105-525: The Universiti Malaya Medical Centre ( UMMC ) ( Malay : Pusat Perubatan Universiti Malaya , abbr: PPUM ), formerly known as University Hospital, is a government-funded teaching hospital and medical instructions located in Pantai Dalam , southwest corner of Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia . It was established by Statute in September 1962 and is part of Universiti Malaya . It serves as the teaching hospital for
210-604: A bundle of seventeen strips of the leaves of Palmyra Palm or borassus flabellifer Or inscribed with the words 'ILMU PUNCHA KEMAJUAN'. Since the late 1990s, the UM coat of arms was accompanied by the university's wordmark which is written in capital letters – 'UNIVERSITI MALAYA' in Malay or 'UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA' in English as seen on its corporate logo. This made UM the only university in Malaysia to have
315-596: A descendant of the Proto-Austronesian language , began to break up by at least 2000 BCE, possibly as a result of the southward expansion of Austronesian peoples into Maritime Southeast Asia from the island of Taiwan . The history of the Malay language can be divided into five periods: Old Malay, the Transitional Period, the Classical Malay, Late Modern Malay and Modern Malay. Old Malay is believed to be
420-403: A different language versions of its logo. But in late 2019, the university have decided to only use its logo with its official name in Malay language and thus, the English version of its logo is no longer used. The reason given by the university for the change was to make its official Malay name easier to pronounce. In 2022, UM made a refreshment on its corporate logo where the university's wordmark
525-627: A halt to the development of the college. The war in Europe came to Asia and Singapore was invaded by the Japanese in February 1942. After the war, the school was reopened and W.E. Dyer was Principal. The future of Raffles College was uncertain, until 1948 when Dr George V. Allen (later Sir) who was formerly the Principal of King Edward VII Medical College posted as the last Principal of Raffles College. The college
630-643: A hostel was built to accommodate 72 male students from the Federated Malay States. In 1921, the school was elevated in status to college. Between 1920 and 1930, the college went through a series of transformations, by replacing the old teaching staff with a younger generation of professionals and also nine new Chairs were created, the first in Anatomy in 1920, followed by Medicine, Surgery, and Midwifery & Gynaecology in 1922 and Clinical Surgery, Bacteriology, Biology, Bio-Chemistry, and Dental Surgery in 1926. And
735-518: A lingua franca derived from Classical Malay as well as Makassar Malay , which appears to be a mixed language . Malay historical linguists agree on the likelihood of the Malayic homeland being in western Borneo . A form known as Proto-Malayic was spoken in Borneo at least by 1000 BCE, it has been argued to be the ancestral language of all subsequent Malayic languages . Its ancestor, Proto-Malayo-Polynesian ,
840-571: A medical school to train assistant surgeons in 1889. Back then; when the country was under the rule of the British Empire, such a view that a European system of medical school is to established in a colony state was not particularly favoured among the European community and therefore there were several obstacles to be overcome before the school could be established. However, despite the odds, in June 1905, under
945-555: A mid vowel [e, o] . Orthographic note : both /e/ and /ə/ are written with ⟨e⟩ . Orthographic /e, o/ are relatively rare, so the letter ⟨e⟩ usually represents /ə/ . There are some homographs; for example, perang is used for both /pəraŋ/ "war" and /peraŋ ~ piraŋ/ "blond". (In Indonesia, "blond" may be written perang or pirang .) Some analyses regard /ai, au, oi/ as diphthongs. However, [ai] and [au] can only occur in open syllables, such as cukai ("tax") and pulau ("island"). Words with
1050-434: A phonetic diphthong in a closed syllable, such as baik ("good") and laut ("sea"), are actually two syllables. An alternative analysis therefore treats the phonetic diphthongs [ai] , [au] and [oi] as a sequence of a monophthong plus an approximant: /aj/ , /aw/ and /oj/ respectively. There is a rule of vowel harmony : the non-open vowels /i, e, u, o/ in bisyllabic words must agree in height, so hidung ("nose")
1155-431: A root word ( affixation ), formation of a compound word (composition), or repetition of words or portions of words ( reduplication ). Nouns and verbs may be basic roots, but frequently they are derived from other words by means of prefixes , suffixes and circumfixes . Malay does not make use of grammatical gender , and there are only a few words that use natural gender; the same word is used for 'he' and 'she' which
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#17328687274351260-588: A site designated for an education institution had its foundation stone laid by Sir Stamford. Soon after that, Raffles left for England and Morrison left for China, thus the establishment of the school never happened. The school building was revived as an English school named the Raffles Institution . In 1918, Sir William George Maxwell , the Colonial Secretary of the Straits Settlements chaired
1365-502: A site of about 750 acres of land in Pantai Valley on the outskirts of Kuala Lumpur . Although the main hospital building was completed by December 1966, commissioning of the hospital and opening of the wards proceeded slowly mainly because of a shortage of nursing staff. The first patients were admitted in March 1967 and before the end of the year several wards had been opened together with
1470-653: A stop in University Malaya Medical Centre (PPUM) and can be accessed from the PJ gate. Other rapidKL bus services may stop at PPUM. The proposed CC33 UM on MRT Circle Line is planned to be built inside the campus, near PPUM. Signage showing the direction of buildings and other sites appears frequently next to the campus roadways. The university also provides complimentary shuttle bus services during weekdays for students with 5 different routes, named AB, BA, C, D and E. Certain routes serve areas within
