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80-751: The U-18 Baseball World Cup is the 18-and-under baseball world championship sanctioned by the International Baseball Federation (IBAF) and its successor, the World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC), and was first held in 1981 in the United States. Because it is a world championship, the results of the U-18 Baseball World Cup affect the WBSC World Rankings . Several players who have participated in

160-437: A base of governance, infrastructure and services. The city was hampered by major floods in 1876 and 1885. A disastrous earthquake in 1931 and large fire in 1936 destroyed much of the city. Under the rule of Anastasio Somoza García and his family (1936–1979), the city was rebuilt and began to grow rapidly. New government buildings were erected, industry developed, and universities were established. The city's development caught

240-642: A big role in the promotion of amateur games and tournaments. On the professional level, the National Nicaraguan Football team has still not had the public support nor the international exposure as the regional counterparts like the Costa Rican, Honduran or Salvadoran teams. However, with support of the FIFA, the first national soccer stadium in Managua is under construction. In Managua there are two golf courses,

320-739: A game between two teams from the US. Following the success of Berlin, the first ever Baseball World Cup was organized in London , England, in August 1938. The United States and Great Britain engaged in five games, of which the British won four. The growth of baseball competitions involving the representation of countries, coupled with the birth of the Baseball World Cup, provided the need for an institution to help develop, organize, regulate and oversee these events, thus

400-712: A head at the 1973 FIBA Congress, where the Congress suspended Nicaragua and awarded the 1973 Amateur World Series to Cuba; Isa also refused to call for new elections. As a result, Nicaraguan, Italian, and U.S. officials withdrew from FIBA, and instead formed formed the Federación Mundial de Béisbol Amateur (World Amateur Baseball Federation), also knowns as FEMBA . Other countries to join FEMBA included Argentina, Canada, Taiwan, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Japan, South Korea, Australia, and South Africa. William "Dutch" Fehring

480-466: A rapid expansion and urbanization between 1842 and 1930, leading it to become one of the most developed cities in Central America. Several earthquakes have affected the city's growth, especially the 1931 earthquake and the 1972 earthquake , but the city has been rebuilt several times. Today, the city is a major economic hub for both the country and Central America. There are two possible origins for

560-566: A severe earthquake every 50 years or less. Managua features four smaller crater lakes or lagoons within city limits . The most centrally located is the Tiscapa Lagoon in the Tiscapa Lagoon Natural Reserve . Managua, due to its tropical climate, varied topography, rich fertile soils, and abundant rain and water sources, boasts a great variety of flora . Many different types of trees, some of which are not found elsewhere in

640-409: A sudden halt after it suffered a second major earthquake on December 23, 1972, which destroyed 90% of the city's downtown and killed more than 19,120 people. Infrastructure was severely damaged and rehabilitation or restoration of buildings was nearly impossible and at the time, Managua's limited resources had to be directed to other disaster relief purposes. Managua's ability to cope with the disaster

720-683: A white-washed naked muse , which happens to have superb acoustics. There is also the bust of Professor Josefa Toledo de Aguerri, who was an educator, philanthropist, writer, social activist, and one of the first feminists in the Americas. Also, the tomb of Carlos Fonseca , founder of the FSLN , which is guarded by an eternal flame . Across from the Central Park, on the north side, is the Rubén Darío park and monument, dedicated to Nicaragua's greatest poet and one of

800-695: A year later. The Baseball Federation of Asia (BFA) was founded in May 1954 as the second continental confederation under the umbrella of FIBA. The BFA wasted little time in organizing its first continental tournament, as it celebrated the Asian Baseball Championship in December of that same year in Manila , Philippines. The exposure of baseball to an international audience continued at the 1956 Summer Olympics , which saw approximately 114,000 spectators slowly fill

880-485: Is Nicaragua's cultural capital , boasting several restaurants, theaters, museums, and a few shopping centers. The city is also home to many communities of immigrants and ex-pats from countries including but not limited to Taiwan , China, Germany, the United States, Palestine , and Latin American countries. Managua is home to the annual Miss Nicaragua pageant; it is the national beauty pageant of Nicaragua. The pageant

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960-508: Is a large established local market system that caters to the majority of Nicaraguans. In Mercado Roberto Huembes, Mercado Oriental, Mercado Israel Lewites and other locations one can find anything from household amenities, food, clothing, electronics, construction materials, and other contracting supplies. The markets enjoy a substantial amount of popularity, as many of the backpacking, ecotourism-focused tourists and tourists on-a-budget use these markets for their supplies and souvenirs. Managua

