Josh Dunning Clay Dockery Kenken Ladia Nathan Digmann Shirley Lu Bernado Berges
77-627: US Quadball , formerly known as US Quidditch , is a non-profit organization that governs the sport of quadball in the United States of America. Quadball is a sport that combines elements of basketball, dodgeball, and rugby. The sport is played at more than 100 colleges and 50 independent clubs in the United States. Quadball was founded in 2005 by Xander Manshel, a then-freshman at Middlebury College in Middlebury , Vermont , Alex Benepe, and several of their friends. The rules were originally derived from
154-467: A power play for the other team, and play is not stopped when this card is rendered. A play may accrue an unlimited number of technical fouls during a match. Snitching also changed in Rulebook 8 resulting in the deletion of off-pitch seeking. Where before, the snitch would be "released" before each match by running off the pitch during a set amount of time, now the snitch is released to the field, limited to
231-585: A 501(c)3 nonprofit organization. The first meeting of the United States Quadball Association was held in May with the directors of the organization. In November, the first away game was held in Manhattan. The fourth quadball World Cup was held here as well, and 46 teams competed. This event lasted two days, attracting media attention and 15,000 spectators. In February 2011, the first Trans-Continental game
308-416: A bludger must touch with any part of their body excluding the broom any one of their hoops before returning to play. The quaffle is a slightly deflated regulation volleyball that can only be manipulated by chasers or keepers. Used for scoring, it may pass through any hoop from either side. Regardless of which team caused the quaffle to pass through the hoop, as long as it is in play, a goal is scored against
385-522: A bludger, in which case the player needs to dismount from their broom and return to their hoops. To be mounted on the broomstick means that the player must hold the broom between their legs and not have it fully on the ground. Players can substitute a variety of objects for brooms depending on the level of seriousness. Many teams play on PVC pipes of about 3 feet or 1 meter in length; these are usually made, but can also be purchased from specialist quidditch suppliers. Three hoops are placed on either side of
462-453: A chaser or keeper decides to reset the play by throwing the quaffle back to their side of the pitch, there must be a chaser and/or keeper to receive the quaffle. If there is no one to receive the ball, it will be considered a turnover and the offending team will lose possession of the quaffle. The release of Rulebook 10 coincided partially with the reformation of the IQA. As USQ released the rulebook,
539-426: A fourth chaser, while the beaters use bludgers (dodgeballs) to move players out of the way as a means of pushing and blocking. Beaters may also throw the bludgers at the opposing team as a means to "knock them out," causing them to have to tag their own hoop before rejoining play. The seeker must catch the snitch, a neutral person who has attached a Golden Snitch (a yellow velcro tail) to the back of their waist; catching
616-522: A keeper on the pitch at all times. Contact rules are similar to other contact sports. Tackles are legal between the knees and shoulders. Two-handed tackling is allowed. All tackles must be initiated from the front side of the opposing player. Any back tackles made will result in a yellow card, however, if the player turns their back into the tackle with no chance for adjustment, it is not considered illegal. Players can only tackle other players of their same position (with keepers considered chasers) if they have
693-685: A maximum of four players who identify as the same gender on the field at one time, making quidditch one of the few sports that not only offers a gender-integrated environment, but an open community to those who identify as nonbinary . To score points, chasers or keepers must get the quaffle—a slightly deflated volleyball—into any of the three opposing hoops, which scores the team 10 points. To impede their opponents, beaters can use bludgers—dodgeballs—to hit opposing players and temporarily remove them from play. Once hit by an opposing bludger, that player must dismount their broom, drop any ball being held, and return to touch their own team's hoops before re-entering
770-719: A permanent Quidditch pitch, through the generosity of actor-alumnus Matthew Perry . Quidditch began to take shape around the world with teams beginning in Australia, the UK, and France. It soon spread across Europe and the Americas, arriving in Italy, Spain, Belgium, the Netherlands, Mexico, Argentina, and Brazil. In December 2021, it was reported that some leagues involved in the sport, US Quidditch and Major League Quidditch , were planning to change