1575-451: A university college in Malaya. In March of the same year, the other members of the commission were announced and George Allen, principal of King George VII College, was appointed principal-designate of the planned university college. Carr-Saunders listened to the thoughts of the alumni association and students' union of King Edward VII College; he was impressed with the ideas of the president of
1680-475: A view was not in favour among the European community. Legislation was passed by the Straits Legislative Council in June 1905 under Ordinance No. XV 1905. The school opened on 3 July 1905 and began functioning in September. On 28 September 1905, Sir John Anderson officiated the school under the name 'The Straits and Federated Malay States Government Medical School.' The school was located in
1785-402: Is dia or for 'his' and 'her' which is dia punya . There is no grammatical plural in Malay either; thus orang may mean either 'person' or 'people'. Verbs are not inflected for person or number, and they are not marked for tense; tense is instead denoted by time adverbs (such as 'yesterday') or by other tense indicators, such as sudah 'already' and belum 'not yet'. On the other hand, there
1890-485: Is a public research university located in Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia . It is the oldest and highest ranking Malaysian institution of higher education, and was the only university in newly independent Malaya. The university has graduated five prime ministers of Malaysia , and other political, business, and cultural figures of national prominence. The predecessor of the university, King Edward VII College of Medicine ,
1995-456: Is a complex system of verb affixes to render nuances of meaning and to denote voice or intentional and accidental moods . Malay does not have a grammatical subject in the sense that English does. In intransitive clauses, the noun comes before the verb. When there is both an agent and an object , these are separated by the verb (OVA or AVO), with the difference encoded in the voice of the verb. OVA, commonly but inaccurately called "passive",
2100-657: Is accessible by car, bus, and both the LRT Kelana Jaya Line (Line 5) , MRT Kajang Line (Line 9) and KTM Port Klang Line (Line 2) of the Klang Valley Integrated Transit System . The campus will also become accessible by future MRT Circle Line . The campus can be accessed by alighting from KJ19 Universiti on LRT Kelana Jaya Line, with a 15-minute walk to the Kuala Lumpur (KL) entrance. KD02 Angkasapuri station on
2205-430: Is allowed but * hedung is not. Pronunciation Pronunciation Pronunciation Study by Uri Tadmor which was published in 2003 shows that mutation of ⟨a⟩ in final open syllable is an areal feature. Specifically, it is an areal feature of Western Austronesia. Uri Tadmor classify those types into four groups as below. Malay is an agglutinative language , and new words are formed by three methods: attaching affixes onto
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#17328687274352310-557: Is an Austronesian language that is an official language of Brunei , Indonesia , Malaysia , and Singapore . It is also spoken in East Timor and parts of Thailand . Altogether, it is spoken by 290 million people (around 260 million in Indonesia alone in its own literary standard named " Indonesian ") across Maritime Southeast Asia . The language is pluricentric and a macrolanguage , i.e., several varieties of it are standardized as
2415-406: Is designated the bahasa persatuan/pemersatu ("unifying language" or lingua franca ) whereas the term "Malay" ( bahasa Melayu ) is domestically restricted to vernacular varieties of Malay indigenous to areas of Central to Southern Sumatra and West Kalimantan . Classical Malay , also called Court Malay, was the literary standard of the pre-colonial Malacca and Johor Sultanates and so
2520-569: Is distributed by 44 wards throughout the medical centre serving the district of Petaling . The Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya was the first school that was instituted at UM in 1905 following the Education Commission report that the colonial region in Southeast Asia needed to address the shortage of medical assistants in the large cities of Singapore and Penang . This was after the first unsuccessful initial attempt to establish
2625-477: Is divided into Bornean and Sumatran Malay; some of the most widely spoken Sumatran Malay dialects are Riau Malay , Langkat , Palembang Malay and Jambi Malay . Minangkabau , Kerinci and Bengkulu are believed to be Sumatran Malay descendants. Meanwhile, the Jakarta dialect (known as Betawi ) also belongs to the western Malay group. The eastern varieties, classified either as dialects or creoles , are spoken in
2730-623: Is not a tonal language . The consonants of Malaysian and also Indonesian are shown below. Non-native consonants that only occur in borrowed words, principally from Arabic, Dutch and English, are shown in brackets. Orthographic note : The sounds are represented orthographically by their symbols as above, except: Loans from Arabic : Malay originally had four vowels, but in many dialects today, including Standard Malay, it has six, with /i/ split into /i, e/ and /u/ split into /u, o/ . Many words are commonly pronounced variably, with either [i, u] or [e, o] , and relatively few words require
2835-554: Is not readily intelligible with the standard language , and the same is true with some lects on the Malay Peninsula such as Kedah Malay . However, both Brunei and Kedah are quite close. Malay is now written using the Latin script , known as Rumi in Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore or Latin in Indonesia, although an Arabic script called Arab Melayu or Jawi also exists. Latin script
