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43-409: USS Snook has been the name of more than one United States Navy ship, and may refer to: USS  Snook  (SS-279) , a submarine commissioned in 1942 and lost in 1945 USS  Snook  (SSN-592) , a submarine in commission from 1961 to 1986 [REDACTED] [REDACTED] List of ships with the same or similar names This article includes

86-527: A coordinated attack group with sister ships Pargo  (SS-264) and Harder  (SS-257) in the waters off the Mariana Islands . On 29 November, the submarine sank the passenger-cargo ship Yamafuku Maru with four torpedo hits, and the cargo ship Shiganoura Maru , as well as damaging an escort ship. Snook returned to Midway Island on 7 December and was routed on to Pearl Harbor . On 6 January 1944, Snook cleared Pearl Harbor and headed for

129-468: A list of ships with the same or similar names. If an internal link for a specific ship led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended ship article, if one exists. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS_Snook&oldid=1062768006 " Categories : Set index articles on ships United States Navy ship names Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description

172-622: A bonus, the Admiralty could sell these trawlers to commercial fishing interests after the end of the war. Many were sunk during the war, such as HMT  Amethyst and HMT  Force . In 1940 Lieutenant Richard Stannard was in command of the naval trawler HMT  Arab when he won the Victoria Cross for his actions from 28 April to 2 May 1940 at Namsos in the Norwegian campaign . HMT Arab survived 31 bombing attacks in five days. During

215-673: A further 60 as auxiliary patrol vessels. During the Second World War the Kriegsmarine operated trawlers as Vorpostenboot (outpost boats) and as weather ships ; the Lauenburg was an example. It also used a large number of Kriegsfischkutter , trawlers built after the 24m long model "G" of the scientifically developed fishing cutter models (seven "Reichsfischkutter"-models A to- G), redesigned for naval uses such as anti-submarine warfare, but intended for conversion to fishing vessel after

258-538: A nation's fishing boats and fishermen to military assets. England used trawlers to maintain control of seaward approaches to major harbours. No one knew these waters as well as local fishermen, and the trawler was the ship type these fishermen understood and could operate effectively without further instruction. The Royal Navy maintained a small inventory of trawlers in peacetime, but requisitioned much larger numbers of civilian trawlers in wartime. The larger and newer trawlers and whalers were converted for antisubmarine use and

301-585: A number of Isles-class trawlers to the Portuguese Navy as anti-submarine vessels. Romania acquired three German KFK naval trawlers in 1943. During the First World War, the Royal Navy operated 627 "Admiralty Trawlers" which had been purpose-built, purchased from foreign countries, or acquired as prizes . A further 1,456 trawlers were hired and operated, together with many other kinds of small vessel, by

344-470: A number of these naval trawlers retired from their spy ship roles have also been converted to survey vessels to meet the extremely heavy hydrographic survey requirement. Chinese naval trawlers include Type 113 , Type 801 , Type 8105 , Type 8101 , Type 8154 and Type 792 naval trawlers . The French Navy used trawlers requisitioned from civilian use in wartime. In the Second World War 480 trawler-type vessels were in service as auxiliary mine-sweepers, and

387-533: A second try by overhead aircraft. Shortly before midnight on 3 July Snook made radar contact with another enemy convoy. Early the following morning, she fired a spread of six torpedoes , sinking cargo ships Koki Maru and Liverpool Maru and severely damaging Atlantic Maru . Snook returned to Pearl Harbor from her second patrol on 18 July. Snook left Pearl Harbor for her third war patrol on 18 August and arrived off Marcus Island on 30 August to take reconnaissance photographs and stand lifeguard duty for

430-408: A single Japanese source. Snook was credited with sinking 17 enemy vessels in her two and one-half years of active service. She earned seven battle stars for World War II service. The actual whereabouts of Snook may have been discovered during a deep-sea dive in 1995. The possibility exists that a U.S. submarine lies in about 1,148 feet (350 m) of water off the coast of Iriomote Island ,

473-525: A small patrol craft. Snook was lost while conducting her ninth war patrol, in the South China Sea and Luzon Strait . On 8 April, she reported her position to submarine Tigrone and when she did not acknowledge messages sent from Tigrone the next day, it was presumed that she had headed toward Luzon Strait. On 12 April, she was ordered to take lifeguard station in the vicinity of Sakishima Gunto in support of British carrier air strikes. On 20 April,