847-476: A player has come to a complete stop and extend the seeker floor from 17 to 20 minutes (bringing it in line with the current USQ/MLQ seeker floor). It also adds other minor rules such as required extra breaks during high heat or humidity, allowing plastic shin guards and metal cleats, penalizing beats thrown to the head from less than 5 meters away and new rules about specific scenarios with regard to resetting and stalled quaffles. Team sport A team sport
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#1732872478183924-403: A predetermined amount of time. USQ (originally IQA) has released 15 iterations of the Rulebook, each building upon the last. The modern IQA has released 5 iterations of the Rulebook since it split from USQ. Each match begins with six of the starting players (excluding the seekers) along the starting line within their keeper zone with brooms on the ground and the four balls lined in the centre of
1001-466: A red card, a new setup for the start of games and snitch catches when the catching team is behind no longer ending the game. The start setup was altered so players no longer line up on their starting line but instead enter the pitch from the side. One bludger starts in the middle of each team's keeper line, whereas the quaffle and third bludger are placed on the midline. One beater and one chaser from each team are chosen as designated runners who line up on
1078-452: A rich and ancient history dating back thousands of years. These activities served as important facets of society, not only for physical fitness but also for social, cultural, and even political purposes. In ancient civilizations, team sports were prevalent and often intertwined with religious and cultural practices. In Mesoamerica , the Aztec ball game, ollamaliztli , was not just a sport but also
1155-404: A ritual with symbolic significance. The Greeks , who laid the foundations for many contemporary sports, held various team sports as central to their culture. The Olympic Games, first recorded in 776 BCE, featured events like chariot racing and team foot races, fostering unity and friendly competition among city-states. The Spartans , known for their military prowess, engaged in team sports like
1232-408: A snitch catch, the head referee will blow their whistle three times to indicate stoppage of play, in which every player must drop in place their broom. The snitch can no longer leave the pitch and is also subject to 'brooms down' (which is when play stops and no one can change location or headband), but can 'take a knee' by having any part of their body except their feet touch the floor. In this case,
1309-461: A sport. The meaning of a "team sport" has been disputed in recent years. Some types of sports have different objectives or rules than "traditional" team sports. These types of team sports do not involve teammates facilitating the movement of a ball or similar object in accordance with a set of rules in order to score points. Overall, the division into team sports and individual sports is not always unproblematic since there are different combinations in
1386-718: A team context, where smooth transitions are essential. Areas around the Mediterranean had a long tradition of athletic events. Ancient Egyptians and Mesopotamians depicted athletic scenes in the tombs of kings and their nobles. They did not, however, hold regular competitions, and those events that occurred were probably the preserve of kings and upper classes. Minoans culture held gymnastics in high esteem, with bull-leaping , tumbling, running, wrestling and boxing shown on their frescoes. The Mycenaeans adopted Minoan games and also raced chariots in religious or funerary ceremonies. Homer 's heroes participate in athletic competitions to honor
1463-466: A team, they do not only compete against members of other teams, but also against each other for points towards championship standings, for example, in motorsport, particularly Formula One . Team orders can occur in such teams and although previously accepted were banned in Formula One between 2002 and 2010. After a controversy involving team orders at the 2010 German Grand Prix however, the regulation
1540-535: A word. There were already some unofficial, fun-driven tournaments that tried to recreate "Quidditch" in a real-life setting as early as 2001, e.g., in Germany where a tournament was even nicknamed "Junior World Championship". These events, however, were no serious attempt to establish a fixed rule set and to found a real-life sport yet. The sport was brought to life in 2005 at Middlebury College in Middlebury, Vermont , by Xander Manshel and Alex Benepe, who later became
1617-428: Is a type of sport where the fundamental nature of the game or sport requires the participation of multiple individuals working together as a team, and it is inherently impossible or highly impractical to execute the sport as a single-player endeavour. In team sports, the cooperative effort of team members is essential for the sport to function and achieve its objectives. The objective often involves teammates facilitating