2940-591: Is official in Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia. Malay uses Hindu-Arabic numerals . Rumi (Latin) and Jawi are co-official in Brunei only. Names of institutions and organisations have to use Jawi and Rumi (Latin) scripts. Jawi is used fully in schools, especially the religious school, sekolah agama , which is compulsory during the afternoon for Muslim students aged from around 6–7 up to 12–14. Efforts are currently being undertaken to preserve Jawi in Malaysia, and students taking Malay language examinations in Malaysia have
3045-549: Is shown to be thinner instead and the red colour in the 'U' and 'M' letters were removed while its coat of arms remains unchanged. However, the university's previous logo would continued to be used for non-academic and non-corporate purposes. UM is currently one of the three public universities in Malaysia to adopt its coat of arms, the other two are University of Science Malaysia (USM) and the The National University of Malaysia (UKM) . UM has been ranked consistently as
3150-515: Is similar to Kelantanese Malay, but the language has no official status or recognition. Owing to earlier contact with the Philippines , Malay words—such as dalam hati (sympathy), luwalhati (glory), tengah hari (midday), sedap (delicious)—have evolved and been integrated into Tagalog and other Philippine languages . By contrast, Indonesian has successfully become the lingua franca for its disparate islands and ethnic groups, in part because
3255-619: Is the basic and most common word order. The Malay language has many words borrowed from Arabic (in particular religious terms), Sanskrit , Tamil , certain Sinitic languages , Persian (due to historical status of Malay Archipelago as a trading hub), and more recently, Portuguese , Dutch and English (in particular many scientific and technological terms). There is a group of closely related languages spoken by Malays and related peoples across Brunei , Indonesia , Malaysia , Singapore , Southern Thailand , Kampung Alor in East Timor , and
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3360-517: Is the lack of possessive pronouns (and suffixes) in eastern dialects. Manado uses the verb pe and Ambon pu (from Malay punya 'to have') to mark possession. So 'my name' and 'our house" are translated in western Malay as namaku and rumah kita but kita pe nama and torang pe rumah in Manado and beta pu nama , katong pu rumah in Ambon dialect. The pronunciation may vary in western dialects, especially
3465-553: Is the source of progress. In the centre of the arms is a Bunga Raya or hibiscus rosa-sinensis species encircled by three Malayan tigers. The tigers symbolise the three main races in Malaysia (Malays, Chinese and Indians), who work hand-in-hand to protect the nation and uphold the duty to serve the country. It is blazoned : Azure, fimbriated and parted per fess by a line Or. In base a Bunga Raya or hibiscus flower between three tigers passant regardant two and one all proper; and in Chief
3570-608: The Cham alphabet are used by the Chams of Vietnam and Cambodia . Old Malay was written using Pallava and Kawi script, as evident from several inscription stones in the Malay region. Starting from the era of kingdom of Pasai and throughout the golden age of the Malacca Sultanate, Jawi gradually replaced these scripts as the most commonly used script in the Malay region. Starting from the 17th century, under Dutch and British influence, Jawi
3675-580: The Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya and is the largest and oldest teaching hospital in Malaysia. The UMMC is also the second largest hospital in Malaysia. Shortly after the end of the second World War, a commission was established under the Chairmanship of Sir Alexander Carr-Saunders to enquire into and make recommendations concerning university education in Malaya ( Malaysia ). The Commission arrived in March 1947, and after an intensive study recommended that
3780-562: The University of Wales in 2013 to establish International University of Malaya-Wales (IUMW) , a private university in Malaysia. Today, UM has more than 2,300 faculty members and is divided into fourteen faculties, two academies, three institutes and two academic centres. In the latest QS World University Rankings , UM is currently ranked 60th in the world, 11th in Asia, 3rd in Southeast Asia and
3885-673: The 1990s) on 5 August 1968 when Dr. J.H.E. Griffiths, Professor Danaraj and Lim Chung Tat were officiated as the Vice-Chancellor, The Dean of Medicine and the Registrar respectively. Today, UMMC stands as a statutory body under The Ministry of Higher Education , Malaysia. The main objectives of UMMC are health services, learning and research, serving as the primary teaching hospital of the Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya . Malay language Malay ( / m ə ˈ l eɪ / mə- LAY ; Malay: Bahasa Melayu , Jawi : بهاس ملايو )
3990-703: The 2024 CWTS Leiden Ranking , and among the top 300 universities in the Times Higher Education (THE) World University Rankings . In 2015 it has been ranked 54th in Engineering & Technology in QS world ranking. UM rose to the top 100 universities in the QS World University Rankings 2019, and has consistently increased in ranking to 59th in the world and 9th in Asia in the 2021 series. In 2021, U.S. News & World Report ranked UM 17th and 87th in
4095-648: The British Malaya Government to visit and discuss the application of the Asquith Commission's recommendations to Singapore and Malaya. Priestley again recommended the establishment of a university college as a first step. In January 1947, the Secretary of State for the Colonies, now Arthur Creech Jones , appointed Sir Alexander Carr-Saunders to chair a commission determining the details of establishing
4200-567: The College Council proposed changes in the curriculum, so that the Diploma could be furthered to a Degree through external examinations in collaboration with universities in England. In 1937, Sir Shenton Thomas declared the college would have a full-time Principal. The college had its fourth Principal, Alexander Keir , succeeding Frederick Joseph Morten . By 1939 war was waged in Europe, and had put