1040-563: Is also Nicaragua's main political, social, cultural, educational and economic hub. At the same time, the city is served by the Augusto C. Sandino International Airport, the country's primary international gateway, and regional Los Brasiles airport and Punta Huete military air base, recently renewed. Managua is also home to all of the major banks of the nation, Banco de la Producción (BANPRO), BAC Credomatic , Banco de Finanzas (BDF), Banco de Crédito Centroamericano (Bancentro) and its parent company

1120-548: Is designated to promote Nicaraguan culture . The library has 67,000 books, free internet, a newspaper archive, and economic information from the Central Bank. The library also has a gallery in the same building, where notable Nicaraguan paintings, as well as pieces from new promising artists, are exhibited. In the numismatic hall there is a permanent exhibition of Nicaraguan coins, bills, and memorial medals from throughout Nicaragua's history. Cultural centers in Managua include

1200-453: Is located in west Managua in the Acahualinca neighborhood. In addition to the footprints, the museum also displays artifacts found in other localities around the country. Artifacts such as mammoth footprints, pre-Columbian tools, a skull from León Viejo , and a small collection of pottery, among other archeological objects. Tiscapa Lagoon, located within the Tiscapa Lagoon Natural Reserve

1280-511: Is no longer illegal and no longer carries a prison sentence. Baseball is by far Nicaragua's most popular sport, followed by soccer and boxing . The Dennis Martínez National Stadium is home to many baseball games of Managua's Boer team. At the time of its construction in the late 1960s, it was the most modern stadium in Central America. The baseball league has 34 teams. There has been growing amateur interest in little football or "futbolin" among teens and adults. New private courts have played

1360-426: Is one of the few buildings that survived the 1972 earthquake that destroyed 90% of Managua. Plaza de la Revolución (Revolution Square), formerly known as Plaza de la República (Republic Square) is home to Managua's historic center, located on the shores of Lake Xolotlan . The plaza has been partially rebuilt and many old buildings have been refurbished. Some of the more important buildings which managed to survive

1440-467: Is the capital and largest city of Nicaragua , and one of the largest cities in Central America . Located on the shores of Lake Managua , the city had an estimated population of 1,055,247 as of 2020, and a population of 1,401,687 in its metropolitan area . The city also serves as the seat of Managua Department . Founded in 1819, Managua became the national capital in 1852. The city underwent

1520-624: Is the official WBSC designation for the team representing the state officially referred to as the Republic of China , more commonly known as Taiwan . (See also political status of Taiwan for details.) International Baseball Federation Prior to the establishment of the WBSC, the IBAF was the sole entity recognized by the International Olympic Committee as overseeing the sport, and as

1600-489: Is traditionally held at the Rubén Darío National Theatre and has been held since 1955. Managua's most famous festival is that of its patron saint Santo Domingo de Guzmán . It starts on the morning of August 1, when the "Bajada del Santo" (walk down of the saint) involves many joyful people walking and carrying the old statue of Santo Domingo from Las Sierritas Church in south Managua to another church across

1680-783: The 1972 Nicaragua earthquake include the Catedral de Santiago (St. James' Cathedral, known colloquially as the Old Cathedral), the Rubén Darío National Theatre, and the National Palace of Culture. Within the Revolution Square is the Parque Central (Central Park) which contains many historical monuments, some dedicated to national heroes and poets. Some of these include a centrally located Art Deco gazebo crowned with

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1760-590: The 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta . In 1998, the IBAF, MLB and the Major League Baseball Players Association reached an agreement to allow the participation of professional players in international competition. The United States used a minor league selection to beat Cuba in the gold medal game at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney , Australia. Cuba regained the world title, defeating Australia for

1840-599: The 2011 edition in favor of an expanded World Baseball Classic. It was originally intended to be the sanctioning body for the Premier 12 , a new men's international tournament – featuring the twelve best-ranked national teams – that began in 2015; that tournament instead has been sanctioned by the WBSC. This event is played in the year preceding the Summer Olympics. The IBAF discontinued the Intercontinental Cup , which