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#17328724781831694-428: Is no friendly fire, meaning that bludgers thrown by beaters cannot affect any of their teammates. The snitch is a tennis ball placed at the bottom of a long yellow pouch that is attached to the back of the snitch runner's shorts like in tag rugby . The snitch-runner is allowed to be more physical than other players. Only seekers may make advances towards the snitch or the snitch runner, and no forceful contact with
1771-521: Is now an IQA World Cup every two years, though the 2020 World Cup was cancelled and the 2022 World Cup has been delayed. Since beginning at Middlebury College, the sport has grown through universities in the East and West Coast in the United States. It soon grew internationally, arriving in Canada through McGill University and Carleton University in 2009. In 2010, UCLA became the first major university to create
1848-445: Is play allowed in the spectator zones. Players are asked to return to the pitch when play continues out of bounds. On the edge of the pitch is a penalty box where players who have committed fouls that warrant yellow cards are sent for one minute. Each official game requires having several referees present as well as an official snitch. The referees consist of: The snitch runner, being a neutral player and assistant referee, may help
1925-490: Is played with six standing hoops, three on each side of a square pitch. Each player must hold a broomstick between their legs. There are three different types of balls in play, and five in total: the quaffle, three bludgers, and the snitch. The broomstick serves the purpose of being a handicap such as one-handed dribbling in basketball or using only one's feet in association football . The player must stay mounted on their broomstick continuously unless they have been hit with
2002-549: Is smooth movements and common tactics. This also applies approximately to the team time trial in cycling , which is the case with cycling tours and one-day races, which are different tasks for the team members of a cycling team. In some sports, relay races are held, which can be distinguished from pure team evaluations by a common racing tactic and the observance of change regulations. Relay races are common in running , swimming , cross-country skiing , biathlon , or short-track speed skating and are also an integral part of
2079-403: Is the thirteenth edition. A quadball arena consists of 3 hoops at each of the two shorter ends of the field. A team requires three chasers, one keeper, two beaters, and one seeker. Using the quaffle (volleyball) while riding broomsticks, the chasers are in charge of scoring points by passing, running, or kicking the ball to their teammates or into the hoops. The keeper guards the hoops and acts as
2156-572: The Bayankhongor Province of Mongolia , Neolithic-era cave paintings dating to 7000 BC depict a wrestling match surrounded by crowds. Prehistoric cave-paintings in Japan show a sport similar to sumo wrestling. In Wadi Sura , near Gilf Kebir in Libya , a Neolithic rock painting in the cave of swimmers shows evidence of swimming and archery being practiced around 6000 BC. Team sports have
2233-606: The Han dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE). The sport was not only a form of entertainment but also a means of fostering camaraderie among communities. Throughout history, team sports have reflected the values and priorities of their respective cultures. Whether it was the competitive spirit of the Greeks, the discipline of the Romans, or the communal bonding in China, ancient team sports played an integral role in
2310-462: The Olympic Games program with high popularity. There are team ratings in many sports, and the results of individual athletes or formations are added up. In cycling , team members, whilst still in competition with each other, will also work towards assisting one member of the team, usually a specialist, to the highest possible finishing position. In some sports where participants are entered by
2387-509: The University of Toledo , where BGSU swept Toledo in a best of three series. Following a poll of members, USQ changed its name from "US Quidditch" to "US Quadball" in July 2022. The move was carried out jointly with Major League Quadball and cited what the organization considered to be Harry Potter author J. K. Rowling 's anti-transgender stance and the film studio Warner Bros. owning trademarks on
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2464-705: The Winter Olympics , with particularity that the men's tournament in Ice hockey was introduced at the 1920 Summer Olympics and was transferred permanently to the Winter Olympic Games program in 1924, in France. Before the monobob event has been introduced as an additional women's class by the IBSF for the 2020–21 world cup season and the 2022 Olympic games, bobsleigh was considered as a pure team sport, that can only be practiced as
2541-403: The episkyros , a type of football. Rome adopted and adapted many Greek sports, introducing harpastum , a ball game similar to soccer, and ludi circenses , which included team chariot racing. These sports provided a sense of entertainment and unity, while also serving as a means of social control. In ancient China , cuju was a popular team sport akin to modern soccer, played as early as
