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The Apertura [apeɾˈtuɾa] and Clausura [klawˈsuɾa] tournaments is a split season format for Spanish-speaking sports leagues . It is a relatively recent innovation for many Latin American football leagues in which the traditional association football season from August to May is divided in two sections per season , each with its own champion . Apertura and Clausura are the Spanish words for "opening" and "closing". In French-speaking Haiti , these are known as the Ouverture and the Fermeture , while in English-speaking Belize , they are respectively the Opening and Closing seasons. When used in the United States and Canada, they are known as the Spring and Fall seasons.

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44-554: Tuca is the nickname of: Tuca Ferretti or Ricardo Ferretti (born 1954), Brazilian-Mexican footballer and manager Benjamín "Tuca" Pardo , fictional character in the 2012 Argentine telenovela Graduados Tuca (footballer) or Juliano Francisco de Paula (born 1981), Brazilian football defender Tuca (musician) or Valeniza Zagni da Silva (1944–1978), Brazilian guitarist, songwriter, and singer See also [ edit ] TUCA (disambiguation) [REDACTED] Topics referred to by

88-403: A double round-robin format, as a means to fill in the gaps caused by the lack of elimination cup competitions as in most European countries. In leagues with 16 or more teams, each tournament has a single round-robin format. Relegations, if any, are done on an aggregate basis; usually the combined table for both tournaments determine relegation placements. In some leagues, the average points over

132-594: A football coach in 1991 with Pumas UNAM. In 1996, he moved to Guadalajara where he won the league championship in 1997, and a runner-up position in 1998. With Chivas he failed to qualify for the play-offs only once in eight seasons. In 2000, he moved to Tigres UANL, a team that constantly failed to qualify for the play-offs, despite having a squad with many star players, including many from the Mexico national team , such as Jorge Campos and Luis Hernández , and from other national teams as well. In his first year, Ferretti qualified

176-532: A manager, he has had three stints with Tigres UANL , two with Pumas UNAM , and has also managed Toluca , Guadalajara and Cruz Azul . He is one of two managers in Mexican football history to manage 1,000 league matches, the other being Ignacio Trelles . He has also served as interim coach of the Mexico national team twice, winning the CONCACAF Cup in 2015. After retiring as a player, Ferretti started to work as

220-462: A national championship in itself. On the other hand, in the leagues of Nicaragua, Peru, and Uruguay, the winners of the Apertura and Clausura play each other in a playoff for the season title, or there is a final stage where teams qualify based on placements in the Apertura and Clausura . Thus, two championship titles are awarded per year in the first group of leagues, and only one in

264-447: A playoff round, with the top team from each zone matched against the second-place team from the other zone in the two-legged semifinals. The semifinal winners advanced to a two-legged final. In the second half of the season, only eight of the initial 12 teams competed; all teams played a double round-robin in that half of the season, followed by a four-team knockout playoff (again two-legged throughout). The number of teams participating in

308-471: A two-legged playoff to determine the overall champion. This format was abolished for the 2020–21 season , and the competition reverted to a traditional format played from August to April. For most of its history (except in 1996) the J. League in Japan had a similar system for its first division , although it was called 1st Stage and 2nd Stage. The seasons became unified in 2005, partially to avoid conflicts with

352-547: Is a Brazilian-Mexican professional football manager and former player who currently works for ESPN Deportes and ESPN Mexico as an analyst. As a player, Ferretti was an attacking midfielder known for his mobility, powerful right shot and leadership. He was a free kick specialist and spent most of his playing career with Pumas UNAM . He also played for Botafogo , Vasco da Gama and Bonsucesso in his native Brazil, and Atlas , Neza , Monterrey and Toluca in Mexico. As

396-578: Is held in the first half of the calendar year in Bolivia , Colombia , Haiti , Paraguay and Uruguay while it is held in the second half of the calendar year in Costa Rica , El Salvador , Guatemala , Honduras , Mexico and Nicaragua . The words Apertura and Clausura are used in most Latin American countries. Some, however, use different terminology: In most leagues, each tournament constitutes