4305-471: The Colonies , appointed a commission of inquiry chaired by Cyril Asquith to consider the development of higher education in the colonies across the British Empire. The Asquith Commission, reporting in 1945, endorsed the McLean Commission's recommendations for Malaya. In 1946, Raymond Priestley , the Vice-Chancellor of Birmingham University and member of the previous Asquith Commission, was invited by
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4410-705: The Federation with effect from the beginning of the session 1962/63, and likewise the Singapore Government indicated that the Singapore Division should become the National University of Singapore . Steps to achieve the establishment of these two separate Universities were finalised during the year 1961 and the Universiti Malaya was established on 1 January 1962. The Universiti Malaya is situated on
4515-659: The Foundation Stone of the University Hospital on the same day. The University Hospital admitted its first patients in March 1967. His Majesty the Yang Dipertuan Agung, Duli Yang Maha Mulia, Seri Paduka Baginda, Tuanku Ismail Nasarudin, Shah Ibni Alharmahum and Sultan Zainal Abidin opened the University Hospital (which was later officially known as the Universiti Malaya Medical Centre sometime in
4620-580: The King Edward VII College of Medicine and Raffles College be almagated forthwith to form a Universiti Malaya. Accordingly, the Universiti Malaya was established in Singapore on 8 October 1949 as a national institution to serve the higher educational needs of the Federation of Malaya and of Singapore. In 1957, a Commission of Enquiry was set up by the Governments of the Federation and of Singapore at
4725-404: The Malay world of Southeast Asia, and was one of the oldest testimonies to the advent of Islam as a state religion in the region. It contains the proclamation issued by a ruler of Terengganu known as Seri Paduka Tuan, urging his subjects to extend and uphold Islam and providing 10 basic Sharia laws for their guidance. The classical Malay language came into widespread use as the lingua franca of
4830-1043: The Malayic languages spoken by the Orang Asli ( Proto-Malay ) in Malaya . They are Jakun , Orang Kanaq , Orang Seletar , and Temuan . The other Malayic languages, included in neither of these groups, are associated with the expansion of the Malays across the archipelago. They include Riau-Johor Malay ( Malaysian and Indonesian ), Kedah Malay , Kedayan/Brunei Malay , Berau Malay , Bangka Malay , Jambi Malay , Kutai Malay , Natuna Malay, Riau Malay , Loncong , Pattani Malay , and Banjarese . Menterap may belong here. There are also several Malay-based creole languages , such as Betawi , Cocos Malay , Makassar Malay , Ambonese Malay , Dili Malay , Kupang Malay , Manado Malay , Papuan Malay , Pattani Malay , Satun Malay , Songkhla Malay , Bangkok Malay , and Sabah Malay , which may be more or less distinct from standard (Malaccan) Malay. Due to
4935-523: The Maxwell Committee to review the scheme to commemorate the centenary of the founding of Singapore by Sir Stamford. The committee members were Roland Braddell , A.W. Still , Seah Ling Seah , Dr Lim Boon Keng , Mohammed Yusoff bin Mohammed , N.V. Samy , and Mannesseh Meyer . The working committee headed by H.W. Firmstone recommended the establishment of a college for tertiary education to commemorate
5040-493: The No. 1 university in Malaysia and among the top 3 universities in Southeast Asia , as well as among the top 300 universities in the world according to reputed ranking publisher such as QS , ARWU , U.S. News & World Report in the recent few years. Currently UM is ranked 60th in the world in the QS World University Rankings 2025, 281th in the USNWR 2024 global rankings, 293rd in
5145-545: The Polyclinic and Accident and Emergency Unit thus making available to the residents of Petaling Jaya and the adjoining area of Petaling Jaya and the adjoining area of Kuala Lumpur a hospital service on a 24-hour basis. By the end of 1969, all 758 beds were available for use. A new ward block of 112 bed was constructed in 1974 and commissioned providing for a total of 870 beds for the University Hospital. Currently known as Universiti Malaya Medical Centre, it has 1,617 beds which
5250-755: The Port Klang Komuter Line or KG12 Phileo Damansara MRT station are the other two nearest stations. The former has a connection to the GoKL Pink Line bus service, where the bus stops at the nearby mosque, which is about a 5 to 10-minute walk from the KL entrance. The latter is 3 km from the campus' Petaling Jaya (PJ) main entrance, supplemented by T815 MRT Feeder Bus service. Several bus routes operated by Rapid KL include T815 and T789, both of which connect to Phileo Damansara and Universiti stations respectively. PJ City Bus free ride service also has
5355-551: The Straits Legislative Council of Malaya, legislation of the establishment of a medical college in Singapore was passed under the Ordinance No. XV 1905. Following public appeal for funds, the school opened on 3 July 1905 but only started its courses in September the same year. On 28 September 1905, Sir John Anderson officiated the school under the name "The Straits and Federal Malay States Government Medical School". With
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#17328687274355460-528: The United Kingdom of Great Britain in term of academic system and administration structure". The Carr-Saunders Commission postulates "the principle that all children who show the necessary capacity should enjoy an equal chance of reaching the University; and, in particular, that no able child should be handicapped in climbing the educational ladder by race, religion, rural domicile, or lack of means." In 1959,
