119-578: Tulare ( / t ʊ ˈ l ɛər i / tuu- LAIR -ee ) is a city in Tulare County, California , United States. The population was 68,875 per the 2020 census . It is located in the heart of the San Joaquin Valley , 8 mi (13 km) south of Visalia and 60 mi (97 km) north of Bakersfield . The city is named after the Tulare Lake , once the largest freshwater lake west of
238-594: A Rail trail . Tulare's Greyhound bus depot offers frequent packages and personnel service to all points in the west. The local Tulare InterModal Express offers a "fixed route" schedule in the city, as well as a Dial-A-Ride service. Tulare County Area Transit connects Tulare and Delano . In December 2010 the City of Tulare was recognized with an honorable mention by the California Sustainability Alliance's Sustainability Showcase Awards. The honor commends
357-513: A Japanese heritage. An important annual festival for Japanese Americans is the Obon Festival , which happens in July or August of each year. Across the country, Japanese Americans gather on fair grounds, churches and large civic parking lots and commemorate the memory of their ancestors and their families through folk dances and food. Carnival booths are usually set up so Japanese American children have
476-648: A college degree. A Japanese school opened in Hawaii in 1893 and other Japanese schools for temporary settlers in North America followed. In the years prior to World War II, many second generation Japanese American attended the American school by day and the Japanese school in the evening to keep up their Japanese skill as well as English. Other first generation Japanese American parents were worried that their child might go through
595-445: A household in the county was $ 33,983, and the median income for a family was $ 36,297. Males had a median income of $ 30,892 versus $ 24,589 for females. The per capita income for the county was $ 14,006. About 18.8% of families and 23.9% of the population were below the poverty line , including 32.6% of those under age 18 and 10.5% of those age 65 or over. The United States Office of Management and Budget has designated Tulare County as
714-400: A majority in the county was Lyndon Johnson in 1964 . In the 2016 presidential election , Republican candidate and overall winner, Donald Trump , won Tulare by a 9.39% margin of victory, the closest margin of victory for a Republican in the county since Richard Nixon 's 8.37% margin in 1960 . The Republican advantage narrowed further in the 2020 presidential election when Donald Trump won
833-576: A mini shopping complex. The 1990 census recorded 2,385 Japanese Americans in Oklahoma. Historically, they lived in Oklahoma City , Tulsa , Bartlesville , and Ponca City and none were interned during World War II. Rhode Island is the only state celebrating Victory Over Japan Day (V-J Day) as a holiday. Every year, the holiday is observed on the second Monday in August. It has been claimed that this holiday
952-477: A population of 442,179. The racial makeup of Tulare County was 265,618 (60.1%) White , 7,196 (1.6%) African American , 6,993 (1.6%) Native American , 15,176 (3.4%) Asian , 509 (0.1%) Pacific Islander , 128,263 (29.0%) from other races , and 18,424 (4.2%) from two or more races. There were 268,065 people (60.6%) of Hispanic or Latino origin, of any race. As of the census of 2000, there were 368,021 people, 110,385 households, and 87,093 families residing in
1071-458: A pre-modern Japanese rite of passage to old age at 60, is now being celebrated by increasing numbers of Japanese American Nisei. Rituals are enactments of shared meanings, norms, and values; and this traditional Japanese rite of passage highlights a collective response among the Nisei to the conventional dilemmas of growing older. Issei and many nisei speak Japanese in addition to English as
1190-507: A presidio with 100 soldiers at Bubal to control the resistance, but that never came to pass. The Spanish called the natives of the area Tulareños, and before 1816 and after 1834, they were incorporated into Mission San Miguel and Mission San Luis Obispo. After Mexico achieved independence, it continued to rule California. After the Mexican Cession and the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848,
1309-409: A second language. In general, later generations of Japanese Americans speak English as their first language, though some do learn Japanese later as a second language. In Hawaii however, where Nikkei are about one-fifth of the whole population, Japanese is a major language, spoken and studied by many of the state's residents across ethnicities. It is taught in private Japanese language schools as early as
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#17328761480961428-550: A single redevelopment project. The Tule Vista Housing Development received the first place American Planning Association 2011 Central Section Outstanding Planning Project award, as well as the 2011 Award of Excellence from the California State Chapter of the American Planning Association. The two awards also went to Pacific West Communities and Tulare County Housing Authority, who worked in conjunction with
1547-424: A strong desire to enter the rigors of higher education. In 1966, sociologist William Petersen (who coined the term "Model Minority") wrote that Japanese Americans "have established this remarkable record, moreover, by their own almost totally unaided effort. Every attempt to hamper their progress resulted only in enhancing their determination to succeed." The 2000 census reported that 40.8% of Japanese Americans held
1666-650: Is Alpine Vista, opened in the 2013–14 school year. There is also a private K-8 school called St. Aloysius. There are also five K-8 country schools: Buena Vista, Oak Valley, Palo Verde, Waukena and Sundale. Secondary education in Tulare is provided by the Tulare Joint Union High School District. The district operates five high schools in the city: Tulare Union , Tulare Western , Mission Oak , Tech Prep, and Sierra Vista. Tulare students have two local area community colleges from which to choose: College of
1785-725: Is a Japanese School of Language in Medford. Another, the Amherst Japanese Language School, is in South Hadley, in the 5-college area of the western part of the state. Most Japanese Americans in the state live in Greater Boston, with a high concentration in the town of Brookline. Porter Square, Cambridge has a Japanese-cultural district and shopping plaza. As of April 2013, the largest Japanese national population in Michigan
1904-589: Is a general law county under the California Constitution . That is, it does not have a county charter. The county is governed by a five-member Board of Supervisors. Supervisors are elected by districts for four-year terms. There are no term limits in effect. The chairman and vice-chairman are elected annually by the Board of Supervisors from among its members. The Tulare County Sheriff provides court protection, county jail operation, patrol and detective functions in