440-614: The 2015 CONCACAF Cup against the United States to qualify for the 2017 Confederations Cup , and won his farewell match, a friendly against Panama . Following Juan Carlos Osorio 's departure from the Mexico national team following the 2018 FIFA World Cup , Ferretti was once again called up to be the interim manager for friendly matches against Uruguay , the United States , Costa Rica , and Chile . UNAM Toluca Individual Guadalajara Toluca UNAM UANL Mexico Individual Clausura The Apertura

484-569: The 2015–16 CONCACAF Champions League final after defeating Querétaro but lost to América . Tigres later qualified to the playoffs in eight place. They ended up losing to their city rival Monterrey in the quarterfinals. During the preseason, Tigres won the Campeón de Campeones after defeating Pachuca 1–0. Tigres qualified to the play-offs for the fifth straight season after beating Tijuana in an away game 1–0. Tigres ended up winning their fifth league title after defeating América on penalty kicks,

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528-600: The Canadian Premier League adopted a split-season format divided into Spring and Fall seasons. The winner of each part of the season advances to the Canadian Premier League Finals . Following the traditional standard for soccer in the United States and Canada, the season is entirely contained within a calendar year, running April to November. The CPL did not follow a simple double round-robin format;

572-639: The Double-A Southern and Texas Leagues in the United States both use a similar system, dividing the March–October regular season in half, with records being cleared mid-season, and the top teams mid-season and at the end of the season clinching spots in the playoff for the league pennant (the remainder of playoff slots being filled by wild cards ). This system is used in some Single-A leagues, as well. The March–September Chinese Professional Baseball League and winter Mexican Pacific League also follow

616-475: The Emperor's Cup . It briefly resumed the same format for 2015 and 2016 seasons. The Japan Football League , at the fourth tier, briefly introduced the format from 2014 to 2019. The first season of S.League in 1996 was played in split seasons and a playoff model, with the first series being named Tiger Beer Series, and the second series being named Pioneer Series. Winners of both series then played each other at

660-691: The Mid-Season Invitational , while the fall is reserved for the summer split playoffs and the League of Legends World Championship . Qualification to the World Championship is decided in one of two ways: finishing within the top three within the second split playoffs (for the LCS ) or, for the LCK and LPL , either winning the second split or through a system that awards points based on a team's performance in each of

704-530: The United States Soccer Federation and later ceased operations amid a legal challenge against the federation. The third-division National Independent Soccer Association debuted in 2019 with a split season format that was played from fall to spring. The fall and spring seasons both had their own playoffs to determine the league champions. The format was abandoned following the Fall 2021 season as

748-473: The state leagues from January to April, some of which do feature a split season format. Brazil also has, unlike most Latin American nations, a national cup . In 1967 and 1968 , the Taça Brasil and Torneio Roberto Gomes Pedrosa were run in the same year, making these years de facto Apertura and Clausura seasons. Both tournaments' winners are recognized as Brazilian champions. For the 2019 season only,

792-462: The Libertadores. On June 30, 2006, because of this failure, Tigres decided to cease the relationship. On May 23, 2006, he signed again with Pumas and led them to yet another final. This time against Atlante, a team which had endured a difficult yet brilliant season. Pumas came in as underdogs due to the fact they didn't have a great season but they shined in the playoffs using home-field advantage to

836-511: The championship, and the first game started well for Tigres, but the players' mistakes combined to give Rayados a 4–1 victory on the first leg, and the second leg was made insignificant. Because of the team's failure to defeat their arch-rival in the semi-finals, the team decided not to renew the coach's contract. Ferretti then moved on to coach Toluca for the Apertura 2003. However, in that season, Tigres signed Nery Pumpido as coach, but because of

880-430: The conclusion of the 2014 Primera season this happened, with the 2015 season taking a European style year long season from February to December. The AFA later decided to change its season to one spanning two calendar years; as such, the 2016 season is an abbreviated tournament held from February to May, followed by an August-to-June season from 2016–17 forward. The Premier League of Belize , created in 2012 by