5565-726: The United Kingdom to ensure that the Licentiate of Medicine and Surgery Diploma offered by the school would gain worldwide recognition. In 1916, the GCME recognised the Licentiate of Medicine and Surgery Diploma offered by the school. The licentiates were placed on the General Council's Colonial List of the British Medical Register and were entitled to practise anywhere within the British Empire . In 1910, Dr Robert Donald Keith became
5670-400: The actual ancestor of Classical Malay. Old Malay was influenced by Sanskrit, the classical language of India . Sanskrit loan words can be found in Old Malay vocabulary. The earliest known stone inscription in the Old Malay language was found in Sumatra , Indonesia, written in the Pallava variety of the Grantha alphabet and is dated 1 May 683. Known as the Kedukan Bukit inscription , it
5775-448: The centenary founding of Singapore. On 12 July 1919, the Government decided to undertake the construction of the building with the cost not more than $ 1,000,000 and would contribute $ 50,000 as annual recurrent expenditure as soon as the Centenary Committee had collected $ 2,000,000 for the Raffles College Endowment Fund. On 31 August 1920, the committee had achieved the figure, amounting to $ 2,391,040. On 31 May 1920, Richard Olaf Winstedt
5880-496: The colonial language, Dutch, is no longer commonly spoken. (In East Timor , which was governed as a province of Indonesia from 1976 to 1999, Indonesian is widely spoken and recognized under its Constitution as a 'working language'.) Besides Indonesian , which developed from the Riau Malay dialect, there are many Malay varieties spoken in Indonesia; they are divided into western and eastern groups. Western Malay dialects are predominantly spoken in Sumatra and Borneo , which itself
5985-555: The constitution as one of two working languages (the other being English ), alongside the official languages of Tetum and Portuguese . The extent to which Malay is used in these countries varies depending on historical and cultural circumstances. Malay is the national language in Malaysia by Article 152 of the Constitution of Malaysia , and became the sole official language in Peninsular Malaysia in 1968 and in East Malaysia gradually from 1974. English continues, however, to be widely used in professional and commercial fields and in
6090-400: The court moved to establish the Johor Sultanate, it continued using the classical language; it has become so associated with Dutch Riau and British Johor that it is often assumed that the Malay of Riau is close to the classical language. However, there is no closer connection between Malaccan Malay as used on Riau and the Riau vernacular. Among the oldest surviving letters written in Malay are
6195-417: The design were the chairman of the council, Y.C. Foo, Professor A. Oppenheim (the vice-chancellor) and Professor Ungku Aziz (later regius professor). The coat of arms was officially chartered in April 1962 by Tunku Abdul Rahman, the university's first chancellor. The coat of arms is divided into two parts, namely the chief (upper part) and the base (the remainder). The chief is a bundle of seventeen strips of
6300-413: The division of the university into two autonomous campuses in Kuala Lumpur and Singapore in 1959, and the passing of the legislation in 1961 by both governments of Malaya and Singapore to make UM a national university, Universiti Malaya became permanently located in Kuala Lumpur as of 1 January 1962. With this came the new teaching and research facility and its own 500-bed hospital. The Singapore Division
6405-430: The early settlement of a Cape Malay community in Cape Town , who are now known as Coloureds , numerous Classical Malay words were brought into Afrikaans . The extent to which Malay and related Malayan languages are used in the countries where it is spoken varies depending on historical and cultural circumstances. Malay is the national language in Malaysia by Article 152 of the Constitution of Malaysia , and became
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#17328687274356510-474: The eastern part of the Malay or Nusantara archipelago and include Makassar Malay , Manado Malay , Ambonese Malay , North Moluccan Malay , Kupang Malay , Dili Malay , and Papuan Malay . The differences among both groups are quite observable. For example, the word kita means 'we, us' in western, but means 'I, me' in Manado, whereas 'we, us" in Manado is torang and Ambon katong (originally abbreviated from Malay kita orang 'we people'). Another difference
6615-429: The enrolments increased to 90 medical students and 30 trainee hospital assistants. The school had only one permanent staff which was the Principal, the teaching staff were employed on a part-time basis. The Principal was Dr Gerald Dudley Freer, who previously served as Senior Colonial Surgeon Resident of Penang. The School Council wanted to gain recognition of its Diploma by the General Council of Medical Education in
6720-590: The far southern parts of the Philippines . They have traditionally been classified as Malay, Para-Malay, and Aboriginal Malay, but this reflects geography and ethnicity rather than a proper linguistic classification. The Malayic languages are mutually intelligible to varying extents, though the distinction between language and dialect is unclear in many cases. Para-Malay includes the Malayic languages of Sumatra . They are: Minangkabau , Central Malay (Bengkulu), Pekal , Talang Mamak , Musi (Palembang), Negeri Sembilan (Malaysia), and Duano’ . Aboriginal Malay are
6825-422: The first Professor of Medicine and the Foundation Dean of Medicine. The first batch of Pre-Medical students were admitted in May 1963 and were taught in the Faculty of Science. Teaching of the Pre-Clinical Year began for the first time in May 1964 in the Faculty of Medicine premises. The Faculty was officially opened on 2 August 1965 by YAB Tun Abdul Razak bin Dato Hussien , The Deputy Prime Minister, who also laid