2618-425: The IQA chose to adopt the eighth iteration as the de facto international standard where the proceeding rulebook will be released under the guise of the IQA. The changes from the Rulebook 9 to 10 were minimal. Rulebook 10 now requires that once an opposing team has scored, the keeper and or point chaser must keep the ball moving forward at all times. The rulebook has become more strict on tackling and cards are given at
2695-503: The USQ are divided into eight regions: Northeast, Mid-Atlantic, Midwest, Great Lakes, West, South, Southwest, and Northwest. Quadball Quidditch , officially known as quadball since 2022, is a team sport that was created in 2005 at Middlebury College in Middlebury, Vermont , United States, and was inspired by the fictional game of the same name in the Harry Potter books by
2772-742: The USQ. In July 2012 the International Quidditch Association hosted the Summer Games in Oxford, United Kingdom; these games were won by the United States. In September 2012, the United States Quadball Association formed a referee development team which trains individuals to become referees in the sport. In 2013, quadball was televised for the first time in history in Toledo, Ohio featured on Buckeye Cable Sports Network. The televised match pitted Bowling Green State University against in-state rivals
2849-403: The author J. K. Rowling . Two teams of seven players each, astride broomsticks and opposing each other on a rectangular pitch, compete with the primary objective of passing a ball through the defenders' hoops, while preventing their opponents from passing it through their own hoops. The real-world sport is sometimes referred to as " muggle quidditch " to distinguish it from the fictional game of
2926-480: The ball. Pushes are allowed if the arm is held straight; it is illegal to push if the arm is bent and then extended when pushing another player. Players are not allowed to dive for balls, slide into contact, trip opposing players, or initiate contact around the neck or over the shoulder. If a player is found making any of these offences it will result in a card depending on the severity of the offence. After several various types of illegal play, after an injury, or after
3003-403: The balls. The snitch goes on the field at 17 minutes, and the seekers are released at 18 minutes. Goals are worth ten points. Once a point is scored, the quaffle must be given to the other team's keeper, and almost immediately returns to the offensive with the chasers returning to their keeper zone or proper side of the pitch; beaters are not bound to return to their side of the pitch nor exit
3080-569: The best team. While Canada often sent several Ontario or Quebec teams, and Australia, Mexico and France each sent a team once, the World Cup in its state never saw true international competition. In 2012, the IQA hosted the Summer Games , where five nations sent national teams. Two years later, the IQA hosted the Global Games , during which the United States defeated Australia for the gold medal. There
3157-590: The books, which involves magical elements such as flying broomsticks and enchanted balls—a muggle in the Harry Potter series being a person without magical abilities. The sport is played around the world. Rules of the sport are governed by the International Quadball Association (IQA), and events are sanctioned by either the IQA or that nation's governing body . A team consists of a minimum of seven (maximum 21) players, of which six are always on
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3234-449: The catching team having more points overall than their opponents, the game ends immediately with the catching team winning. In the event a team catches the snitch but still trails in points (or is tied for points) the game goes into an overtime period, with the target being the score achieved by the non-catching team plus 30 points. The first team to reach the target score wins the game; alternatively, either team may concede at any time during
3311-667: The dead. In the Iliad there are chariot races, boxing, wrestling, a foot race, as well as fencing, archery, and spear throwing. The Odyssey adds to these a long jump and discus throw. It was in Greece that sports were first instituted formally, with the first Olympic Games recorded in 776 BCE in Olympia , where they were celebrated until 393 CE. These ancient Olympic Games consisted of running , long jump , boxing , wrestling , Pankration ( combat sport ), discus throw , and javelin throw . In
3388-491: The discretion of the head referee. In addition, moving screens are illegal. This means that if a person wishes to screen for another player that has the quaffle, the person setting the screen must have their feet planted. The 2020–2021 IQA rulebook is notable for making significant changes to several aspects of the game. The most major changes are chaser positioning when restarting play (after third bludger interference and most penalty cards), two yellow cards no longer resulting in