2023-459: Is a very convenient location, and Japanese people in the business environment know it's a nice location surrounding O'Hare airport ." The Chicago Futabakai Japanese School is located in Arlington Heights. The Mitsuwa Marketplace , a shopping center owned by Japanese, opened around 1981. Many Japanese companies have their US headquarters in nearby Hoffman Estates and Schaumburg . There
2142-844: Is also the Japanese Language School of Greater Hartford , located in Hartford, Connecticut . The Seigakuin Atlanta International School is located in Peachtree Corners in Greater Atlanta . As of 2011 there is a Japanese community in Arlington Heights , near Chicago . Jay Shimotake, the president of the Mid America Japanese Club, an organization located in Arlington Heights, said "Arlington Heights
2261-575: Is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease, which is due mainly to increased CHD risks in Japanese American men with the D442G mutation and lipoprotein cholesterol levels between 41 and 60 mg/dl. With research and investigations, the possibility of finding "bad genes" denounces the Japanese Americans and will be associated only with Japanese American ancestry, leading to other issues
2380-575: Is available from: Fresno (1 hr), Bakersfield (1 hr. 15 min.), as well as limited commercial service available from Visalia (15 min) and Porterville (40 min). Tulare is located on the main line of the Union Pacific Railroad. Tulare was formerly a station stop on the Visalia District of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway . The rail line has since been removed and converted into
2499-466: Is due to the effects of Japanese Americans having a more westernized lifestyle due to the many differences between the United States of America and Japan. One of the main goals of the study was to create an archive of DNA samples which could be used to identify which diseases are more susceptible in Japanese Americans. Concerns with these studies of the risks of inherited diseases in Japanese Americans
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#17328761480962618-675: Is in California's 20th congressional district , represented by Republican Vince Fong , and California's 22nd congressional district , represented by Republican David Valadao . The Tulare City School District operates 10 elementary schools, five middle schools, and two k-8 schools in Tulare. The ten elementary schools are Cypress, Heritage, Garden, Kohn, Lincoln, Maple, Mission Valley, Pleasant, Roosevelt, and Wilson. Lincoln, Maple, and Kohn Elementary also have Title I preschools. The five middle schools are Cherry Avenue, Live Oak, Los Tules, Mulcahy, and Community Day School. The K-8 school
2737-579: Is in Novi , with 2,666 Japanese residents, and the next largest populations are respectively in Ann Arbor , West Bloomfield Township , Farmington Hills , and Battle Creek . The state has 481 Japanese employment facilities providing 35,554 local jobs. 391 of them are in Southeast Michigan, providing 20,816 jobs, and the 90 in other regions in the state provide 14,738 jobs. The Japanese Direct Investment Survey of
2856-597: Is in a rain shadow and receives under two inches of precipitation annually. And usually just falls during one or two evenings. Because the Central Valley is the second hottest area in the state behind the Mojave Desert, the ambient temperatures are 80 or above for 11 months out of the year. Tulare consistently suffers from year round air pollution and air quality that is among the worst in the United States because of both geographic conditions (hemmed in valley, weak winds) and
2975-540: Is in the heart of the Central Valley. Although the foothills of the Sierra Nevada are only about 20 miles east of town, they are seldom visible due to the chronically poor air quality and very high levels of airborne particulate matter, soot, and other pollution. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 21.0 square miles (54 km), of which 20.9 square miles (54 km)
3094-439: Is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km) (0.41%) is water. The climate of this agricultural community is varied, with cool and damp winters with a mean temperature of 45 degrees, but very hot dry summers, with a mean temperatures of 95 to 110 degrees for about ten months out of the year. The mean average rainfall was 10 inches prior to the drought that began in 2012 and remains ongoing as of September 2018. As of 2024, Tulare
3213-408: Is land and 14 square miles (36 km ), or 0.3%, is water. Sequoia National Park is a national park in the southern Sierra Nevada , east of Visalia . It was established in 1890 as the second U.S. national park, after Yellowstone . The park spans 404,051 acres (1,635.14 km ). Encompassing a vertical relief of nearly 13,000 feet (3,962 m), the park contains among its natural resources
3332-645: Is located in Tulare. Tulare is the home of the Tulare County Fair, held since 1915. Tulare is also home to the internationally known World Ag Expo , held annually at the International Agri-Center. Since 1968, the three-day event in February is the largest annual agricultural exposition in the world. Over 100,000 people from throughout the world visit the Expo annually. The Mayor and Vice-Mayor are selected by
3451-689: Is located in southeastern Colorado. Colorado is also home to several rural farms, many multi-generational dating back to the end of World War II , owned by people of Japanese ancestry. Two supplementary Japanese language schools are located in Connecticut, each educating the local Japanese population. The Japanese School of New York is located in Greenwich, Connecticut in Greater New York City ; it had formerly been located in New York City . There
3570-506: Is located in the county, as is part of Kings Canyon National Park , in its northeast corner (shared with Fresno County ), and part of Mount Whitney , on its eastern border (shared with Inyo County ). As of the 2020 census , the population was 473,117, up from 442,179 at the 2010 census . The land was occupied for thousands of years by the Yokuts . Beginning in the eighteenth century, Spain established missions to colonize California and convert
3689-487: Is near New York City . It is a Shiritsu zaigai kyōiku shisetsu . There are also supplementary Japanese educational institutions ( hoshū jugyō kō ) that hold Japanese classes on weekends. They are located in several US cities. The supplementary schools target Japanese nationals and second-generation Japanese Americans living in the United States. There are also Japanese heritage schools for third generation and beyond Japanese Americans. Rachel Endo of Hamline University ,