6930-469: The highest ranked learning institution in Malaysia. The establishment of the university began with the issue of shortage of medical assistants in Singapore and Penang during the late 1890s. The problem was addressed in a report published by the Education Commission in April 1902. In the report, it was stated that the commission was in favour of establishing a medical school to fulfil the demand for medical assistants in government hospitals. However, such
7035-414: The highlands of Sumatra , Indonesia . Terengganu Inscription Stone (Malay: Batu Bersurat Terengganu ; Jawi: باتو برسورت ترڠݢانو ) is a granite stele carrying inscription in Jawi script that was found in Terengganu, Malaysia is the earliest evidence of classical Malay inscription. The inscription, dated possibly to 702 AH (corresponds to 1303 CE), constituted the earliest evidence of Jawi writing in
7140-505: The language is sometimes called Malacca, Johor or Riau Malay (or various combinations of those names) to distinguish it from the various other Malayic languages . According to Ethnologue 16, several of the Malayic varieties they currently list as separate languages, including the Orang Asli varieties of Peninsular Malay , are so closely related to standard Malay that they may prove to be dialects. There are also several Malay trade and creole languages (e.g. Ambonese Malay ) based on
7245-589: The languages' words for kinship, health, body parts and common animals. Numbers, especially, show remarkable similarities. Within Austronesian, Malay is part of a cluster of numerous closely related forms of speech known as the Malayic languages , which were spread across Malaya and the Indonesian archipelago by Malay traders from Sumatra. There is disagreement as to which varieties of speech popularly called "Malay" should be considered dialects of this language, and which should be classified as distinct Malay languages. The vernacular of Brunei— Brunei Malay —for example,
7350-419: The leaves of Borassus flabellifer or the Palmrya palm. These strips were used as printed material for ancient books by the Malays, long before paper was invented. On the centre of these seventeen strips is the university's motto 'Ilmu Puncha Kemajuan'. The motto consists of 'Ilmu' derived from Arabic, 'Puncha' from Sanskrit ( Za'aba Spelling for 'Punca'), and 'Kemajuan' from Malay. These words mean knowledge
7455-401: The letters from Sultan Abu Hayat of Ternate , Maluku Islands in present-day Indonesia , dated around 1521–1522. The text is addressed to the king of Portugal , following contact with Portuguese explorer Francisco Serrão . The letters show sign of non-native usage; the Ternateans used (and still use) the unrelated Ternate language , a West Papuan language , as their first language . Malay
7560-806: The mathematician who formulated the Oppenheim conjecture in 1929. When Oppenheim left in 1965 with no successor in sight, Rayson Huang who later became the Vice Chancellor of Nanyang University, Singapore in 1969 and in 1972 went on to become the first Asian Vice-Chancellor of the University of Hong Kong , was asked to take over as the Acting Vice-Chancellor. He served in that capacity for 12 months but declined reappointment to return to academic pursuits. Chin Fung Kee , an authority in geotechnical engineering , replaced Huang as Acting Vice-Chancellor until
7665-418: The merger of King Edward VII College of Medicine and Raffles College, which had been established in 1905 and 1929, respectively. In Carr-Saunders Commission's report in 1949, it was stated that "the university shall act as a single medium of mingle for enhancing the understanding among the multi-ethnics and religions in the back than Malaya. The University too should be modelled after the tertiary educations in
7770-539: The name of the school was changed to the King Edward VII School of Medicine. In the first batch of 16 students of 1905, only seven made to the final and graduated in May 1910 while the remaining six students graduated in four months later and others resigned from the school. In 1919, the drop-out rate had risen to 35%, while in 1939 the number of students failed in their final examinations stood at 44%. At this time
7875-426: The national language ( bahasa kebangsaan or bahasa nasional ) of several nation states with various official names: in Malaysia, it is designated as either Bahasa Malaysia (" Malaysian ") or also Bahasa Melayu ("Malay language"); in Singapore and Brunei, it is called Bahasa Melayu ("Malay language"); in Indonesia, an autonomous normative variety called Bahasa Indonesia (" Indonesian language ")
7980-426: The new principal took the helm, succeeding his predecessor Dr MacAlister. The establishment of Raffles College was a brainchild of Sir Stamford Raffles and Dr Robert Morison. Sir Stamford had some knowledge of the Malay language and culture, while Morison was a distinguished sinologist missionary. Both men wanted to establish a centre dedicating to the study of Malays and Chinese at tertiary level. On 5 June 1823,
8085-478: The old Female Lunatic Asylum near the Singapore General Hospital at Sepoy Lines off New Bridge Road , where four of the asylum buildings were converted into a medical school. In 1907, a lecture hall and laboratory were added. There were no library and room to keep pathological specimens. In 1905, there were 17 medical students, four students attending the hospital assistant course. Five years later,
8190-431: The only university in the post-independent Malaya. The Bukit Timah campus in Singapore became the University of Singapore (today the National University of Singapore ). On 16 June 1962, the newly independent university in Kuala Lumpur celebrated the installation of its first Chancellor , Tunku Abdul Rahman , Malaysia's first Prime Minister . The first Vice-Chancellor was former Dean of Arts, Sir Alexander Oppenheim ,
8295-480: The option of answering questions using Jawi. The Latin script, however, is the most commonly used in Brunei and Malaysia, both for official and informal purposes. Historically, Malay has been written using various scripts. Before the introduction of Arabic script in the Malay region, Malay was written using the Pallava , Kawi and Rencong scripts; these scripts are no longer frequently used, but similar scripts such as