3465-412: The eighth iteration as the de facto international standard where the proceeding rulebook will be released under the guise of the IQA. The changes from Rulebook 7 to Rulebook 8 were minimal except in two areas: blue cards and snitching. A technical foul results in a blue card on a player where that player must substitute with another player of the same position. The substitution does not, however, result in
3542-493: The fictional sport of Quidditch , from the fantasy novel and movie series Harry Potter . Gameplay included elements similar to lacrosse , dodgeball , and rugby . In October 2005, the first quadball game was played at Battell Beach in Middlebury, Vermont. Around 30 players showed up to play the game. In 2007, the first quadball World Cup was played between Middlebury College and Vassar College . By this time, quadball had become
3619-430: The first commissioner of quidditch. It has grown into its own separate and distinct sport after ten publications of rulebooks. After beginning in 2005, the sport grew to the point where, in 2007, the first Quidditch World Cup took place with Middlebury taking the place of the top team. Since then, yearly until 2014, there was a World Cup within the United States, where collegiate and community teams would compete to be
3696-409: The game. The ultimate goal is to have more points than the other team by the time the snitch—a tennis ball inside a long sock hanging from the shorts of an impartial official dressed in yellow—is caught. After eighteen minutes of play, the snitch runner moves onto the pitch and tries to evade the two seekers. When one of the seekers catches the snitch, that team is awarded 30 points. If this leads to
3773-499: The game. The winner is determined not by the snitch catch, but by the number of points earned throughout the entirety of the game. Depending on the score teams will delay the snitch catch to better their chances of winning. Teams that are losing tend to defend the snitch by placing themselves between the Snitch Runner and the opposing seeker. The players positions are shown by the colour of the headband they wear on pitch. The game
3850-548: The individual sports. This includes sports that can only be practiced as a team sport. The number of team members is fixed for the team. In order to compete successfully in championships and tournaments, teams need a roster that is significantly larger than the number of players starting the game. Players may be substituted from a squad in competition matches to replace exhausted or injured players or to make tactical changes. Examples are basketball , volleyball , rugby , water polo , handball , lacrosse , cricket , baseball , and
3927-468: The leading team before the seeker floor. The first team to reach this set score wins the game. Additionally, the seeker floor is set at 20 minutes rather than 17. Quidditch has its roots in the fictional Harry Potter sport of the same name. To denote the difference, the fictional sport uses the capitalized "Quidditch" whereas the sport played as per the IQA rules uses the uncapitalised "quidditch". In April 2017 Oxford Dictionaries recognized "quidditch" as
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#17328724781834004-407: The midline. The other players on the team all line up anywhere on the sideline on their half of the pitch, excluding one chaser who acts as the offensive zone chaser and starts on the sideline in the opponents' half. In the event a team catches the snitch but this results in them still trailing in points (or being in a tie for points), the game now goes into an overtime period where a target score of
4081-514: The most popular club on campus at Middlebury College. In 2008, students took a spring break road trip to see quadball played at six college campuses in the Mid-Atlantic. This trip was aired on MTV, increasing interest in the game. The third World Cup took place in October 2009 with 2,000 spectators and 21 teams which made it the biggest tournament to date. In March 2010, US Quadball or USQ was made into
4158-480: The movement of a ball or similar object in accordance with a set of rules in order to score points. Examples are basketball , volleyball , rugby , water polo , handball , lacrosse , cricket , baseball , and the various forms of football and hockey . These sports emphasize teamwork, strategy, and coordination among team members while competing against opposing teams to achieve a common goal. Team sports do not include individual or individual-to-team events within
4235-486: The name of the sport they engage in. The leagues had stated that this was in order to distance themselves from Harry Potter author J.K. Rowling 's views on transgender people and related civil rights , that have been criticized by some people as transphobic , as well as avoiding a potential trademark dispute over studio Warner Bros. ' ownership of "Quidditch". Names suggested include "quidball", "quadball", "quickball", "quicker", "quidstrike" and "quadraball". In July 2022,
