42-600: The UPND Alliance is a political coalition in Zambia, formed in 2021 to consolidate opposition parties ahead of the general elections. Led by the United Party for National Development (UPND), the alliance includes key members such as the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) and the Alliance for Democracy and Development (ADD). The coalition was created to unify opposition forces against
84-567: A Bachelor in Political Science from Atlantic International University . Atlantic International University has been characterized as a degree mill , and its degrees have been widely dismissed as "fake." After Frederick Chiluba defeated Kaunda in 1991, Sata became one of Zambia's most instantly recognisable faces. Under the MMD, he served as minister for local government, labour and, briefly, health where, he stated that his "reforms brought sanity to
126-543: A crucial role in shaping the country's political and economic landscape. The party's internal structure includes the National Management Committee (NMC), its chief executive organ, which is elected every five years during the party's General Assembly. The NMC is responsible for electing the National Executive Committee (NEC), which handles day-to-day decision-making within the party. The UPND
168-452: A false declaration of his assets when applying to run for president in August, along with other charges. He was questioned by police and released on bail. If convicted, he could have received a prison sentence of least two years. As a convict, he would also be unable to hold public office. Sata said the charges were politically motivated, and in court he pleaded not guilty to them. On 14 December,
210-509: A former executive of the Anglo American Corporation. The party emerged as a significant opposition force following a split from the Movement for Multi-Party Democracy (MMD). The UPND positions itself as a centrist party with strong ideological commitments to social and economic liberalism, advocating for policies that support free-market principles, human rights, and democratic governance. The UPND rose to national prominence under
252-821: A member of parliament for Kabwata constituency in Lusaka. Though once close with President Kenneth Kaunda , he became disillusioned by Kaunda's dictatorial style and he left the UNIP to join the Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD) during the campaign for multi-party politics in 1991. Sata's first marriage was to Margaret Manda. He later married Christine Kaseba , who was First Lady of Zambia during his presidency. Michael Sata reportedly had at least ten children between his two marriages. In 2016, Sata's widow, Christine Kaseba, denied claims by another woman that she too had also been married to Michael Sata as well as herself. Michael Sata has
294-628: A presidential by-election was held on 20 January 2015. Michael Charles Chilufya Sata was born on 6 July 1937, and brought up in Mpika , Northern Province . He worked under the Zambian Police Service as a police officer, then later as railway man and trade unionist during colonial rule. He spent some time in London working on the railway as a cleaner. Among other things, he was a porter at Victoria railway station. Sata began actively participating in
336-520: A social contract with the youths making it the first political party in Africa to have a youthful agenda. as part of UDA The National Management Committee ( NMC ) of the United Party for National Development (UPND) is the party's chief executive organ, responsible for overseeing the party's strategic direction and governance. The NMC is elected every five years during the party’s General Assembly and
378-654: A stroke and was hospitalised in France, Sata questioned the official claims about Mwanawasa's health on 15 July 2008, and he called for a team of doctors to be sent by the Cabinet to examine Mwanawasa; this team would then disclose Mwanawasa's actual condition. Mwanawasa died in office in August 2008. On 25 August, Sata attempted to attend funeral proceedings for Mwanawasa at Chipata in Eastern Province; however, Maureen Mwanawasa, Mwanawasa's widow, ordered Sata to leave, saying that he
420-527: A total 82 seats, forming 46.64% of parliament. This is whilst PF lost 21 seats bringing their total to 59, forming 35.30% of parliament and subsequently becoming Zambia's largest opposition party. On the executive level, the UPND President Hakainde Hichilema was re-elected to the party presidency at the elective General Conference on 14 February 2021 and Mutale Nalumango was appointed as his running-mate on 23 February 2021. Also leading to
462-479: A victory for Banda because there was "no way MMD can win", and he alleged that the Electoral Commission and the police were working together to rig the election. Although he held the lead in early vote counting, which reflected his strong support in urban areas, his lead grew smaller as votes from rural areas were counted. In the end, Banda overtook Sata, and final results on 2 November showed Banda with 40% of