8400-682: The pronunciation of words ending in the vowel 'a'. For example, in some parts of Malaysia and in Singapore, kita (inclusive 'we, us, our') is pronounced as /kitə/ , in Kelantan and Southern Thailand as /kitɔ/ , in Riau as /kita/ , in Palembang as /kito/ , in Betawi and Perak as /kitɛ/ and in Kedah and Perlis as /kitɑ/. University of Malaya The Universiti Malaya (lit 'University of Malaya'; abbreviated as UM )
8505-528: The region during the Malacca Sultanate era (1402–1511). It was the period the Malay language developed rapidly under the influence of Islamic literature. The development changed the nature of the language with massive infusion of Arabic , Sanskrit , and Tamil vocabularies, called Classical Malay . Under the Sultanate of Malacca the language evolved into a form recognisable to speakers of modern Malay. When
8610-477: The request of the Universiti Malaya to review the constitution, working and finances of the University in the light of the experience and rapid expansion of last seven years and of the prospective expansion in the near future, including the plan for developing the University in Kuala Lumpur, and to make recommendation. Arising from the commission's Report and that of a Joint Constitutional Committee appointed by
8715-471: The second Principal of the School. The first two years of the five-year course were devoted to pure science studies. Physics, biology and chemistry were taught in the first year, followed by physiology and elementary anatomy in the second year. The remaining three years were attachment to clinical clerkships in medicine, surgery and midwifery, which covered pathology, hygiene and medical jurisprudence. Materia Medica
8820-638: The sole official language in West Malaysia in 1968, and in East Malaysia gradually from 1974. English continues, however, to be widely used in professional and commercial fields and in the superior courts. Other minority languages are also commonly used by the country's large ethnic minorities. The situation in Brunei is similar to that of Malaysia. In Singapore, Malay was historically the lingua franca among people of different nationalities. Although this has largely given way to English, Malay still retains
8925-435: The status of national language and the national anthem , Majulah Singapura , is entirely in Malay. In addition, parade commands in the military, police and civil defence are given only in Malay. Most residents of the five southernmost provinces of Thailand —a region that, for the most part, used to be part of an ancient Malay kingdom called Pattani —speak a dialect of Malay called Yawi (not to be confused with Jawi), which
9030-626: The students' union, Kanagaratnam Shanmugaratnam . In 1948, the Carr-Saunders Commission recommended the immediate establishment of a full university, bypassing the intermediate step of a university college recommended by previous commissions. As a result, the institution named the Universiti Malaya was chartered under the Carr-Saunders Commission in 1949. The formation of the Universiti Malaya on 8 October 1949 in Bukit Timah Campus (Former site of Raffles College), Singapore came from
9135-590: The superior courts. Other minority languages are also commonly used by the country's large ethnic minorities. The situation in Brunei is similar to that in Malaysia. In the Philippines , Indonesian is spoken by the overseas Indonesian community concentrated in Davao City . Functional phrases are taught to members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines as well as local students. Malay, like most Austronesian languages,
9240-453: The tenth chair for Pathology was created in 1935. In 1923, the college's new building at Outram Road was commenced. It was completed in November 1925 and officially opened by Sir Laurence Guillemard in February 1926. During the opening ceremony, the college conferred Honorary Diplomas on Sir David James Galloway , Dr Malcolm Watson and Dr Lim Boon Keng . In 1929, Dr George V. Allen
9345-584: The two Governments, legislation was passed in November 1958 providing for the continuance of the UM as a single University, but with two largely autonomous divisions of equal status, one in each territory. This legislation came into effect in January 1958. In 1960 the Government of the Federation of Malaya indicated that the Kuala Lumpur Division of the Universiti Malaya should become the national University in
9450-442: The university filling the position in 1967 by the appointment of James H.E. Griffiths . A distinguished physicist and a fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford , Griffiths was also the former head of Clarendon Laboratory of Oxford University and one of the discoverers of ferromagnetic resonance . UM remained Malaysia's primary public university until 1 June 1969, when the nation's second public university – Universiti Sains Malaysia
9555-472: The university was divided into two autonomous campuses, one in Singapore, known as University of Malaya in Singapore , and the other in Kuala Lumpur ( Universiti Malaya in Kuala Lumpur ). In 1961, the governments of Malaysia and Singapore passed laws to split the Universiti Malaya into two national universities. As a result, on 1 January 1962, the Universiti Malaya was re-established on the 309 hectare campus in Kuala Lumpur, retaining its original name and became
9660-607: The world in Engineering and Computer Science respectively by its subject ranking. The business school of UM has achieved two international accreditations i.e. Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business ( AACSB ) and Association of MBAs ( AMBA ). The Faculty of Languages and Linguistics, Japanese Language and Linguistic Course was awarded the Japanese Foreign Minister 's Commendation for their contributions to promotion of Japanese language education in Malaysia on 1 December 2020. The Universiti Malaya campus
