A federated state (also state , province , region, canton , land , governorate , oblast , emirate , or country ) is a territorial and constitutional community forming part of a federation . A federated state does not have international sovereignty since powers are divided between the other federated states and the federal government . Unlike international sovereign states , which have what is often referred to as Westphalian sovereignty (such as exercised by their federal government), federated states operate under their domestic or federal law with relation to the rest of the world.
17-663: São Gabriel da Cachoeira ( Saint Gabriel of the Waterfall ) is a municipality located on the northern shore of the Rio Negro River, in the region of Cabeça do Cachorro , Amazonas state, Brazil . The city was founded in 1668 as an aldea by Franciscan Friar Teodósio da Veiga and Captain Pedro da Costa Favela on the Rio Negro, near the mouth of the Rio Aruím . In 1761, a fort was built on
34-412: A colonial power ). In other cases, federated states have been created out of the administrative divisions of previously unitary states . Once a federal constitution is formed, the rules governing the relationship between federal and regional powers become part of the country's constitutional law and not international law . In countries with federal constitutions, there is a division of power between
51-506: Is also the northernmost city of Amazonas, and part of its territory is within the Pico da Neblina National Park . However, the peak itself is located in Santa Isabel do Rio Negro , and São Gabriel da Cachoeira is in the lowlands. It is not far from the equator , and the climate is correspondingly hot and humid. The city is served by São Gabriel da Cachoeira Airport . The municipality contains
68-479: Is divided into only 62 municipalities), and therefore they cover large areas incorporating several separated cities or towns that do not necessarily conform to one single conurbation. Southern and eastern states on the other hand, are divided into many small municipalities (e.g. Minas Gerais ), and therefore large urban areas usually extend over several municipalities which form one single conurbation. The Federal District cannot be divided into municipalities , which
85-482: Is why its territory is composed of several administrative regions . These regions are directly managed by the government of the Federal District, which exercises constitutional and legal powers that are equivalent to those of the states , as well as those of the municipalities, thus simultaneously assuming all the obligations arising from them. The 1988 Brazilian Constitution treats the municipalities as parts of
102-539: The Brazilian states . Brazil currently has 5,570 municipalities, which, given the 2019 population estimate of 210,147,125, makes an average municipality population of 37,728 inhabitants. The average state in Brazil has 214 municipalities. Roraima is the least subdivided state, with 15 municipalities, while Minas Gerais is the most, with 853. Northern states are divided into small numbers of large municipalities (e.g. Amazonas
119-558: The countryside ). Municipalities can be split or merged to form new municipalities within the borders of the state, if the population of the involved municipalities expresses a desire to do so in a plebiscite . However, these must abide by the Brazilian Constitution , and forming exclaves or seceding from the state or union is expressly forbidden. Federated state Importantly, federated states do not have automatic standing as entities of international law. Instead,
136-628: The 36,900 hectares (91,000 acres) Morro dos Seis Lagos Biological Reserve , created in 1990. The reserve is within the 257,000 hectares (640,000 acres) Balaio Indigenous Territory , approved in 2009. The municipality also contains the 809,000 hectares (2,000,000 acres) Cué-cué/Marabitanas Indigenous Territory , declared in 2013. It contains the greater part of the 7,999,000 hectares (19,770,000 acres) Alto Rio Negro Indigenous Territory , created in 1998. Municipalities of Brazil Recent elections The municipalities of Brazil ( Portuguese : municípios do Brasil ) are administrative divisions of
153-454: The Federation and not simply dependent subdivisions of the states. Each municipality has an autonomous local government, comprising a mayor ( prefeito ) and a legislative body called municipal chamber ( câmara municipal ). Both the local government and the legislative body are directly elected by the population every four years. These elections take place at the same time all over the country;
170-420: The central government and the component states. These entities – states, provinces, counties, cantons, Länder, etc. – are partially self-governing and are afforded a degree of constitutionally guaranteed autonomy that varies substantially from one federation to another. Depending on the form the decentralization of powers takes, a federated state's legislative powers may or may not be overruled or vetoed by
187-531: The entire region has 46,303 people (2020), scattered over 109,185 km, mostly indigenous peoples in surrounding tribes and villages. Most of the non-indigenous residents of the city are affiliated with the Brazilian army, usually serving a term of two years or more. Source: Census 2010 São Gabriel da Cachoeira is the third largest municipality in Brazil by territorial area, and the second largest in Amazonas. It
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#1733085949713204-407: The federal government. Laws governing the relationship between federal and regional powers can be amended through the national or federal constitution, and, if they exist, state constitutions as well. In terms of internal politics, federated states can have republican or monarchical forms of government. Those of republican form (federated republics) are usually called states (like states of
221-499: The federal union (federation) as a single entity is the sovereign state for purposes of international law. Depending on the constitutional structure of a particular federation, a federated state can hold various degrees of legislative, judicial, and administrative jurisdiction over a defined geographic territory and is a form of regional government. A federated state may nonetheless establish offices internationally, for example, to promote trade or tourism, while still operating only within
238-504: The last municipal elections were held on 15 November 2020. Each municipality has the constitutional power to approve its own laws, as well as collecting taxes and receiving funds from the state and federal governments. However, municipal governments have no judicial power per se , and courts are only organised at the state or federal level. A subdivision of the state judiciary, or comarca , can either correspond to an individual municipality or encompass several municipalities. The seat of
255-475: The location, and the settlement became the town of São Gabriel da Cachoeira. Between 1952 and 1966, it was officially called Uaupés , after the nearby Vaupés River . In 2003, Nheengatu became an official language, with Baníwa , Yepá-masã, and Portuguese in São Gabriel da Cachoeira. Most of the inhabitants of São Gabriel da Cachoeira are indigenous people. The city's population is somewhere around 13,000, but
272-649: The municipal administration is a nominated city ( cidade ), with no specification in the law about the minimum population, area or facilities. The city always has the same name as the municipality, as they are not treated as distinct entities. Municipalities can be subdivided, only for administrative purposes, into districts (normally, new municipalities are formed from these districts). Other populated sites are villages, but with no legal effect or regulation. Almost all municipalities are subdivided into neighbourhoods ( bairros ), although most municipalities do not officially define their neighbourhood limits (usually small cities in
289-446: The trade policy or other applicable law of their federation, and their host country. They also may enter into international regional agreements under the laws of their federation and state, such as to protect a cross-border resource like water or other shared matters. In some cases, a federation is created from the union of political entities that are either independent or dependent territories of another sovereign entity (most commonly
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