1920-558: The 2020 Summer Olympics . As part of that proposal, in April 2013, the two organizations began the process of merging into a new combined federation that will govern both sports, the World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC). The merging was concluded in 2015, and WBSC managed to obtain the bid for 2020 Games on following months. The International Baseball Federation organized the following world championship tournaments before WBSC merger: The first-ever 12U Baseball World Championship

2000-724: The Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum .) Baseball as an Olympic demonstration sport was finally able to take its act to Asia at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan, where baseball was already exceptionally popular. Following the 1968 Summer Olympics , a selection of premier U.S. college players defeated the Cuba national team twice in Mexico City to win the International Amateur Baseball Tournament (though it

2080-606: The Melbourne Cricket Ground to witness Australia vs. US in a demonstration contest in Melbourne , Australia. This crowd of 114,000 was registered as a Guinness World Record for the largest attendance for any single baseball game. (The record lasted over 50 years before it was broken at a March 29, 2008 Major League Baseball exhibition game between the Boston Red Sox and Los Angeles Dodgers that drew 115,300 people to

2160-472: The Neil Armstrong Observatory was completed in Managua. About 18 percent of Nicaragua's total budget is invested in primary, secondary and higher education. University level institutions account for 6% of the 18 percent. The National Autonomous University of Nicaragua (UNAN) ( Spanish : Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua ) is the main state-funded public university of Nicaragua. UNAN

2240-550: The 1980s further devastated the city and its economy. To make matters worse, a series of natural disasters, including Hurricane Mitch in 1998, made economic recovery more difficult. After winning the presidential election in 1990, the National Opposition Union began the reconstruction of Managua in earnest. More than 300,000 Nicaraguans returned from abroad bringing their expertise and needed capital. Businesses mushroomed, new housing projects and schools were constructed,

2320-586: The 1984 Summer Olympics to Los Angeles, and Robert Smith quickly went to work, in his capacity as a member of the United States Olympic Committee , to reestablish baseball as part of the Olympic Programme. Smith reached out to the then-Los Angeles Dodgers owner, Peter O'Malley , and University of Southern California head baseball coach and subsequent College Baseball Hall of Fame inductee, Rod Dedeaux . The group organized an IBAF congress

2400-562: The Archivo Fílmico de la Cinemateca Nacional. Natural history museums include the Museo del Departamento de Malacología UCA, Museo Gemológico de la Concha y el Caracol, and Museo Paleontológico "El Hato". The Santo Domingo de Guzmán Museum is an anthropology museum. History museums include the Museo de la Revolución, Museo Casa Hacienda San Jacinto and Museo Parque Loma de Tiscapa. The Doctor Roberto Incer Barquero Library, located in Managua,

2480-947: The Centro Cultural Nicaragüense Norteamericano (CCNN) (Nicaraguan-North American Culture Center), the Centro Cultural Chino Nicaragüense ( Chinese Nicaraguan Culture Center), the Alliance Française de Managua Archived 2007-10-08 at the Wayback Machine (French Alliance of Managua), among others. Managua features many bars , nightclubs , casinos , theaters and cinemas . Compared to western prices, alcoholic beverages, theater visits and cinema tickets are relatively inexpensive. There are cinemas in all major shopping centers; screening both English- and Spanish-language films. Foreign embassies in Managua also sponsor film festivals . Since

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2560-618: The FIBA AmeriCup. The National Palace is one of Managua's oldest buildings, undamaged by the 1972 earthquake. It was commissioned by President Juan Bautista Sacasa in 1935 and built by architect Pablo Dambach, who also built the St. James Cathedral. For more than 50 years, the National Palace housed the Congress. Today, it houses the National Archive , the National Library, as well as

2640-555: The IOC vote of August 2009 kept baseball off the 2016 program, as golf and rugby were selected. In February 2011, Dr. Harvey Schiller was appointed as a member of the IOC's Women and Sport Commission. On April 1, 2011, the IBAF, under first-year President Riccardo Fraccari , and the International Softball Federation announced that they were studying how to prepare a joint proposal in order to revive play of both sports at

2720-642: The International Baseball Federation was established in 1938. It was initially headquartered in the offices of Orange Bowl Stadium in Miami , Florida . Conflicts of World War II prompted the IOC to cancel the Summer Games that had been scheduled to take place in Tokyo in 1940 and in London in 1944, thereby halting baseball's tour as a demonstration sport. Nevertheless, by 1950, FIBA was able to expand