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516-503: A spread of three torpedoes that quickly sank Kinko Maru . The lead freighter continued, unaware of the attack, until someone on the sinking ship sounded a whistle. At that point, the freighter began a series of frantic maneuvers to dodge two of Snook ' s torpedoes, then opened fire with her guns, forcing the submarine to withdraw out of range, returning shortly after and firing three torpedoes, one of which hit Daifuku Maru amidships and sank her. Snook then resumed patrol. Early on

559-453: A submarine in history), and heavily damaged the freighter Shiranesan Maru . On 14 February, she quickly sank freighter Nittoku Maru , with one torpedo hit amidships and, on the following day, sank cargo ship Hoshi Maru Number Two . On 23 February, while returning to Midway Island , she spotted an enemy convoy eight miles away, made a daring approach through a screen of 11 enemy escort ships, and fired five torpedoes, with two hits which sank

602-519: A submarine in history), one of the greatest losses of life in American maritime history. After rescuing a downed airman on 3 November, the submarine returned to Pearl Harbor on 18 November. Snook ' s eighth war patrol was conducted off the Kuril Islands from 25 December 1944 to 17 February 1945. Her only sightings during this patrol were two friendly Soviet vessels and a momentary contact with

645-401: A surface attack on a 500 ton vessel. The vessel was damaged and as the submarine moved closer to finish it off, returned fire was received. Four of the submarine's crew members were injured. The submarine turned away at high speed and the vessel was last seen settling in the water. The submarine terminated her third patrol at Pearl Harbor on 8 October. Snook spent her fourth war patrol in

688-466: A very large number of auxiliary minesweepers to prepare for war, and as a result, when naval trawlers had retired from their intelligence gathering role, they were converted to auxiliary minesweepers and placed in operational reserve of PLAN. In addition, environmental problems have caused constant geological/geographical/hydrographical changes in Chinese waters, hence creating huge survey requirement, thus

731-605: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles USS Snook (SS-279) USS Snook (SS-279) , a Gato -class submarine , was the first ship of the United States Navy to be named for the common snook , an Atlantic marine fish that is bluish-gray above and silvery below a black lateral line. Snook ' s keel was laid down by the Portsmouth Navy Yard in Kittery , Maine , on 17 April 1942. She

774-550: The Auxiliary Patrol . Trawlers were mainly employed in minesweeping, anti-submarine patrols and as boom defence vessels . 266 of the hired trawlers were lost while on active service. Before and during the Second World War, the Royal Navy ordered many naval trawlers to Admiralty specifications. Shipyards such as Smiths Dock Company that were used to building fishing trawlers could easily switch to building naval versions. As

817-594: The South China Sea . After stopping at Saipan for repairs from 25 September to 4 October the submarine continued her patrol and contacted an enemy convoy on 23 October. She sank passenger-cargo ship Shinsei Maru Number 1 , then evaded two escorts and resumed the chase, sinking the tanker Kikusui Maru with a torpedo which disintegrated the entire aft end. After again escaping the escorts, Snook returned and fired five bow torpedoes, sinking cargo ship, or " hell ship ", Arisan Maru , killing about 1,773 American prisoners of war (the 23rd worst loss of life by ship sunk by

860-716: The 1940 Battle of Belgium , and one of them, A4 , evacuated a large quantity of the National Bank's gold reserves to Britain shortly before Belgium's surrender. As with Portugal, the British Royal Navy had a number of trawler-type warships on order from Brazilian shipyards. With the declaration of war by Brazil against Germany in 1942 these vessels were transferred to the Brazilian Navy for anti-submarine and escort duties. People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) uses naval trawlers as spy ships , as well as fishing when PLAN

903-900: The 1982 Falklands War the Royal Navy hired a flotilla of five trawlers from Kingston-upon-Hull , which were hastily converted to minesweepers, as the Ton-class minesweepers then in service were unsuitable for the long voyage and the heavy seas of the South Atlantic . Although employed with the Task Force on various other auxiliary duties, after the Argentine surrender the trawlers were able to sweep ten naval mines which had been successfully laid in Port Stanley harbour; eleven others had failed to deploy or had broken adrift. The US Navy generally favoured custom-built warships to civilian conversions, but in