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3808-726: Is racially-based and negatively affects Japanese American citizens in RI and other states in the U.S., ignoring traumas caused by the history of the internment camp and deaths of between 129,000 and 226,000 civilians and lasting radiation poisoning due to the atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. It is reported that in Rhode Island, some Japanese "are uncomfortable leaving their homes on Victory Day because they fear violence." There are about 5,500 Japanese Americans in Northern Virginia , representing
3927-483: Is that information pertaining to the genetic relationship may not be consistent with the reported biological family information given of Nisei second generation pro-bands. Also, research has been put on concerning apolipoprotein E genotypes; this polymorphism has three alleles (*e2, *e3, and *e4) and was determined from research because of its known association with increased cholesterol levels and risk of coronary heart disease in Japanese Americans. Specifically too,
4046-529: Is the largest concentration of Japanese Americans in the state. The New Jersey Japanese School is located in Oakland . Paramus Catholic High School hosts a weekend Japanese school , and Englewood Cliffs has a Japanese school . Other smaller Japanese American populations are also located in the remainder of Bergen County and other parts of the state. Mitsuwa Marketplace has a location in Edgewater that also houses
4165-589: Is the primary impetus for immigration. During World War II , an estimated 120,000 Japanese Americans and Japanese nationals or citizens residing on the West Coast of the United States were forcibly interned in ten different camps across the Western United States . The internment was based on the race or ancestry, rather than the activities of the interned. Families, including children, were interned together. and 5,000 were able to "voluntarily" relocate outside
4284-529: The 2008 US presidential election , the National Asian American Survey found that Japanese Americans favored Democrat Barack Obama by a 62% to 16% margin over Republican John McCain , while 22% were still undecided. In the 2012 presidential election , a majority of Japanese Americans (70%) voted for Barack Obama. In the 2016 presidential election, majority of Japanese Americans (74%) voted for Hillary Clinton . In pre-election surveys for
4403-505: The 2020 presidential election , 61% to 72% of Japanese Americans planned to vote for Joe Biden . Circa 2016, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Japan) calculated that people of Japanese ancestry operated about 10% of the Japanese restaurants in the United States; this was because salaries were relatively high in Japan and few cooks of Japanese cuisine had motivations to move to
4522-741: The Consulate-General of Japan, Detroit stated that over 2,208 more Japanese residents were employed in the State of Michigan as of October 1, 2012, than had been in 2011. Many Japanese Americans in Missouri live in the St. Louis area and are the descendants of those who were previously interned in camps such as one in Arkansas. As of March 2011 about 2,500 Japanese Americans combined live in Edgewater and Fort Lee ; this
4641-513: The Great Lakes . The English name Tulare derives ultimately from Classical Nahuatl tōllin , "sedge" or "reeds", by way of Spanish tule , which also exists in English as a loanword. The name is cognate with Tula , Tultepec , and Tultitlán de Mariano Escobedo . The Yokuts people built reed boats and fished in what was later to be called Tulare Lake in their homeland for centuries, until
4760-575: The Great Lakes . Drained for agricultural development, the site is now in Kings County , which was created in 1893 from the western portion of the formerly larger Tulare County. Tulare County comprises the Visalia- Porterville , CA Metropolitan Statistical Area . The county is located south of Fresno , spanning from the San Joaquin Valley east to the Sierra Nevada . Sequoia National Park
4879-513: The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 ended 40 years of bans against immigration from Japan and other countries. In the last few decades, immigration from Japan has been more like that from Europe . The numbers involve on average 5 to 10 thousand per year, and is similar to the amount of immigration to the US from Germany. This is in stark contrast to the rest of Asia, where better opportunity of life
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4998-510: The Japanese Ministry of Education or MEXT) were full-time Japanese schools that were formerly in existence. Religious makeup of Japanese-Americans (2012) Japanese Americans practice a wide range of religions, including Mahayana Buddhism ( Jōdo Shinshū , Jōdo-shū , Nichiren , Shingon , and Zen forms), Shinto , and Christianity (usually Protestant or Catholic , being their majority faith as per recent data). In many ways, due to
5117-559: The Japanese numbers corresponding to the generation with the Japanese word for generation ( sei 世). The Japanese American communities have themselves distinguished their members with terms like Issei , Nisei , and Sansei , which describe the first, second, and third generations of immigrants. The fourth generation is called Yonsei (四世), and the fifth is called Gosei (五世). The term Nikkei (日系) encompasses Japanese immigrants in all countries and of all generations. The kanreki (還暦),
5236-632: The Naval Vessel Register in 2014. When Japanese Americans returned from internment, many settled in neighborhoods where they set up their own community centers in order to feel accepted. Today, many have been renamed cultural centers and focus on the sharing of Japanese culture with local community members, especially in the sponsorship of Obon festivals. The city of Torrance in Greater Los Angeles has headquarters of Japanese automakers and offices of other Japanese companies. Because of
5355-646: The Washington metropolitan area . After the Territory of Hawaiʻi 's statehood in 1959, Japanese American political empowerment took a step forward with the election of Daniel K. Inouye to Congress. Spark Matsunaga was elected to the US House of Representatives in 1963, and in 1965, Patsy Mink became the first Asian American woman elected to the United States Congress. Inouye, Matsunaga, and Mink's success led to
5474-827: The internment of Japanese Americans in World War II many Japanese schools were closed. After the war many Japanese schools reopened. There are primary school-junior high school Japanese international schools within the United States. Some are classified as nihonjin gakkō or Japanese international schools operated by Japanese associations, and some are classified as Shiritsu zaigai kyōiku shisetsu ( 私立在外教育施設 ) or overseas branches of Japanese private schools. They are: Seigakuin Atlanta International School , Chicago Futabakai Japanese School , Japanese School of Guam , Nishiyamato Academy of California near Los Angeles , Japanese School of New Jersey , and New York Japanese School . A boarding senior high school, Keio Academy of New York ,