4312-407: The new name of "quadball" was announced, which references the game's four balls and retains 'Q' as the first letter. Each match begins with six of the starting players (excluding the seekers) along the starting line within their keeper zone with brooms on the ground and the four balls lined in the centre of the pitch. The head referee then calls "brooms up!" at which players run to gain possession of
4389-420: The non-catching team's score plus 30 points is set. The first team to reach the target score wins the game, however either team may concede at any time during this overtime period. Catches that result in the catching team leading in points still end the game immediately with the catching team winning. The upcoming 2022 IQA rulebook will add in two-arm wrappings and tackling, allow initiating contact from behind if
4466-426: The number of points earned; thus it is not unknown for teams that are losing by a wide margin to try delaying a snitch catch so that they can narrow the opponents' lead, along with the reverse, with the winning team trying to extend their lead. Depending on the severity of the foul, a player found committing an illegal play will result in a back-to-hoops, or a blue, yellow, and/or a red card. A back-to-hoops foul means
4543-470: The opposing team's keeper zone at any point. Games can last any length of time longer than 18 minutes, depending on the skill and endurance of the seekers and snitch. The game ends after the snitch has been caught through what is called a clean catch by the Snitch Referee, The Head Referee, and the Snitch Runner. The team that caught the snitch is awarded 30 points, regardless if they are winning or losing
4620-471: The overtime period. Matches or games often run about 30 to 40 minutes, but tend to vary in length due to the unpredictable nature of the snitch catch. Rules vary from the IQA standard in domestic competitions, most notably in the US. In games sanctioned by Major League Quadball (MLQ) and US Quadball (USQ), catching the snitch results in 35 points, which help teams reach a set score, 60 (MLQ) or 70 (USQ) points above
4697-431: The pitch of differing heights (3 ft or 0.91 m, 4.5 ft or 1.4 m and 6 ft or 1.8 m), placed two broomsticks apart (92 in or 2.3 m). Chasers and keepers can score by throwing the quaffle through any one of the hoops, from either front or back, gaining ten points for their team per score. Any player experiencing a knock-out effect from either dismounting their broomstick or getting hit with
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#17328724781834774-405: The pitch. The head referee then calls "brooms up!" at which players run to gain possession of the balls. After brooms up is called, the seekers must not interfere with other positions, and wait near the pitch until the end of the seeker floor, usually 18 minutes. The snitch goes on the field at 17 minutes, and the seekers are released at 18 minutes. Play runs rapidly, with quick change-of-hands of
4851-437: The pitch: three chasers, one keeper, and two beaters. The seventh position, known as a seeker, joins each team after a time period known as the "seeker floor" (17 minutes under IQA rules). The pitch is rectangular 60 by 36 yards (55 by 33 m) with three hoops of varying heights at either end (this contrasts with the pitch of the fictional sport, which is oval-shaped). Teams are required to be gender-balanced: each team may have
4928-469: The player must follow the same procedure as when hit with a bludger. A blue card or yellow card mean the player must go the penalty box, for either one minute or until the next goal. Blue cards do not stack, but two yellow cards stack to a red card. If a player receives a red card, they are banned from the rest of the match. If a Keeper is sent to the penalty box, they must give their headband to another chaser on their team, as both teams are required to have
5005-491: The playing area, at 17 minutes (the seekers being released at 18 minutes). Many NGBs chose to continue playing under Rulebook 7 rules. The release of Rulebook 9 coincided partially with the reformation of the IQA. As USQ released the rulebook, the IQA chose to adopt the eighth iteration as the de facto international standard where the proceeding rulebook will be released under the guise of the IQA. The changes from Rulebook 8 to Rulebook 9 were minimal. Rulebook 9 requires that if
5082-499: The quaffle, because every goal (each being worth 10 points) scored against a team gives that team the ball. Once a point is scored, the quaffle must be given to the other team's keeper, and almost immediately returns to the offensive with the chasers returning to their keeper zone or proper side of the pitch; beaters are not bound to return to their side of the pitch nor exit the opposing team's keeper zone at any point. Games can last any length of time longer than 18 minutes, depending on