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946-652: The British to crack the Enigma code , enabling them to read Germany's secret communications; the Germans discontinued the use of weather trawlers as they were too vulnerable, though they had not understood how their weather missions compromised Enigma. The Royal Indian Navy operated trawlers mostly for wartime coastal defence; more than 50 Basset -class trawlers were ordered, but only 22 were completed, with four more being destroyed before completion when their shipyards were overrun by

989-564: The Japanese in Burma. The remaining 25 were cancelled. They were used for coastal anti-submarine patrols and mine-sweeping duties. As the Second World War progressed, Japan commandeered some fishing vessels for use as picket boats. To augment these, and to replace losses, the Imperial Japanese Navy also ordered a group of 280 picket boats, built on trawler lines but to Navy specifications. This

1032-552: The Japanese sank a North Korean naval trawler after a six-hour battle known as the battle of Amami-Ōshima . Somali pirates have commandeered trawlers and armed them for attacking freighters off the Horn of Africa ; the action of 18 March 2006 involved a naval trawler used by pirates. In the aftermath of the First World War, the Belgian Corps de Marine purchased several British war surplus naval trawlers. They were operational during

1075-487: The Norwegian resistance. Though Portugal was neutral or non-belligerent throughout the Second World War , a number of steel and wooden-hulled vessels were built there to trawler design for the Royal Navy. These Portuguese-class naval trawlers were delivered in 1942, but further construction was halted after protests from Nazi Germany. Later, as Portugal became more closely involved with the western allies, Britain transferred

1118-605: The Pacific. Following a 12-day stopover at Pearl Harbor , the submarine put to sea on 11 April and headed for the Yellow Sea and East China Sea for her first war patrol. Upon completion of mine planting in the Shanghai area, Snook continued on up the coast of China to the Yellow Sea . On the afternoon of 5 May, she sighted two freighters standing out of Dairen and took up the chase. She trailed both until after nightfall, then fired

1161-574: The Royal Norwegian Navy used six converted whalers and 22 other fishing vessels as minesweepers, and a further ten as patrol craft. The Royal Norwegian Navy also used a German naval trawler captured in April 1940 and put into service as HNoMS  Honningsvåg . After the occupation of Norway the Free Norwegian forces used fishing vessels for their clandestine Shetland bus operations in support of

1204-462: The carrier air strikes of 1 September. Following the air strikes, the submarine resumed patrol and headed for the East China Sea where, in the early morning darkness of 13 September, she torpedoed and sank the 9,650-ton transport Yamato Maru . On 22 September, Snook intercepted and sank 715-ton Japanese cargo ship Katsurahama Maru departing from Dairen . On 29 September, the submarine conducted

1247-477: The commander of the British carrier task force reported that he had a plane down in Snook ' s assigned area, and that he could not contact the submarine by radio. Snook was ordered to search the area and to acknowledge the order. When she failed to make a transmission, submarine Bang was sent to make the search and rendezvous with Snook . Although Bang arrived and rescued the downed aviators, she saw no sign of

1290-449: The far southwest island in the Okinawa chain. During operations with an Okinawan company using a U.S. made "SCORPIO" ROV in 1995, a group of divers encountered a sonar contact with what appeared to be a metal structure, about 20 feet (6.1 m) in girth and about 115 feet (35 m) in length (exposed) at roughly an angle of 20-30 degrees. The SONAR image of a large unexpected obstruction to

1333-581: The first months of World War II the acute shortage of vessels for coastal defence and anti-submarine work led to the formation of a mosquito fleet . Twenty steel-hulled and more than 40 wooden-hulled trawlers were commissioned as auxiliary minesweepers (AM designation), but confined to coastal waters and not rated for offensive or convoy escort duties. A further 70 tuna clippers were called up as minesweepers (Amc designation), ten as harbour patrol craft (YP) and 50 as coastal transports (APC). The United States Coast Guard requisitioned ten Boston fishing trawlers for

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1376-552: The missing submarine; on 16 May, Snook was presumed lost due to unknown causes. It is believed that she was sunk by kaibokans Okinawa , CD-8, CD-32 and CD-52 . It has also been suggested that Snook may have been lost in combat with one of five Japanese submarines which were also lost in April–May 1945. One candidate is the Japanese Type B3 submarine I-56 , however it remains a hypothesis due to it not being confirmed by