5593-700: The "fundamental violations of the basic civil liberties and constitutional rights" of the internment. Many Japanese Americans consider the term internment camp a euphemism and prefer to refer to the forced relocation of Japanese Americans as imprisonment in concentration camps. Webster's New World Fourth College Edition defines a concentration camp: "A prison camp in which political dissidents, members of minority ethnic groups, etc. are confined." The nomenclature for each of their generations who are citizens or long-term residents of countries other than Japan, used by Japanese Americans and other nationals of Japanese descent are explained here; they are formed by combining one of
5712-437: The 20th century. According to the city's 2023 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report, the top employers in the city are: The backbone of Tulare's economy continues to be its agricultural and dairy industry. Tulare is responsible for a significant part of Tulare County's 342,600 dairy cows, which produce more than 8.9 billion pounds of milk each year. The nation's largest single-site dairy complex, operated by Land O'Lakes ,
5831-544: The American Indians to Christianity. Comandante Pedro Fages , while hunting for deserters in the Central Valley in 1772, discovered a great lake surrounded by marshes and filled with rushes ; he named it Los Tules (the tules). It is from this lake that the county derives its name. The root of the name Tulare is found in the Nahuatl word tullin , designating cattail or similar reeds. In 1805, 1806 and again in 1816,
5950-504: The Japanese Americans had to deal with in the past such as discrimination and prejudice. In the early 1900s, Japanese Americans established fishing communities on Terminal Island and in San Diego . By 1923, there were two thousand Japanese fishermen sailing out of Los Angeles Harbor . By the 1930s, legislation was passed that attempted to limit Japanese fishermen. Still, areas such as San Francisco's Japantown managed to thrive. Due to
6069-828: The Presbyterians have long been active. The First Japanese Presbyterian Church of San Francisco opened in 1885. Los Angeles Holiness Church was founded by six Japanese men and women in 1921. There is also the Japanese Evangelical Missionary Society (JEMS) formed in the 1950s. It operates Asian American Christian Fellowships (AACF) programs on university campuses, especially in California. The Japanese language ministries are fondly known as "Nichigo" in Japanese American Christian communities. The newest trend includes Asian American members who do not have
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#17328761480966188-626: The Sequoias in Tulare, and College of the Sequoias in nearby Visalia. College of the Sequoias new Tulare Center for Agriculture and Technology campus, located on East Bardsley Ave in Tulare, opened in 2013. The Tulare Center is forecast to be a full 10,000 student college by 2040. Tulare is located on California's central corridor, State Route 99 . State Routes 63 and 137 also serve the city. The City of Tulare owns and operates their own municipal airport, Mefford Field , which has an asphalt runway of 3,914 feet. 60 private planes are currently based there. National/international commercial air service
6307-408: The Spanish out of Mission San Luis Obispo explored Lake Tulare. Bubal was a native village located on the Western side of Lake Tulare. In 1816, Fr. Luis Martinez of Mission San Luis Obispo arrived at Bubal with soldiers and armed Christian Northern Chumash pressuring the people to send their children for baptism at his mission on the coast. Conflict broke out, and Martinez's party burned Bubal to
6426-610: The Tulare Assembly Center were sent to the Gila River War Relocation Center in Arizona. These temporary sites were largely located on fairgrounds or race tracks in completely public and visible locations. Tulare was the site of the National Championships for the Decathlon in Track and Field in 1949, 1950, 1952, and 1962, as well as the Olympic Trials for the Decathlon in 1952. Tulare is located at 36°12′24″N 119°20′33″W / 36.20667°N 119.34250°W / 36.20667; -119.34250 (36.206601, −119.342404). Located directly between Fresno and Bakersfield, Tulare
6545-423: The Tulare Redevelopment Agency on the project. Tulare's sister cities are: Tulare County, California Tulare County ( / t ʊ ˈ l ɛər i / tuu- LAIR -ee ) is a county located in the U.S. state of California . As of the 2020 census , the population was 473,117. The county seat is Visalia . The county is named for Tulare Lake , once the largest freshwater lake west of
6664-430: The United States. This generation, the Nisei , became a distinct cohort from the Issei generation in terms of age, citizenship, and English-language ability, in addition to the usual generational differences. Institutional and interpersonal racism led many of the Nisei to marry other Nisei, resulting in a third distinct generation of Japanese Americans, the Sansei . Significant Japanese immigration did not occur again until
6783-542: The United States. This meant Americans and immigrants of other ethnic origins, including Chinese Americans , opened restaurants serving Japanese style cuisine. Studies have looked into the risk factors that are more prone to Japanese Americans, specifically in hundreds of family generations of Nisei ( The generation of people born in North America, Philippines, Latin America, Hawaii, or any country outside Japan either to at least one Issei or one non-immigrant Japanese parent) second-generation pro-bands ( A person serving as
6902-399: The Visalia-Porterville, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area. The United States Census Bureau ranked the Visalia-Porterville, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area as the 111th most populous metropolitan statistical area of the United States as of July 1, 2012. The Office of Management and Budget has further designated the Visalia-Porterville, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area as a component of
7021-441: The abundance of Japanese restaurants and other cultural offerings are in the city, and Willy Blackmore of L.A. Weekly wrote that Torrance was "essentially Japan's 48th prefecture ". From the early 20th century, Japanese immigrants to the state often came from rural parts of Japan and the "prosperous Aichi Prefecture ". There were roughly 11,000 people of Japanese heritage in Colorado as of 2005. The history up until 2005
7140-430: The age of 18 living with them, 52.5% were married couples living together, 15.2% had a male householder with no spouse present, 24.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 20.8% were non-families, and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.20 and the average family size was 3.57. There were 150,652 household units, and 141,987 occupied housing units in