5159-419: The referees to determine whether or not the catch was clean. There is also usually a timekeeper and scorekeeper for each game. The rules of quidditch have changed significantly as the sport has developed over time. New rulebooks are released approximately every one or two years. The release of Rulebook 8 coincided partially with the reformation of the IQA. As USQ released the rulebook, the IQA chose to adopt
5236-406: The seekers cannot advance towards the snitch at all until three seconds after the snitch is back up – if they do so, they will be sent back to hoops. The quidditch pitch is usually marked with cones or with painted lines, and it is where all play occurs (a rectangle of 36 by 66 yards or 33 m × 60 m around the pitch). Balls are not allowed to be kicked off the pitch under penalty, nor
5313-413: The skill and endurance of the seekers and snitch. Many tournaments introduce snitch handicaps, such as asking the snitch to use only one hand, no hands, or remain on the centre line, to ensure games fit within reasonable time slots. The game is won only after the snitch has been caught cleanly, and the team that caught the snitch is awarded 30 points. The winner is determined not by the snitch catch but by
5390-491: The snitch is worth 30 points. The match ends once the snitch is caught by a seeker. If the snitch is caught and the score is tied, the game goes into overtime. Quadball is a uniquely gender-inclusive contact sport - following the "four maximum" rule. This means that there can be no more than four players of the same gender on the field at the same time; when the seekers are released, this number increases to five. Teams are either collegiate- or community-based. Teams registered with
5467-403: The snitch runner is allowed. If the snitch is not caught within a certain period of time, handicaps for the snitch runner come into play. Catching the snitch awards 30 points. As of the release of Rulebook 8, the snitch is relegated to playing only on the field in the same fashion as the other players. Previously, snitch runners left the pitch to be pursued by seekers returning to the field after
5544-482: The social fabric of civilizations. They transcended mere physical activity, serving as a testament to the enduring significance of sports in human history. Today, these ancient traditions continue to influence modern team sports, reminding us of the timeless appeal and cultural importance of collective athletic endeavors. Status after the 2024 Summer Olympics Summer Olympics (14) Source: Notes Winter Olympics (2) Ice hockey and curling are team sports at
5621-422: The team whose hoop was scored upon, which is counted to be 10 points. The bludger is a slightly deflated dodgeball that can only be manipulated by beaters. There are three bludgers. The bludgers are used to hit any other player on the field. Upon being hit by a bludger, a player must dismount their broom, drop any ball that they may have been carrying, and touch their team's hoops before resuming play. There also
5698-775: The various forms of football and hockey . Teams of two people are common in certain sports, such as dancesport or beach volleyball . No substitute players are used here. The two partners are absolutely dependent on each other. The absence of a person here means a loss of competitiveness. There are sports that are commonly played by individuals, or singles, but may also be played in a cooperative partner formation referred to as doubles. This includes sports such as badminton , table tennis , and tennis . In these formations, common tactics, teamwork, and agreements are crucial for success. There are also different rowing formations, such as one, two, four, and eight, or sailing with their different boat classes. The most important thing here
5775-464: The word "Quidditch" The name refers to the number of balls used in the sport and the number of positions held in the field. As the sport has grown nationally, and globally, USQ has issued a number of rule books which have formed the basis of many other national leagues rules, with some using the USQ rules exactly whilst others, like Quidditch Canada and QuidditchUK , have alteredHOI their rules to best suit their leagues' play style. The current rulebook
5852-644: Was played between students of Vassar College in New York and University of Vaasa in Finland . In March 2011, the USQ held its first regional tournament called the Swamp Cup in Gainesville, Florida. In November 2011, 96 teams competed in the fifth World Cup on Randall's Island in New York. In 2012, hundreds of teams began to establish at other universities and colleges all over the United States. Now over 110 teams are members of
5929-486: Was removed as of the 2011 season. In summary, team sports are characterized by the impossibility or impracticality of executing the sport as a single-player endeavor, and the entire game or match relies on team dynamics. In contrast, sports with team ratings and formations involve both individual and team aspects, where individual performances contribute to a team's overall success but may not be entirely reliant on team dynamics. Relay races combine individual efforts within
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