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#1732883670921504-538: Is also a member of the Africa Liberal Network , aligning itself with other liberal parties across the continent. The UPND was established in December 1998 and was initially led by Anderson Mazoka , who had left the Movement for Multi-Party Democracy (MMD) shortly beforehand. Mazoka was the party's presidential candidate for the 2001 general elections , finishing second with 27% of the vote, less than 2% behind
546-563: Is responsible for electing the National Executive Committee for day-to-day decision-making. The NMC includes key leadership positions such as the president, vice president, national chairperson, secretary-general, deputy secretary-general, and national treasurer. These top positions, often referred to as the "Top Leadership," play a pivotal role in guiding the party's policies and activities. Michael Sata Michael Charles Chilufya Sata (6 July 1937 – 28 October 2014)
588-485: The electoral authority due to incidents of political violence in the Lusaka, Mpulungu, Nakonde and Namwala districts, Hichilema and Nalumango were elected President-Elect and Vice President-Elect with 2,852,348 votes or 59.02% of the vote. The UPND has a youth league, the UPND Youth League . This youth League was formed to mobilise youth concerns. It represents young people from across Zambia. The party has signed
630-552: The 2001 election but did not do well—his party only won one seat in parliament. Sata conceded defeat and continued to campaign Sata contested the September 2006 presidential election as a populist championing the causes of the poor in the face of Mwanawasa's economic reform policies. While others on the slate of candidates contesting the election frequently resorted to personal attacks and insults, Sata's remarks were at times quite equally scathing. At one campaign event in particular, Sata
672-718: The 2006 presidential election campaign. During the 2006 election campaign he was reported to have said of Zimbabwean President Robert Mugabe that "Mugabe hasn't done anything wrong. It is the imperialists , the capitalist-roaders, who say he is a villain." In 2008, he said that he would revoke licenses for foreign investors if they resisted his orders to give at least a 25% stake in their companies to Zambians. At his inauguration as President of Zambia, Sata assured foreign investors that they were welcome in his country, Africa's biggest copper producer, but said they must improve conditions for their Zambian employees. Concerns about Sata's health grew during 2014 and some suggested that he
714-738: The 2021 general election on 12 August, the UPND formed an alliance in March dubbed the UPND Alliance with several smaller political parties including former PF members and allies such as former finance minister Felix Mutati , lawyer Kelvin Fube Bwalya and engineer Charles Milupi among others. After three months of official campaigns that were briefly suspended first voluntarily upon the death of Zambia's first President Kenneth Kaunda in June, and then on instruction from
756-524: The Malawian government gave no explanation for Sata's deportation. On 6 April, Sata's lawyer said that he had initiated a lawsuit against the Malawian government for violating his rights. After losing his passport in London in late 2007, Sata was issued another; however, on 10 November 2007, Minister of Home Affairs Ronnie Shikapwasha announced that Sata's passport was withdrawn temporarily because he had obtained
798-556: The charges were dropped on the grounds that the declaration of assets was not made under oath. On 15 March 2007, Sata was deported from Malawi shortly after arrival. Sata said that he was only there to meet with the business community, and alleged that the Zambian government had effected the deportation by falsely claiming that Sata was in Malawi to assist that country's former president, Bakili Muluzi . The Zambian government denied this, while
840-515: The complexities of Zambian politics, addressing both national challenges and internal party dynamics, while positioning itself as a key player in the country’s future political landscape. The UPND Alliance is currently composed of the following political parties: United Party for National Development The United Party for National Development ( UPND ) is a prominent political party in Zambia , founded in December 1998 by Anderson Mazoka ,
882-451: The day. "As you are aware the president was receiving medical attention in London. The head of state passed on October 28. President Sata's demise is deeply regretted. The nation will be kept informed on burial arrangements." His wife, Christine Kaseba, and son Mulenga were with him at the time of his death. He is the second President of Zambia to die in office, after Levy Mwanawasa 's death only six years earlier in 2008. His death triggered