7259-431: The apolipoprotein *e4 allele is linked to Alzheimer's disease as well. Also, there is increased coronary heart disease in Japanese American men with a mutation in the cholesterol ester transfer protein gene despite having increased levels of HDL. By definition, HDL are plasma high density lipoproteins that show a genetic relationship with coronary heart disease (CHD). The cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) helps
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#17328761480967378-449: The area became part of the United States. Tulare County was soon formed from parts of Mariposa County only four years later in 1852. There were two early attempts to split off a new Buena Vista County in 1855 and Coso County in 1864, but both failed. Parts of the county's territory were given to Fresno County in 1856, to Kern County and Inyo County in 1866 and to Kings County in 1893. The infectious disease Tularemia caused by
7497-439: The author of "Realities, Rewards, and Risks of Heritage-Language Education: Perspectives from Japanese Immigrant Parents in a Midwestern Community," wrote that the heritage schools "generally emphasize learning about Japanese American historical experiences and Japanese culture in more loosely defined terms". Tennessee Meiji Gakuin High School ( shiritsu zaigai kyōiku shisetsu ) and International Bilingual School (unapproved by
7616-424: The bacterium Francisella tularensis is named after Tulare County. In 1908 Colonel Allen Allensworth and associates founded the town of Allensworth as a black farming community. They intended to develop a place where African Americans could thrive free of white discrimination. It was the only community in California founded, financed and governed by African Americans. While its first years were highly successful,
7735-415: The baseball Visalia Rawhide of the class-A level California League (an affiliate to the Arizona Diamondbacks ), two teams of the Minor League Football Association in Tulare and Visalia, and four teams of the Central California Basketball League based in Porterville, attract many residents and add to the amenities in the county. According to the county's 2020 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report ,
7854-418: The bonds were paid off early, they celebrated by having a bond-burning celebration. Once the water system was established, Tulare burgeoned, becoming a center for farming and agriculture because of its central location. In 1912, Hulett C. Merritt founded Tagus Ranch , which at 7,000 acres (2,800 ha) was the largest fruit ranch in the world. Until its close, Tagus Ranch produce was known the world over, and
7973-416: The city for its commitment to sustainability through extensive building retrofits, residential solar programs and forthcoming citywide Climate Action Plan. In April 2011 the City of Tulare received the Climate Change Award for the city's Energy Efficient Strategy at the 2011 Green California Summit and Exposition. In September 2011, the city of Tulare's Redevelopment Agency received a total of two awards for
8092-406: The city was $ 13,655. About 16.9% of families and 20.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.1% of those under age 18 and 14.0% of those age 65 or over. There is a large population of Portuguese residents in Tulare, many of whom immigrated from the Azores Islands to start farms and dairies in the Central Valley, becoming part of the now famous Central Valley agricultural boom of
8211-417: The community encountered environmental problems from dropping water tables which eventually caused it to fail. Today the historic area is preserved as the Colonel Allensworth State Historic Park , which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places . According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the county has a total area of 4,839 square miles (12,530 km ), of which 4,823 square miles (12,490 km )
8330-428: The council for two-year terms. This is a list of Tulare mayors by year. In the California State Legislature , Tulare is in the 12th Senate District , represented by Republican Shannon Grove , the 16th Senate District , represented by Democrat Melissa Hurtado , and in the 33rd Assembly District , represented by Republican Devon Mathis . In the United States House of Representatives , Tulare
8449-422: The county by a 7.82% margin despite losing nationally to Joe Biden , the closest margin of victory for a Republican in the county since Dwight D. Eisenhower 's 5.33% margin in 1956 . In the United States House of Representatives , Tulare County is split between three congressional districts: In the California State Senate , it is split between two legislative districts: In the California State Assembly ,
8568-447: The county is represented by the 33rd Assembly district , represented by Republican Devon Mathis , and the 32nd Assembly District, represented by Republican Vince Fong . The dairy industry, with sales of milk products, brings in the most revenue for the county, typically more than US$ 1 billion a year annually. Oranges, grapes, and cattle-related commodities also earn hundreds of millions of dollars annually. In 2001, Tulare became
8687-530: The county. The Porterville Municipal Airport , located 3 nautical miles (3.5 mi; 5.6 km) from Downtown Porterville. The airport offers general aviation to the public; it is also home to Porterville Air Attack Base on the south part of the airport. The Visalia Municipal Airport is a city-owned airport for the city of Visalia, California . Mefford Field is a city-owned general aviation airport located in Tulare. The nearest full-operation commercial airports are Bakersfield 's Meadows Field Airport to
8806-411: The county. The population density was 76 people per square mile (29 people/km ). There were 119,639 housing units at an average density of 25 units per square mile (9.7 units/km ). The racial makeup of the county was 58.1% White , 1.6% Black or African American , 1.6% Native American , 3.3% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 30.8% from other races , and 4.6% from two or more races. 50.8% of
8925-457: The county. The population density was 98.1 people per square mile (37.9 people/km ). The median income for a household in the county was $ 57,692, and the median income for a family was $ 53,330. The per capita income for the county was $ 23,096. About 18.8% of the population were below the poverty line , including 26.0% of those under age 18 and 13.8% of those age 65 or over. The 2010 United States Census reported that Tulare County had
9044-570: The exclusion zone; In 1948, the Evacuation Claims Act provided some compensation for property losses, but the act required documentation that many former inmates had lost during their removal and excluded lost opportunities, wages or interest from its calculations. Less than 24,000 filed a claim, and most received only a fraction of the losses they claimed. Four decades later, the Civil Liberties Act of 1988 officially acknowledged