9765-613: Was also used in Statute XV New Series (The University Hospital) of 1977 which was amended by Statute XX (NewSeries) consequent to the 1975 amendments (A295) to the Universities and University Colleges Act (A30) [or "UUCA]. Although the Faculty of Medicine was established by Statute in 1962, planning, design and construction of the entire Medical Centre project only began actively from 1 February 1963 when Dr. T.J. Danaraj assumed duty as
9870-527: Was amalgamated with the former, for the making of a university for the Malayans. In 1938, the government appointed a commission under the chairmanship of Sir William McLean to study the higher education potential and progress in Malaya. The Commission concluded that Malaya was not ready to have a university, and that a university college would be more suitable. In 1943, Oliver Stanley , the Secretary of State for
9975-622: Was appointed as the Acting Principal of Raffles College. The course offered was a three-year basis. The establishment of the school was seen far more systematic compared to the King Edward VII Medical College. The school was situated at a site called the Economic Gardens and was designed by Cyril Farey and Graham Dawbarn. And the construction took place in 1926. Following completion of the first hostel, Raffles College
10080-612: Was discovered by the Dutchman M. Batenburg on 29 November 1920 at Kedukan Bukit, South Sumatra , on the banks of the Tatang, a tributary of the Musi River . It is a small stone of 45 by 80 centimetres (18 by 31 in). For centuries, Srivijaya , through its expansion, economic power and military prowess, was responsible for the widespread of Old Malay throughout the Malay Archipelago . It
10185-523: Was established in Gelugor on Penang Island . On 1 March 1997, UM became the first university in Malaysia to be corporatised, in a move intended by the Federal Government to decentralise and transform public universities to become more effective and competitive. The UM's coat of arms was designed under a council established in 1961, chaired by Tan Sri Y.C. Foo. The members of the committee involved in
10290-540: Was established on 28 September 1905 in Singapore, then a territory of the British Empire . In October 1949, the merger of the King Edward VII College of Medicine and Raffles College created the university. Rapid growth during its first decade caused the university to organize as two autonomous divisions on 15 January 1959, one located in Singapore and the other in Kuala Lumpur. In 1960, the governments of Malaya and Singapore indicated that these two divisions should become autonomous and separate national universities. One branch
10395-452: Was gradually replaced by the Rumi script. Malay is spoken in Brunei , Indonesia , Malaysia , East Timor , Singapore and southern Thailand . Indonesia regulates its own normative variety of Malay, while Malaysia and Singapore use a common standard. Brunei, in addition to Standard Malay, uses a distinct vernacular dialect called Brunei Malay . In East Timor , Indonesian is recognised by
10500-634: Was integrated into the fourth year, where practical pharmacy was taught. Students were posted to several hospitals, initially at the Singapore General Hospital. From 1908 onwards, attachments were made to Tan Tock Seng Hospital (for medicine and surgery) and Kandang Kerbau Maternity Hospital (for midwifery). In 1912, the medical school received an endowment of $ 120,000 from the King Edward VII Memorial Fund, started by Dr Lim Boon Keng . Subsequently, on 18 November 1913,
10605-584: Was located in Singapore, becoming the University of Singapore (merging into the National University of Singapore in 1980) after the independence of Singapore from Malaysia, and the other branch was located in Kuala Lumpur, retaining the name Universiti Malaya . Legislation was passed in 1961 and the Universiti Malaya was established on 1 January 1962. In 2012, UM was granted autonomy by the Ministry of Higher Education . The university also collaborated with
10710-442: Was opened informally to students on 12 June 1928. Of the first 43 students, nine were private students, and the rest were government-funded; there were two women among this first cohort. On 22 July 1929, Raffles College was formally established. Its students studied either arts or sciences, and graduated with a diploma after three years. Science students were permitted to use the labs of the King Edward VII College. Four years later,
10815-551: Was renamed the University of Singapore . The term "Medical Centre" was first used in 1963 to refer to "the whole Medical Centre complex composed of the departments of the Faculty of Medicine, the Teaching Hospital and the ancillary services attached to them". That was the definition used in the Hospital Act XXII of 1965, Statute XXVIII (The University Hospital) of 1967 and Statute XXXVI (The University Hospital) of 1971. It
10920-650: Was the working language of traders and it was used in various ports, and marketplaces in the region. Other evidence is the Tanjung Tanah Law in post-Pallava letters. This 14th-century pre-Islamic legal text was produced in the Adityawarman era (1345–1377) of Dharmasraya , a Hindu-Buddhist kingdom that arose after the end of Srivijayan rule in Sumatra . The laws were for the Minangkabau people , who today still live in
11025-903: Was used solely as a lingua franca for inter-ethnic communications. Malay is a member of the Austronesian family of languages, which includes languages from Southeast Asia and the Pacific Ocean , with a smaller number in continental Asia . Malagasy , a geographic outlier spoken in Madagascar in the Indian Ocean , is also a member of this language family. Although these languages are not necessarily mutually intelligible to any extent, their similarities are often quite apparent. In more conservative languages like Malay, many roots have come with relatively little change from their common ancestor, Proto-Austronesian language . There are many cognates found in
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