZYX , Aa! and v-u-den all returned with new line-ups, and High-King returned from hiatus with its original members. These groups became a new concert unit, "Champloo". In April 2009, Tsunku announced a new group consisting of four Hello! Pro Egg members, named Smileage , who later debuted on a major label in May 2010 with

7373-425: The only strict rule of word order is that the verb must be placed at the end of a sentence (possibly followed by sentence-end particles). This is because Japanese sentence elements are marked with particles that identify their grammatical functions. The basic sentence structure is topic–comment . For example, Kochira wa Tanaka-san desu ( こちらは田中さんです ). kochira ("this") is the topic of the sentence, indicated by

7474-470: The out-group gives a benefit to the in-group, and "up" to indicate the in-group gives a benefit to the out-group. Here, the in-group includes the speaker and the out-group does not, and their boundary depends on context. For example, oshiete moratta ( 教えてもらった ) (literally, "explaining got" with a benefit from the out-group to the in-group) means "[he/she/they] explained [it] to [me/us]". Similarly, oshiete ageta ( 教えてあげた ) (literally, "explaining gave" with

7575-415: The particle wa . The verb desu is a copula , commonly translated as "to be" or "it is" (though there are other verbs that can be translated as "to be"), though technically it holds no meaning and is used to give a sentence 'politeness'. As a phrase, Tanaka-san desu is the comment. This sentence literally translates to "As for this person, (it) is Mx Tanaka." Thus Japanese, like many other Asian languages,

7676-469: The past associated with Hello! Project include Aya Matsuura , Maki Goto , Mini-Moni , W , Melon Kinenbi , Berryz Kobo , Cute , Country Girls and Magnolia Factory . Yuko Nakazawa was Hello! Project's leader from April 15, 2001 to March 31, 2009. Ai Takahashi became the group's leader from April 1, 2009 to September 30, 2011. Risa Niigaki then became the leader from October 1, 2011 to May 18, 2012. After her departure, Sayumi Michishige became

7777-477: The proposed larger Altaic family, or to various Southeast Asian languages , especially Austronesian . None of these proposals have gained wide acceptance (and the Altaic family itself is now considered controversial). As it stands, only the link to Ryukyuan has wide support. Other theories view the Japanese language as an early creole language formed through inputs from at least two distinct language groups, or as

7878-595: The required number of copies in four days, and subsequently became an official group. Morning Musume's debut single, " Morning Coffee ," was released on January 28, 1998 on the One Up Music label and charted at #6 on the Oricon weekly chart. The group's first official appearance was a joint live in August 1998, at Shibuya Public Hall (now Shibuya C.C. Lemon Hall), under the name "Michiyo Heike and Morning Musume," ( 平家みちよとモーニング娘。 )

7979-459: The same structure as affirmative sentences, but with intonation rising at the end. In the formal register, the question particle -ka is added. For example, ii desu ( いいです ) "It is OK" becomes ii desu-ka ( いいですか。 ) "Is it OK?". In a more informal tone sometimes the particle -no ( の ) is added instead to show a personal interest of the speaker: Dōshite konai-no? "Why aren't (you) coming?". Some simple queries are formed simply by mentioning

8080-414: The single " Yume Miru 15 ". On January 28, 2011, Dream Morning Musume was formed consisting of previous Morning Musume members. On September 30, 2011, Ai Takahashi graduated and handed her position as leader of Morning Musume and Hello! Project over to fellow member Risa Niigaki , who also graduated on May 18, 2012. Sayumi Michishige was later named the group's new leader. During the last concert of

8181-439: The speaker, the listener, and persons mentioned. The Japanese writing system combines Chinese characters , known as kanji ( 漢字 , ' Han characters') , with two unique syllabaries (or moraic scripts) derived by the Japanese from the more complex Chinese characters: hiragana ( ひらがな or 平仮名 , 'simple characters') and katakana ( カタカナ or 片仮名 , 'partial characters'). Latin script ( rōmaji ローマ字 )

8282-438: The special compilation album Hello! Project no Zenkyoku kara Atsumechaimashita! Vol.7 was released as part of a seven part series. Unlike the previous six volumes, which were all released in 2014, this volume commemorated the theatrical release of the 2021 film Ano Koro , a movie based on a true story of the life of a Hello! Project fan and the camaraderie that fans form in their passionate support of Hello! Project idols. Ano Koro