9163-442: The gradual acceptance of Japanese American leadership on the national stage. Federal level appointments include Eric Shinseki and Norman Y. Mineta , the first Japanese American military chief of staff and federal cabinet secretary , respectively. As an expansion of immigration continued in 1920, more restrictions on women were put in place.This also came with the push for more Single women to act as continental brides and come to
9282-562: The ground, destroying the cache of food harvested for the winter. Although Bubal's relationship with the Christian Salinans under Fr. Cabot at Mission San Miguel was better, between 1816 and 1834, Bubal was a center of native resistance. The marshes around Lake Tulare were impenetrable by Spanish horses, which gave the Yokuts a military advantage. At one point, the Spanish considered building
9401-970: The highest point in the contiguous 48 United States, Mount Whitney , at 14,505 feet (4,421 m) above sea level. The park is south of and contiguous with Kings Canyon National Park ; the two are administered by the National Park Service as one unit, called Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks . Tulare County is rich in native plant species due in part to a diversity in habitats, including creeks, rivers, hills, and mountains. Native plants include incense cedar ( Calocedrus decurrens ), valley oak ( Quercus lobata ), California bay ( Umbellularia californica ), manzanita ( Arctostaphylos manzanita ), Salvia spathacea , mountain mahogany ( Cercocarpus betuloides ), milkweed ( Asclepias speciosa ), Epilobium cleistogamum , monkeyflower ( Mimulus ), Penstemon , California melic ( Melica californica ), and deer grass ( Muhlenbergia rigens ). Tulare County
9520-466: The inability to own land under many state laws. Due to these restrictions, Japanese immigration to the United States between 1931 and 1950 only totaled 3,503 which is strikingly low compared to the totals of 46,250 people in 1951–1960, 39,988 in 1961–70, 49,775 in 1971–80, 47,085 in 1981–90, and 67,942 in 1991–2000. Because no new immigrants from Japan were permitted after 1924, almost all pre-World War II Japanese Americans born after this time were born in
9639-575: The internment of Japanese Americans during World War II, historically Japanese areas fell into disrepair or became adopted by other minority groups (in the case of Black and Latino populations in Little Tokyo). Boats owned by Japanese Americans were confiscated by the U.S. Navy . One of the vessels owned by a Japanese American, the Alert , built in 1930, became YP-264 in December 1941, and was finally struck from
9758-504: The invasion and settlement by the Spanish and American pioneers. When California became a state in 1850, Tulare did not yet exist as a town. Tulare was founded in 1872, by the Southern Pacific Railroad . The town was named for Lake Tulare. The lake had been named for the tule rush plant ( Schoenoplectus acutus ) (pictured left), a species of bulrush that predominantly lined the marshes and sloughs of its shore. Transportation
9877-473: The largest Japanese American population in North America and the city of Gardena holds the densest Japanese American population in the 48 contiguous states. People from Japan began migrating to the US in significant numbers following the political, cultural, and social changes stemming from the Meiji Restoration in 1868. These early Issei immigrants came primarily from small towns and rural areas in
9996-438: The longstanding nature of Buddhist and Shinto practices in Japanese society, many of the cultural values and traditions commonly associated with Japanese tradition have been strongly influenced by these religious forms. A large number of the Japanese American community continue to practice Buddhism in some form, and a number of community traditions and festivals continue to center around Buddhist institutions. For example, one of
10115-560: The majority of Japanese Americans in the state and the multi-state Baltimore-Washington metropolitan area . A small, but relatively high number of Japanese Americans can be found areas surrounding the University of Virginia and Virginia Tech . In the Southern , Midwestern , and Northeastern United States , the New York metropolitan area has the highest number of Japanese Americans, followed by
10234-559: The more extensive Visalia-Porterville-Hanford, CA Combined Statistical Area, the 80th most populous combined statistical area and the 92nd most populous primary statistical area of the United States as of July 1, 2012. According to the United States Census Bureau, Tulare County is the 7th largest county in California by total area. Tulare is a strongly Republican county in presidential and congressional elections. The last Democratic candidate for president to win
10353-697: The most popular community festivals is the annual Obon Festival , which occurs in the summer, and provides an opportunity to reconnect with their customs and traditions and to pass these traditions and customs to the young. These kinds of festivals are mostly popular in communities with large populations of Japanese Americans, such as Southern California and Hawaii . A reasonable number of Japanese people both in and out of Japan are secular, as Shinto and Buddhism are most often practiced by rituals such as marriages or funerals, and not through faithful worship, as defines religion for many Americans. Most Japanese Americans now practice Christianity. Among mainline denominations
10472-451: The most productive county in the U.S. in terms of agricultural revenues, at US$ 3.5 billion annually. It surpassed Fresno County 's US$ 3.2 billion, which had held the top spot for over two decades. Due to the importance of agriculture in the county as well as its location in the state, since 1968 the city of Tulare has been the site of the annual World Ag Expo , the world's largest agricultural exposition. Minor league sports teams, such as
10591-428: The occupied units 10,389 (58.6%) were owner-occupied and 7,331 (41.4%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.8%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.5%. 33,367 people (56.3% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 25,633 people (43.2%) lived in rental housing units. As of the census of 2000, there were 43,994 people in 13,543 households, including 10,753 families, in the city. The population density
10710-417: The opportunity to play together. Japanese American celebrations tend to be more sectarian in nature and focus on the community-sharing aspects. Japanese Americans have shown strong support for Democratic candidates in recent elections. Shortly prior to the 2004 US presidential election , Japanese Americans narrowly favored Democrat John Kerry by a 42% to 38% margin over Republican George W. Bush . In