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#1732883670921924-440: The election in the early hours of 23 September. He was sworn in later in the day. He was said to have won because of the urban vote. Despite the toning down of his rhetoric, the investment climate in Zambia was considered uncertain in the wake of his victory. On 8 September 2008, Sata claimed that he would protect Chinese investments if he was elected, abandoning the hostility towards Chinese investment that he had expressed during
966-551: The government was lying about Sata's health. He also missed a speech at the general debate of the sixty-ninth session of the United Nations General Assembly amid rumours he had fallen ill at a New York City hotel. On 19 October, he left the country for what was described as a medical check-up, leaving Edgar Lungu , the Minister of Defense, in charge of the country in his absence. Given the circumstances, including
1008-467: The health system". In 1995, he was appointed minister without portfolio, the party's national organising secretary during which his political style was described as "increasingly abrasive". In 2001, President Chiluba nominated Levy Mwanawasa as the MMD's presidential candidate for the 2001 election . In frustration, Sata left the MMD and set up a new party, the Patriotic Front (PF). He contested
1050-416: The leadership of Hakainde Hichilema , a businessman who assumed the party's presidency after Mazoka's death in 2006. Under Hichilema's leadership, the party has become the main opposition force in Zambian politics, contesting multiple elections before finally winning the presidency in the 2021 elections . Hichilema's victory marked the UPND's transition from opposition to governance, with the party now playing
1092-469: The leading opposition presidential contender and rival to President Levy Mwanawasa in the 2006 presidential election , but was defeated. Following Mwanawasa's death, Sata ran again in 2008, losing to Rupiah Banda . After ten years in opposition, Sata defeated Banda, the incumbent, to win the September 2011 presidential election with a plurality of the vote. He died in London on 28 October 2014, leaving Vice President Guy Scott as Acting President until
1134-579: The new passport without following the necessary procedures and proving that he needed a new passport. Shikapwasha said that an investigation would follow, that Sata had been interrogated, and that he could face arrest. Sata suffered a heart attack on 25 April 2008 and was evacuated to Milpark Hospital in Johannesburg , South Africa, where he was said to be in stable condition on 26 April. He reconciled with President Mwanawasa in May 2008. After Mwanawasa suffered
1176-403: The politics of Northern Rhodesia in 1963. Following independence, Sata worked his way up through the rough-and-tumble rank-and-file of the ruling United National Independence Party (UNIP) to the governorship of Lusaka in 1985. As Governor, he made his mark as a man of action with a hands on approach. He cleaned up the streets, patched roadways and built bridges in the city. Afterward he became
1218-407: The ruling Patriotic Front (PF), aiming to address Zambia's political and economic challenges. The alliance played a pivotal role in the 2021 general elections, resulting in a decisive victory that saw Hakainde Hichilema elected as Zambia's 7th president. This victory was a major milestone, bringing together various opposition parties under a common goal of reform and development. The UPND Alliance
1260-478: The sudden nature of the trip, Sata's absence from public view and the fact that the fiftieth anniversary of Zambian independence was only days away, many believed that Sata was very seriously ill. Sata died in the late evening of 28 October at the King Edward VII's Hospital in London. He was receiving treatment for an undisclosed illness. Cabinet Secretary Roland Msiska issued a statement that he died late in
1302-472: The vote against 38% for Sata. Sata subsequently stated that he had not been defeated and accused Banda of fraud. Sata ran for President for a fourth time in the election held on 20 September 2011. In the early stages of the campaign he was more vitriolic in his anti-Chinese rhetoric, but he later toned down his rhetoric. Results showed him receiving about 43% of the vote against 36% for Banda, and Chief Justice Ernest Sakala accordingly declared that he had won
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1344-466: The vote. The UDA won only 26 seats in the National Assembly, down from the 74 the three parties had won in 2001. Hichilema was the UPND candidate for the 2008 presidential by-election , finishing third with 20% of the vote. He finished third again in the 2011 general elections with 18% of the vote, whilst the UPND won 28 seats in the National Assembly, becoming the third-largest party. Hichilema