8383-797: The state as at the time the constitution was written, many of the elders participating in the process had been educated in Japanese during the South Seas Mandate over the island shown by the 1958 census of the Trust Territory of the Pacific that found that 89% of Palauans born between 1914 and 1933 could speak and read Japanese, but as of the 2005 Palau census there were no residents of Angaur that spoke Japanese at home. Japanese dialects typically differ in terms of pitch accent , inflectional morphology , vocabulary , and particle usage. Some even differ in vowel and consonant inventories, although this

8484-476: The street. (grammatically incorrect insertion of a pronoun) But one can grammatically say essentially the same thing in Japanese: 驚いた彼は道を走っていった。 Transliteration: Odoroita kare wa michi o hashitte itta. (grammatically correct) This is partly because these words evolved from regular nouns, such as kimi "you" ( 君 "lord"), anata "you" ( あなた "that side, yonder"), and boku "I" ( 僕 "servant"). This

8585-419: The two consonants are the moraic nasal followed by a homorganic consonant. Japanese also includes a pitch accent , which is not represented in moraic writing; for example [haꜜ.ɕi] ("chopsticks") and [ha.ɕiꜜ] ("bridge") are both spelled はし ( hashi ) , and are only differentiated by the tone contour. Japanese word order is classified as subject–object–verb . Unlike many Indo-European languages ,

8686-577: The two methods were both used in writing until the 1940s. Bungo still has some relevance for historians, literary scholars, and lawyers (many Japanese laws that survived World War II are still written in bungo , although there are ongoing efforts to modernize their language). Kōgo is the dominant method of both speaking and writing Japanese today, although bungo grammar and vocabulary are occasionally used in modern Japanese for effect. The 1982 state constitution of Angaur , Palau , names Japanese along with Palauan and English as an official language of

8787-472: The two terms (''hyōjungo'' and ''kyōtsūgo'') are almost the same. Hyōjungo or kyōtsūgo is a conception that forms the counterpart of dialect. This normative language was born after the Meiji Restoration ( 明治維新 , meiji ishin , 1868) from the language spoken in the higher-class areas of Tokyo (see Yamanote ). Hyōjungo is taught in schools and used on television and in official communications. It

8888-407: The verb (e.g. yonde for earlier yomite ), the -k- in the final mora of adjectives drops out ( shiroi for earlier shiroki ); and some forms exist where modern standard Japanese has retained the earlier form (e.g. hayaku > hayau > hayɔɔ , where modern Japanese just has hayaku , though the alternative form is preserved in the standard greeting o-hayō gozaimasu "good morning"; this ending

8989-548: The world. Since Japanese first gained the consideration of linguists in the late 19th century, attempts have been made to show its genealogical relation to languages or language families such as Ainu , Korean , Chinese , Tibeto-Burman , Uralic , Altaic (or Ural-Altaic ), Austroasiatic , Austronesian and Dravidian . At the fringe, some linguists have even suggested a link to Indo-European languages , including Greek , or to Sumerian . Main modern theories try to link Japanese either to northern Asian languages, like Korean or

9090-429: Was also added that Mori Saki would be the only member retiring from the entertainment industry. On November 10, they released their final album as five titled "6th Album (Kakko Kari)". On December 17, they held the aforementioned Up Up Girls (Kakko Kari) FIVE SOUL FOREVER concert, marking it as Furukawa, Mori, Saho and Arai's final live concert with the group. At the concert, it was revealed that seven members had passed

9191-645: Was also announced from the same audition. In February 2009, Hello! Project also held a series of auditions in South Korea with cooperation from Mnet . However, Hello! Project failed to break into the Chinese market due to piracy and their Chinese artists failing to draw an audience. Ice Creamusume also performed below expectations. Hello! Project scaled back on initial plans to expand overseas around 2010 and refocused their interests in Japan. On October 19, 2008, Hello! Project announced its entire Elder Club would be graduating on March 31, 2009. On February 1, 2009, at