10829-849: The population was spread out, with 31.0% under the age of 18, 69.0% from 18 to 64, 6.5% from 65 to 74, 3.2% from 75 to 84 and 1.4% who were 85 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. The racial makeup of Tulare County including Hispanics was 186,255 (39.4%) White , 6,668 (1.4%) African American , 10,645 (2.2%) Native American , 17,194 (3.6%) Asian , 723 (0.1%) Pacific Islander , 165,230 (34.9%) from other races , and 86,402 (18.2%) from two or more races. There were 309,895 people (65.5%) of Hispanic or Latino origin, of any race. 3.7% were of German , 3.2% English , 2.8% Irish, 2.4% Portuguese and 2.3% American ancestry according to Census 2020 . 48.7% spoke English , 47.4% Spanish and 1.0% Indo-European as their first language. There were 144,109 households , out of which 45.9% had children under
10948-561: The population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 6.2% were of American , 5.7% German and 5.0% English ancestry according to Census 2000 . 56.3% spoke English , 38.9% Spanish and 1.1% Portuguese as their first language. There were 110,385 households, out of which 44.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.1% were married couples living together, 14.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.1% were non-families. 17.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.7% had someone living alone who
11067-625: The population) lived in households, 62 (0.1%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 216 (0.4%) were institutionalized. There were 17,720 households, 8,991 (50.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 9,373 (52.9%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 3,190 (18.0%) had a female householder with no husband present, 1,507 (8.5%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,543 (8.7%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships , and 120 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships . 2,862 households (16.2%) were one person and 1,249 (7.0%) had someone living alone who
11186-404: The population. Of the 13,543 households 46.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.9% were married couples living together, 17.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.6% were non-families. 16.7% of households were one person and 8.0% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 3.22 and the average family size was 3.57. The age distribution
11305-698: The prevalence of diesel fuel exhaust from farming and truck traffic on Highway 99. Farming also exacerbates this because it kicks up tremendous amounts of dust, especially in the late summer and autumn months. At the 2010 census Tulare had a population of 59,278. The population density was 2,820.5 inhabitants per square mile (1,089.0/km). The racial makeup of Tulare was 36,347 (61.3%) White, 2,328 (3.9%) African American, 694 (1.2%) Native American, 1,276 (2.2%) Asian, 80 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 15,713 (26.5%) from other races, and 2,840 (4.8%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 34,062 persons (57.5%). The census reported that 59,000 people (99.5% of
11424-523: The process of their naturalization . In 1907, the Gentlemen's Agreement between the governments of Japan and the United States ended immigration of Japanese unskilled workers, but permitted the immigration of businessmen, students and spouses of Japanese immigrants already in the US. Prior to the Gentlemen's Agreement, about seven out of eight ethnic Japanese in the continental United States were men. By 1924,
11543-500: The railroad was gone, the community of Tulare struggled to become an agricultural center for California, which it is today. Due to the inadequate 10 inches (250 mm) of rainfall per year, water resources had to be found. In order to bring water to Tulare, citizens established the Tulare Irrigation District and issued $ 500,000 in bonds to build an extensive canal system carrying water from the Sierra Nevada . In 1903, when
11662-566: The ratio had changed to approximately four women to every six men. Japanese immigration to the U.S. effectively ended when Congress passed the Immigration Act of 1924 which banned all but a token few Japanese people. The earlier Naturalization Act of 1790 restricted naturalized United States citizenship to free white persons, which excluded the Issei from citizenship. As a result, the Issei were unable to vote and faced additional restrictions such as
11781-504: The same discrimination when going to school so they gave them the choice to either go back to Japan to be educated, or to stay in America with their parents and study both languages. Anti-Japanese sentiment during World War I resulted in public efforts to close Japanese-language schools. The 1927 Supreme Court case Farrington v. Tokushige protected the Japanese American community's right to have Japanese language private institutions. During
11900-430: The second grade. As a courtesy to the large number of Japanese tourists (from Japan), Japanese characters are provided on place signs, public transportation, and civic facilities. The Hawaii media market has a few locally produced Japanese language newspapers and magazines, although these are on the verge of dying out, due to a lack of interest on the part of the local (Hawaii-born) Japanese population. Stores that cater to
12019-525: The south, and Fresno 's Fresno Yosemite International Airport to the north. V-LINE buses operate daily service between the Visalia Transit Center and the Fresno Airport. The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense, as of 2019. The 2020 United States Census reported that Tulare County had a population of 473,117 and
12138-456: The southern Japanese prefectures of Hiroshima , Yamaguchi , Kumamoto , and Fukuoka and most of them settled in either Hawaii or along the West Coast . The Japanese population in the United States grew from 148 in 1880 (mostly students) to 2,039 in 1890 and 24,326 by 1900. In the earliest years of the 20th century, American officials with no experience in "transliterating...Japanese" often gave Japanese-Americans new names before and during
12257-500: The starting point for the genetic study of a family, used in medicine and psychiatry). The risk factors for genetic diseases in Japanese Americans include coronary heart disease and diabetes. One study, called the Japanese American Community Diabetes Study that started in 1994 and went through 2003 , involved the pro-bands taking part to test whether the increased risk of diabetes among Japanese Americans
12376-521: The three largest Asian American ethnic communities during the 20th century; but, according to the 2000 census , they have declined in ranking to constitute the sixth largest Asian American group at around 1,469,637, including those of partial ancestry. According to the 2010 census , the largest Japanese American communities were found in California with 272,528, Hawaii with 185,502, New York with 37,780, Washington with 35,008, Illinois with 17,542 and Ohio with 16,995. Southern California has