924-532: The end of the season in a championship Playoff, with the winner of the Playoff being crowned the first champion of S.League. This split seasons format has not been used since the first season. The K-League of South Korea also had the same system in 1984, 1986, 1995, 2004, 2005, and 2006. In 2007, it again became unified because of confusion among fans. All the following leagues are their country's top national division (Div 1) unless otherwise indicated. In baseball,

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968-401: The final of the Apertura 2014 but lost to América 3-1 on aggregate . In July 2015, Ferretti guided Tigres to the 2015 Copa Libertadores final, becoming the third Mexican team to do so. Tigres lost to River Plate 3–0 on aggregate. Ferretti later led Tigres to their fourth league title, his second with the team, after defeating his former club UNAM on penalty kicks. Later he led Tigres to

1012-418: The first-half winner play against the second-half winner at the end of the season for the championship. The Philippine Basketball Association also conducts a split season similar in many ways to the Apertura and Clausura . All League of Legends leagues operate on a split-season system, with one split in the spring and one in the summer. The summer is reserved for the spring split playoffs and

1056-410: The full extent. They became a nightmare for other teams inside Ciudad Universitaria. So much that on the first leg of the semi-finals against No.1 seed Santos, they beat them to the rhythm of 3–0. No team during the season had scored so much on Santos. But in the first leg of the final, Pumas couldn't deliver on Atlante. On the final's second leg, Pumas fell to them with a score of 2–1. The game ended with

1100-423: The game winner shot from outside the box. In the 2009 season, Ferretti took Pumas back to the finals after a lot of comebacks in the playoffs. They were the underdogs yet again but beat Pachuca (who had beaten them in the regular season 2–1) in extra time 3–2, giving them their 6th title in its team's history. After Pumas was eliminated in the 2010 playoffs, Ferretti quit as manager due to a huge disappointment. He

1144-472: The league moved to a spring-to-fall single-season schedule. The USSR Championship in football among "exhibition teams" (later "teams of masters") started in 1936. Its first season (1936) contained a split-season format for all four tiers of the championship including Groups (A, B, V, and Ghe). In 1976 a split-season format was once again revived for the Top League only and for a single season. On both occasions

1188-460: The match was also Ferretti's 1,000th league match as a manager in Mexico. Ferretti became the first manager to win five league titles in the short tournament era. Ferrett's final match as manager of Tigres ended in a 1-0 loss to Atlas on May 8, 2021, ending his 11-year run at the helm. On 3 June 2021, Ferretti was appointed manager of Juárez . On 6 May 2022, Ferretti and Juárez parted ways in amicable terms. On 22 February 2023, Ferretti became

1232-468: The merger of two rival top-level leagues, began a split season in 2012–13. The Opening Season takes place in the second half of the calendar year, with the Closing Season following in the first half of the next calendar year. Like most Latin American leagues, it crowns two separate champions in each season. However, its format is significantly different from that of most other leagues, being more similar to

1276-568: The new manager of Cruz Azul . On 7 August 2023, Ferretti was dismissed from his position. After Miguel Herrera was fired for an incident off the field, Ferretti was named the interim manager for Mexico . Ferretti previously stated various times he did not want to manage the Mexico national team but agreed to manage the team until the Mexican Football Federation hired a new manager. In his interim process, Mexico drew against Trinidad & Tobago and Argentina in friendlies, won

1320-462: The playoffs along with the two teams with the best records in the combined seasons; the two season winners previously qualified directly for the Soccer Bowl championship. The seasons were unbalanced, with the fall season completing a full double round-robin while the shorter spring season only had single round-robin. The NASL cancelled its Spring 2018 season after it lost Division II sanctioning from

1364-428: The previous two or three seasons are used to determine relegation. Peru abolished its Apertura and Clausura format after the 2008 season but brought it back for the 2014 season. Ecuador adopted the Apertura and Clausura in 2005 featuring two champions in the season, however, its subsequent tournaments renamed the Apertura and Clausura as first and second stages, respectively, with

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1408-424: The same structure, using a team's win record in each stage to determine which advance to the playoffs. Japan's Pacific League had a split season format from 1973 to 1982, with a mini-playoff between the two winners to determine the league's champion. While Little League Baseball does not mandate any specific scheduling format to be used by local leagues, it recommends dividing the regular season in half and having