2800-488: The Lafise Group. Several new hotels including Crowne Plaza , Best Western , InterContinental , Holiday Inn , and Hilton currently have facilities in Managua. As well as many hotels, Managua has opened four western style shopping centers or malls, such as Plaza Inter , Centro Comercial Metrocentro , Galerias Santo Domingo  [ es ] , and Multicentro Las Americas, with many more being constructed. There

2880-704: The National Museum which is open to the public. The museum features pre-Columbian paintings, statues, ceramics, etc. Also part of the exhibit is the Hall of National History and the Hall of National Symbols. The National Palace was one of the few buildings that survived the 1972 earthquake . The Rubén Darío National Theatre is Nicaragua's most important theater, and is one of the most modern theaters in Central America. Both national and international artists present shows, concerts, exhibitions, and cultural performances such as El Güegüense among many others. The National Theatre

2960-556: The Sierras, has a tropical climate with constant temperatures averaging between 28 and 32 °C (82 and 90 °F). Under Köppen's climate classification , the city has a tropical wet and dry climate ( Aw ). The city spends most of the year seeing strong heat and a bright shining sun. The temperature varies from 72 °F (22.2 °C) at night to 86 °F (30 °C) during the daytime. Temperatures are highest in March, April and May when

3040-586: The U-18 Baseball World Cup have gone on to stardom at the professional level, including Japan's Yu Darvish , USA's Clayton Kershaw , Francisco Lindor and Buster Posey , and Cuba's Yasiel Puig and Aroldis Chapman , among many others. Prior to 2010, the IBAF organized the World Junior Baseball Championship . The WBSC was created in 2013 when the IBAF merged with the International Softball Federation. Chinese Taipei

3120-647: The WBSC name, among baseball's 124 national governing bodies through its various tournaments to determine a world champion and calculate world rankings for both men's and women's baseball. Its offices are housed within the WBSC headquarters in Lausanne , Switzerland—the Olympic Capital. The first-ever international baseball event was a series of exhibition games that took place during the 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis , United States. The exhibition proved so successful that it

3200-719: The airport was expanded and modernized, streets were widened, older malls were repaired and new ones were built, and buildings were cleaned up. In 2006, after the Sandinista National Liberation Front came back into power, literacy, health and reconstruction programs were expanded. New governmental buildings, galleries, museums, apartment buildings, squares, promenades, monuments, boat tours on Lake Managua, restaurants, nighttime entertainment, and broad avenues have resurrected part of downtown Managua's former vitality. Commercial activity, however, remains low. Residential and commercial buildings have been constructed on

3280-411: The areas of electronics , computer systems and sciences , agroforestry , construction and trade -related services. The educational system includes 1 United States accredited English language university, 3 bilingual university programs , 5 bilingual secondary schools and dozens of English Language Institutes . In 2005, almost 400,000 (7%) of Nicaraguans held a university degree . In 2014,

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3360-510: The attention of Irving Fields and Albert Gamse , who composed a musical piece about the city that became popular in the 1940s through the performances of Freddy Martin , Guy Lombardo and Kay Kyser . Managua had become Central America's most developed city. Today's references differentiate the pre-1970s Managua by labeling it as La Antigua Ciudad, which in English translates to "The Ancient City" or "The Old City". Managua's progress came to

3440-534: The better-known of which is Nejapa Golf & Country Club. Managua is home to the basketball team Costa Caribe . The team reached the Final Four at the 2016 Liga Centroamericana de clubes de baloncesto . Managua is also home to the Polideportivo Alexis Argüello an indoor arena with 8,500 seat capacity. The venue will host the 2025 FIBA AmeriCup where their national team will make their debut at

3520-478: The capital of Nicaragua began in 1824, after the Central American nations formally attained their independence from Spain. Nicaragua became an independent nation in 1838. Managua's location between the rival cities of León and Granada made it a logical compromise site. Hence, Managua was officially selected as the nation's capital in 1852. Between 1852 and 1930, Managua underwent extensive urbanization, becoming

3600-496: The city center, earthquake victims found refuge in the outskirts of the city. To add insult to injury, corruption within the Somoza regime which allocated part of the relief funds hindered the reconstruction of the city's center which remains somewhat isolated from the rest of the capital. The Nicaraguan Revolution of 1979 to overthrow the Somoza regime and the 11-year-long Contra War of