12495-610: The top employers in the county are: Electricity service in Tulare County is provided by Southern California Edison and PG&E . Gas is provided by SoCalGas and PG&E. TV and Internet service is provided by several companies, such as Spectrum , DISH , DirecTV and HughesNET . The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2020 census of Tulare County. † county seat Japanese American Japanese Americans ( Japanese : 日系アメリカ人 ) are Americans of Japanese ancestry. Japanese Americans were among
12614-503: The tourist industry often have Japanese-speaking personnel. To show their allegiance to the US, many nisei and sansei intentionally avoided learning Japanese. But as many of the later generations find their identities in both Japan and America or American society broadens its definition of cultural identity, studying Japanese is becoming more popular than it once was. Japanese American culture places great value on education and culture. Across generations, children are often instilled with
12733-545: The transfer of cholesterol esters from lipoproteins to other lipoproteins in the human body. It plays a fundamental role in the reverse transport of cholesterol to the liver , which is why a mutation in this can lead to coronary heart disease. Studies have shown that the CETP is linked to increased HDL levels. There is a very common pattern of two different cholesterol ester transfer protein gene mutations (D442G, 5.1%; intron 14G:A, 0.5%) found in about 3,469 Japanese American men. This
12852-584: The unincorporated areas of the county. Incorporated towns have municipal police departments or contract with the Sheriff for their police operations. Tulare County Area Transit (TCaT) provides an intracounty bus service linking the population centers. One TCaT route connects to Delano in Kern County. The cities of Tulare , Porterville , and Visalia have their own local intracity bus services. Greyhound Lines provides long-distance, intercity bus service outside
12971-407: Was 2,648.2 inhabitants per square mile (1,022.5/km). There were 14,253 housing units at an average density of 858.0 units per square mile (331.3 units/km). The racial makeup of the city was 56.38% White, 5.02% African American, 1.40% Native American, 2.02% Asian, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 29.09% from other races, and 5.96% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 65.59% of
13090-427: Was 34.6% under the age of 18, 10.5% from 18 to 24, 28.7% from 25 to 44, 16.8% from 45 to 64, and 9.4% 65 or older. The median age was 28 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.0 males. The median household income was $ 33,637 and the median family income was $ 36,935. Males had a median income of $ 31,467 versus $ 23,775 for females. The per capita income for
13209-587: Was 65 or older. The average household size was 3.33. There were 14,070 families (79.4% of households); the average family size was 3.68. The age distribution was 19,757 people (33.3%) under the age of 18, 6,229 people (10.5%) aged 18 to 24, 16,247 people (27.4%) aged 25 to 44, 11,707 people (19.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 5,338 people (9.0%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 29.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.9 males. There were 18,863 housing units at an average density of 897.5 per square mile, of
13328-451: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.28 and the average family size was 3.67. In the county, the population was spread out, with 33.8% under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 18.2% from 45 to 64, and 9.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females there were 100.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.7 males. The median income for
13447-606: Was administered by the Wartime Civil Control Administration, under the Western Defense Command and the U.S. 4th Army . The first internee was inducted on April 27, 1942, and the last internee departed on September 4, 1942. The top population numbered 4,978 residents, many of whom were citizens born in the United States. In the latter part of 1942, internees began being moved to the ten more permanent "War Relocation Camps". The majority of internees from
13566-513: Was based on a program called the Honolulu Heart Program. The mutations correlated with decreased CETP levels (-35%) and increased HDL cholesterol levels (+10% for D442G). The relative risk of CHD was 1.43 in men with mutations (P<0.05), and after research found for CHD risk factors, the relative risk went up to 1.55 (P=0.02); after further adjustments for HDL levels, the relative risk went up again to 1.68 (P=0.008). Genetic CETP deficiency
13685-541: Was covered in the book Colorado's Japanese Americans: From 1886 to the Present by award-winning author and journalist Bill Hosokawa . One of the first documented was engineer Tadaatsu Matsudaira who moved there for health reasons in 1886. The Granada Relocation Center which incarcerated more than 10,000 Japanese Americans from 1942 to 1945 , was designated as part of the National Park System on March 18, 2022, and
13804-623: Was not enough to buy enough food and gas to get to the next job." In 1940, famed aerobatic stunt pilot J.G. "Tex" Rankin secured a U.S. War Department contract to open and operate a civilian flying school to train United States Army Air Corps flight cadets. Rankin opened the Rankin Aeronautical Academy in Tulare in February 1941, where it operated throughout the duration of World War II. During its heyday Rankin Field , as it
13923-686: Was otherwise known, trained 10,000 pilots in primary flight training, including twelve future Army Air Corps Aces and two Medal of Honor recipients. During World War II , in response to the Attack on Pearl Harbor and the West Coast wartime hysteria, the U.S. Army temporarily assumed control of the Tulare County Fairgrounds, converting it to the Tulare Assembly Center, a temporary detention center for Japanese Americans . The Assembly Center
14042-416: Was served in the finest restaurants throughout America. At the end of World War II, a portion of Tagus Ranch served as a German POW camp. The cotton strike of 1933 was planned in Tulare by a group of seventy-eight men and women. As recorded by Chicano historian Rodolfo Acuña , "they concluded that it took the average picker 10 hours to harvest 300 pounds. Planters offered 40 cents a hundredweight – that
14161-416: Was the first impetus behind the establishment of the town. Tulare flourished as the headquarters of the railroad in the area. The town suffered through many difficult challenges, but despite burning down and being rebuilt three times in its first fourteen years of existence, it was eventually incorporated in 1888. In 1891, the railroad moved its headquarters to Bakersfield , decimating the community. Although
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