1419-502: The morning of 7 May, Snook began quickly closing in on a convoy. Upon overtaking the enemy cargo ships, she launched four torpedoes, followed by three others five minutes later. The 4,363-ton cargo ship Hosei Maru was destroyed and several other ships possibly damaged. After destroying two armed trawlers in actions on 13 May and 16 May, Snook terminated her first patrol at Midway Island on 23 May. Snook set sail from Midway Island for her second war patrol on 9 June and headed for

1462-536: The object was a submarine, and quite possibly the Snook . No further dives in the area were ever attempted. [REDACTED]   This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships . Read the book about the USS Snook submarine "Final Dive" by Rick Cline ISBN   0-9663235-3-X Naval trawler The naval trawler is a concept for expeditiously converting

1505-527: The older and smaller trawlers were converted to minesweepers. Armed trawlers were also used to defend fishing groups from enemy aircraft or submarines. The smallest civilian trawlers were converted to danlayers . Some nations still use armed trawlers for fisheries protection and patrol. The Indian Navy used naval trawlers for patrol duties during its involvement in the Sri Lankan civil war. North Korea has notoriously used armed trawlers as spy ships . In 2001

1548-506: The operations prompted the divers to command evasive maneuvers and avoid the area for the safety of the ROV. The divers, thinking they would have another opportunity to work in the area at a later date, left the area and never returned to that site. Their ROV was lost in 1997 off Yonaguni Island , the last island belonging to the Okinawa chain off the east coast of Taiwan. They were fairly certain that

1591-463: The passenger-cargo ship, Koyo Maru . The submarine terminated her fifth patrol at Pearl Harbor on 6 March and continued to Hunters Point Navy Yard for a major overhaul. On her sixth patrol Snook attacked and missed two freighters on 12 July, but found no other worthwhile targets, and returned to Midway Island on 14 August. Snook ' s seventh war patrol was conducted in Luzon Strait and

1634-495: The war. The weather trawler programme was a major disaster for the German war effort; it has even been suggested that it was one of the major contributors to Germany's defeat. The British Royal Navy monitored and pursued them relentlessly, capturing or sinking many. The reason was not just the strategic importance of weather data, but that the trawlers were carrying Enigma encryption machines and information, which when captured helped

1677-456: The waters off the Ryukyu Islands . In the morning twilight of 24 June, the submarine closed on a six-ship convoy escorted by two destroyers , launched two torpedoes at a large tanker , and heard two hits as she went deep and rigged for silent running to avoid the patrolling escorts. Coming back up to periscope depth, she found a destroyer guarding the crippled ship and was prevented from

1720-518: The western coast of Kyūshū and her fifth war patrol. While off the Bonin Islands on 23 January, the submarine torpedoed and sank the 3,120-ton converted gunboat Magane Maru . On 8 February, she attacked a 13-ship convoy, firing a spread of four torpedoes for three hits before diving to evade the escort ships. In this action, she sank the troopship Lima Maru , with the massive loss of life of 2,765 dead, (the 11th worst loss of life by ship sunk by

1763-509: Was launched on 15 August 1942, sponsored by Mrs. Audrey Emanuel Dempsey, wife of Lieutenant James C. Dempsey, who had been awarded the Navy Cross for heroism as commanding officer of the submarine USS  S-27  (SS-132) . Snook was commissioned on 24 October 1942. After shakedown training off the New England coast, Snook departed New London on 3 March 1943 and set sail for

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1806-416: Was allowed to conduct business activities to supplement the huge military expenditure. In addition, prior to Chinese economic reform , it was relatively easy for PLAN to commandeer private vessels for military use in emergency situations when everything was government-owned in planned economy , but this has become increasingly difficult to do after the reform due to private ownership. However, PLAN has to keep

1849-525: Was the No.1 class auxiliary patrol boat , though ultimately only 27 were completed. In World War II the Royal New Zealand Navy operated 35 minesweepers, including 20 purpose-built naval trawlers (13 Castle class, three Bird class four Isles class), five converted fishing trawlers, and ten converted merchant vessels. Norway had a large fishing and whaling fleet industry. For the Second World War

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