3680-509: The city to the north, in the area destroyed by the 1972 earthquake. It remains here for ten days until the morning of August 10, when the "Subida del Santo" (walking up of the saint) returns the statue to Las Sierritas Church where it remains for the rest of the year. Thousands of people attend this event which involves dancing, eating, drinking and the marching of musical bands, mainly for traditions that date back to pre-colonial times, or to ask for personal miracles, make promises, or give thanks to

3760-554: The designated organizer and promoter of major international tournaments like the Baseball World Cup (originally the Amateur World Series) and the Intercontinental Cup . It also organized the inaugural World Baseball Classic (WBC), in cooperation with Major League Baseball , in 2006. One of its principal responsibilities as the WBSC's umbrella is to organize, standardize and sanction international competitions, using

3840-549: The following year in Los Angeles in order to establish an Olympic Baseball Committee. Through these efforts, baseball was again categorized as a demonstration sport and an eight-team tournament was organized at Dodger Stadium , as part of the official Summer Olympic Programme. The present IBAF President, Riccardo Fraccari, was the head umpire of the championship game. A third branch of the IBAF continental confederations formed in 1985. The Pan American Baseball Confederation (COPABE)

3920-592: The format of the Baseball World Cup that was contested in Managua, Nicaragua , to 12 participating countries. In 1951, the Pan American Games were established and baseball was on the official program from the onset. In April 1953, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy and Spain came together to establish what is now known as the Confederation of European Baseball and organized the first ever European Baseball Championship

4000-403: The gold medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens , Greece. On July 7, 2005, the IOC Session voted to remove baseball and softball from the 2012 Summer Olympics program. Baseball made its last Olympic appearance and Korea took the gold medal at the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics . The IBAF, under President Harvey Schiller , attempted to reinstate baseball onto the Olympic Programme, but

4080-499: The greatest in the country. There is also a park dedicated to the Guatemalan writer Miguel Ángel Asturias . Other monuments include the monument of El Guerrillero sin Nombre (The Nameless Guerrilla Soldier) and Monumento à la Paz (Monument for Peace). Managua is also home to Museo Sitio Huellas de Acahualinca (the Museum of Acahualinca), where the Ancient footprints of Acahualinca , fossilized Paleo American footprints made 2,100 years ago, are engraved in volcanic ash. The museum

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4160-427: The late 1990s and early 2000, many casinos and karaoke bars opened and have remained popular attractions for Nicaraguans and foreign visitors. Popular music includes the Palo de Mayo , Merengue , Cumbia and Latin pop among other Latin music genres, as well as American pop and rock . Salsa dancing is a national pastime. Managua boasts a vibrant night life. Nightclubs and bars are abound in Managua, particularly, in

4240-427: The march of the Carnival Queen. During the Santo Domingo festival some people cover themselves in a mix of grease and motor oil to pay promises to the saints while others wear masks and costumes. The National Library holds a great amount of volumes and affords abundant bibliographic information about the discovery and independence of Nicaragua . The National Palace of Culture has an exhibition of Nicaraguan art from

4320-403: The most influential literary figures of the Spanish-speaking world. It is a neo-classical monument which consists of a round pedestal, topped by a balustrade surrounding a fountain containing a gondola filled with singing cherubs , and at the center, a pillar topped with a statue of Darío dressed in a Roman tunic protected by an angel. Constructed of Carrara marble , Darío's monument is one of

4400-535: The name "Managua". It may have originated from the term Mana-ahuac , which in the Nahuatl language translates to "adjacent to the water" or site "surrounded by water". Or, it may have come from the Mangue language , where the word managua was said to mean "place of the big man" or "chief". Residents of the city are called managuas , managüenses , or capitalinos . Nicaragua was inhabited by Paleo-Indians as far back as 12,000 BC. The ancient footprints of Acahualinca are 2,100-year-old fossils discovered along

4480-435: The nation's prestigious universities and higher education institutions based there. In 2007, after a successful literacy campaign , Managua was declared by the Mayor of Managua and the Sandinista party newspaper to be the first capital city in Central America to be rid of illiteracy . Nicaragua's higher education system consists of 48 universities and 113 colleges , vocational and technical institutes which serve students in

4560-447: The old city center and the rest of the mainland. Managua is located on the southern shores of Lake Managua , also known as Lake Xolotlán. Lake Managua contains the same fish species as larger Lake Cocibolca in southeastern Nicaragua, except for the freshwater sharks found exclusively in the latter. Once a Managuan scenic highlight, the lake has been polluted from the dumping of chemical and waste water since 1927. A new sewer system and