1452-610: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles about people with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tuca&oldid=1162590481 " Category : Human name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Tuca Ferretti Ricardo Ferretti de Oliveira (born 22 February 1954), also known as Tuca Ferretti ,

1496-477: The seasons were conducted in a single round-robin tournament . In Belgium a large reform of the Belgian football league system was performed in 2016, which reduced the number of professional teams to 24, with only 8 teams remaining at the second level, called Belgian First Division B . From the 2016–17 season until the 2019–20 season , the 8 teams played two tournaments, with the winners of both tournaments playing

1540-492: The second. In Mexico and Colombia , for instance, the winners of each tournament play each other at the beginning of the following season for another title, but this is a rather minor season curtain-raiser, akin to national Super Cups in European leagues. Some Apertura and Clausura tournaments also have second stages to decide the winner. In leagues with 12 or fewer teams, each Apertura and Clausura has

1584-512: The similarity in the style of play and the almost insignificant change to the squad's roster, local media in Monterrey always rumored that Ferretti coached Tigres behind Pumpido. Tigres became runner-up again that season, and won a semi-final against Ferretti's Toluca. In 2004, due to personal differences with José Cardozo , and despite qualifying for the play-offs in all his seasons in Toluca, Ferretti

1628-443: The splits, with the best non-qualified teams entering the regional finals for the last one or two spots. Unlike most other split-season formats, the summer split is more important than the spring split; coming second in the summer split is worth as many points as winning the spring split. The LEC has three splits, winter, spring and summer, as well as an end-of-season tournament called Season Finals which decides which teams qualify for

1672-506: The spring season was an uneven 10 match season, while the fall season was a triple round robin, 18 match season. The second incarnation of the North American Soccer League adopted a split-season format in 2013, divided into Spring and Fall Championships. Like other soccer leagues in the United States and Canada, the season was entirely contained within a calendar year. Beginning in 2014, the winner of each season qualified for

1716-406: The system used by Major League Soccer in the United States and Canada. In the first split season (2012–13), the league's 12 teams were divided into two six-team zones. During the first half of the season, every team played a double round-robin within its zone, plus single games against four teams from the opposite zone, resulting in a 14-game schedule. The top two teams from each zone qualified for

1760-412: The team for the play-offs, and a season later he made them runners-up. He stayed with Tigres until 2003, where his constant success and the good economic standing of the team combined to make Ferretti one of the best paid coaches of the time. However, that year's Clausura saw the first ever semi-final Clásico Regiomontano , in which Tigres played their arch-rival Rayados . Both teams were favorites for

1804-543: The top flight dropped to seven for the 2013–14 season. Each half of that season will have the same format as the 2013 Closing Season. The Brazilian national league is a notable tournament in Latin America not to split the season into two parts, using a single-season double round-robin format to decide the champions, similar to those in European leagues, though played between May and December. Brazilian clubs also participate in

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1848-515: The top placed teams advancing to a third stage to determine the champion and international qualification. Starting in 2009, the Ecuadorian championships were decided by a final between stage or group winners, maintaining the half-year tournament format. Argentine Football Association (AFA) president Julio Grondona proposed in December 2008 the return to a single championship per season format, and at

1892-562: Was quickly signed as coach to Tigres . Ferretti led Tigres to win Apertura 2011 league title after defeating Santos Laguna , the first title for Tigres in 29 years. He was awarded best manager of the tournament for the first time in his career. On April 9, 2014, Tigres won the Clausura 2014 Copa MX after defeating Alebrijes de Oaxaca 3-0 in the final. Tigres lost Morelia in the inaugural Supercopa MX after losing 5–4 on aggregate. Tigres made it to

1936-601: Was separated from the team. He then moved on to coach Morelia, with mixed success but did help save the team from relegation. On January 1, 2006, Ferretti was appointed as coach for the a second time. Under his guidance, Tigres won the InterLiga , qualifying the team to the Copa Libertadores de América , and then to the play-offs of that tournament. However, Tigres failed to qualify for the Clausura 2006 playoffs, and to advance in

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