9292-414: Was announced that Country Girls would change to a new system after Momoko Tsugunaga's departure. The group would become semi-active with three of the group's members joining other Hello! Project groups as concurrent members for their main activities. An announcement video was later uploaded to the Hello! Project Station YouTube channel, revealing the new placements of the transferring Country Girls members and

9393-444: Was announced that together they would form the combined group named BEYOOOOONDS alongside the Hello! Project "ONLY YOU" Audition winners. On November 3, 2018, solo talent Aika Mitsui, who had been on hiatus twice since 2013, decided to graduate from Hello! Project and retire from entertainment. On December 7, 2018, it was announced that another solo talent, Riho Sayashi, who had been on hiatus since she graduated from Morning Musume at

9494-503: Was announced. On August 20, 2016, °C-ute announced they would disband in June 2017 after a concert at Saitama Super Arena. On November 5, 2016, fellow former Hello! Project Kids member Momoko Tsugunaga announced that she would also retire from entertainment after her graduation in spring 2017. On December 31, 2016, at the Hello! Project COUNTDOWN PARTY 2016 ~GOOD BYE & HELLO!~, Yajima Maimi announced that ANGERME leader Ayaka Wada would become

9595-535: Was based on 12- to 20-second-long recordings of 135 to 244 phonemes , which 42 students listened to and translated word-for-word. The listeners were all Keio University students who grew up in the Kanto region . There are some language islands in mountain villages or isolated islands such as Hachijō-jima island , whose dialects are descended from Eastern Old Japanese . Dialects of the Kansai region are spoken or known by many Japanese, and Osaka dialect in particular

9696-525: Was held. The first shuffle units were formed in March 2000, releasing the "theme" of Hello! Project as a B-side . The first Hello! Project television show, " Hello! Morning ," was created in April. In March 2001, Morning Musume co-founder and leader Yuko Nakazawa announced her graduation from the group, which took place in April. Nakazawa was subsequently named as leader of the entirety of Hello! Project. Nakazawa's

9797-668: Was imported to Japan from Baekje around the start of the fifth century, alongside Buddhism. The earliest texts were written in Classical Chinese , although some of these were likely intended to be read as Japanese using the kanbun method, and show influences of Japanese grammar such as Japanese word order. The earliest text, the Kojiki , dates to the early eighth century, and was written entirely in Chinese characters, which are used to represent, at different times, Chinese, kanbun , and Old Japanese. As in other texts from this period,

9898-465: Was lost immediately following its composition.) This set of morae shrank to 67 in Early Middle Japanese , though some were added through Chinese influence. Man'yōgana also has a symbol for /je/ , which merges with /e/ before the end of the period. Several fossilizations of Old Japanese grammatical elements remain in the modern language – the genitive particle tsu (superseded by modern no )

9999-440: Was released in theaters on February 19, 2021. On March 12, 2021, the official HELLO! PROJECT STREAM ONLINE STORE website opened. Through the site, fans are able to purchase streaming tickets to access digital video recordings of concerts, events, or other shows featuring Hello! Project or M-line club acts. These recordings are not streamed live, and are available for repeated viewing during a set period of time. On July 5, 2021, it

10100-585: Was revealed at Hello Dream. that the Hello! Project Shin Member Audition 2021 (ハロー！プロジェクト 新メンバーオーディション2021) would start on July 20, 2021, in search of new members to join the new Hello! Project group. On December 3, 2021 it was announced that the Mokudora 24 drama Mayonaka ni Hello! featuring Hello! Project members would begin broadcasting via TV Tokyo every Thursday starting on January 13, 2022. The drama stars Momoko Kikuchi as an avid Hello! Project fan named Mariko, and Yuno Ohara as Mariko's daughter Misaki, who runs

10201-644: Was the first graduation in the history of Hello! Project, and garnered considerable media attention as a result. Between April and June 2002, auditions for Hello! Project Kids were held for girls under 12 years old. Out of 27,958 applicants, fifteen elementary school girls were chosen. After making minor appearances in television, film, and music, Hello! Project Kids later debuted as Berryz Kobo and Cute , who would go on to debut in March 2004 and February 2007 respectively, also spawning offshoot auditions such as auditions for Hello! Pro Egg and Hello! Project Kansai. In 2007, Hello! Project attempted to expand towards

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