4640-500: The outskirts of the city, in the same locales that were once used as refugee camps for those who were homeless after the earthquake. These booming locales have been of concern to the government because of their close proximity to Lake Managua. The construction of a new sewer system and the redirecting of waste water to a new water treatment plant at Las Mercedes in Eastern Managua in May 2009 relieved old concerns over water pollution and native wildlife, and brought some residents closer to

4720-425: The popular areas called "Zona Viva" located in the shopping mall "Galerías Santo Domingo", as well as very close by "Plaza Mi Viejo Santo Domingo" and "Plaza Familiar". Other popular areas are "Zona Hippos" behind the Hilton hotel near Metrocentro and "Zona Rosa". Although promoting or practicing homosexuality was illegal in Nicaragua, there is a modest gay social scene in Managua. As of March 2008, homosexuality

4800-399: The redirecting of waste water to a new waste water treatment plant at Las Mercedes funded by the German government to decontaminate the lake was expected to be the largest in Central America and was inaugurated in 2009. These works of progress have relieved old concerns over water pollution and the endangering of native wildlife have brought some residents closer to the old city center and

4880-474: The rest of the mainland. Managua's city area extends about 544 square kilometers (210 square miles), essentially south from the south shore of Lake Managua. The lakeshore is at an altitude of 55 meters (180 feet) above sea level , and the city climbs as it gets towards the Sierras de Managua further south where it is over 700 meters (2,297 feet) above sea level. Geologically, the city lies on fault lines, thus seismologists predict that Managua will experience

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4960-408: The saint. During the parade many people dress up in typical costumes, masks and painted bodies. Another festival taking place since 2003 is the Alegria por la Vida (Happiness for Life) Carnaval is celebrated in Managua at the beginning of the month of March. There is a different slogan or theme every year. This event is celebrated with parades , floats , live music, food and dancing as well as

5040-452: The shores of Lake Managua . Other archeological evidence, mainly in the form of ceramics and statues made of volcanic stone, like the ones found on the island of Zapatera , and petroglyphs found on Ometepe island, contribute to the increasing knowledge of Nicaragua's ancient history. Founded as a pre-Columbian fishing town, the city was incorporated in 1819 and given the name Leal Villa de Santiago de Managua . Efforts to make Managua

5120-401: The sun lies directly overhead and the summer rainfall has yet to begin. As stated before Managua only has two seasons, the dry and the rainy. The rainy season occurs between mid-May and mid-November, while the dry-season occurs between mid-November and the middle or end of May. During the dry season the countryside gets dull and even dusty. Managua is the national education center, with most of

5200-421: The time previous to its independence. Inside the National Palace of Culture is the National Museum, containing archeological finds with some examples of pre-Columbian pottery, statues, and other findings. Managua is home to an array of art galleries which feature pieces by both national and international artists. Managua is home to many types of museums, some art museums include the Julio Cortázar Museum and

5280-684: The top ten international business schools by The Wall Street Journal in 2006. Managua is the economic center and a generator of services for the majority of the nation. The city, with a population exceeding one million inhabitants, houses many large national and international businesses. It is home to many factories which produce diverse products. Multinational companies such as Wal-Mart , Telefonica , Union Fenosa , and Parmalat have offices and operations in Managua. The city's chief products include beer, coffee, pharmaceuticals, textiles, shoes, matches, construction products, etc. The main trading products are beef, coffee, cotton, and other crops. Managua

5360-403: The world, appear, including chilamate s, ceibo s, pochote s, genízaro s, tigüilote s, royal palms , piñuela s and madroño s (Nicaragua's national tree ) surround the city. During the rainy season (May to November), Managua becomes a lush city due to many palms , bushes , and other plants and trees which dominate the city's appearance. Managua, like much of Western Nicaragua, except for

5440-453: Was also limited. Surviving fire squadrons and ambulance companies were not able to handle the skyrocketing demand for their services. Some buildings burned to the ground, while the foundations of others simply gave way. Not able to rebuild quickly, the city directed emergency workers to clear away much of the city's ruins quickly while burying the deceased in mass graves. Residences, government buildings and entire avenues were demolished. Escaping