1386-550: The vote; Hakainde Hichilema had 28%; and the Michael Sata had slipped to 27%. When opposition supporters heard that Sata had slipped from first to third place, riots erupted in Lusaka. On 2 October, the Zambian Electoral Commission announced that Mwanawasa had officially won the election; final results put Sata in second place with about 29% of the vote. Sata was arrested in early December 2006, accused of making
1428-635: The winner Levy Mwanawasa of the MMD. In the National Assembly elections the UPND won 49 seats, becoming the second largest party after the MMD. In March 2006, the party joined the United Democratic Alliance , formed by the three largest opposition parties to contest that year's general elections . After the death of Mazoka in May 2006, Hakainde Hichilema became party leader, and was the alliance's presidential candidate. However, he finished third behind Mwanawasa and Michael Sata with 25% of
1470-575: Was a Zambian politician who served as the fifth president of Zambia from 2011 until his death in 2014. A social democrat , he led the Patriotic Front (PF), a major political party in Zambia. Under President Frederick Chiluba , Sata was a minister during the 1990s as part of the Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD) government. He went into opposition in 2001, forming the PF. As an opposition leader, Sata – popularly known as "The King Cobra", emerged as
1512-441: Was also joined by Wynter Kabimba’s Economic Front (EF) in 2024, further strengthening its platform and expanding its political reach. The Movement for Multi-Party Democracy joined the alliance on 30 October 2024. Additionally, leadership transitions within the coalition have brought changes to its internal dynamics, with coalition members balancing expectations for governance and political roles. The alliance continues to navigate
1554-583: Was elected. Sata's right-hand man in the campaign was Dr. Guy Scott , the Patriotic Front secretary general. Scott is a white Zambian politician. He served a number of ministerial positions during the Chiluba government. Sata also received the public backing of Chiluba. Initial results from the election gave Sata the lead, but further results put Mwanawasa in first place and pushed Sata into third place. Interim results released after votes from 120 of 150 constituencies were counted put Mwanawasa on just over 42% of
1596-423: Was no longer really running the government due to his condition, although the government denied that. He stopped appearing in public, which seemed jarringly uncharacteristic for the notably extroverted and outspoken president. Observers thought he seemed unwell when he opened parliament on 19 September and over the course of the following month he failed to appear in public again. MMD leader Nevers Mumba alleged that
1638-452: Was politicising the event and that he had never reconciled with Mwanawasa's family. Sata, who was removed from the scene by security, said that he was only there to mourn Mwanawasa and that he had hoped to escort the body while it was taken to provincial capitals across Zambia; he maintained that his reconciliation with Mwanawasa himself was sufficient to justify his presence. He also said that Maureen Mwanawasa had acted inappropriately. Sata
1680-445: Was reported to have ripped apart a cabbage in front of his supporters. The cabbage was a reference to Mwanawasa's speech impediment, which was the result of an injury sustained in a 1992 car crash. He has also accused Mwanawasa of "selling out" Zambia to international interests, and at one event, he referred to Hong Kong as a country and Taiwan as a sovereign state. In response, China threatened to cut off relations with Zambia if he
1722-451: Was selected as the party's candidate for the 2015 presidential by-election . Hichilema become the main opponent to the Patriotic Front (PF) candidate Edgar Lungu after receiving the backing of several MMD MPs. Although Hichilema received 47% of the vote, Lungu was elected with 48%. In the 2021 general election , after almost 23 years in opposition, the UPND became the largest party in the National Assembly, adding 24 more seats and making
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1764-435: Was unanimously chosen as the PF's candidate for the presidential by-election at a meeting of its Central Committee on 30 August 2008. Accepting the nomination, he expressed the need "to scrub this country and wash it"; he also said that he would refrain from campaigning until after Mwanawasa's funeral. Despite his April 2008 heart attack, Sata said that he was healthy and in good condition. Sata said that he would not accept
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