5520-507: Was an invitational event and last held in 2010. The IBAF comprises five continental confederations that currently represent a total of 127 national member federations. (*) Aldo Notari died during the period as the president, thus the first vice president, Tom Peng of Taiwan, served as acting president from July 2006 to 2007. See also: Baseball awards of the International Baseball Fedederation (IBAF) Managua, Nicaragua Managua ( Spanish pronunciation: [maˈnaɣwa] )

5600-411: Was elected president, and Carlos García Solórzano vice president. The Caribbean federations — Venezuela, Panama, Puerto Rico, Mexico, Cuba, and the Dutch Antilles — remained with FIBA. The Baseball Federation of Cuba characterized the division as driven by Cold War political tensions. However, this was denied by Roger Panaye, president of the European Amateur Baseball Confederation (CEBA): FIBA

5680-407: Was established in 1812 in the city of León and its main campus is located in Managua. By government decree in 1983 the campus of the National Autonomous University of Nicaragua in León and Managua, became two separate entities; UNAN and UNAN-León . The Polytechnic University of Nicaragua (UPOLI) ( Spanish : Universidad Politécnica de Nicaragua ) is a university located in Managua, Nicaragua. It

5760-528: Was finally established after it was deemed necessary due to the strong expansion and increase of the national member federations stemming from the Olympic Baseball Committee campaign. In 1986, a historic IOC vote put baseball onto the Olympic Programme as a medal sport for the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona , Spain. Baseball would travel to Seoul , Korea, for the 1988 Summer Olympics . This

5840-478: Was founded in 1967. The INCAE Business School ( Spanish : Instituto Centroamericano de Administración de Empresas, INCAE ) is a private business school . INCAE was founded in 1964 with the support of the United States government and other Central American countries. According to a study done by América Economía INCAE ranked as the number one business school in Latin America in 2004 and 2005 and ranked in

5920-569: Was given an encore at the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm , Sweden. The two popular showings in St. Louis and Stockholm laid the groundwork for baseball's international surge in popularity, leading the sport to be placed onto the program as an exhibition sport at the 1936 Summer Olympics . This exhibition was extremely well received as 92,565 spectators filled the Olympic Stadium in Berlin to watch

6000-477: Was never more than a Caribbean affair with Cuba as chief spokesman. When a couple of years ago, many federations joined FIBA in order to have baseball recognised as an Olympic sport, nothing was done to make FIBA a real World Federation. On the contrary, the Caribbean FIBA leaders kept to their policy of dominating the others and administration was almost non-existent. Under FEMBA, the first Intercontinental Cup

6080-658: Was not officially a demonstration sport). Juan Isa expanded FIBA's reach to include Europe, inviting the Netherlands and Italy to the Amateur World Series for the first time in 1970 . Isa's tenure as president was controversial. Some federations felt that power had been concentrated in the hands of the Latin American federations for too long, to the detriment of federations in Europe and North America. Tensions came to

6160-507: Was organized in 1973 ; another would follow in 1975. FEMBA also organized its own 1973 Amateur World Series in Nicaragua , to compete with the one being held by FIBA in Cuba. Fehring, with the backing of MLB Commissioner Bowie Kuhn , pushed International Olympic Committee head Lord Killanin to include baseball at the Olympics. However, Killanin told him it would not occur as long as baseball

6240-514: Was played in Taipei from July 8 to 17, 2011. Taiwan won the first title. In addition, the IBAF is the sanctioning body for the World Baseball Classic , which is hosted by Major League Baseball and the Major League Baseball Players Association and held every four years in the year after the Summer Olympics. The IBAF abandoned its former world championship, the Baseball World Cup , after

6320-410: Was represented by two different organizations. The FEMBA-FIBA split was resolved in 1976 thanks to the mediation of Mexican Olympic Committee president Mario Vázquez Raña ; FIBA was reorganized as AINBA (Spanish: Asociación Internacional de Béisbol Amateur ), with Manuel González Guerra elected president and Carlos García Solórzano vice president. In 1978, the IOC awarded the hosting rights of

6400-575: Was the final time the IBAF, in conjunction with the IOC, would organize baseball as a demonstration (not medal) sport at the Olympics. In 1989, the Baseball Confederation of Oceania (BCO) was established as the 4th branch of the IBAF. The African Baseball and Softball Association (ABSA) was formed in Lagos , Nigeria soon after, in June 1990. Baseball was played up in a traditional amateur format up until

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